JPH0155965B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention provides joints for joining materials in the longitudinal direction and connections for joining materials in a crosswise manner in wooden buildings, etc. This invention relates to a joint and a joint processing machine that process longitudinal ends.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when processing joints and connections at both ends of a workpiece in the longitudinal direction, the first method is to arrange two processing machines a and b back to back as shown in FIG. A method in which the left end of the workpiece W is processed with the right processing machine a, and then the workpiece W is moved to the left, and the right end of the workpiece W is processed with the left processing machine b; As a method for this, there is a method in which two processing machines a and b are placed at the left and right ends of the workpiece W, as shown in Fig. 7, and both ends of the workpiece W are processed. The disadvantage was that the equipment cost increased because two processing machines were required.

Next, as a third method, as shown in Fig. 8, a turntable c to which a workpiece W is fixed is installed adjacent to one processing machine a, and the workpiece W is turned over to process both ends of the workpiece W. There is a method for doing this, but since the maximum length of ordinary processed wooden construction materials reaches about 6 m, there is a drawback that a large space in the width direction is required to turn over such processed materials.

In addition, in any of the above methods, processing machines a,
When the number of cutter shafts (b) is small, the cutter must be replaced each time various types of joints and joints are processed, which is troublesome and inefficient.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention is equipped with a single processing machine so that a plurality of cutter shafts can be freely selected and used, and in addition, various types of joints can be attached to both ends of the cutter shaft without reversing the workpiece. ,
The purpose is to provide a processing machine that can process shikuchi.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The joint and joint processing machine according to the present invention move the Y-axis elevating body held on the rear part of the X-axis slide base whose movement is controlled in the front-back direction in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. The front surface of the turret motor base, which is fixed to a shaft that can be moved in a controlled manner and that can be rotated intermittently at predetermined angles and protrudes forward from the Y-axis elevating body, has mutual intervals that are equal to the intermittent rotation angle of the shaft. A plurality of cutters of different types connected to the drive source are installed in the radial direction, and a base that is controlled to move up and down is provided on the front part of the X-axis slide base, and stopper bodies are installed on both ends of the base. A guide body whose movement is controlled with two or more strokes in the direction is provided, and the stopper body is equipped with a detection switch that detects when the workpiece conveyed from the conveyor comes into contact and stops the conveyance of the workpiece. At the same time, one or more rollers are installed above the stopper body to act as a conveyor for the workpiece, and on both left and right sides within the range of movement of the turret motor base and the stopper body in the longitudinal direction, there is a rotary drive-controlled machining roller. A feature is that a work material conveyance and clamping device having a material conveyance roller and a vise device is provided.

(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 designates a bed for a joint and joint processing machine, and a pair of slide rails 1' and 1' are formed in the upper center of the bed 1 in the X direction (front and back direction in Figure 1), and the bottom part is a slide rail. The X-axis slide base 2 fitted on the slide rails 1' and 1' can be moved along the slide rails 1' and 1'.

Next, the rear of the X-axis slide base 2 in Figure 1 (second
1 in the Z direction (left and right direction in Figure 1)
A pair of slide rails 2', 2' are formed so that the Z-axis slide base 3, whose bottom portion is fitted into the slide rails 2', 2', can move along the slide rails 2', 2'. There is.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a gearbox fixed to the rear end of the bed 1, and the rotation of a servo motor 5 attached to the gearbox 4 is transmitted to the X-axis male screw 8 via gears 6 and 7. The X-axis male screw 8 is connected to the X-axis slide base 2 via the bracket 10.
Therefore, when the servo motor 5 rotates, the X-axis slide base 2 is guided by the slide rails 1', 1' and moves in the X direction. The tip of the X-axis male screw 8 is rotatably received by a receiving metal 11.

