JPH02130335A - Forced ventilation under the floor in building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ventilate the space under the floor satisfactorily by alternately producing two types of forced flows of air, each type opposite to the other in direction, between opposing ventilating openings by the automatic control of the direction, in which outdoor air is taken in and discharged, on the basis of changing outdoor conditions and according to suitability of the direction to keeping the space under the floor dry. CONSTITUTION:The figure illustrates a case in which suction fans 5A, 5B sharing an automatic control 4 are installed separately from each other at ventilating openings 2 one in the north and the other in the south in a framework 1 under the floor; either or the two fans 5A, 5B is operated for the ventilation. A sensor unit 3 consists of a combination of a temperature sensor of outdoor air, a quantity sensor of outdoor light, a moisture sensor of the outdoor ground, a humidity sensor of outdoor air, and the like, from which a signal combining the respective sensor data of the outdoor conditions is inputted to the automatic control 4 so that in the space under the floor between ventilating openings 2 is produced either of two types of forced flows of air, each type opposite to the other in direction, that is, 'air taken in from the north and discharged to the south' and 'air taken in from the south and discharged to the north'. As a result, no dead zone is allowed to exist at any point under the floor and the space under the entire floor is made satisfactorily dry.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a method for forced ventilation under the floor of a building, which is mainly used for forced ventilation under the floor of a wooden building.

``Prior art'' Generally, the underfloor of a wooden house is a cavity surrounded by a subfloor frame section surrounded by a concrete wall, the floor of the building placed on top of the subfloor frame section, and the soil surface at the bottom. Underfloor ventilation methods are very often used in which the underfloor air is naturally ventilated through ventilation windows provided at important points in the underfloor frame. In particular, in cases where the subfloor soil is not dry or the area under the floor is prone to humidity due to the building environment, install an electric exhaust fan in the ventilation window mentioned above to increase ventilation under the floor, and remove the air from the cavity under the floor. A forced ventilation method is used.

According to the conventional underfloor ventilation method described above, the natural ventilation method relies on natural convection ventilation of air. Because there is insufficient convection, the area under the floor is likely to be left in a humid state, which not only accelerates the corrosion and deterioration of the building, but also accelerates the humidity and corrosion of the floor and tatami mats, which can harm the living environment. The problem is that chronic humidity under the floor becomes a source of harmful animals such as termites, cockroaches, and slugs, which can cause damage to buildings and deterioration of the living environment.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned forced ventilation method is a ventilation means that simply exhausts the air under the floor to the outside using a normal exhaust fan, so although under-floor ventilation is promoted more than the above-mentioned natural ventilation method, the under-floor drying performance is not sufficient. It is difficult to describe, but it has similar drawbacks to the natural ventilation method described above.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new underfloor forced ventilation method that solves the problems of the conventional means described above.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The underfloor forced ventilation method of the present invention that solves the above technical problems is configured as follows. That is, with reference to FIG. 1.2 showing a conceptual diagram of the present invention, ``ventilation windows 2 are provided in the underfloor frame part 1 of a building enclosed in a rectangular shape with concrete walls, etc.''
In order to ventilate the underfloor air and outside air through the ventilation windows 2, the ventilation windows 2 are arranged at opposite locations such as the south and north sides of the underfloor frame 1, and the outside air is forcibly blown through the ventilation windows 2 in the two opposite directions. Blow fan 5 or blow fan 5 and exhaust m6
The blower fan 5 or the blower fan 5 and the exhaust fan 6 are provided with:
``A sensing unit 3 is provided to detect outdoor conditions such as outdoor temperature, light intensity, outside air humidity, or soil moisture. Automatic control circuit that controls selection and start/stop
The system automatically controls the direction of inflowing and exhausting outside air suitable for underfloor drying based on changes in outdoor conditions, and alternates two types of forced airflow with opposing airflow directions between the two ventilation windows that are opposed to each other. This is a "forced ventilation method" in which air is generated under the floor and ventilated under the floor.

