JPH0160403B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0160403B2 JPH0160403B2 JP17452881A JP17452881A JPH0160403B2 JP H0160403 B2 JPH0160403 B2 JP H0160403B2 JP 17452881 A JP17452881 A JP 17452881A JP 17452881 A JP17452881 A JP 17452881A JP H0160403 B2 JPH0160403 B2 JP H0160403B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- dough
- molding machine
- present
- extraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、陶磁器板の製造方法に係り、特に面
積が広く薄型の陶磁器板を効率よく製造する方法
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a ceramic plate, and particularly to a method of efficiently manufacturing a thin ceramic plate with a large area.
従来より、平板状の陶磁器製品は、圧延成形法
で成形した後、キルンで焼成することにより製造
されているが、大型で平板状の陶磁器製品はその
製造過程において高温による軟化変形を生じ易い
ために、平面精度の高い板状陶磁器製品を製造す
る条件は極めて厳しくなり、通常工業的に生産し
た場合の製品不良率は実に30％を越えるものであ
つた。このため、例えば厚さ８mm以下の薄型の平
板状陶磁器製品の製造方法は実用化されていない
のが現状である。
Traditionally, flat ceramic products have been manufactured by rolling and then firing in a kiln, but large, flat ceramic products are susceptible to softening and deformation due to high temperatures during the manufacturing process. In addition, the conditions for manufacturing plate-shaped ceramic products with high flatness accuracy have become extremely strict, and the product defect rate when normally produced industrially exceeds 30%. For this reason, at present, a method for manufacturing thin flat ceramic products with a thickness of 8 mm or less, for example, has not been put to practical use.
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点をなく
し、大型で薄い陶磁器板を歪みや変形を生じるこ
となく、効率よく製造する方法を提供することに
ある。
An object of the present invention is to eliminate the problems of the prior art described above and to provide a method for efficiently manufacturing large and thin ceramic plates without distortion or deformation.
〔課題を解決するための手段〕
本発明者は、成形機と圧延機を用いて生地組成
物を成形する際の生地中の結晶物の配向状態、お
よびこの配向状態と乾燥後の生地組成物の曲げ強
度との関係について鋭意研究したところ、可塑性
を有する生地組成物を成形機で強制抜出し（また
は押出し）すると組成物中のカオリナイト等の結
晶物が抜出し、（または押出し）方向に配向する
こと、この強制抜出し（または押出し）した生地
組成物を前記抜出し（または押出し）方向と同一
方向に圧延すると、配向した結晶物がさらに整列
して生地組成は明らかに方向性を有するものとな
り、乾燥後の生地組成物の配向方向の曲げ強度が
配向方向に直交する方向の曲げ強度よりも30％以
上高くなること、およびこの平状の生地組成物を
前記成形機からの抜出し（または押出し）方向と
同一方向に搬送しながらキルンで焼成することに
より、通常ローラ相互間で見られる垂れ下がりや
変形が極めて少なくなること等を見出し本発明に
到達した。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have discovered the orientation state of crystals in the dough when forming the dough composition using a molding machine and a rolling machine, and the orientation state and the dough composition after drying. We conducted extensive research on the relationship between bending strength and found that when a plastic dough composition is forcibly extracted (or extruded) using a molding machine, crystals such as kaolinite in the composition are extracted and oriented in the (or extrusion) direction. In fact, when this forcibly extracted (or extruded) dough composition is rolled in the same direction as the aforementioned extraction (or extrusion) direction, the oriented crystals are further aligned, and the dough composition clearly has a directionality. The bending strength in the orientation direction of the subsequent dough composition is 30% or more higher than the bending strength in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction, and the direction in which this flat dough composition is extracted (or extruded) from the molding machine. The present invention was achieved by discovering that by firing in a kiln while conveying the material in the same direction as the rollers, the sagging and deformation normally seen between the rollers can be extremely reduced.
すなわち本発明は、成形機から抜出された、断
面が曲線を有する筒状の生地を開いて板状生地と
し、該板状生地を前記成形機からの抜出し方向と
同一方向に圧延したのち乾燥し、前記成形機から
の抜出し方向が搬送方向となるようにローラーハ
ースキルンで焼成することを特徴とする。 That is, the present invention involves opening a cylindrical dough having a curved cross section extracted from a molding machine to obtain a plate-shaped dough, rolling the plate-shaped dough in the same direction as the direction of extraction from the molding machine, and then drying it. The sheet is then fired in a roller hearth kiln so that the direction of extraction from the molding machine is the direction of conveyance.
