JPH01500045A - Method and device for supplying stratified mixture to spark ignition engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Method and device for supplying stratified mixture to spark ignition engine The present invention is directed to a spark ignition engine. A method and apparatus for supplying a stratified mixture to a spark plug, the method and apparatus comprising: Regarding methods and equipment for supplying a layer of aiki and a thin mixture to other areas. Ru.

By supplying the air-fuel mixture to the spark ignition engine in layers, it is possible to run the engine with a very lean air-fuel mixture. I can run Jin. This results in fuel efficiency comparable to that of a diesel engine. At the same time, reduce the Go-, CH-, and NOx content in the exhaust gas. Can be done.

The practical difficulty in supplying such a stratified mixture is that the lambda in the cylinder is greater than 1.5. Even if there is a larger mixture, the ignition process may proceed normally. mixture As the powder becomes thinner, the amount of powder containing harmful substances decreases.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for igniting such lean mixtures so that very lean mixtures can be ignited. The purpose is to achieve normal combustion using care.

The present invention solves the above object by pressurizing a rich air-fuel mixture and supplying it to the spark plug. Decide.

This method provides a completely new solution. Conventionally, the lean mixture is determined by the suction pressure. It was introduced only by Therefore, if you try to ignite normally, the Therefore, a rich mixture was required.

The gist of the present invention is that a rich air-fuel mixture is pressurized and introduced into the spark plug. How does this pressure form in the piston head and the cooperating cylinder wall? Whether it will be done or not is not included in the abstract. This pressure may be formed as appropriate independent of the present invention. It is obvious that the compressive force can be obtained from the compressive force.

Therefore, the core of the present invention is that the rich air-fuel mixture is accelerated and becomes a jet that reaches the spark plug. The lean mixture to be filled into the combustion chamber is supplied to the combustion chamber first. There is almost no mixing with the rich mixture jet, and the rich mixture is ignited first and then The resulting pilot flame stream is mixed with a lean air-fuel mixture and the entire mixture is ignited. There is a particular thing.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the rich mixture passes through at least a negative bottleneck to the spark plug. The rich mixture is then accelerated in this bottleneck and forms a jet that enters the combustion chamber. and hits the spark plug on the opposite side of the combustion chamber. On the other hand, a dilute mixture Aiki is introduced into the combustion chamber through another valve formed outside the bottleneck. This causes ignition The plug only encounters rich mixtures, and this mixture is particularly good and sure to ignite. The resulting pilot flame stream fills the combustion chamber. The lean mixture is completely ignited. In other words, the lean mixture is the pilot Since it is ignited by the flame flow, it is ignited well and there is virtually no unburned part. Burn.

In another embodiment of the invention, the directionality of the flow of the rich mixture toward the spark plug is This is improved by extending the bottleneck provided in the first embodiment toward the spark plug. It will be done. That is, the bottleneck extends into the combustion chamber and is located on the upper side of the cylinder head wall. extending through the area between the cut valves.

This extends the length of the bottleneck toward the spark plug, improving acceleration of rich mixtures. Furthermore, the directionality of the flow toward the spark plug is improved.

The above embodiment is further developed to form a narrow channel extending over almost the entire width of the combustion chamber. It can also be done. In this case, the rich mixture introduced from the intake valve crosses the combustion chamber. It is accelerated and reaches the spark plug.

This long bottleneck is connected to a central bottleneck that allows passage into the combustion chamber. extend as long as possible. The length of this bottleneck is limited only by the opposing cylinder head wall I II LIMITED.

This connected central bottleneck takes over the mixture already pressurized in the first bottleneck; It is preferable to further accelerate the air-fuel mixture to be discharged from the mouth toward the spark plug. Gives high acceleration.

The direction of this central bottleneck can also be diverted from the direction of the longer outer bottlenecks.

In the first embodiment, the air-fuel mixture introduced into the long bottleneck in the combustion chamber is at approximately the center of the combustion chamber (v Regarding the height of the baking chamber A), no substantial rotation occurs. On the other hand, the central bottleneck is on the upper side. centrally because it extends in the direction of the cylinder head wall and is continuous with the flow guide means of the combustion chamber. A strongly rotating vortex is formed at the end of the spark plug, which hits the spark plug.