Specifically, the forced ventilation method of the present invention described above has two methods: "Blowing in from the north side and discharging from the south side" and "Blowing in from the south side and discharging from the north side", Either of the two types of airflows in opposite directions of "exhaust" is forcibly generated, and whether to generate one of the counterflows is determined based on fluctuations in outdoor conditions. When blowing in outside air is preferable for underfloor drying, create a forced airflow from the south side to the north side, and when favorable conditions for outside air on the south side do not exist, such as on cloudy, rainy days or at twilight, blow in air from the north side to the south side. A forced air flow is automatically generated, and the underfloor cavity is configured so that air flows in different directions are forced to be generated approximately alternately.

In addition, 4 in the figure is an automatic control unit consisting of a logic sequence, 7 is an immediate relay circuit for the blower fan 5 and exhaust fan 6, and 8A
are operation timers for the blower fan 5 and the exhaust fan 6, which are incorporated as necessary.

A blower fan 5 and an exhaust fan 6 of the present invention having the above configuration as a gist
The basic arrangement is to generate airflow in two opposite directions as described above, and as shown in FIG. Or, as shown in Fig. 1(A), the blower Ji5A5B, which shares the automatic control unit 4 between the north and south ventilation windows 2, is separated and one of them is rotated. Or the second
As shown in Figure (B), only the blower fan 5G may be provided, and a structure having an air supply and exhaust layer function may be adopted, in which the blower fan 5C is rotated in the normal direction to blow air into the underfloor area, and when the blower fan 5C is rotated in the reverse direction, the air is exhausted from the underfloor area.

On the other hand, the sensing unit 3 is composed of a combination of an outdoor temperature sensor 3A, an outdoor New Year's Day sensor 3B, an outdoor soil moisture sensor 3C1, an outdoor air humidity sensor 3D, etc.
The light sensor 3B distinguishes between clear, cloudy, and rainy weather and day and night; the temperature sensor 3A distinguishes and senses the outside temperature; the moisture sensor 3C and the humidity sensor 3D distinguish and sense outdoor moisture and humidity conditions; The combined signal is input to the automatic control section 4, and the airflow selection described above is made. Note that the sensing section 3 may be provided at an arbitrary location such as the north side or south side under the floor.

``The method of forced ventilation under the floor of a building of the present invention, which has the above-described structure, basically forces outside air into the underfloor cavity. Since the wind pressure is strong and generates a strong forced air flow, the soil surface under the floor, building floors, floor pillars, etc. that come into contact with the strong forced convection will actively accelerate drying and become a breeding ground for termites and small animals that avoid strong winds. The above forced convection can be carried out from the north to the south, which is the direction suitable for underfloor drying.
Since reciprocal two-way flow, either "from the south to the north", is automatically selected, each area under the floor receives forced convection in two directions, reducing dead zones.

The entire area under the floor can be effectively ventilated and dried, and the area under the floor can be automatically maintained in an extremely dry state.

"Example" Hereinafter, an example will be described in detail by way of example. First, referring to FIG. 3 showing the first embodiment of the present invention, the forced ventilation method shown in the third diagram is performed by using a ventilation window on the north side of the under-floor frame part 1 of a building as shown in FIG. 2(A). 2, a blower fan 5 and an exhaust fan 6 are installed side by side, and when the blower fan 5 operates, a forced air flow is sent under the floor from the ventilation window 2 on the north side toward the ventilation window 2 on the south side, and the exhaust fan 6
By operating the system, the same airflow is generated under the floor, with intake on the south side and exhaust on the north side.

