JPH02102675A - Emergency exit for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To select upper and lower cover bodies, especially, the lower cover body from both upper and lower floors and to execute opening and closing operation by linking the opening lever of an opening device with the turn of the upper cover body or a pulling-down rod, which is provided in the opening device, selectively operating one of opening lever and pulling-down rod, canceling engagement with a hanging part and opening the lower cover body. CONSTITUTION:An upper cover body 2 and a lower cover body 3 are provided. Then, the upper cover body 2 is centrally supported through a rotary shaft 4 in the upper edge side of one side wall 1a in a frame body 1 and opened in the upper direction side and the lower cover body 3 is centrally supported through a rotary shaft 5 in the lower edge side of another side wall 1b and opened in the lower direction side. In the case of retreating from the upper floor side, namely, the cover is opened from the upper cover body 2 side and opened with the rotary shaft 4 as a center, for an opening device 20 of the lower cover body 3 to be interlocked with this upper cover body 2, an opening link 27 is turned with a central attaching point 24a with an opening lever 24 as a center. In the case of escaping from the just lower floor to the upper floor, when a pulling-down rod 29 is pulled down ward, the opening lever 24 of the opening device 20 is turned in an arrow (e) direction and the engagement between a hook-shaped engaging part 30 and a hanging part 31 is canceled. Then, a lower cover body 3' is opened through a link mechanism in the lower direction side.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention is installed between the slab of a building, especially the floor of a corridor, room, balcony, etc. and the ceiling of the floor directly below, and is used in a building to evacuate to another safe floor in the event of an emergency such as a fire. Regarding the escape exit.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional escape exits for buildings include, for example, the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-13154
As is clear from the disclosure in the publication, an upper cover with a handle is attached to one end of the frame, a lower cover is pivotally attached to the lower end of the frame, and the upper and lower covers are attached to the left and right sides of the frame. The upper and lower floors are connected by an arc-shaped link that is rotatably attached to the upper and lower floors.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, conventional escape exits for buildings are arranged so that the upper and lower lids are arc-shaped links so that the weight of the lower lid is not applied in the opening direction, and that almost no downward rotational force is generated from the arc-shaped links. Although it is possible to open the lower lid in conjunction with opening the upper lid, it is virtually impossible to open the lower lid alone, and these escape exits cannot be accessed from the lower floor. could not be used. Therefore, in the event of an emergency, there is a drawback that evacuation to the upper floor side and the fire brigade cannot use this type of exit from the lower floor to the upper floor to extinguish a fire. In addition, since it can only be opened and closed from the upper floor, daily inspections and cleanup after evacuation drills are troublesome. Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to provide a doorway for buildings that can selectively open and close the upper and lower footwear bodies, especially the lower lid body, from both the upper and lower floors, and that can independently open and close not only the upper lid body but also the lower fluid. It is intended to provide an outlet.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the escape exit for a building according to the present invention has a hook-shaped engagement part formed on the frame body constituting the escape exit door, which detachably engages with the hook part provided on the lower lid body. A release device having a release lever is provided, and the release lever of this release device is connected to the rotation of the top cover body, or is connected to a pull-down lever provided on the release device to selectively operate one of them. Then, the lower lid body is opened by releasing the engagement with the hook part.

[For production]

According to the building escape exit of the present invention having such a configuration, the opening device engages and disengages the hook portion provided on the lower lid body and the hook-shaped engagement portion provided on the frame body by operating the release lever. Since the lower lid can be opened and closed by opening and closing the lower lid, you can either open the two lids from the upper floor or pull down the lever from the lower floor to release its engagement and open and close the upper and lower floors. The lower lid can be opened from any direction.

【Example】

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the overall outline of the escape exit IO, where A is a slab forming the veranda of a building, and a communicating entrance is opened between the floor surface B and the ceiling surface C directly below the back surface thereof. E is a fixed ramp attached to the wall, and in an emergency, after opening the escape exit IO, the person passes through it to get to the upper or lower floor. The escape port 10, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4,
A rectangular frame 1 and an upper lid 2 that is pivotally supported on the upper end side of one side wall 1a of the frame 1 via a rotating shaft 4 and that can be opened upward.