On the other hand, the Z-axis slide base 3 has a female thread 1.
2 is fixed, and the Z-axis male screw 13, which is rotatably supported in the Z direction by receiving metals 14 and 15 fixed to the rear upper surface of the X-axis slide base 2, is screwed in.
The Z-axis male thread 13 is connected by a coupling 17 to a gear motor 16 fixed to a motor base 18 attached to the rear part of the X-axis slide base 2. Therefore, when the gear motor 16 rotates, the Z-axis slide base 3 is guided by the slide rails 2', 2' and moves in the Z direction. Note that a rotary encoder 1 is installed at the right end of the Z-axis male screw 13.
9 are connected to count the number of revolutions of the Z-axis male screw 13, thereby detecting the position of the Z-axis slide base 3.

Next, a column 20 is erected at the upper rear part of the Z-axis slide base 3, and two guide shafts 21, 21 are erected in front of it in parallel in the Z direction.
A gear box 22 fixed to the upper end of the column 20 supports the upper ends of the guide shafts 21, 21.

Next, a Y-axis elevating body 23 is fitted into the guide shafts 21, 21 so as to be slidable in the Y direction (vertical direction), and the bracket 2 is inserted from the upper end surface of the Y-axis elevating body 23.
4, stand up the Y-axis male screw 25 fixed at
The upper part of the shaft male screw 25 is screwed into a female screw 26 rotatably supported inside the gear box 22. A gear 29 is fixed to the female thread 26 and meshes with a gear 28 attached to the rotating shaft of a servo motor 27 fixed to the upper part of the gear box 22. Therefore, when the servo motor 27 rotates, the female screw 26 rotates via the gears 28 and 29.
Therefore, the Y-axis elevating body 23 has a Y-axis male screw 25 erected.
is guided by the guide shafts 21, 21 and moves in the Y direction. Note that 30 is a cylindrical cover that accommodates the upper end of the Y-axis male screw 25.

31 is a bearing 33 inside the Y-axis elevating body 23,
34 is a disc-shaped turret motor base fixed to the tip of a shaft 32 rotatably supported, and a gear 35 fixed to the rear of the shaft 32 is a gear motor 37 attached to the Y-axis elevating body 23. It meshes with a fixed gear 36 on the rotating shaft.
Therefore, when the gear motor 37 rotates, the gear 3
A turret motor base 31 fixed to the shaft 32 rotates via 6 and 35. A rotary encoder 38 is connected to the rear end of the shaft 32 to form a turret motor base 31.
It is controlled to rotate intermittently in 90° increments.

A cylinder 39 is provided at the lower part of the Y-axis elevating body 23 and faces from the X direction to the left and right center line of the turret motor base 31, and a lock shaft 40 is fixed to the piston rod of the cylinder 39. 4 positions on concentric circles forming 90° angles (index positions)
An index lock recess 41 is formed in the recess 41, and when the turret motor base 31 rotates intermittently in 90° increments and any index lock recess 41 comes to a position corresponding to the lock shaft 40, the lock shaft 40 protrudes and is fitted. However, the indexing position is made accurate and the rotation of the turret motor base 31 is locked.

Next, on the surface of the turret motor base 31, there are mutually arranged positions corresponding to the index positions.
Forming an angle of 90°, dovetail machining motor 42W,
Stool, motor 43 for kamaosu, motor 44 for stand processing, bearing case 4 for kamafes processing
5 are attached in the radial direction. The shaft 46 of the motor 43 for the seat and kamaosu, which extends toward the side opposite to the cutter, is connected via a coupling ring 47 to the base end of a kama knife processing shaft 48 that passes through the inside of the kama knife processing bearing case 45. A collection chuck 49 is attached to the tip of 48. Therefore, the Kamamesu machining shaft 48 is a seat,
It is rotationally driven by a Kamaos motor 43.
Incidentally, the hammer knife machining shaft 48 may be rotationally driven by a separate motor.

