JPH02109923A - Seed weed culture and seaweed culture tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve germination ratio and to obtain a seaweed culture tool having excellent rooting by piling an inorganic fiber mat on the upper layer of void-containing bulky aggregate layer of inorganic fiber, sowing seed of seaweed in the mat layer and sandwiching the mat in between netlike materials. CONSTITUTION:An inorganic fiber mat layer 4 equipped with bland pipe holes 5 for containing a proper number of seeds is piled on a void-containing bulky aggregate layer 6 comprising asbestos, rock wool or glass wool optionally subjected to ridging treatment. Then seeds 7 of seaweeds such as ellgrass are sowed in the blind pipe holes 5, the blind pipe holes 5 are packed with an inorganic fiber bulky material 8 for preventing the seeds from being washed away to give a piled shaped material for seaweed culture, which is sandwiched in between a casing frame having stretched netlike materials 3a and 3b at the top and the bottom open faces to give a seaweed culture tool. The seaweed culture tool is laid on the bottom of the sea while setting the void-containing bulky material layer 6 of inorganic fiber as the lower layer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a seaweed cultivation method and a seaweed cultivation tool in the fisheries industry.

[Prior Art] As is well known, many types of animals such as fish, molluscs, and crustaceans that live in the ocean grow by spending their childhood in areas where seagrass grows in the coastal waters.

Incidentally, in recent years, in addition to changes in the natural environment, seaweed species have been decreasing due to numerous human-induced environmental changes such as the construction of ports and bridges in coastal waters and other large-scale civil engineering works, as well as the inflow of polluted water and warm water from land. As concerns about the impact on the fishing industry began to be felt, attempts were made to artificially cultivate and cultivate seaweeds. The method of introducing seeds from a ship into a designated area at the appropriate time has been adopted, but there is a problem in that the germination rate is extremely low.

In addition, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional views of Figures 5 and 6, there is a method in which seeds C are inserted into a perforated bag filled with sand a and then seated on the seabed d (hereinafter referred to as method A), and a concrete ring e. In addition to the method of filling sand A and embedding seeds C (hereinafter referred to as method B), there is a method of transplanting the germinated bodies of flax (hereinafter referred to as method C).
method) is being tried.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Methods A and B have extremely low germination rates due to sand being washed away by undersea currents or seeds being scattered and scattered, and method C is extremely expensive, so in any case, it is not possible. However, there is a problem in that it is extremely difficult to cultivate a large air mamo field.

Therefore, the present inventor proposed a method in which seaweed seeds are first held in inorganic fibers that are cultured or not treated as cultured soil, and then the inorganic fibers are seated on the seabed, and a frame shape that encompasses the inorganic fibers and is seated on the seabed. We have developed and applied for a seaweed cultivation tool consisting of bodies.

The second method can be laid on the desired seabed by diving or dropping from the sea, has a good germination rate, and is an extremely effective method for growing eelgrass.

However, in the above method, depending on the geological condition of the seabed, it may be difficult to penetrate the sand and mud of the seabed, although the reason is not clear.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a cultivation tool for cultivating seaweed that has a high germination rate and good rooting.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the objectives, the present invention has the following features:
The gist is the means described in sections a and b below.

a. Overlaying an inorganic fiber mat layer having a predetermined number of blind tube holes for seed inclusion on the gap-like aggregate layer of inorganic fibers, and then sowing seaweed seeds in the blind tube holes for seed inclusion,
A multilayer molded body for cultivating seaweed is constructed by filling the blind tube hole for seed inclusion with inorganic fiber aggregates for preventing runoff, and the multilayer molded body for cultivating seaweed is further arranged in a picture frame having a net-like body stretched over the upper and lower open surfaces. A method for cultivating seaweed, in which a seaweed cultivation tool, which is held between a shaped frame body, is seated on the seabed with the porous aggregate layer of inorganic fibers as a lower layer.

b. A multilayer molded body for cultivating seaweed consisting of an inorganic fiber mat layer in which the lower layer is a porous aggregate of inorganic fibers and the upper layer has a predetermined number of blind tube holes for seed inclusion, and a net-like structure stretched over the upper and lower open surfaces. 1. A seaweed cultivation tool comprising a frame-like frame body which has a frame body and holds the multilayer molded body for seaweed cultivation between the stretched net-like bodies.

(Function) In the present invention, since the porous aggregate layer of inorganic fibers is used as the lower layer, there is little resistance to the growth of eelgrass roots.

Further, an inorganic fiber mat layer having a predetermined number of blind tube holes for seed inclusion is layered on the gap-like aggregate layer, and then seaweed seeds are sown in the blind tube holes for seed inclusion, and then the seeds are seeded. Since the inclusion blind tube hole is filled with inorganic fiber aggregates to prevent washing away to form a multi-layer molded body for cultivating seaweed, there is no washing away of eelgrass seeds, and the resistance to germination of eelgrass is low, so the germination rate is high. The growth rate of flax will improve.