Another variation of this principle is that the outer defile has a similar slope to the inner central defile, and Both bottlenecks are constructed obliquely to the upper cylinder head wall.

In this case, the vortex formed by the outer bottleneck is the center part formed by the central bottleneck. The rotation is similar to that of a vortex.

The rich air-fuel mixture is pressurized and introduced toward the spark plug, and at the same time generates rotation in the combustion chamber. This provides an improved ignition process that is effective over a wide range of conditions.

In one embodiment of the device of the present invention, the combustion chamber is formed in a basin-like recess formed in the piston head. There is a recess formed in the surface of the cylinder head that cooperates with this, and there is also a recess formed in the combustion chamber. A bottleneck defined by the piston head and the cylinder head surface facing it is formed. This first bottleneck opens into the combustion chamber, and no matter the direction of the bottleneck, the rotation Forms a laminar flow that does not rotate.

Also, if the bottleneck is directed towards the upper cylinder head wall, the first rotating vortex form. In that case, a piston located approximately in the center of the first bottleneck and an extension of the first bottleneck. A second bottleneck is formed between the cylinder head and the opposing cylinder head surface. . This second bottleneck creates a second rotating vortex that reaches the spark plug.

That is, a first bottleneck extends across the combustion chamber and a rich intake of air flows from the first intake valve of the combustion chamber. A mixture is introduced to form a first rotating vortex. In the center of this first intake valve -This is the same as saying it is roughly in the center of the piston head, but it is another layer that is continuous with the bottleneck of layer 1. A second rotating vortex is formed that goes straight to the spark plug. It will be done.

In this embodiment, the first bottleneck is formed over its entire width towards the cylinder head wall. and two slowly rotating vortices are formed on both outer sides. This is the first It is a vortex formed by a wide narrow channel. These vortices on both outer sides are caused by the speed at the center. separated by a rapidly rotating central vortex. Rotate this central vortex faster In order to achieve this goal, a central defile is formed next to the wide defile. this central void The flow entering the channel already has a large initial velocity at the entrance to this second bottleneck. and is accelerated even more strongly in this second bottleneck. As a result, at high speed in the central part, A rotating vortex is formed and goes straight to the spark plug. ignite in this way A relatively rich air-fuel mixture is supplied to the plug, which ignites immediately and reliably, allowing the pilot to A flame stream forms. This pilot flame flow is almost parallel to the rotating vortex flow. It is introduced into the combustion chamber and its rotation is further increased. A vortex rotating at high speed in this central part The flow in this case includes a pilot flame flow, with a vortex rotating laterally. quickly and reliably due to the pilot flame stream, which advances towards the and fully ignited.

This ensures that the air-fuel mixture rotating in the combustion chamber is ignited.

Since the combustion of the rich mixture introduced under pressure according to the invention is very powerful, Can significantly reduce NOx- and Go- contents while maintaining normal combustion process That has been proven.

Various methods of pressurizing the rich mixture and directing it to the spark plug are possible within the scope of the present invention. Ru. The preferred embodiment accomplishes this by using the simplest bottleneck.

Examples of using a sub-combustion chamber to burn rich mixtures did not produce the desired results.

As a result of the combustion chamber being separated, the number of CHs increased and the fuel consumption also fell below the expected value. Ta.

For example, stratified fuel injection systems with special direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber, such as Ford's Procomotor, The state aiki supply method produces a continuous change in rotation speed and is automatic despite a long development period. Satisfactory results have not been obtained in the field of automotive engines. Also, this system It costs money and is expensive.

Other features of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

The gist of the present invention does not consist only of the gist of each individual patent claim, but rather the gist of each individual patent claim. It also includes combinations of claims.

Any of the features disclosed herein, particularly the spatial configurations illustrated, alone or in combination. Any new invention compared to the current state of the art can be claimed as the gist of the invention. be done.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments and drawings. Drawings and their explanations The features of the present invention will become clearer.

