JPH02101802A - Planer antenna and manufacture of planer antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the effect of undesired radiation by placing a spherical body whose surface is at least made of a conductor so as to surround the radiation element. CONSTITUTION:A slot 20 is formed to a substrate 1, a conductor 19 is formed to a lower face and a radiation element 21 and a feeder 22 feeding the element 21 are formed to the base 9. Moreover, plural conductor balls 23 are in contact so as to surround the radiation element 21. The plural conductor balls are in contact even at the lower face similarly. Conductor balls 60, 61 are in contact with conductors 19, 18. Since an electric wall is formed by the conductor 19, the conductor ball 60, the base 9, the conductor ball 61 and the conductor 18, the effect of undesired radiation on other radiation element and the feeder is relieved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention provides a slit-shaped planar antenna and a planar antenna having a nine-microstrisive circuit configuration that reduces unstable radiation and is suitable for mass production. Regarding the manufacturing method.

(Prior art) Recently, geostationary satellites (36,000 km above the equator)
Nine satellite broadcasts using the HF band (12 GHz band), satellite communications using multipurpose communication satellites, etc. have been put into practical use.

In order to receive radio waves (microwaves) transmitted by satellites, flat antennas that can be easily installed on a 1m root or wall are attracting attention.

As such a planar antenna, a so-called microstrisive type antenna is widely used in the world, in which a radiating element or an array antenna consisting of a large number of radiating elements arranged together with a power supply are provided on a dielectric substrate or a dielectric film. ing.

The radiating elements of this array antenna include rectangular and circular slots called slot antennas, such as dipoles, rectangular patch antennas, and circular patch antennas.

Both are excellent RTE radiating elements. Among these, slot-shaped radiating elements are generally used.

The structure of the slotted planar antenna differs depending on the feed line method, but the triplate method with less transmission loss is
It is suitable for planar antennas and is used as a nine-feed structure.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a planar antenna using the triplate method. This shows only one radiating element of the planar antenna.

As shown in the figure, the first board 321 is connected to the slot 3.
0 and a conductor 33 is formed on the lower surface. Second substrate 35
, there is a radiating element 31 and a ninth feeder line 34 that feeds it.
is formed. Also, a conductor 36 is formed on the upper surface of the third substrate 37. The structure is such that the second substrate 35 is sandwiched between the first substrate 32 and the third substrate 37 in the form of a side switch. Considering the time of transmission, with this triplate planar antenna,
If the electric field distribution appears in a fixed area as shown in B of the same figure, power is supplied to the eight power supply lines 34#.

Electric lines of force 38 and 39 are generated in opposite directions, and the two are balanced, resulting in state t.

Therefore, there is no radiation from the feed fs34 within the region B. Next, let us consider the region A, that is, when radio waves are radiated from the radiating element 31 (a*sloy) 30 which is electromagnetically connected.

Similarly, electric lines of force are generated from the direction of the 30th substrate 37. On the other hand, electric lines of force from the direction of the first substrate 32 are no longer generated because the slot 300 portion is cut out. Due to this Ii@, from the radiating element 31 to the slot 3
Radio waves will be emitted through 0. However, in this part, t5? -The distribution becomes unbalanced. In the vicinity of this slot 30, not all of the electric lines of force become radio waves and are radiated to the outside, but because the electric field distribution is unbalanced, complex modes occur. In particular, as shown in the figure, there is a wave 40 that propagates laterally along the feeder line 34#, which becomes unnecessary radiation and causes disturbance of the excitation distribution of adjacent radiating elements and the feeder line.

Conventionally, as a method to prevent this unnecessary radiation, as shown in Figure 5, a method has been used to erect several thin, cumbersome conductor rods like needles around the area where slots and radiating elements are formed. Good friend. In the same figure (a), the overall view of one radiating element of the planar antenna is shown.

The same figure (b) 1 shows the cross-sectional view along A-8 in the same figure (a). , a t-shaped planar antenna is constructed as shown on the 41st side. Further, conductor rods 45, 46, 47, 48°4 are arranged to surround the radiating element 44.
9.50.51e installation site. Each conductor n45, 46
.

47, 48, 49, 50, and 51 are passed through from the first substrate 41 to the third substrate 43 so that the first substrate 41 and the third substrate 43 are electrically connected. This conductor rod forces an electrical tube around the radiating element.