A dovetail cutter 50 is connected to the motor 42 for dovetail processing via a collect chuck 54, and a seat is connected to the shaft of the motor 43 for dovetail processing, and a cutter 51 for dovetail processing is connected to the motor 4 for processing with a stand.
A holding cutter 52 is attached to 4, and a hammer knife cutter 53 is attached to the collet chuck 49 attached to the hammer knife processing shaft 48, respectively.

As above, install the turret motor base 31.
On the turret tool rest formed above, there are four kinds of cutters 50, 51, 52, and 53 at the positions corresponding to 3 o'clock, 6 o'clock, 9 o'clock, and 12 o'clock on the clock face, respectively, as described above. Alternatively, the 9 o'clock position is the cutting position.

Next, to explain the stopper/conveyor unit, a stopper elevating guide 55 is erected at the front part of the X-axis slide base 2, and the stopper elevating guide 55 has two elevating guide shafts 56 parallel to each other in the Z direction. are fitted to be slidable in the Y direction, and a base 57 is fixed to the upper end portions of the two elevating guide shafts 56. The tip of the piston rod of a cylinder 58 erected in the Y direction on the X-axis slide base 2 is connected to the bottom surface of the base 57, so that the base 57 is controlled to move up and down by the cylinder 58.

On the base 57, receiving metals 59 are attached at four locations to slidably support a pair of guide shafts 60, 60 oriented in the Z direction, and both ends of the pair of guide shafts 60, 60 are fixed to stopper bodies 62 and 65, respectively.

61, 64 are stopper plates pivotally connected to the stopper bodies 62, 65 by pins 63, 66 and rotatable outward;
It is normally in a slightly rotated position (positions 61', 64' in FIG. 5) pushed outward by a means such as a spring (not shown). When the stopper plates 61, 64 come into contact with the workpiece W, which will be described later, they are pushed back to the positions shown in FIG.
Press 8 to turn it on, which signals the completion of positioning of the workpiece W.

On the other hand, a cylinder bracket 69 is erected at one end of the base 57 to fix the tip of the piston rod of the cylinder 70, and the cap side of the cylinder 70 is connected to the cap side of the cylinder 71. The distal end portion is fixed to the stopper body 65 via a bracket 72. Since the cylinder 70 has a predetermined stroke S and the cylinder 71 has a stroke 2S, which is twice that, both cylinders 70, 71 are used as shown in FIG.
is in the "on" state, the stopper plate 6
If cylinders 70 and 71 are set so that cylinder 1 is at a distance l1 from the right table 78, which will be described later,
The stopper plate 61 can be stopped at any position where the distance between the stopper plate 61 and the table 78 is 11+S, 11+2S, 11+3S by selectively or both being in the "out" state. In contrast, the distance between the stopper plate 64 and the left table 78 is l2+3S when both cylinders 70 and 71 are in the "on" state.
If set to , this distance will be sequentially l2+2S,
It becomes l2+S, l2. That is, both stopper plates 61 and 64 can each obtain four different positions with respect to table 78. In this embodiment, l1 and l2 are set equal.

73, 74, 75, 76 are the receiving metals 5
9. A bearing metal mounted on the stopper body 62, 65, and the bearing metal 73, 74, 75, 7
6 pivotally supports rollers 77 whose tops are at the same height. Each roller 77 may be driven by a drive device such as a motor.

Next, a pair of workpiece conveying and clamping devices are formed on both sides of the turret tool rest and stopper/conveyor device in the Z direction, but since these are completely symmetrically constructed, as shown in FIG. Based on FIG. 3, only the left side workpiece conveyance and clamping device will be explained.

A table 78 is fixed to the upper surface of the left end of the bed 1, and a pair of horizontal vice guide metals 79, 79 are fixed to both ends of the top of the table 78 in the X direction. to 2
A pair of front and rear side vise bodies 8 which slide in the X direction while being guided by the book side vise guide shafts 80, 80.
1,81 are fitted. These horizontal vise guide metal 79 and horizontal vise guide shaft 8
0. The horizontal vice body 81 constitutes a so-called centripetal vice.

