JPH02106236A - Numerically controlled machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the numerically controlled work by a side cutter by releasing an end support part ahead by a fluid actuator after the completion of work, exchanging the tool by an automatic tool exchanging device, and then returning the support part to support the tool in the both side holding state. CONSTITUTION:When a tool holder 23 having a side cutter 26 is exchanged by other tools, the circuit is switched by an electromagnetic valve 27 to make the piston 22a of a fluid actuator advance. Then, an end support part 21 is slided to separate a bearing metal 25 from the holder top end shaft part 24, and the bearing metal is retracted to a position having no interference. After the completion of the installation of a new tool to a main shaft head 14, the oil pressure or air source is switched by the electromagnetic valve 27, and the support part 2a is retreated by the actuator 22 to fit the metal 25 of the support part into the holder top end part 24. Thus, the both ends of the holder 23 having the cutter 26 is held between the main shaft head 14 and the metal 25 in the both side holding state. In grinding a work, as the holder top end shaft part 24 is supported by the support part 21 and a holding part 18, the displacement and vibration can be reduced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Applications> The present invention relates to a numerically controlled machine tool such as a machining center, and in particular, to enable automatic tool exchange of a special tool applied to a spindle head and to perform side cutter processing. It has been devised to make it possible.

<Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention> In conventional machining centers, when gripping a tool, the tool is gripped only by the spindle taper, resulting in insufficient rigidity of the spindle and tool holder, and when the tool is protruded for a long time, the side cutter It was impossible to carry out processing. For this reason, end mill processing is generally performed, but there are problems as shown below.

O Tool life is short, efficiency is not improved, and tool costs are high.

0 The tool tip faR is poor and the machined surface has poor flatness (finishing after machining is costly.

Since the cutting speed at the tip of the end mill is zero, the surface roughness is poor, and the workpiece is distorted due to machining heat, resulting in poor accuracy.

It becomes difficult to process difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a numerically controlled machine tool that solves the above problems by enabling numerically controlled machining using side cutters.

Means for Solving the Problems> The structure of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object includes an automatic tool changer, a spindle in which the tool is held, is rotatably supported on the spindle head, and a workpiece is In a numerically controlled machine tool in which the movement of a spindle head relative to an object is numerically controlled, a gripping portion having one end fixed to the spindle head; It is characterized by comprising an end support part having a bearing metal or a bearing outer diameter fitting hole at the front, and a fluid actuator that reciprocates the end support part so as to be parallel to the axis of the main shaft.

<Operation> When machining is completed, the fluid actuator moves the end support part forward relative to the spindle head, and then the automatic tool changer removes the tool from the spindle head and replaces it with a new tool.

Next, the end support section is returned to the rear by the fluid actuator, and one end of the tool and the bearing metal are fitted together to support the tool in a state where it is held on both sides.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is an external view of the numerically controlled machine tool area according to this embodiment, Figure 2 is a detailed diagram of the end support section according to this embodiment, and Figure 3 is a detailed diagram of the end support section according to this embodiment.
The figure is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 2, and Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 2.
! @It is a cross-sectional view.

As shown in these drawings, the numerically controlled machine tool area 10 according to the present embodiment includes a table 12 for testing a workpiece that is placed in one direction horizontal to the bed 11, and a table 12 that is orthogonal to this table 12 and horizontal. a column 13 that reciprocates in the direction;
A spindle head 14 supported vertically with respect to this column 13 so as to be movable up and down, and an automatic tool that automatically supplies one type of tool 15 from a plurality of different types of tools 15 to this spindle head 14. It is equipped with an exchange device 16 and a tool magazine 17 that stores the plurality of tools 15 to be supplied, and is numerically controlled in the three axes of the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction in FIG. It is something.

A gripping member 18 is completely fixed to the spindle head 14, and a tip flange 19 of the gripping member 18 has a guide pin 20 that is slidable into an engagement hole formed in the tip flange 19. An end support part 21 is provided,
A piston tip 22a of the fluid actuator 22 is connected to the end support portion so that the fluid actuator 22 can reciprocate in the direction of the center line of the main shaft.

This end support part 21 is provided with a bearing metal 25 that fits into the tip shaft part 24 of the tool holder 23 of the tool 15 mounted on the spindle head 14. In the state shown by the solid line in FIG. Tool holder 23 with side cutter 26
Both ends are supported by the spindle head 14 and the bearing metal 25. Therefore, when cutting a workpiece using the side cutter 26 of the tool 15 in this state, the tool holder 2
The tip shaft portion 24 of No. 4 is the end support portion 21 and the gripping member 1
8, displacement and vibration are reduced.

When replacing the tool holder 23 with the side cutter 26 with another tool, as shown in FIG. Center left (forward)
let As a result, the end support portion 21 slides to the position shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, and as a result, the tool holder 2
The bearing metal 25 is separated from the tip shaft portion 24 of the tool holder 23, and the tool holder 23 is retracted to a position where there is no interference even if the tool holder 23 is pulled out from the main shaft [14]. In this state, the automatic tool changer 16 grips the tool holder 23 and automatic tool change operation becomes possible.

As shown in FIG. 2, the gripping member 18 has a shape that does not interfere with the automatic tool changer even when the automatic tool changer moves on the arm rotation locus while gripping the tool 15 during tool exchange.

After that, when a new tool is completely installed on the spindle head 14 through automatic tool exchange work, the hydraulic or air source is switched again using the solenoid valve 27, and the end support part 21 is moved to the right (backward) in the figure using the fluid actuator 22. The bearing metal 25 of the end support part 21 is connected to the tip part 24 of the tool holder 23.
This means that another machining operation can be performed again.

Further, the ``iA'' operation after the end support section 21 moves forward is automatically performed by a tool exchange command or another command from the numerical control device.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above in detail with the embodiments, numerical control work 81 of the present invention! This makes it possible to replace part of the area that conventionally required end mill processing with side cutter processing, resulting in the following improvement effects.

0 Tool life can be extended, productivity can be improved, and the number of tools can be reduced.

0 Improved surface roughness and machining accuracy.

This makes it easier to process difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium and Inconel that require low-speed, strong cutting.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an external diagram of numerical control work CI reduction according to this embodiment,
Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the end support part according to this embodiment, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the A-A K% line in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in Fig. 2; In the drawing, 10 is a numerically controlled machine tool, 14 is a spindle head, 15 is a tool, 16 is an automatic tool changer, 18 is a gripping member, 21 is an end support part, 22 is a fluid actuator, 25 is a bearing metal, 26 is a It is a side cutter ◇ Patent application Mitsubishi Heavy Industries agent

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a numerically controlled machine tool that is equipped with an automatic tool changer, a spindle in which the tool is held is rotatably supported on the spindle head, and movement of the spindle head with respect to the workpiece is numerically controlled. a gripping part to which is fixed; an end support part gripped by the other end of the gripping part and having a bearing metal or a bearing outer diameter fitting hole in the front coaxially with the axis of the main shaft; A numerically controlled machine tool comprising: a fluid actuator that reciprocates parallel to the axis of a main shaft.