陶磁器の原料である素地を成形機により強制的
に抜出し、例えば円筒状に成形すると、生地組成
物中のカオリナイト等の結晶鉱物が前記抜出し方
向と同一方向に配向されるので、この円筒状の生
地組成成物を展開した後、前記抜出し方向と同一
方向に圧延した板状生地は結晶物の配向と相互の
絡み合い組織を有するものとなり、前記抜出し方
向と同一方向の曲げ強度が抜出し方向に直交する
方向の曲げ強度よりも約30％強くなり、異方性を
有するものとなる。
When the base material, which is the raw material for ceramics, is forcibly extracted by a molding machine and formed into, for example, a cylindrical shape, the crystalline minerals such as kaolinite in the dough composition are oriented in the same direction as the extraction direction. After developing the dough composition, the plate-shaped dough rolled in the same direction as the drawing direction has an orientation of crystalline substances and a mutually entangled structure, and the bending strength in the same direction as the drawing direction is perpendicular to the drawing direction. The bending strength is approximately 30% stronger than that in the direction of bending, and it has anisotropy.
この異方性を有する板状生地を前記抜出し方向
と同一方向に搬送しながら焼成することにより、
板状生地組成物内にガラス質等の液相が生じて軟
化し易い状態となつても、焼成時における垂れ下
がりや変形が防止される。すなわち、ローラーハ
ースキルンで平板状体を焼成する際は一定のピツ
チで配列されたローラー上を移動させながら焼成
するものであるが、高温度に焼結した時、組成物
中に多量のガラス質が生成して軟化変形を起こす
ため、ローラーピツチ間で軟化による「垂れ下が
り」が起こり、移動方向に対して直角に多数の波
状の面をもつた焼成体となる。 By baking this plate-shaped dough having anisotropy while conveying it in the same direction as the extraction direction,
Even if a liquid phase such as a glassy substance is generated in the plate-like dough composition and becomes easily softened, sagging or deformation during baking is prevented. In other words, when a flat plate is fired in a roller hearth kiln, it is fired while moving it on rollers arranged at a certain pitch, but when it is sintered at a high temperature, a large amount of glassy material is is generated and causes softening deformation, which causes ``sagging'' between the roller pitches due to softening, resulting in a fired body with many wavy surfaces perpendicular to the direction of movement.
本発明の板状生地は、前記のように移動方向に
強度の強い組織をもつため軟化変形が少なく、平
板精度の高いものが得られる。 The plate-shaped fabric of the present invention has a structure with strong strength in the direction of movement as described above, so that softening deformation is small and a plate with high precision can be obtained.
さらにローラーハースキルンのように迅速焼成
を行う場合、特に長さの長い平板が高温度下を通
過する際、平板の進行先端部と後端部においてキ
ルンのヒートカーブによつて50℃〜200℃の温度
差が発生し、これらの前後の温度差によつて製品
に焼成収縮の差が発生してクラツクの原因となり
易い。本発明の板状生地の組織はキルン進行方向
に平行に結晶が配列されているため、幅方向の伸
縮はアコーデオンのように自由度をもつており、
内部に破壊応力を発生させることがなくなる。 Furthermore, when performing rapid firing such as in a roller hearth kiln, especially when a long flat plate passes through high temperatures, the heat curve of the kiln will vary between 50°C and 200°C at the leading and trailing ends of the flat plate. This difference in temperature before and after the process causes a difference in the firing shrinkage of the product, which tends to cause cracks. Since the structure of the plate-shaped fabric of the present invention has crystals arranged parallel to the direction of kiln movement, it can expand and contract in the width direction with a degree of freedom like an accordion.
This eliminates the generation of internal destructive stress.
本発明において成形機から抜出し成形する際の
生地組成物の形状は、断面が曲線を有する筒状の
ものであれば、半円筒状、惰円筒状などでもよく
特に限定されないが、結晶の配向性をより均一に
するために中空円筒状であることが好ましい。 In the present invention, the shape of the dough composition at the time of extraction and molding from the molding machine is not particularly limited as long as it is cylindrical with a curved cross section, such as a semi-cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape. It is preferable to have a hollow cylindrical shape in order to make it more uniform.