In addition, a multi-layered molded body for seaweed cultivation consisting of an inorganic fiber mat layer in which the lower layer is a porous mass aggregate layer of inorganic fibers and the upper layer has a predetermined number of blind tube holes for seed inclusion, and a net-like body stretched over the upper and lower open surfaces. When using a seaweed cultivation tool comprising a frame-like frame body that sandwiches the multilayer molded body for seaweed cultivation between the stretched net-like bodies, the seed retaining effect of the multilayer molded body for seaweed cultivation is high, There is no risk of dispersion, and the stretched net does not hinder germination, so flax grows well.In addition, the frame-like frame blends well with the sand and mud of the sea floor, so it has excellent fixation properties. , there is no need to worry about dissipation due to undersea currents, and a vast underwater forest can be grown at low cost.

〔Example〕

1 and 2 are a schematic plan view and a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a seaweed cultivation tool I according to the present invention, in which an upper net-like structure is provided on the open upper and lower surfaces of the steel frame-like frame 2, respectively. 3a, and a lower net-like body 3b is stretched.

Reference numeral 4 denotes an inorganic fiber mat layer having a predetermined number of blind tube holes 5 for containing seeds, and is composed of an inorganic fiber mat layer of asbestos, slag wool, rock wool, glass wool, ceramic wool, or the like.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a porous mass aggregate layer of inorganic fibers, which is made of inorganic fibers such as asbestos, slag wool, rock wool, glass wool, or ceramic wool, like the inorganic fiber cloak layer 5, and usually has an irregular shape of 20 to 60 mm. It is constructed by assembling the bulky bodies into a layered body so that a gap of about 0.1 to 0.31111 is created between each other.

The inorganic fiber mantle layer 4 and the porous aggregate layer 6 may be either treated with soil cultivation or not treated with soil cultivation.

However, in the present invention, the soil that is not subjected to cultivation treatment is
Inorganic fibers that are usually used for heat retention, cold retention, fire resistance, and insulation are hardened with an appropriate binder, such as an adhesive resin such as phenol resin, or an inorganic adhesive, and are made into molded objects such as mats, sheets, blankets, and blocks. ,
Although inorganic fibers such as asbestos, slag wool, rock wool, glass wool, and ceramic wool inherently differ in strength, they have the property of retaining plant seeds as slow-release fertilizer and soil, so these properties should be actively utilized. It is not used in the sense of eliminating it.

In addition, in the present invention, the cultivation treatment of inorganic fibers refers to a treatment that imparts characteristics suitable for plant growth to the inorganic fibers, such as forming the fibers into a cotton-like shape with a binder or making them contain fertilizing ingredients. This includes processing, etc.

Specifically, ammonium salts of mineral acids such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, etc. are added alone or in combination at 0.1-10%.

The compounding method is to immerse the salt in an aqueous solution and dry it, or
Spray the aqueous solution or mix the salt powder homogeneously.

When molded, the ammonium salt of the mineral acid is mixed with a binder and the inorganic fiber is molded.

It is recognized that the ammonium salt of the mineral acid has a delayed effect and acts effectively on eelgrass as well.

In addition, since it is preferable that the inorganic fiber according to the present invention retains its shape for 3 to 5 months, the binder may include the above-mentioned phenol resin, melamine resin, urea resin,
Synthetic resin binders such as vinyl acetate resin and polyvinyl alcohol, and natural binders such as starch, glue, gelatin, and casein are used as appropriate, but from the viewpoint of manufacturing costs and work efficiency, phenolic resins, melamine resins, and urea resins are used. An effective method is to spray a thermosetting resin binder such as the like onto inorganic fibers and then heat-form them at a predetermined temperature.

By adding the ammonium salt of the mineral acid, the pH of the inorganic fiber becomes about 4 to 5, which can provide a more favorable environment for plants. Further, fertilizing ingredients such as potash and phosphoric acid may be added to the inorganic fiber together with the ammonium salt of the mineral acid (for example, fertilizers such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, lime superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, etc.) may be added to the inorganic fibers. Blend.

Therefore, in the present invention, it may be desirable to subject the inorganic fibers to hydrophilic treatment.

For example, when eelgrass germinates and grows and reaches a growth period of 1 to 2 years, it is preferable that the inorganic fibers loosen and integrate with the sand and mud, so that growth is not hindered.

However, if it separates too quickly, it is inappropriate for the purpose, so the amount of the binder to be mixed should be selected depending on the conditions of the destination sea area.

The hydrophilic treatment may be carried out using a nonionic surfactant and/or a polyhydric alcohol, but since these treatments are well known, detailed explanations will be omitted.

Now, the above-mentioned PH treatment of inorganic fibers, parent tree treatment,
Addition of fertilizer and molding treatment using a binder are applied to the production of seedling materials for paddy rice, and among these technical means, the most economical means have been put into practical use and the products are commercially available.