FIG. 1 shows the present invention, in which the position of the valve and suction pipe provided on the upper side is indicated by wavy lines. Piston piston in which a combustion chamber having a first long bottleneck is formed according to the first embodiment A plan view of the piston head: FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the piston head of FIG. 1 taken along line AB.

Figure 3 shows a long neck with the location of the valve and suction pipe located on the upper side indicated by wavy lines. The piston head of a piston is formed with a combustion chamber having a conduit and a central narrowing passage. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the piston head of FIG. 3 taken along line A-8.

Figure 5 shows the valve opening timing curves of the three valves.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the combustion chamber along the line Vl-Vl in the second diagram.

The piston 1 reciprocates within the cylinder 11. This piston is at top dead center are shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. The cylinder 11 is closed at the top by the cylinder head 10. This cylinder head 10 is provided with three valves 2.3.4 shown in FIG. Ru. Valve 2 and 3 are intake valves and valve 4 is an exhaust valve. Air-fuel mixture is sucked into intake valve 3. The air-fuel mixture is supplied to the intake valve 2 via a separate intake pipe 6. It will be done.

The exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust valve 4 is not shown for clarity.

The combustion chamber 12 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is connected to the piston head 27 of the piston 1. It is formed between the opposite surfaces of the cylinder head 10. Same parts have the same references Indicated by number.

A basin-shaped recess 28 is formed in the piston head 27, and this recess 28 has an upper surface. Cooperates with opposing rounded cylinder head surfaces.

A predetermined guide wall 26 is formed in the basin-shaped recess 28, and a similar guide wall is formed in the cylinder. It is also formed in the upper part of the head.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment in which a rich mixture is pressurized and this rich mixture The air is guided to the spark plug 5 provided on the opposite side of the intake valve 2 that introduces the air.

The cylinder head 27 forms a bottleneck 16 extending in the width direction of the combustion chamber 12. 16 is a substantially flat surface of the cylinder head 27 and a cylinder extending opposite thereto; It is formed between the head 10 and the flat surface of the head 10. A rich mixture is introduced into this bottleneck 16. An intake valve 2 is provided for this purpose.

In the state shown in Fig. 2, the intake valve 2 has just closed, and the rich air-fuel mixture 6 is introduced into the combustion chamber as a flow 29, encounters the spark plug 5, and is ignited. Ru. The pilot flame stream 22 (see Figure 4) formed in this rich mixture is combusted. Promotes the rotation of the air-fuel mixture generated in the combustion chamber and completely removes the thin air-fuel mixture filled in the combustion chamber. Make sure it ignites.

In the above embodiment, the bottleneck 16 is formed obliquely and the flows 29 are arranged opposite each other in the wedge-shaped combustion chamber. Also included is a variant in which the spark plug is guided precisely to the spark plug that has been blown.

The embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4 has a first bottleneck 1 compared to the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. The difference is that there is another central bottleneck behind 6.

As in the first embodiment, a first bottleneck 16 is located on the piston head 27 on the left side of FIG. The flat surface of the piston head 27 and the cylinder head that opposes and cooperates with this piston head. 10 flat wall surfaces. The bottleneck 16 is shown in FIG. 3 as in the first embodiment. tJA extends over substantially the entire width of the baking chamber. Discharged from this bottleneck 16 In the first embodiment, the flow 29 flows straight through the combustion chamber 12 and expands outward. A rotating vortex 39 is not formed. Therefore, only in the center due to this central bottleneck. A rotating vortex 38 is formed. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the bottleneck 16 is formed obliquely with respect to the lower side of the valve 3.4, so that the flow discharged from the bottleneck 16 is 29 is a guide curved portion in the wall surface of the cylinder head 10 and a recess in the piston head. 26, the direction is changed and the vortex 39 flows as shown by the arrow 21 (see Figure 6). ) is formed in the mixture 23.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the vortex 39 is formed along the arrow 20 by the bottom of the recess 28. as a result of which the wide confinement 16 extends over the entire width of the combustion chamber 12. An existing vortex 2!39 is formed.