本発明において成形機としては、通常、真空土
練機が用いられるが他の成形機であつてもよい。 In the present invention, a vacuum kneading machine is usually used as the molding machine, but other molding machines may be used.
また本発明に用いられる圧延機は公知のもので
よいが、結晶物の配向方向をより均一にするため
に、例えばローラ中央部に向かつて相互に相反す
る方向に螺旋状の表面溝をもつ一対または複数対
のローラを用いることが好ましい。このようなロ
ーラは圧延方向と直角方向の板状生地のひろがり
を防止し、形状を一定に保つとともに結晶の配向
性をより均一なものにすることができる。 Further, the rolling mill used in the present invention may be a known one, but in order to make the orientation direction of the crystals more uniform, for example, a pair of rolling mills having spiral surface grooves in opposite directions toward the center of the roller is used. Alternatively, it is preferable to use multiple pairs of rollers. Such rollers can prevent the plate-like material from spreading in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, keep the shape constant, and make the orientation of the crystals more uniform.
本発明において圧延された板状生地は、熱風乾
燥機で、例えば70℃〜550℃で約１時間乾燥され、
必要に応じて釉薬で処理された後、ローラーハー
スキルンで焼成される。 The plate-shaped dough rolled in the present invention is dried in a hot air dryer at, for example, 70°C to 550°C for about 1 hour,
After being treated with glazes if necessary, it is fired in a roller hearth kiln.
次に、本発明を具体的実施例によりさらに詳細に
説明する。
Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail using specific examples.
実施例 １
直径230mm、厚さ20mmの中空円筒状の抜出し口
金を有する真空土練機で円筒状に抜出し、切り開
いて平板状にした、長石質58重量部、粘度質37重
量部、タルク５重量部、リン酸ナトリウム0.2重
量部からなる生地組成物を、面積30cm×60cm、厚
さ５mmの生地板上に供給し、圧延ローラにより抜
出し方向と同一方向に圧延し、熱風式コンベアド
ライヤーで乾燥した後、550℃で〓焼物からサン
プルを抜出し、曲げ強度を測定したところ、抜出
し方向と同一方向の曲げ強度は55Kg／cm2であるの
に対し、抜出し方向と直交する方向の曲げ強度は
32Kg／cm2であつた。この〓焼物に釉薬をかけ、前
記成形機からの抜出し方向を搬送方向としてロー
ラハースキルン（ローラピツチ70mm）に供給し、
1200℃で１時間焼成して完全に磁器化したタイル
を1000枚製造したところ、歪み、反りなどによる
製品不良率は僅かに0.8％であつた。Example 1 58 parts by weight of feldspathic material, 37 parts by weight of viscous material, and 5 parts by weight of talc were extracted into a cylindrical shape using a vacuum kneading machine having a hollow cylindrical extraction mouthpiece with a diameter of 230 mm and a thickness of 20 mm, and cut open to form a flat plate. A dough composition containing 0.2 parts by weight of sodium phosphate was supplied onto a dough plate with an area of 30 cm x 60 cm and a thickness of 5 mm, rolled in the same direction as the drawing direction with a rolling roller, and dried with a hot air conveyor dryer. After that, the sample was pulled out from the pottery at 550℃ and its bending strength was measured.The bending strength in the same direction as the pull-out direction was 55Kg/ cm2 , while the bending strength in the direction perpendicular to the pull-out direction was
It was 32Kg/ cm2 . This baked product is glazed and fed to a roller hearth kiln (roller pitch 70 mm) with the direction of extraction from the molding machine as the conveyance direction.
When 1,000 completely porcelain tiles were produced by firing at 1,200℃ for one hour, the product defect rate due to distortion, warping, etc. was only 0.8%.
比較例 １
圧延ローラにかける際、真空土練機の抜出し方
向と直交する方向に圧延した以外は実施例１と同
様にして〓焼物を製造したところ、結晶の配向性
が不均一に乱れて方向性のない組成構造となり、
曲げ強度は何れの方向も26Kg／cm2と低いものであ
つた。この〓焼物を前記抜出し方向と同一方向に
搬送しながらローラハースキルンで焼成したとこ
ろ、部分的な変形や歪みおよび亀裂の発生が見ら
れ、製品不良率は28％であつた。Comparative Example 1 A pottery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the rolled material was rolled in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extraction from the vacuum kneading machine when it was applied to the rolling roller. It becomes a compositional structure with no gender,
The bending strength was as low as 26 kg/cm 2 in either direction. When this baked product was fired in a roller hearth kiln while being conveyed in the same direction as the extraction direction, partial deformation, distortion, and cracking were observed, and the product defect rate was 28%.