The sensing unit 3 consists of an air temperature sensor 3A' that senses temperatures above and below 28 degrees Celsius, an air temperature sensor 3A' that senses temperatures above and below 16 degrees Celsius, and an air temperature sensor 3A' that senses temperatures above and below 7 degrees Celsius. A light sensor group consisting of a temperature sensor group, a day/night discrimination light sensor 3B' that distinguishes between day and night outdoors, and a weather discrimination light sensor 3B"' that distinguishes and detects weather that is clear and sunny, and It is combined with a moisture sensor 3CJ that detects whether the moisture content is above or below a certain value, and is installed in the ventilation window 2 on the north side of the building.
Detects nearby outdoor conditions and transmits the sensing information to the automatic control unit 4.
It is designed to be input. The detailed configuration of the sensing section 3 is as shown in FIG. 3(B), and the sensing reference value can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the electrical resistances attached to each sensor.

On the other hand, the automatic control unit 4 receives, based on the above input information from the sensing unit 3, (A) the input information of "It's sunny or higher, the temperature is between 7℃ and 28℃, and there is moisture in the soil." When the input information is ``It's sunny or above, the temperature is between 7℃ and 16℃, and there is no moisture in the soil,'' the exhaust fan 6 is turned on and the air is sucked in from the south and exhausted from the north. (B) Other than (A) above When inputting information, blowing fan 5
Turn on the north side blow in, south side exhaust, (C) sensor 3
The brightness of B' is based on the sensed information.

The operation circuit of the blower fan 5 or exhaust fan 6 is turned on.

(D) The timer 8A is started based on the dusk detection information of the sensor 3B', and the blower fan 5 or exhaust fan 6 is activated.
Turns on the operating circuits and continues extending the required time from dusk to late night (E) Turns off the operating circuits of the blower fan 5 and exhaust fan 6 when the temperature is detected to be below 7°C. , the above automatic control circuits are incorporated.

Then, based on the sensed input information of the outdoor conditions in (A), (B), and (C) above, forced airflow ventilation of "south side intake, north side exhaust" and r north side blow and south side exhaust is automatically selected and alternately performed. At the same time, automatic ventilation is performed in residential areas etc. during hours when there is little risk of noise pollution, from dawn to late at night, such as until 10 p.m. Furthermore, when the outside air is in a low temperature region of 7 degrees Celsius or less, ventilation is The system shuts off the function to prevent unnecessary temperatures below the floor.

The results of an experiment comparing the forced ventilation method of the embodiment in FIG. 3 and the conventional forced ventilation method in which only the exhaust fan 6 is operated continuously are shown in FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B). In other words, Figure 4 shows the changes in underfloor humidity measured over time over several days using the same underfloor of a normal wooden house, and under approximately the same weather and temperature conditions at the same time and under one forced ventilation. , as shown in the weather code in the figure, the weather changed for four days (Figure 4 (A)
) and the humidity under the floor (center position under the floor) and humidity above the floor (with complete outside air ventilation) during four days of weather changes (Figure 4 (B)) of "cloudy after rain → rainy weather → rainy weather → rainy and then clear". (humidity on the floor).

Note that both the conventional method and the method of the present invention were operated from 6 a.m. to 10 a.m. to prevent noise pollution.

Looking at Figures 4 (A) and (B) above, in an environment with approximately the same above-floor humidity, the method of the present invention in the case of Figure 4 (A) has an average under-floor humidity of 85.2% on the first day. The average underfloor humidity after the 2nd day: 75.1%, while the conventional method is the same on the first day: 90.0%, and after the 2nd day: 8
In the case of FIG. 4(B), the average underfloor humidity of the method of the present invention is 85.2%, whereas the average underfloor humidity of the conventional method is 90.0%, and the method of the present invention has an average underfloor humidity of 90.0%. There is a significant difference in humidity of about 5% lower compared to conventional means, and regardless of weather differences between rainy and sunny days and weather changes, the underfloor humidity is significantly lowered and the underfloor cavity is maintained in a good dry state. That is clear.

Furthermore, compared to the rise in underfloor humidity during the night from dawn until dawn, when forced ventilation stops, the humidity level rises within a few hours in the case of conventional means.

