JPH02128622A - Molded material for plant culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title material having excellent water retention characteristics, porosity, base substitution properties, etc., showing highest growing properties by molding a blend of a fibrous material and soil or a soil granulated material comprising soil and the fibrous material. CONSTITUTION:For example, two or more kinds of ground screened soil such as mountain soil or volcanic ash soil are optionally blended with a fertilizer component, pH adjustor, water-soluble polymer (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol), made into a soil granulated material having 0. 5-4mm granule diameter, which is uniformly blended with a fibrous material (e.g., rock wool or peat-moss) having 0. 1-20mm fiber length, incorporated with a thermosetting binder and hot-pressed into a mat state, pillar state, etc., depending upon purposes of use to give the aimed material of composite molded article. The ratio of the soil granulated material and the fibrous material is preferably 60-75wt.% soil based on the composite molded article.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to molding materials for plant cultivation. Specifically, the present invention relates to a plant cultivation material made of a composite molded body of a fibrous material and soil.

Conventional technology Soil-based materials have been used since ancient times as a medium for raising seedlings of rice, flower petals, vegetables, etc., and for cultivating various garden plants. New materials, including inorganic fibers, are also being put into practical use. Synthetic polymer materials such as polyester fibers are also being considered for use in acclimatizing group #a cultured seedlings and for cultivating orchids.

Problem 17 to be Solved by the Invention However, the plant cultivation materials conventionally used each have their own advantages and disadvantages, and do not satisfy all requirements for plant cultivation.

In other words, soil-based materials generally have excellent fertilizer holding capacity and buffering capacity, but depending on the type of soil, one of the properties such as water absorption, water retention, water permeability, and air permeability may not be sufficient or desirable. In general, it is difficult to obtain soil of the same quality. Furthermore, for the acclimation and cultivation of nutrient solution culture and tissue culture bacteria, which have recently been attracting attention, both water absorption and air permeability are insufficient, and the application thereof is extremely limited. Soil also has the disadvantage of being heavy.

On the other hand, fibrous materials such as peat moss and rock wool
Although it is lightweight and can be adjusted to the desired suitability range by adding water absorbing agents and processing techniques such as fiber orientation, it is sensitive to changes in pH and ion concentration because it has a smaller buffering capacity than soil. , they are susceptible to damage due to environmental changes such as temperature, and have poor particle retention ability.Also, peat moss is too acidic, rock wool is alkaline, etc., and the pH is inappropriate as it is, so the application period is narrow. .

Furthermore, synthetic polymeric materials such as polyester fibers have almost no buffering capacity and are therefore only applicable in extremely limited situations.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks when using soil and fibrous materials alone.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to be lightweight, easy to handle, homogeneous, and suitable for a wide range of plant breeding, including seedling raising and cultivation of paddy rice, vegetables, flower petals, ornamental plants, etc., hydroponic cultivation, and acclimatization of tissue TFJ seedling cultivation. Our goal is to provide plant cultivation materials.

Means and action for solving the problems The present inventor focused on combining the excellent cultivability of soil with the ease of forming molded products, and developed products with high buffering capacity, fertilizer retention ability, and pH maintenance ability. We discovered that the above objectives could be achieved by combining soil with excellent elasticity and a fibrous material that is lightweight, highly elastic, and highly shape-retentive, and then granulated the soil and then blended it with the fibrous material and molded it. The invention was completed.

That is, the plant cultivation material of the present invention is a composite molded body of soil and a fibrous material, and comprises #IA fibrous material soil or a mixture of soil and soil granules made of a fibrous material.
It is characterized by being formed into matte, slab, block, column, etc. shapes.

In the present invention, the fibrous materials used as materials include inorganic fibers such as rock wool, sludge wool, and ceramic fibers, plant fibers such as peat moss and cellulose, polyester, and polyacrylate!・MU-like synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol are mentioned, and those having a fiber length of 0.1 to 220 na are used.

The soil, which is the other material, is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that it has a high buffering capacity.
The ion content, pH, electrical conductivity, water retention, and other physical properties are taken into consideration, and the material is selected and used to suit the target cultivated plant.

In addition, in the present invention, the soil contains necessary particles and p.
It can be used in combination with Hg trimming, etc.

In addition, when soil is used as a granulated product of soil alone,
When used as granules made of soil and fibrous materials,
It is preferable to use a mixture of two or more types, for example, mountain soil and volcanic ash soil.

Soil granules are made by adding necessary fertilizer ingredients, pH 181 adjustment, etc. to crushed and sieved soil, or a mixture of the soil and fibrous material, as necessary, and further adding water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl Alcohol as binder and 1. It can be produced by adding it to a particle size of 0.5-4 mm and granulating it to a particle size of 0.5 to 4 mm. -;- In the case of soil granules made of soil and fibrous material, a#f! It is preferable to use a mixture of 2 to 30% by weight, particularly 5 to 20% by weight of the raw materials.

In the present invention, when the soil granules are composed of soil and a fibrous material, the air permeability and water retention of the granules themselves can be increased by mixing the fibrous material with the soil. preferable.

The soil granules described in F are blended with a fibrous material and formed into a mat, slab, block, column, or other shape depending on the purpose of use. This molding can be done by uniformly mixing the soil granules and the fibrous material, adding a thermosetting binder, and heating pressing them into the respective shapes. The proportion of the soil to the raw material is set so that the content of the soil is 50 to 80% by weight, preferably 60 to 75% by weight of the composite molded body. When the soil is contained within the above range, a composite molded product with a bulk density of 200 to -500 kr/ba can be obtained, although it varies depending on the molding conditions.