, a lower lid 3 which is pivotally supported via a rotating shaft 5 on the lower end side of the other side wall 1b opposite to the one side wall 1a on which the upper lid 2 is pivotally supported, and which can be opened downward; The opening device 20 for the lower lid body 3 is operated in response to the opening of the lower lid body 2 or by the operation of a pull-down lever 29 suspended below the lower lid body 3; Upper lid body 2 opened in a shape
The upper lid fixing device 40 maintains the open position, and the lower lid fixing device 50 prevents the lower lid 3, which is opened substantially vertically downward, from swinging in the closing direction. . The escape port IO is fixed by an anchor 6 by inserting its frame I into the communication port, and during evacuation, the escape port 1
0, the upper and lower lids 2.3 are opened, and the handle 2a provided on the inner surface of the upper lid 2 and the footrest lc provided on the frame 1.
The fixed ramp E and the trap are used to escape by passing from the upper floor to the lower floor or vice versa. In addition to the fixed ramp E, evacuation means such as a folding ladder or an extendable ladder can be installed inside the escape exit lc and used by being extended and lowered during use. The opening device 20 for the lower lid body 3, which responds to the opening of the upper fluid 2 and is operated by one of the pull-down levers 29 suspended below the lower lid body 3, is shown in FIGS. 5 to 1O. As shown, the upper lid body 2 is pivotally supported and is always biased in a predetermined direction via a spring 23 to a lever receiver 22 fixed to a bracket 21 provided approximately in the center of one side wall 1a of the filter frame l. A release lever 2 that is pivoted and has a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the side
4, a cam plate 26 having a substantially crank-shaped elongated hole 25 provided in the upper lid body 2; Open link 2 that is slidably pivoted in the long hole 25 of
7 and is suspended from a receiving portion 28 provided on the frame l side slightly toward the center of the release lever 24, and is inserted through the gap between the lower lid body 3 and the frame body 1 and suspended from the floor directly below. Pulling rod 29
and a hook portion 31 that is removably engaged with a hook-shaped engagement portion 30 provided on the lower end of the release lever 24 and provided on the lower lid body 3. The release lever 24 is pivoted and biased by a spring 23 in the direction of arrow d in FIG. By pulling down the pull-down lever 29, which is suspended in the opposite direction, it rotates in the direction of arrow e in FIG. The engagement with the provided hook portion 31 is released. Furthermore, when the release link 27 is lifted and the pull-down lever 29 is released, the release lever 24 is rotated in the direction of arrow d by the spring 23 and engages the hook portion 31 provided on the lower lid body 3 with the hook-shaped engagement portion. automatically returns to the engaged position. Note that the purpose of the pull-down lever 29 can also be replaced by a chain, wire, lever, etc.
You can hang it all the way to the bottom of the stairs, or you can set it short enough that you can reach it when you go up the ramp. The top lid fixing device 40 that maintains the open position when the top lid 2 is opened has one end attached to a hinge receiver 41 provided on both sides of the inner surface of the top lid 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. A first link 42 is pivotally supported, one end of which is pivotally supported by a pin 43 on the other end of the first link 42, and a corresponding frame l.
and a second link 45 whose other end is pivotally supported by a support shaft 44 formed in a curved shape on the inner wall of the upper lid. When the second link 45 is expanded linearly, the stopper 46 provided on the second link 45 comes into contact with the upper edge of the first link 42, preventing further rotation of the upper lid body 2 or rotation in the closing direction. This prevents movement and maintains the open position. Further, a lower lid fixing device 50 that prevents the lower lid body 3, which is opened substantially vertically downward, from swinging in the closing direction, is provided with a lower lid fixing device 50, which prevents the lower lid body 3 from swinging in the closing direction. a first link 51a whose one end is pivoted to the frame l for opening the lid;
One end is pivotally connected to the other end of the first link 51a, and the other end is pivotally connected to a lower lid body adjustment lever 51b installed on the lower lid body 3 to absorb its deformation and dimensional error. A rotation locking piece 53 in the form of a strip, which is provided in the link mechanism 51 consisting of two links 51c, is pivotally attached to the frame l so as to be rotatable toward its upper end, and has a notch 52 at its lower end. and a contact part 54 which is provided on the slightly root side of the second link 51c of the link mechanism 51, that is, on the side of the lower lid adjusting lever 5Ib, and has a contact part 54 at its tip that abuts and engages with the notch part 52. It is formed from a contact piece 55. In the lower lid fixing device 50, when the lower lid 3 is opened downward, the contact piece 55 is pivoted to the frame 1 as the second link 51c of the link mechanism 51 moves. The contact portion 54 of the abutment piece 55 is moved toward the rotation locking piece 53 side at the open end of the lower lid body 3, and the contact portion 54 of the contact piece 55 touches the notch 5 of the rotation locking piece 53.
2 (see Fig. 12), the link mechanism 51, especially the second link 51c, is prevented from moving further upwards, and the swinging of the lower lid body 3 in the closing direction is prevented, so that during evacuation The effective opening of the escape port IO can be maintained. Further, when closing the lower lid body 3 from the approximately vertical open state, the rotary locking piece 53 that is in contact with the abutment piece 55 is manually rotated clockwise, as shown in FIG. The position indicated by the chain line,
That is, the side edge opposite to the notch 52 is the abutting portion 54.
The link mechanism 51 is disengaged from the rotation locking piece 53 to return the link mechanism 51 to its movable state. Next, when the lower lid body 3 is closed, the contact portion 54 of the contact piece 55 provided on the second link 51c rotates the rotation locking piece 53 counterclockwise and lifts it up. As shown in FIG. 13, it automatically separates from the contact portion 54 just before closing, rotates back to the position shown in FIG. 11, and comes to rest. The operating state of the opening/closing lid of the building escape exit according to the present invention will be described below. In case of evacuation from the upper floor side, that is, when opening the lid from the upper lid body 2 side, when the upper lid body 2 is opened around the rotating shaft 4, the lower lid body 3 linked with this upper lid body 2 is opened. The device 20 has a distal end pivotally mounted in which the opening link 27 is rotated around a pivot point 24a with the opening lever 24 and is pivotally connected to a long hole 25 of a cam plate 26 provided in the upper lid body 2. The portion 27a is moved along the elongated hole 25 (the state shown in FIG. 7). Immediately before the lid 2 is opened, that is, when it is opened in a substantially vertical state (the state shown in FIG. 8), the tip pivot portion 27a of the opening link 27 is positioned at the bent portion 25a of the elongated hole 25, and the lid is opened. By pulling up the link 27 in the direction of the arrow, the release lever 24 is rotated in the direction of the arrow e about the pivot 24b, and the hook-shaped engaging part 30 provided on the lower end side and the lower lid body 3 are connected to each other. The engagement with the hook portion 31 is released. The disengaged lower lid body 3 is opened downward via the link machine +M51.
be done. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, the opening speed of the lower lid body 3 is controlled to be constant by providing a damper 8 between it and the frame l. Further, at the open end, the lower lid body 3 is connected to the link mechanism 5.
The lower lid body fixing device 50 provided in the lower lid fixing device 50 is activated, and its abutment piece 55 engages with the rotation locking piece 53, thereby preventing the lower lid body fixing device 50 from swinging in the closing direction. The escape port IO opened in this way is secured by the handle 2a provided on the top lid 2 and the frame, since the top lid 2 is maintained in its approximately vertical open position by the top lid fixing device 40. You can grab the footrest lc on the side of your body 1 and safely escape to the floor directly below. Furthermore, if operations from the lower floor are required, such as when evacuating from the floor directly below to the upper floor or when moving for firefighting activities, the Strongly pull down the pull rod 29 hanging on the floor side downward (in the direction of arrow i). When the pull-down lever 29 is pulled downward, the release lever 24 of the release device 20 rotates in the direction of the arrow e, the hook-shaped engagement portion 30 and the hook portion 3I are disengaged, and the lower lid body 3 is released from the link mechanism. 51
The lid is opened downward through the After the lower lid body 3 is opened, it ascends along the fixed ramp E, and the upper lid body 2 is pushed up from the back side to open it, and is erected and fixed in a substantially vertical state by the upper lid body fixing device-10. In this way, the two lower lid bodies 2.3 are opened, and the open state of each is maintained in the same way as the above-mentioned operation on the upper floor side, so grab the footrest 10 and the handrest 2a and move to the upper floor. can do. Next, a procedure for closing the upper fluid 2 and the lower lid 3 will be described. In this lid closing, first, as shown in FIG. 12, the rotation locking piece 53 of the lower lid body fixing device 50 is in a state where the abutment piece 55 and the rotation locking piece 53 are locked. Because there are
Rotation locking piece 53 is manually rotated clockwise as shown by arrow g to remove contact with abutting portion 54 of abutting piece 55, allowing link mechanism 51 to move freely. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the tip pivot portion 27a of the release link 27 located at the bent portion 25a of the elongated hole 25 formed in the cam plate 26 of the upper lid body 2 is manually adjusted. Terminal part 25b
By dropping the release lever 24 into the pivot 24
The hook-shaped engaging portion 30 is returned to the engagement position with the hook portion 31 of the lower lid body 3 by rotating downward (in the direction of the arrow d) about b. After setting the upper lid fixing device 40 and the lower lid fixing device 50 as described above, the upper and lower A
When closing the body 23, insert the separately prepared pull frame 7 downward from the opening of the frame I (see Fig. 2), and attach the hook part 31 of the lower cover body 3 to the hook part 7a at its tip. hook and pull it upwards. The lower lid body 3 has the hook portion 31 in contact with an inclined surface continuous from the lower end edge 24c of the release lever 24 to the hook-shaped engaging portion 30 at the closed end, and further resists the force of the spring 23 to bring the hook portion 31 into contact with the lower end edge 31.
4c in the direction of arrow e to engage the hook-shaped locking part 30,
The lid is fixed to the lower edge of the frame I. Next, the first link 42 and the second link of the upper lid body fixing device 40 that fixes the upper lid body 2 are connected.
An initial external force in the closing direction is applied from below to the pin 43 so that the link 45 forms an inverted V shape, and the upper fluid 2 is pressed toward the upper edge of the frame 1. Further, the procedure for closing the upper and lower lid bodies 2.3 by operation from the lower floor is to close the upper lid body 2 in advance and then close the upper fluid 3. The operating procedure is the same as the operation from the upper floor, except that the lower lid body 3 is pushed up from the lower floor.

【Effect of the invention】

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces various effects described below. In the building escape exit according to the present invention, the lower lid can be opened in conjunction with the opening of the upper lid, or the lower lid can be opened by pulling down the lever from the lower floor. In addition, the upper and lower lids can be opened and closed separately, so there is no restriction on the direction of escape during evacuation, and the cleanup after closing the upper and lower lids is facilitated. In addition, since the upper lid body is reliably held in an open position by the upper lid body fixing device, the handle provided therein can be safely used during evacuation, making it easier to escape in an emergency. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various effective changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a detailed explanatory side view of the invention, and Fig. 3 is a 1--
4 is a partially cutaway plan view of the escape port, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the main parts of the opening device, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view showing the opening device. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the - shore line in Figures 3 and 6, Figures 8 to 10 are schematic diagrams showing the operating mode of the opening device, and Figures 1I to 13 are the lower lid body. FIG. 14 is a side view showing essential parts of the fixing device; FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 13; A...Slab D...Communication port l...Frame 2...
Upper lid body 3...Lower lid body lO...
・・Escape port 20・・Opening device 29・
... Draw rod patent applicant Naka Technological Institute Co., Ltd. Figure 4 = = JE Figure 4 Figure 4c Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 4c Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] A communication port is opened in a slab that partitions the upper and lower floors, and a frame body, an upper lid body that is pivoted on one side wall of the frame body and opens upward, and a relative of the frame body. The escape port has a lower lid that is pivoted to the opposite wall side and opens downward, and the escape port has the frame inside the communication opening, and the escape port has an opening between the upper lid and the lower lid. is equipped with an opening device that responds to the opening of the upper lid body and opens the lower lid body by operating a pull-down lever suspended below the lower lid body at one end thereof,
An escape exit for a building, characterized in that the lower lid is opened by selectively operating either the upper lid or a hanging lever.