%, whereas in the case of the present invention, the recovery speed is extremely slow, and it is clear that considerably low humidity is maintained until dawn. The small amount of two-way forced ventilation works extremely effectively to dry the underfloor, and the moisture dissipation and drying of the entire underfloor area such as the soil surface under the floor, floor walls, floor pillars, etc. is actively carried out, and the soil under the floor and the floor The drying progresses from the surface to the deep part of the underfloor part of the floor pillar and is composted, which has the effect of preventing the underfloor area from becoming humid during nighttime suspension.

Next, FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention,
The fifth illustrated embodiment is a forced ventilation system having the same sensing section 3 and automatic control section 4 as the third illustrated embodiment, in which the outside air humidity sensor 3D of the sensing section 3 and the operation of the blower fan 5 and the exhaust fan 6 are operated. A timer 8B is added, and for example, when there is abnormal dryness in spring or autumn, the operation timer 8B is activated to control the operating time of the blower fan 5, etc., and prevent abnormal dryness under the floor.

During the stable weather period in summer and winter, depending on the building's environmental conditions, ventilation flow times from the "south side to the north side" and "north side to the south side" may be intentionally adjusted, or the two-way ventilation flow may be controlled programmatically. It is now possible to adopt a variety of ventilation methods that correspond to specific conditions and the four seasons.

Furthermore, as another embodiment of the forced ventilation method of the present invention, 1
Although not shown, the above-mentioned effect can be further improved by providing the blowing fan 5 with a moisture absorbing part filled with activated carbon or a heating part using a heating lamp or the like to dehumidify or heat the outside air blown into the underfloor area. .

The values sensed by the above-mentioned sensing unit 3 and the control program of the automatic control unit 4 are set and changed depending on the conditions of the building where underfloor ventilation is performed, changes in the four seasons, weather conditions between high and low temperatures, rainy and dry seasons, etc. It is something.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the underfloor forced ventilation method of the present invention has the following effects:
It has outstanding underfloor ventilation performance and is especially suitable for underfloor ventilation of wooden buildings.It maintains the underfloor in a good dry condition, prevents high humidity, and prevents the occurrence of harmful animals and corrosion deterioration of buildings. However, it has a great effect on improving the living environment of residents.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows a basic conceptual diagram of the forced ventilation method of the present invention;
A) is a plan view showing the basic layout, (B) is a basic configuration circuit diagram, FIGS. 2(A) and (B) are layout plan views of other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. A) showing an example is its circuit diagram, (B) is a configuration diagram of its sensing section, and Fig. 4 (A) (
B): Fig. 3 Comparison diagram of the operation and effect of the embodiment and the conventional means, Fig. 5: Circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention Main symbols: 2: Ventilation window, 3: Sensing section ,3A
~3D: Sensor, 4: Automatic control unit, 5: Blower fan, 6
: Exhaust fan, 8A8B : Operation timer

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Ventilation windows are installed in the under-floor frame of an enclosed building, and in order to ventilate the under-floor air and outside air through the ventilation windows, the ventilation windows are arranged in opposing locations such as on the north and south sides of the under-floor frame. At the same time, a blower fan or a blower fan and an exhaust fan that forcefully blows outside air through the ventilation window is installed, and the blower fan or the blower fan and exhaust fan is designed to maintain the outdoor temperature and light intensity. In addition to providing a sensing section for outdoor conditions such as indoor moisture or outside air humidity, an automatic control circuit that controls rotation selection and starting/stopping of the blower or exhaust fan based on the sensing signal from the sensing section is installed to detect changes in outdoor conditions. Based on this, the blowing and exhausting direction of outside air suitable for underfloor drying is automatically controlled, and two types of forced airflows with opposing airflow directions are alternately generated between opposing ventilation windows for underfloor ventilation. A method of forced ventilation under the floor.