For example, Nippon Steel Chemical (2)'s Power Mat (trade name) is a fertilized inorganic fiber, and Nippon Steel Chemical (2) has Nisplan (trade name) as a plant medium.

In the present invention, the Powermat or Nisplan soil (rubbed body) is applied to the porous aggregate layer of inorganic fibers.
was used, and the mat body of Nisplan or Powermat was used as the inorganic fiber mat layer having blind tube holes for seed inclusion.

In another example, using slag wool and rock wool used for 400°C and 600'C refractories,
It was found to be effective for the purpose.

Inorganic fibers include amorphous, polycrystalline, and single-crystalline fibers, and other types of fibers include composite fibers and gold i-fibers, but there are problems in terms of performance and price for the purpose, and amorphous fibers Some slag wool and rock wool are most suitable.

In addition, regarding the physical properties of the inorganic fiber molded product, it is not preferable to have too high a density or a small porosity for the purpose, and the density is about 50 to 100 kg/m and the porosity is about 80 to 97 VOL%. is appropriate, but is not limited to this.

Next, FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the seaweed cultivation tool 1, and as mentioned above, the gap-like aggregate layer 6 does not leak from the lower net-like body 3b, but has sufficient gaps for the roots of flax to grow. The density is as follows.

Next, Figure 4 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view of the seaweed cultivation tool l.
Put the eelgrass seeds 7 into the hole bottom of the blind tube hole 5 for seed inclusion,
Then, a mass of inorganic fibers 8 for preventing run-off, such as rock wool fill, is filled.

Then, when this seaweed cultivation tool 1 is seated on the seabed and the eelgrass is allowed to germinate, the buds begin to grow from the inorganic fiber mass 8 for preventing washout, which has many gaps, and the roots penetrate the thin layer of the inorganic fiber mat layer 4. It extends from the pore-filled aggregate layer 6 to the sandy mud on the ocean floor.

According to the research conducted by the present inventors, when a thick inorganic fiber mat layer 4 is used, the roots are exposed to the resistance of the inorganic fiber mat layer 4 because the inorganic fiber mat layer is structurally an aggregate of fibers extending in the horizontal direction. Stretching less horizontally,
Although there is a tendency for roots to not grow in sand and mud, by configuring the structure of the present invention, roots can extend into sand and mud from the pore-like aggregate layer 6, which has many gaps and has low resistance, as described above. Eventually, the eelgrass that grows over time can grow up to 1.5 meters.

As a seaweed cultivation tool, length 350m, width 250m, thickness 30m
- Upper and lower iron nets are stretched over the frame-like frame made of thin steel plate, and then a multilayer molded body for seaweed cultivation consisting of 10 layers of porous aggregate aggregates and 20 layers of inorganic fiber mat is sandwiched. and achieved the specified objective.

Since the thin steel plate frame-like frame body and the iron upper and lower mesh bodies will oxidize and disappear in the sea, there is no risk of damaging the natural environment.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The method of the present invention has a high ability to retain seaweed seeds and can promote germination and root growth, so it is useful for creating an economical seagrass forest. Good, easy to handle, and has high practical effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are a schematic plan view and a partial schematic sectional view of a seaweed cultivation tool according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the seaweed cultivation tool, and FIG. 4 is a partial cutaway sectional view of the seaweed cultivation tool. , FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating conventional seaweed cultivation tools. [Explanation of symbols] 1・・−・−・−・Seaweed cultivation tool, 2−・−・−・−Frame-shaped frame body, 3a・・−・−・Upper mesh body, 3b・・−・−
...-lower reticulated body, 4.--1.. inorganic fiber mat layer,
5...--... Blind tube hole for inclusion of one seed, 6--...
・−・−Gaped aggregate layer, 7−−・−・・Eelgrass seeds, 8・−・−−−−Inorganic fiber aggregate layer for first-class loss prevention Patent attorney Chubu Fujio Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 4

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) After overlaying an inorganic fiber mat layer having a predetermined number of blind tube holes for seed inclusion on the gap-like aggregate layer of inorganic fibers, and then sowing seaweed seeds in the blind tube holes for seed inclusion, A multilayer molded body for cultivating seaweed is constructed by filling the blind tube hole for seed inclusion with inorganic fiber aggregates for preventing runoff, and the multilayer molded body for cultivating seaweed is further arranged in a picture frame having a net-like body stretched over the upper and lower open surfaces. A method for cultivating seaweed, in which a seaweed cultivation tool, which is held between a shaped frame body, is seated on the seabed with the porous aggregate layer of inorganic fibers as a lower layer. (2) A multilayered molded body for seaweed cultivation consisting of an inorganic fiber mat layer in which the lower layer is a porous aggregate of inorganic fibers and the upper layer has a predetermined number of blind tube holes for seed inclusion, and is stretched over the top and bottom open surfaces. A seaweed cultivation tool comprising a frame-like frame body comprising a net-like body and sandwiching the multilayer molded body for seaweed cultivation between the stretched net-like bodies.