Mayu, each conductor bar 45, 46, 47° 48.49, 50.
51, the distance between each of them must be set to a length equal to or less than the force v to-off wavelength in order to prevent unnecessary radiation waves 52 from propagating, as shown in the figure (b). As a result, the influence of unnecessary radiation waves is almost eliminated.This is clear from the measurement diagram of the t radiation characteristics shown in Fig. 6. 1. Figure 1 (a) shows the results of installing a conductor bar and placing it horizontally. The same figure (b) shows the results obtained without the conductor rod installed.

With this conductor rod, there is little disturbance in the overall radiation directivity, and in particular, radiation leaking in the lateral direction or the opposite side of the radiation direction is significantly improved. However, according to this experiment, it has been found that the number of conductor rods must be six or more for five radiating elements. A thin and short conductor 11 like this needle! It is difficult to provide a single substrate between the substrates of a planar antenna consisting of hundreds or thousands of radiating elements, and there is a possibility that the antenna will break due to some kind of pressure. 4 呵 44. Since several thousand holes had to be drilled in common on the three boards to allow the conductor to pass through, the fabrication process was complicated and the quantity was limited.9.

(The problem that Iromachi is trying to solve) As mentioned above, in the part of the trigrate lecture where the 7 feeders are sandwiched between the upper and lower conductors in the slot-shaped antenna of the trigrate lecture, Although the lines of electric force are balanced, the balance of the lines of electric force is lost between the slot section and the radiating element, so the inconvenient radiation generated from this will affect the adjacent radiating element and the 4 feed wires. In order to solve this problem, a conventional method has been taken in which a conductor 111 is installed so as to surround each radiating element so that the adjacent radiating elements and feeder lines are not affected by unnecessary radiation. However, this method uses a nine-plane antenna with a large number of antenna elements.

In order to install fine and short conductor rods so as to surround each radiating element, it is necessary to form 4t holes on each board for passing the conductor rods between each radiating element, and to make a precision It requires a long time and the manufacturing process is complicated.

11 Fertility was poor. Also, there is a possibility that the conductor rod may break due to some kind of pressure.

In view of these concerns, the present invention has been made by simply bonding a plurality of spherical bodies whose at least surfaces are made of a conductor so as to surround a radiating element between two substrates. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a diagonal antenna and a planar antenna, which can be easily manufactured without requiring precise processes, can be produced on land, and can reduce the effects of unpleasant radiation. .

[Hakumei's composition]

(81! 0 steps to solve the problem) In order to achieve the above purpose, the first board is formed with a plurality of slots and a conductor on the entire surface, and the second board is formed with a plurality of slots and a conductor on the entire surface. is this multiple slot and '\ti-
A plurality of radiating elements and a feeder line for feeding power to the radiating elements are formed at the positions where the radiating elements are connected, and a conductor is formed on the entire surface of the third substrate. These boards are used as a planar antenna for 11r primary stacking and tri-rate lectures.

On this planar antenna, a plurality of spherical bodies are installed between the first substrate and the second substrate so as to surround each of the plurality of radiating elements. These spherical bodies have at least the surface formed of a conductor, and each has approximately the same size D. Furthermore, a spherical body is similarly installed between the second substrate and the thirtieth substrate at a position opposite to the position where the upper body-like body is installed as described above. It is characterized by having such a configuration.

Finally, the method for manufacturing a planar antenna involves forming a plurality of slots on a #1 adult substrate I, etching a conductor on the entire surface of one side of the substrate, and a radiating plate manufacturing process. A power feed plate for forming a plurality of radiating elements and a power feed line for feeding the radiating elements on a second dielectric substrate. ! At the same time, a plurality of spherical bodies having approximately the same size and having at least the fi plane formed of a conductor are bonded to each other at opposing positions on the front and back surfaces of the second dielectric substrate so as to surround each of the plurality of radiating elements. Spherical body adhesion process and third
A ground conductor plate manufacturing step in which a conductor is formed on the entire one side of the dielectric substrate, and a substrate lamination step in which a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, and a third dielectric substrate are sequentially laminated. It is characterized by:

(Function) This planar antenna has a conductor formed on the first substrate and the third substrate.
With the board of
! It has a trigrate structure sandwiching two substrates on which iI is formed. A slot is formed in the first substrate so that the radiating element is electrically fed.

A spherical body is installed between the first substrate and the third substrate of this planar antenna so as to surround the radiating element,
In addition, a spherical body is also installed in the vertical position facing the light bulb-shaped body, which is installed in the above-mentioned nine positions of the cabinet between the second and third substrates, thereby reducing anxiety radiation.