The plant cultivation material of the present invention is a composite molded product made by first molding soil into granules and then blending it with m-element material, so it can be molded without impairing the high porosity of the fibrous material. The uniformity is also improved.

Example of real luster The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Ammonium sulfate, heavy phosphorus, potassium chloride, nitrogen 0.21%, phosphoric acid 0.35%,
Potassium was added to 0.35%, 20 parts of peat moss passed through a 4wm sieve was mixed, and 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol was added.
%, and granulated in 1 to 4 sizes.

30 parts of rock wool passed through a 4th mesh sieve and 70 parts of the above granulated material were mixed, 2% of phenol resin was added, and the mixture was heated and molded to create a composite molded product having a bulk density of 280 yt/rd. The obtained composite molded body was heated to 58 m
C! It was cut into a mat shape of 1 x 213cz x 1, 8 (2).

The pl+ of the resulting mat was 4.9, with 1 nitrogen per mat.
．． 2g, phosphoric acid 2. , and potassium 21r.

Seed this pine l- as a seed bed in a seedling nursery box, water thoroughly, add 200 seeds of germinated paddy and 17 m seeds, further water, level the paddy, and cover with granular culture soil aOOIr mixed with paddy i-1 at 32°C. The seeds were placed in a germinator set for 2 days to germinate, and then grown for 21 days.

For comparison, we also conducted all the same cases as in the above example, when commercially available rock wool mats were used as the seeding bed (Comparative Example 1) and when 2 kg of Kumemii granular culture soil was used (Comparative Example 2). The seeds were sown and grown, and the growth conditions were compared.

In either case, no germination failure or uneven growth was observed, and the results of the investigation on the 21st day were as shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 Example 2 Ammonium nitrogen, heavy calcined phosphorus,
Potassium chloride is mixed with 0.1% ammonia nitrogen and 0.1% nitrate nitrogen.
1% phosphoric acid, 0.3% phosphoric acid, and 0.15% potassium, and further mixed with 1.8% magnesium lime, and then added an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution so that the solid content was 1%. 1
Granulate to ~3.5+m. Mix 30 parts of peat moss passed through a No. 4 sieve and 10 parts of Ichijiki soybean powder, add 2% phenol resin and heat-form it to give a bulk density of 360 kg.
/rr? A composite molded body was created. The obtained composite molded body was cut into a cube shape of 50n+m x 501m x 50+++y+, and a hole for seeding was made in the center to create a cube-shaped block.

Fifty-five of the obtained cube-shaped blocks were arranged in a wood-killed seedling-growing box, one seed of Toma 11 was sown, the soil was covered with commercially available granular horticultural soil, and the blocks were sufficiently watered and managed in a plastic greenhouse.

Similarly, 91 pots were grown in commercially available granular horticultural soil as a comparative example. (Comparative Example 3) The growth status of these plants on the 38th day was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2.

The seedlings grown in the 5-cubic blocks of Example 2 are those of Comparative Example 3.
The growth was equivalent to or better than that of 91 pot seedlings. f11 type 7
After a few days, the germination of Example 2 was 98.4%, and the germination of Comparative Example 3 was 97.8%.

Table 2 Example 3 70 parts of soil pulverized and sieved to a size of 0°4 or less and 30 parts of peat moss passed through a 41 ul sieve were mixed and mixed with polyvinyl alcohol water. Add 8 liquids so that the solid content is 1%,
It was granulated in the city. 4 30 parts of rock wool passed through a city sieve,
Mix 65 parts of the above granules with 3 parts of 1-denier polyvinyl alcohol fiber cut into approximately 7 pieces and 2 parts of super absorbent resin, add 2% of phenolic resin, and heat-form into a cylinder with a diameter of 12 cm. and cut into 30 cm pieces. The resulting composite molded body can be planted with ornamental plants and flowers on the entire outer wall surface, or directly sown using seed tape, etc., and can be cultivated as a green interior in hanging or stand formats. It was suitable as a material.

Effects of the Invention Since the plant cultivation material of the present invention is a composite molded body having the above-mentioned configuration, it maintains the high porosity and good uniformity of the m-element material, and has the same properties as soil and fibrous materials. The water retention of the composite molded body depends on the selection, combination, and overall molding process.
Physicochemical properties such as porosity, base substitution, pH, nutrients, etc.
It is possible to adjust the conditions optimally according to the target plant and cultivation environment, and it is possible to exhibit the best growth performance.

Moreover, by devising the shape, the molded product itself can have interior value, and is useful as an indoor gardening material.

Patent Applicant Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Watanabe Group Procedural Amendment (Voluntary) July 10, 1999 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Yoshi [! [Bun Yi], Indication of the case 1988 Patent Application No. 2793M 2, Name of the invention Molding material for plant cultivation 3, Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant representative 4, Agent address 101 Sakidama Shunbetsu 1-chome, Kami Lfl Nishikicho, Chiyo III-ku, Tokyo] - 18-5, Column 6 of "Detailed Description of the Invention" of the specification, contents of the amendment "Insert the following sentence.

In the Examples, "parts" means parts by weight, and "%" means % by weight. (2) ``Table 1'' under the 7th line on page 8 is amended as follows.

Table 1, Table 2 (3) The following amendments have been made to "Table 2" at the top of page 10 of the same table.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A composite molded body of a fibrous material and soil, the composite molded body being formed by molding a mixture of the fibrous material and soil or soil granules made of the soil and the fibrous material. A plant cultivation material characterized by: