JPH0191707A - Stem and leaf cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled device capable of surely cutting stems and leaves of harvested products without damaging the harvested products, by setting a stationary blade opposingly to a stem and leaf treating part of a conveyor on the stem and leaf treating part and cutting the stems and leaves of the harvested products on the steam and leaf treating part by the stationary blade together with a movable blade slidable against the stationary blade. CONSTITUTION:When harvested products a which are transported by a conveyor 17 are transported to a stem and leaf treating part 26, stems and leaves b of the harvested products a are cut on the stem and leaf treating part by a saw-toothed stationary blade 75 and a saw-toothed rotary blade 77 slidable against the stationary blade. The separated harvested products and the stems and leaves are further transported and taken out from a transporting part.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a foliage cutting device for a harvester, and is capable of digging up a harvested product having foliage such as an onion, and
This relates to a device that cuts the stems and leaves of this crop.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as this type of foliage cutting Igi device, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-6602, a helical leaf cutting device having a series of guide protrusions spirally formed on the outer periphery has been used. A plurality of sets of roller units each including a roller and a smooth roller that contacts the spiral roller and rotates inward in a direction opposite to the spiral roller are rotatably arranged side by side, In each roller unit, the harvested product, that is, onion, is transported in a spiral direction along with the smooth roller by the guide ridges of the spiral roller, and the stems and leaves are drawn in and held between the spiral roller and the smooth roller, and
A configuration is known in which the stems and leaves are cut and removed as they are transported.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) According to the configuration described in the above-mentioned publication, each onion is transferred on rollers, and the stems and leaves are separated and removed from the onion by being held between the rollers and forcibly torn off. As a result, there is a risk of damaging the onion, and the cut after removing the stems and leaves will be uneven due to the forced separation of the stems and leaves, which is not desirable from the standpoint of appearance and quality control.

Therefore, the present invention was made in view of these points,
It is possible to reliably cut the stems and leaves without damaging the harvested product, and also to make it possible to cut the cut ends of the stems and leaves in a good manner, thereby harvesting the harvested products in a state favorable for appearance and quality control. Cutting stems and leaves that you can do 1! !
'i device.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The foliage cutting device of the first invention includes a conveyor on the right side of the foliage processing section, and a fixed blade provided on the foliage processing section of the conveyor opposite thereto. , a movable blade is provided to be slidable relative to the fixed blade and to cut the foliage of the crop on the foliage processing section together with the fixed blade.

A foliage cutting device according to a second aspect of the invention includes a conveyor having a foliage processing section, and a lower portion thereof facing the foliage processing section of the transportation conveyor and movable in the same direction as the foliage processing section. an endless rotating body having a large number of fixed blades at intervals of , and a large number of slidable movable blades that cut the foliage of the crop on the foliage processing section together with each of the fixed blades, and this endless rotating body; a sprocket for each movable blade that is rotatably mounted on the body and allows each movable blade to slide forward and backward relative to each fixed blade, and a horizontal sprocket on one side of the rotating lower part of the endless rotating body. The sprocket is provided with a chain that is disposed on the sprocket and engages and rotates each of the sprockets.

(Function) In the 1gi foliage cutting device of the first invention, when the harvest conveyed by the conveyor is conveyed to its foliage processing section,
The foliage of the harvest is cut by a serrated fixed blade and a serrated movable blade that slides against the serrated fixed blade on the foliage processing section. Then, the separated harvest and foliage are further conveyed and taken out from the carrying-out section, for example, the harvest and the foliage are conveyed in different directions, and the harvest is stored in, for example, a container.

Further, in the foliage cutting device of the second invention, when the harvested product transported by the conveyor is conveyed to the foliage processing section, each of the foliage and foliage is transferred to the endless rotating body in each row of the lower part of the rotating body J31-J. The stems and leaves are interposed between the fixed blades and between the movable blades facing the fixed blades, and are sequentially cut by the movable blades that move back and forth in the left and right directions with respect to the fixed blades. In other words, when the endless rotating body folds the front sprocket downward and follows it, each sprocket at the bottom of the rotating body automatically meshes with the horizontally fixed chain, and also meshes along the chain. Automatically rotates when moving. Further, when each sprocket is rotated, each movable blade is moved forward and backward in the left and right direction with respect to each fixed blade, so that each foliage is automatically cut.