Also, as a manufacturing method for a flat antenna, unnecessary radiation @
This can be realized by a simple process of gluing the spherical body at the above-mentioned position i on the second substrate in order to reduce the amount of t. An embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention. first,
-ffjl of the method for manufacturing a flat antenna according to the present invention will be explained below. For example, Fu, J [fat? Glass cloth,
The first substrate 1 made of alumina or the like has, but is not limited to, a square hole or slot 2, 3, for example.
, 4, 5, and 6.7, six of which are formed in this one unit. Similarly, one side of the first substrate 10, that is, the lower surface ξζ
A conductor 19 made of copper or the like is etched over the entire surface. A second substrate 9 made of the same material as the first substrate 1 has a radiating element 10.
1.12, 13, 14.15 are formed from φ by etching etc., and this radiation element 10.11.12.13.14゜1
A t feeder line 8 made of the tth conductor that feeds power to the t-th conductor 5 is formed by etching or the like. In addition, when transferring the boards together as described later, the slots 2, 3° 4', 5, 6
, 7 and radiating elements 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 .

14.15 each is 1! These must be formed in such a position that they are magnetically coupled.

A spherical body made of a conductor (hereinafter abbreviated as a conductor sphere) 1
A plurality of substrates 6 are bonded to the upper surface of the second substrate 9 on which the radiating element is formed, for example, with an adhesive having an n1 ratio close to 1. A conductor ball 16 is also attached to the upper surface of the lower surface of the second substrate 9 at a position opposite to the position t, as described above.
Glue a conductor ball similar to the above. Incidentally, this conductor ball 16 is 1
For example, it is made of a light bulb-shaped body made of a material such as glass, and is made by vapor-depositing a conductor such as platinum. Well, this conductor ball 16
For example, if the operating frequency is 1
If it is 0 GHz, hO06 μm is sufficient. By using conductor balls with a size of several millimeters, the substrates are tied together so that there is not much gap at the time of t. At the same time, hundreds or thousands of conductive balls were glued together.
Time' + flat antenna full-heavy stitching! 'i, it becomes relatively suspicious.

When connecting the boards, it is preferable that when the conductor balls are sandwiched between the boards in a V-tee shape, they are in direct contact with the upper and lower boards.

However, the distance between the conductive ball and the upper and lower substrates is several μm.
Even if it is, by applying a thin insulator such as adhesive, etc.
There is no problem as long as it is considered that there is a sufficient connection between them. It is preferable that the distance between the conductor balls be 110 mm without any gaps, and that the conductor balls be adhered so that they are in contact with each other.
If the spacing is at least half or less of the wavelength of the same wave number used in this radiating element, the effect of reducing unnecessary radiation will be greater if the upper direction is set. Next, a third material made of the above-mentioned material
A conductor 1 such as copper is placed on one side of the substrate 170, that is, on the top surface of this bottle stand.
8 is etched on the entire surface. After completing these steps, the nine substrates are sequentially laminated with adhesive or the like.

By using the configuration of the nt planar antenna obtained by the above-described manufacturing method φ, the conductor sphere is bonded by the upper and lower conductors sandwiching the conductor sphere, and the upper and lower conductors are made to have the same potential at the t portion. f) Even if an atmospheric wall is formed and unnecessary radiation is generated, this unnecessary radiation will hardly propagate in the direction of other radiating elements.

Therefore, according to the manufacturing method described above, unnecessary radiation can be reduced through the simple process of bonding the conductive sphere to the board, and the stability of the set time is good by bonding the boards together, and there are no concerns regarding mass production. be suitable.

Next, the configuration will be explained below using the configuration diagram of one radiating element of the fixed planar antenna shown in FIG. In the same figure (a),
A configuration diagram of one radiation filtration component of a planar antenna is shown.

In addition, FIG. 5B shows a cross-sectional view taken along line AB in FIG. As described above, a slot 20 is formed in the first substrate 1, and a conductor 19 is formed as shown in the lower figure. On the second substrate 9, a radiation element 21 and a tth power supply 22 for feeding power to the radiation element 21 are formed by etching or the like. Nine, multiple conductor spheres surrounding the radiating element 2
3 is glued. This is also glued to the bottom surface in the same way. A conductor 18 is formed entirely on the upper surface of the third substrate 17. One radiating element of such a planar antenna is constructed by sequentially stacking these substrates.

As shown in the 21st step (b), the first substrate and the second substrate
The distance between the substrates 90 is equal to the distance of a lever from the conductor ball 23#. This interval is a delicate length, several meters
It is about m. Similarly, the second substrate 9 and the substrate 17 of 43
There is also an interval equal to the diameter of the conductor ball. The conductor ball 60 is in contact with the conductor 19 formed on the substrate 1, and the conductor ball 61 is in contact with the conductor 18 formed on the third substrate 171.