Next, 82 is a pair of horizontal vise guide metals 79,
It is a gate-shaped vise column with both end bases fixed on top of the vise column 82, and a cylinder 83 is attached to the center top of the vise column 82 facing downward, and an upper vise body 8 is attached to the lower end of the piston rod of the cylinder 83.
4 is installed.

In addition, receiving metals 85 are fixed to the four corners of the table 78, and rollers 86 are attached to shafts rotatably interposed between each pair of receiving metals 85 parallel to each other in the X direction. One end protrudes outward from the receiving metal 85 and connects to the chain sprocket 8.
7 is installed.

On the other hand, a chain sprocket 90 is attached to the shaft of a gear motor 89 placed on a motor base 88 attached to the table 78, and the chain sprocket 90 and the pair of chain sprockets 8
7, 87, and an idler sprocket 91 attached to a predetermined portion of the table 78, an endless roller chain 92 is suspended.

(Function) Next, to explain the function of this embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. The slide base is moved, and then the stopper/conveyor unit is raised so that the stopper plate 61 can come into contact with the end surface of the workpiece W being conveyed from the right side in FIG. 3.

Next, the cylinders 70 and 71 are operated to stop the stopper plate 61 relative to the table 78 at one of the four stopping positions. The advantages of such action are as follows.

That is, when machining the workpiece W, unless the workpiece is cut as close to the vise as possible, the workpiece W will overhang, resulting in instability and so-called chatter, and the machining dimensional accuracy may deteriorate due to bending of the workpiece. It gets worse. For this reason, it is necessary to change the stopper position, in other words, the clamp position, depending on the length of the joint or joint in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece, and this is to meet this need. In the above embodiment, when cutting the workpiece W, the clamp position of the right end or left end of the workpiece W is l1 or l2 with respect to the table 78 in the case of large-cut dovetailing, pillar leaning, dovetailing, horizontal inserting, and trunk inserting. position, l1+S or l2+S for hook joint, tea mortar, headpiece and dovetail
If the joint is relatively short, it is clamped at the l1+2S or l2+2S position, and if the joint is long, it is clamped at the l1+3S or l2+3S position.

Next, when the workpiece W is conveyed from the conveyor C1 on the right side, the left end surface of the workpiece W comes into contact with the stopper plate 61 and is positioned. 81, and is clamped by the upper vice body 84.

Next, the cylinder 58 is operated to lower the stopper/conveyor device, and the gear motor 37 is driven to rotate the turret tool rest at an arbitrary angle to position the cutter necessary for processing at the 3 o'clock direction on the clock face. After moving the X-axis slide base 2 forward and bringing it close to the workpiece W, the cutter is moved in the X direction (by movement of the X-axis slide base 2) and in the Z direction (by moving the Z-axis slide base 2). 3) and in the Y direction (by the movement of the Y-axis elevating body 23), the workpiece W is cut into an arbitrary shape. At this time, since the workpiece conveyance and clamping device is formed a predetermined distance in front of the turret tool post, it does not interfere with the cutting process. Furthermore, if it is desired to use two or more types of cutters when machining joints or joints at the same location, this can be easily done by once retracting the turret tool rest, rotating it at an arbitrary angle, and then moving it forward to the machining position again.

In addition, in the cutting process, the shaft of the kamame cutter 53 is connected to the bearing case 45 for kamame knife machining.
The reason for this structure is as follows.

That is, since the cutting resistance of the kamame cutter 53 is large, and the shape of the cutter requires a large diameter shaft, it is more advantageous to configure it with a large diameter bearing case. The weight of the turret turret can be reduced due to the savings.
It is possible to reduce manufacturing costs and simplify electrical control.