比較例 ２
抜出し方向と直交する方向を搬送方向として焼
成した以外は実施例１と同様にしてタイルを製造
したところ、多くの製品の側辺が変形し、製品不
良率は23％であつた。Comparative Example 2 Tiles were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing direction was set perpendicular to the direction of extraction, and the sides of many of the products were deformed, and the product defect rate was 23%.
比較例 ３
粉末成形法により実施例１と同じ寸法の生地を
生成し、同様に焼成してタイルを製造したとこ
ろ、歪み、変形による製品不良率は35％以上であ
つた。Comparative Example 3 A fabric with the same dimensions as in Example 1 was produced using a powder molding method and fired in the same manner to produce tiles. The product defect rate due to distortion and deformation was 35% or more.
以上、本発明によれば、例えば面積30cm×30cm
以上、厚さ８mm以下の大型で薄い板状陶磁器製品
であつても高い平面精度を保ち、効率よく製造す
ることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, for example, an area of 30 cm x 30 cm
As described above, even large and thin plate-shaped ceramic products with a thickness of 8 mm or less can be manufactured efficiently while maintaining high flatness accuracy.
〔発明の効果〕
本発明によれば、板状生地の抜出し、圧延およ
び焼成時の搬送を特定方向に行うことにより、例
えばローラーハースキルンで迅速焼成を行つて板
状生地の進行先端部と後端部においてヒートカー
ブによる温度差（例えば50℃〜200℃）が生じて
も、歪み、変形、クラツク等が発生することもな
く、良質の陶磁器板を製造することができ、製品
不良率を２％〜５％以下に抑えることができる。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, by extracting, rolling, and transporting the plate-shaped dough in a specific direction, for example, rapid firing is performed in a roller hearth kiln, and the leading edge and rear of the plate-shaped dough are separated. Even if a temperature difference (for example, 50℃ to 200℃) occurs due to a heat curve at the edge, high-quality ceramic plates can be manufactured without distortion, deformation, cracks, etc., and the product defect rate can be reduced by 2. % to 5% or less.
Claims (1)
筒状の生地を開いて板状生地とし、該板状生地を
前記成形機からの抜出し方向と同一方向に圧延し
たのち乾燥し、前記抜出し方向が搬送方向となる
ようにローラーハースキルンで焼成することを特
徴とする陶磁器板の製造方法。1 Open a cylindrical dough with a curved cross section that has been extracted from a molding machine to obtain a plate-shaped dough, roll the plate-shaped dough in the same direction as the direction in which it is extracted from the molding machine, and then dry it, and A method for manufacturing ceramic plates, characterized by firing in a roller hearth kiln so that the direction is the conveyance direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17452881A JPS5876208A (en) | 1981-11-02 | 1981-11-02 | Manufacture of porcelain board |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17452881A JPS5876208A (en) | 1981-11-02 | 1981-11-02 | Manufacture of porcelain board |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5876208A JPS5876208A (en) | 1983-05-09 |
| JPH0160403B2 true JPH0160403B2 (en) | 1989-12-22 |
Family
ID=15980098
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17452881A Granted JPS5876208A (en) | 1981-11-02 | 1981-11-02 | Manufacture of porcelain board |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5876208A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02141903U (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1990-11-30 | ||
| JP2008308354A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-25 | Shoichi Miyasaka | Porcelain tile and its manufacturing method |
| JP2008308353A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-25 | Shoichi Miyasaka | Porcelain tile and its manufacturing method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH075348B2 (en) * | 1985-05-22 | 1995-01-25 | 株式会社クレー・バーン・セラミックス | Kneaded clay composition and ceramics utilizing its characteristics |
-
1981
- 1981-11-02 JP JP17452881A patent/JPS5876208A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02141903U (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1990-11-30 | ||
| JP2008308354A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-25 | Shoichi Miyasaka | Porcelain tile and its manufacturing method |
| JP2008308353A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-25 | Shoichi Miyasaka | Porcelain tile and its manufacturing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5876208A (en) | 1983-05-09 |
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