Although the conductor balls 60 and 61 are in contact with the second substrate 9, they are not in electrical contact with each other. but.

The substrate 9 of tX2 is thin and made of dielectric material.
Therefore, they are electromagnetically coupled.

Therefore, an electrical wall is formed by the conductor 19, the conductor ball 60, the second substrate 9, the conductor ball 61, and the conductor 18. The other conductor spheres have similar configurations. By these configurations.

Even if an unbalanced state of the imaging force lines occurs in the slot 20 and radiating element 210 portions, unnecessary radiation due to the t1 air absorption described above will not affect other radiating elements or feed lines. can be reduced.

The radiation characteristics of the bottom antenna made of the t configuration described above are illustrated in FIG. When the conductor rod shown in Fig. 6(a) is installed and compared with the characteristic diagram of the nine-plane antenna, it is found that the same characteristics are obtained. The radiation characteristics that leak to the opposite side of the radiation direction have been improved.

In any case, it is possible to realize a bottom antenna that has characteristics unprecedented in the prior art and that has an innovative structure and a method of dipping.

Note that this bottom antenna has been explained using radiation, or transmission, as an example, as described above.

The same effect can be achieved in receiving and receiving, so it is possible to use 3% in both transmitting and receiving.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, according to one aspect of the present invention, a spherical body whose at least the surface is made of a conductor is provided so as to surround the radiating element.

Almost all unnecessary radiation generated near the slot can be blocked. Therefore, in the planar antenna of the present invention, the influence of the inconvenient radiation waves on the radiating element and the radiating element near the radiating element is almost eliminated, and disturbances in the excitation distribution can be prevented, and the desired excitation distribution can be achieved. It becomes easier to realize.

In addition, in order to prevent unstable radiation, simply attaching a spherical body between the substrates to surround the radiating element provides more stability when connecting the substrates than conventional conductor rods. This can be achieved through WR leather manufacturing. As a result, unnecessary radiation can be reduced and manufacturing can be simplified, just like in the past.
Is f′ suitable for productivity? : It is possible to realize a method for manufacturing a planar antenna, and in addition, it is possible to control the arrangement method of the spherical bodies, which plays an important role in suppressing unnecessary radiation waves, by controlling the bonding position, thereby providing a high-quality planar antenna. can.

4. Explanation of the 111g leather in the drawings'@1 Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 shows 1
Figures 1 and 3 show one radiating element portion of the bottom antenna of the present invention and show the characteristics of the present invention.

@Figure 4 %El　Figure 5 shows the conventional example, and Figure 6 shows the conventional example.

It is a t diagram showing the conventional characteristics.

1... First board, 2.3, 4, 5, 6.7... Slot, 8, 22... Supply set 9... Second board,
10, l 1, l 2, 13, 14, 1
5.21...radiating element, 16,23.60.61...
・Conductor ball, 17...Third substrate, 18.19...Conductor.

Agent Patent Attorney Norihiro Kon Same pine mountain light no. figure No. figure No. figure No. figure No. figure

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A first substrate on which a plurality of slots are formed and a conductor formed on the entire surface thereof, a plurality of radiating elements for electromagnetically coupling with the plurality of slots, and a feeder line feeding the radiating elements. In a planar antenna with a triplate structure, in which a second substrate formed on the substrate and a third substrate on which a conductor is formed on the entire surface of the substrate are sequentially laminated, there is at least one layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. A plurality of spherical bodies having substantially the same size and whose surfaces are made of a conductor are installed so as to surround each of the plurality of radiating elements, and also between the second substrate and the third substrate. A planar antenna characterized in that the spherical body is installed at a position substantially opposite to the plurality of spherical bodies. (2) forming a plurality of slots in the first dielectric substrate;
A radiation plate manufacturing process of etching a conductor on the entire surface of one side; and a power feeding plate manufacturing process of forming a plurality of radiating elements electromagnetically coupled to the plurality of slots on a second dielectric substrate, and a feeding line for feeding power to the radiating elements. and a spherical shape in which a plurality of spherical bodies of approximately the same size each having at least a surface formed of a conductor are adhered to opposing positions on the front and back surfaces of the second dielectric substrate so as to surround each of the plurality of radiating elements. a ground conductor plate manufacturing step of forming a conductor on the entire one side of a third dielectric substrate; the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, and the third dielectric substrate; 1. A method for manufacturing a planar antenna, comprising: a step of laminating substrates in sequence.