Further, the cut and separated onions and stems are conveyed backward by the stem and leaves processing section, and are carried from the delivery section onto, for example, a distribution conveyor. While being discharged from the discharge end, each onion is automatically transferred downward in its sloping direction on the side opposite to the stems and leaves, and is stored, for example, in a container.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a main body frame. Gauge wheels 2, 2 are rotatably mounted on the left and right parts of the lower front end of the main body frame 1, and O-rings are mounted on the lower rear side of the main body frame 1. 3 is provided so as to be freely movable. Further, an engine 5 is mounted between support frames 4 erected at the upper rear end of the main body frame 1, and the crawler 3 is driven by the power of the engine 5 via a power transmission means (not shown). ing.

Next, a conveyor frame 6 is provided approximately in the middle of the main body frame 1, and this conveyor frame 6 includes a first frame portion 7 extending to the front lower part of the main body frame 1, and a first frame part 7 extending to the upper rear part of the main body frame 1. The second frame part 8
A guide frame 9 is fixed to the front end of the first frame part 7, and the upper part of the guide frame 9 is connected to a link 10.
It is adjustable and suspended by a handle 11 via.

A first conveyor 12 is movably provided in the front-rear direction of the first frame portion 7 to transport onions a as a harvested product while sieving off soil, and digs one onion a into the guide frame 9. A raised tip 13 is provided so as to project forward and downward, and a rear end portion of this tip 13 is connected to the carry-in portion of the first conveyor 12. Thus, the first conveyor 12 has an endless rotating body 16 between a slave aO-roller 14 rotatably mounted on the surface and a drive roller 15 rotatably mounted on the rear part.
It is constructed by suspending it so that it can rotate freely. In addition, balls f are formed in the vertical direction of the second frame portion 8 while sieving off the soil.
The second conveyor, which transports the ia while lifting it,
A conveyor 17 is provided so as to be freely movable. This second
The conveyor 17 includes a drive row 518 that is rotatably mounted on a shaft near the lower end, a first relay roller 19 that is rotatably mounted on the shaft at the upper part, and a shaft that is rotatably mounted on the rear upper part. A second relay roller 21 is rotatably mounted on a shaft at the rear lower part of the driven roller 20 and the first relay roller 19, and an onion a is locked between each of these rollers 18, 19, 20, 21. The endless rotating body 23, which is constructed by axially mounting a large number of horizontal rods 22a and supporting rods 22b having a large number of locking protrusions 22 arranged in parallel, is suspended in a freely rotating manner, and the front surface of the second frame portion 8 is It is constructed by arranging a plurality of round bars 24 in parallel at predetermined intervals and extending in the vertical direction. The second conveyor 17 is connected to the drive roller 18 and the first relay lamp 1.
The portion of the endless rotating body 23 that transitions between the first relay lamp 19 and the driven roller 20 is formed as a lifting portion 25 that slopes upward at the rear, and the portion of the endless rotating body 230 that transitions between the first relay lamp 19 and the driven roller 20. is formed as a foliage processing section 26 that is gently sloped upward at the rear, and an input section at the lower end of the lifting section 25 is connected to an output section of the first conveyor 12 .