When the machining is completed, the workpiece W is unclamped, the turret tool rest is retracted backward, and the workpiece transport and clamping device is returned to its original position in the X direction.
Then, the processed material W is transferred to the conveyor C1 and the roller 86.
Alternatively, if a driving device is attached, the sheet is passed over the roller 77 and moved onto the conveyor C2 on the left side. When the right end of the workpiece W reaches the left table 78, the movement of the workpiece W is stopped by detection by a photoelectric switch (not shown).

Then, place 9 on the clock face against the right end of the processed material W.
Cutting is performed by the cutter positioned in the direction of time, and the workpiece W, which has been cut at both left and right ends, is conveyed to the left by the conveyor C2.

Incidentally, examples of joints or joints formed by cutting according to this embodiment include those shown in FIGS.

(Effects) The joint and joint processing machine according to the present invention can provide four types of clamping devices for workpieces, and thus can provide joints and joints.
Since it is possible to clamp the clamp appropriately according to the length of the joint, the machining accuracy is good and so-called chatter does not occur.

Further, since the stopper/conveyor device serves both as a stopper for the workpiece and as an intermediate conveyor, the mechanism can be simplified and the device does not interfere with the cutting process of the cutter even without providing a special evacuation device.

In addition, by using the cutters at the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions on the turret tool post and installing vises on both sides, this processing machine can process joints and joints at both ends of the workpiece without reversing the workpiece. Can be done.

Further, from the above points, it is possible to reduce the installation space, machine cost, and equipment cost.

Furthermore, the turret tool post is equipped with four types of cutters, allowing you to quickly and quickly select and use cutters, allowing for a wide variety of joint and joint processing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of a joint and a joint processing machine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a left side view thereof (workpiece conveyance and clamping device are omitted), Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1,
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the action of the stopper/conveyor device as a stopper, Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the processing state of joints and joints in processed materials, and Figs. 6 to 8 are simplified illustrations of conventional examples. It is a diagram. 2... X-axis slide base, 3... Z-axis slide base, 23... Y-axis elevating body, 31... Turret motor base, 50... Dovetail cutter, 51
...Stool, Kamao cutter, 52... Stand-held cutter, 53... Kamame cutter, 61, 64
... Stopper plate, 77 ... Roller, 8
1...Horizontal vice body, 84...Upper vice body, 86...
…roller.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A Y-axis elevating body held on the rear part of an X-axis slide base whose movement is controlled in the front-rear direction can be controlled to move in the left-right direction and in the vertical direction, and the Y-axis elevating body is capable of moving forward from the Y-axis elevating body. On the front surface of the turret motor base, which is fixed to a protruding shaft that can be rotated intermittently at predetermined angles, a plurality of cutters of different types are connected to drive sources in the radial direction at mutual intervals equal to the intermittent rotation angle of the shaft. On the other hand, a base is provided on the front part of the X-axis slide base, and a stopper body is attached to both ends of the base, and a guide whose movement is controlled in the left and right direction with two or more strokes. A detection switch is installed on the stopper body to detect when the workpiece carried by the conveyor comes into contact and stop the conveyance of the workpiece, and also to act as a conveyor for the workpiece above the stopper body. A workpiece conveyor having one or more rollers attached thereto, and rollers for conveying the workpiece whose rotational drive is controlled and a vice device on both left and right sides within the range of movement in the longitudinal direction of the turret motor base and the stopper body; A joint and joint processing machine characterized by being equipped with a clamp device. 2 Among the plurality of cutters attached to the turret motor base, the rotating shafts of a pair of cutters attached in opposite directions are connected so that they can rotate together, so that they are driven by a single drive source. A joint and a joint processing machine according to claim 1. 3. Claims characterized in that the machining shaft of the kamame cutter is constituted by a bearing case, and the bearing case is co-rotatably connected to a rotating shaft connected to a drive source of a different type of cutter installed in the opposite direction of the kamame cutter. The joint and joint processing machine described in item 2.