Next, an elastically deformable guide roller 27 made of an elastic member such as a sponge is rotatably suspended horizontally at a predetermined interval above the discharge section of the first conveyor 12. In the middle of the lifting part 25, an O-ring-shaped brush body 28 for trimming the stems and leaves of onion a downward is horizontally suspended so as to be freely rotatable. Further, the drive shaft 29 of the drive roller 15 in the first conveyor 12 and the drive shaft 29 of the drive roller 15 in the first conveyor 12 and the drive shaft 29 of the drive roller 15 in the first conveyor 12
The drive shaft 30 of the drive roller 18 in
The circumferential speed of the second conveyor 17 is set to be faster than the circumferential speed of the first conveyor 12. Further, the drive shaft 29 of the first conveyor 12 and the rotation shaft 32 of the brush body 28 are connected to an interlocking medium 33.
"M!I" is connected to the drive shaft 30 of the second conveyor 11 and the gear V case 34 on the main body frame 1.
The output shaft 35 is interlocked and connected via an interlocking medium 36,
This gear case 340 input shield 37 is interlockingly connected to the engine 5 via an interlocking medium 38. And the endless rotating body 16 of the first conveyor 12, the second conveyor 1
The endless rotating body 23 and the brush body 28 shown in FIG. 1 are rotated in conjunction with each other in the clockwise direction of the arrow.

At the same time, the proximal ends of the connecting frames 39 extending forward are fixed to the left and right parts of the front end of the main body frame 1, and the left and right sled bodies 41, 41 are attached to the support rods 40 at the front ends of the left and right connecting frames 39. Hanging rods 42, 42 are suspended such that their positions can be adjusted in the vertical direction, and a foliage alignment device 43 is rotatably provided between the left and right support rods 40. This stem and leaf alignment device 4
3, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, a rotary shaft 45 is rotatably horizontally suspended between left and right support rods 40 via bearings 44, and on both sides of the rotary shaft 45 in the axial direction. The center of the triangular mounting plate 46 is fixed, and support rods 47 each having a polygonal cross section are horizontally suspended between the corners of the left and right mounting plates 46, and a sprocket is attached to one end of each support rod 47. 48 is fixed. Further, in the axial direction of each of the support rods 47, a large number of brackets 50 having stem and leaf alignment rods 49 for aligning the stems and leaves of onion a in the front-rear direction are attached such that the axial inner position V1 can be freely adjusted. A locking bolt 51 for locking the set position is screwed into the bolt 50 so as to be movable forward and backward.

Therefore, a large number of stem and leaf alignment rods 4 in each support rod 47
9 is a spring portion 52 wound in a ring shape at the upper end.
It is fixed to each bracket 50 via.

Further, a center portion of a disk 54 is rotatably mounted on one end of the rotating shaft 45 in the axial direction via a bearing body 53.
An endless chain 55 that meshes with sprockets 48 at three points of each support rod 41 is fixed to the outer peripheral edge of each support rod 41. Furthermore, large and small sprockets 56.5 are provided on the inner and outer sides of the bearing body 53 of the disc 54 and one end of the rotating shaft 45.
Endless chains 60 and 61 are connected between the large and small sprockets 56 and 57 and inner and outer sprockets 58 and 59 that are pivoted on the rear side of the main body frame 1, respectively. A rotary shaft 62 which is rotatably suspended and has the sprockets 58 and 59 attached thereto, and the drive shaft 29 of the first conveyor 12 are rotatably connected via an interlocking medium 63.

Next, the second frame portion 8 of the conveyor frame 6
A stem and leaf cutter 665 is provided between the left and right side frames 64 in the figure. This foliage cutting device 65 has sprockets 6G and 66 rotatably mounted on the left and right parts between the front sides of the left and right side frames 64 via a rotating shaft 67, and sprockets 6G and 66 are rotatably mounted on the left and right sides between the front sides of the left and right side frames 64, and Sprocket 68.6 on the left and right between the parts
8 is rotatably mounted via a drive shaft 69, and front, rear, left and right sprockets 6G, 66, opposite to each other in the front and back direction.
68. Endless chains 70, 70 are suspended in a rotatable manner facing each other, and a number of mounting plates 71 in the shape of The shaped portion 72 is horizontally fixed via a locking piece 73, and a fixed blade 75 consisting of a number of approximately triangular blades is provided at the lower end of the vertical portion of each mounting plate 71 in a serrated manner in the length direction. Onions a are fixedly fixed, and between each row of the fixed blades 15 are onions a that are transported by the foliage processing i26 of the second conveyor 17.
The stems and leaves are interposed. Further, in each of the four-handle plates 17, a sliding piece 76 is slidably provided above each fixed blade 75 to slide in the horizontal direction using this as a guide, and each Fa piece 76 is attached to each of the fixed blades 75. A movable blade 77 consisting of a large number of approximately triangular blades that slides on the front surface of the blade 75.
are fixed in a serrated manner in the length direction, and each movable blade 77
Between each row of balls fft transported by the stem and leaf processing section 26,
The stems and leaves of a are interposed, and these stems and leaves are cut by each fixed blade 75 and each movable blade 77 corresponding thereto. The pitch between each row of the opposing fixed blade 75 and movable blade 77 is the same as the pitch between each row of the locking protrusions 22 of the second conveyor 17. At the same time, each set of fixed blade 75 and movable blade 77 is positioned at the rear of each row of locking protrusions 22 in the advancing direction. Further, a bracket 78 is fixed to the top of one end of the vertical portion 74 of each of the mounting plates 71, and a bearing body 79 is fixed to each of the brackets 78, and is rotatably attached to each bearing body 79. A sprocket 81 is fixed to the vertical shaft 80, and a support shaft 8 is attached to the tip of a protruding piece 82 that integrally projects outward from the lower surface of the sprocket 81.
3, one end of the interlocking piece 84 is rotatably pivoted,
A support shaft 8 rotatably inserted into the other end of this interlocking piece 84
5, the tip of a connecting piece 8G protruding from one end of the movable piece 16 is rotatably pivoted via the movable blade 77 at the one end. A coil spring 87 is stretched between each support shaft 85 and the tip of each locking piece 88, and the base end of each locking piece 88 is connected to the vertical portion 74 of each mounting plate 71. The cutter presser plates 92 are attached to the left and right sides of the vertical portion 74 of each mounting plate 71, and the left and right cutter presser plates Each movable blade 77 is energized by the cutter presser plate 92 and the cutter presser plate 90 in the middle. The left and right endless chains 70.70 are rotatably suspended between the front, rear, left and right sprockets 66, 68, 68, and 68, respectively.
a large number of mounting plates 71 having fixed blades 75 suspended horizontally between them;
A large number of sliding pieces 76 having movable blades 77 and a large number of sprockets 81 constitute an endless rotating body 93, and this endless rotating body 93 moves at the same speed as the endless rotating body 23 of the second conveyor 11. They are designed to run in the same direction. moreover,
A frame member 95 is fixed horizontally to the inner wall of the one side frame 64 at a position opposite to the lower part 94 of the endless rotating body 93, and a rotating end ring is attached to the inner side surface of the frame member 95. Gyotai 9
A chain 96, in which each sprocket 81 at one end of the chain 96 is sequentially engaged and rotated, is stretched horizontally. Further, the drive shaft 69 of the endless rotating body 93 and the rotating wheel 97 of the second relay roller 21 are rotatably coupled via an interlocking medium 98. The movable blades 17 in each row of the endless rotating body 93 face the foliage processing section 26 of the second conveyor 17, and are reciprocated in the left and right directions relative to the fixed blades 75 by the chain 96 and sprocket 81. It looks like this.

Next, a distribution conveyor 99 is connected to the lower part of the rear end of the left and right side frames 64 so as to be inclined rearwardly.

This distribution conveyor 99 is located at the rear end of the left and right side frames 64]
・The conveyor frame 10 is attached to the upper end of the supporting frame 4.
A driving roller 101 is fixed to the conveyor frame 100 in a tilted upward direction, and a drive roller 101 is rotatably mounted on a shaft at the lower front end of the conveyor frame 100, and a driven roller is rotatably mounted on a shaft at the upper rear end of the conveyor frame 100. An endless rotating body 103 is suspended between rollers 102 so as to be freely rotating. and,
The onions a and the stems and leaves that have been processed are carried into this endless rotating body 103 from the delivery section of the second conveyor 17, and the stems zb are conveyed backwards, and the onions a are conveyed backwards. It is designed to fall along the direction.

Further, the drive shaft 104 of the drive roller 101 and the rotation shaft 105 of the first relay roller 19 are rotatably connected via an interlocking medium 106. In the figure, 107 is a container for storing the harvested products from the distribution conveyor 99, and 108 is a container.
is the handle.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

When the engine 5 is started, this power is transferred to the interlocking medium 38,
The endless rotating body 23 of the second conveyor 17 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1 via the input shaft 37, the output shaft 35 of the gear case 34, and the interlocking medium 36. The endless rotating body 103 of the distribution conveyor 99 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1, and the endless rotating body 93 of the foliage cutting device 65 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. Also, by the operation of the second conveyor 17, the first
The endless rotating body 16 of the competition 1712 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1, and along with this endless rotating body 16, the brush body 28 is rotated clockwise in FIG. Rotated. Furthermore, with the operation of the first conveyor 12, the disk 54 of the leaf and leaf aligning device 43 and each leaf and leaf aligning rod 49 of each support rod 41 are rotated clockwise in FIG. 1 via the interlocking medium 63 and the endless chain 60.01. moved, and each support rod 4
Each of the stem and leaf alignment rods 49 of No. 7 is rotated in the vertical direction in FIG. 1 without changing its posture while always remaining in a substantially vertical state due to the meshing rotation of the endless chain 55 of a circle 154 and each sprocket 48 meshed therewith. Ru.

Next, when the crawler 3 is rotated by the power from the engine 5 and the machine is advanced, the left and right sled bodies 41.41 supported by the left and right gauge wheels 2.2 move between the onions a in the field. As it slides, the stems 1ib of the beads ia in each row are directed forward in the direction of movement by the rotating progress of each stem and leaf alignment rod 49 of each support rod 47 that rotates between the left and right sled bodies 41 and 41. They are sequentially arranged in a straight line.

In addition, the beads f1a in each row in which the stems and leaves are arranged are sequentially dug out by the advancing tip metal 13, and
The onions a are sequentially carried onto the carrying-in part of the endless rotating body 1G of the first conveyor 12, and are conveyed rearward while shaking off the soil, and each onion a is placed in the vicinity of the carrying-out part. When conveyed, the soft guide rollers 27 made of an elastic member rotate, and the sheets are sequentially carried from the carry-out section onto the carry-in section of the endless rotating body 23 of the second conveyor 17.

In this case, each onion a that has passed through the guide O-ra 27 is
Since each onion a is conveyed to the second conveyor 17 which has a faster circumferential speed than the conveyor 12 of At the same time, each onion (a) is sequentially pulled, and therefore each onion (a) is carried in with its stem and leaves facing downward.

Further, each onion a that is sequentially carried onto the endless rotating body 23 of the second conveyor 17 is locked between the respective locking protrusions 22 and is sequentially lifted and conveyed by the lifting part 25. From the section 25, the leaves are further transported to a stem and leaf processing section 26. In this case, if the stems and leaves of the master craftsman la being conveyed by the lifting section 25 turn sideways and get caught on the round bar 24, each such stem and leaves will be rotated downward by the rotation of the brush body 28. Therefore, each onion a is lifted and conveyed with its stems and leaves aligned downward, and from this lifting section 25 to the stem and leaf processing section 2G with its stems and leaves facing backward in the conveying direction. transported in the same condition.

Next, when each onion a is conveyed to the stem and leaf processing section 26, each of the onions a is cut by each month of the fixed blades 75 in each row of the lower part 94 of the endless rotating body 93 of the stem and leaf cutting device 65. Interposed between the movable blades 77 facing each other,
Each of the stems and leaves is sequentially cut by each movable blade 77 that moves back and forth in the left-right direction with respect to each fixed blade 75. That is, when the endless rotating body 93 folds back the front sprockets 66, 66 downward and follows them, each sprocket 81 of the lower part 94 automatically meshes with the horizontally fixed chain 9G, and The meshing movement along this chain 96 automatically rotates. Further, when each sprocket 81 is rotated, each sliding piece 76 is moved back and forth in the left and right direction against the coil spring 87 via each interlocking piece 84, and each sliding piece 76 is moved back and forth in the left and right direction. The movable blades 77 move forward and backward in the left and right directions with respect to the respective fixed blades 75.
Therefore, each stem and leaf is automatically cut by each fixed blade 75 and each movable blade 77 located respectively.

Further, the cut and separated onions a and stems and leaves are conveyed rearward by the stems and leaves processing section 26, and are carried onto the endless rotating body 103 of the distribution conveyor 99 from the carry-out section. and,
Each of the stems and leaves on this endless rotating body 103 is conveyed in an upwardly sloping direction and is discharged from its delivery end, and each onion a on the endless rotating body 103
The container 107 is automatically transferred and dropped downward in the direction of inclination opposite to the direction of rotation, and is stored in the container 107. In this way, onions a in the field are transported to the container 10 with their stems and leaves removed one by one during transportation.
7 and stored in sequence.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the first invention, the harvested product is transported to the foliage processing section of the conveyor, and while the foliage processing section is moved, the foliage is cut by a fixed blade that stands by with respect to the foliage processing section and a movable blade that is in standby relative to the foliage processing section. By setting O-
Since the crop does not transfer or the orientation of the stalks and leaves change unlike those that cut the stalks and leaves between blades, it is possible to reliably cut the stalks and leaves without damaging the harvested material. To provide a foliage cutting device which can cut the foliage in an attractive and orderly manner by cutting the foliage with a movable blade, thereby harvesting the harvested product in a state favorable for appearance and quality control. Can be done.

According to the second invention, in addition to the effects of the first invention, a plurality of fixed blades and a plurality of movable blades corresponding to the fixed blades are provided at predetermined intervals on the endless rotating body, so that the conveyor It is possible to continuously cut all the stems and leaves of the crop that are sequentially conveyed to the stems and leaves processing section, and each movable blade faces the stems and leaves processing section by the lower part of the endless rotating body, and each fixed blade However, since the upper movable blades that do not cut the leaves do not slide, there is no danger of using J3 when cutting the leaves.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure shows an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 is an enlarged rear view of a portion of the same foliage cutting device, Figure 3 is a plan view of the same machine, Figure 4 is a side view of the same machine.
The figure is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 2, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 2, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the stem and leaf alignment device, and Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 2. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the section D to DI in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged front view of a part of the lifting section of the conveyor. 17... Conveyor conveyor, 26... Stem and leaf store FL' section, 28
...Brush body, 65.. Stem and leaf cutting device, 75.. Fixed blade, 77.. Movable blade, 81.. Sprocket, 93.. Endless rotating body, 94.. Rotating lower part, 96.. Chain, a・
・Harvest products, b.・Stems and leaves.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A transport conveyor having a foliage processing section, a fixed blade provided on the foliage processing section of the transport conveyor in opposition to the foliage processing section, and a fixed blade provided slidably with respect to the fixed blade. A foliage cutting device comprising: a movable blade for cutting foliage of a harvested product on a foliage processing section. (2) The foliage cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor has a rotatable brush body that arranges the foliage backward in the moving direction on the front side of the foliage processing section. . (3) A transport conveyor having a foliage processing section, the lower part of which is opposed to the foliage processing section of this transportation conveyor, and the conveyor is provided so as to be movable in the same direction as the foliage processing section, and a large number of an endless rotating body having a fixed blade and a large number of slidable movable blades that cut the foliage of the crop on the foliage processing section together with each of the fixed blades; a sprocket for each movable blade that is mounted on a shaft and allows each movable blade to slide forward and backward relative to each fixed blade;
A foliage cutting device characterized by comprising: a chain horizontally disposed on one side of a lower part of the rotating body of the endless rotating body to mesh and rotate each of the sprockets. (4) The foliage processing section of the conveyor is arranged with a gentle slope rearward and upward, and this conveyor has a rotatable brush on the front side of the foliage processing section that arranges the foliage backward in the direction of movement. The foliage cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that it has a body.