Another defile 19 is connected to the center of the wide defile 16 corresponding to Figures 3 and 6. be done. This bottleneck 19 is located between the valves 3.4 formed on the cylinder head 10. extends to Therefore, the defile 19 becomes an extension of the wider defile 16 behind it. The fuel-air mixture is already accelerated from the bottleneck 16 and has a relatively high initial velocity. be done. Furthermore, as shown by arrow 14 (see Figure 4), acceleration is made, and this bottleneck 1 9 creates a flow faster than the flow 29 formed by the bottleneck 16 in the center of the combustion chamber 12. is formed.

As a result, a vortex 38 rotating at high speed is formed in the center of the combustion chamber, and the opposing cylinder The spark plug is guided straight to the spark plug provided on the driver head 10. central defile 19 4IA greatly protrudes into the combustion chamber 12, and ignition occurs from the volume of the combustion chamber and the bottleneck 19. The distance to the plug 5 is reduced by this projection. This is acceleration due to bottleneck 18 It is advantageous because it contributes to the promotion of

In the intake stroke, the intake valve 3 opens first, and exhaust gas or very much gas flows through this valve 3. Fresh air with a lean mixture is inhaled. Then the intake valve 2 opens and the carburetor Or a rich mixture is inhaled from the injection device.

As a result, air or a very lean mixture is introduced into the lower part of the combustion chamber of the engine. Air or a mixture of lean and rich mixtures is then formed. cylinder 11 The upper part of the cylinder chamber is filled with rich air-fuel mixture through the intake valve 2 while the intake valve 3 is closed. will be provided. The rich mixture introduced via the open intake valve 2 is first through a second bottleneck 16 and then through a second bottleneck 19 to reach its final velocity. The flow is further accelerated and enters the combustion chamber 12 as a high-speed flow 18, which is connected to the ignition ignition provided opposite to the combustion chamber 12. The central constriction 19 which is connected to the plug 5 may be an extension of the centrally provided intake valve 2. (The air-fuel mixture passes through the bottlenecks 16 and 19 formed one after the other.) is strongly accelerated, forming a flow 18 in the combustion chamber 12 similar to that described above. is discharged. This high velocity flow is reliably ignited. formed in this way Pilot flame stream 22 circulates generally parallel to combustion chamber 12 in a preferred embodiment. is introduced into the rotating vortices R38, 39, and as a result the vortices 38,39 are applied even more strongly. At the same time, the pilot flame stream rotates at high speed in the center of the vortex stream 38. to the side streams 29 and 39 to ensure that streams 29 and 39 are ignited. Ru.

At that time, the auxiliary chamber 2 of the cylinder head 10 into which the spark plug 5 was drawn from the combustion chamber 12 Advantageously, it is provided within 4. This auxiliary chamber 24 is defined by a slope 25, and is The flame flow 22 is parallel to the flow 38.39 in the combustion chamber 12 in the same way as previously described. It is formed so that it intersects with.

As shown in the embodiment of FIG. formed by. This protrusion 3o is shaped on both sides as seen from the plan view. It has a wedge-like shape projecting between the parts of the valve 3.4. Projection 3 0 is defined in a wedge shape by a front surface 31 and a side surface 32 extending obliquely from the front surface 31. It will be done. At that time, extend the central bottleneck 19 toward the spark plug 5 as long as possible to make the spark plug 5 darker. The f! It's important Ru.

The valve 2 is connected to the valve 2 through the passages 6 and 7 in order to simplify the formation of lean and rich mixtures. ．． All mixtures supplied to 3 are formed by a single carburetor or fuel injection device. Then, the air-fuel mixture is diluted with air at a point M9 before the valve 3. This air addition It may also take place in an intermediate member 8 between the intake manifold and the cylinder head. 11 111 is controlled by a control valve or other valve connected to the opening/closing device of the carburetor speed regulating valve. It is done. The air addition control is closed when the engine is idling. ing. Also, use exhaust gas or a mixture of exhaust gas and air instead of fresh air. You can also do that.

The stratified mixture supply is not strictly separated, and the rich mixture and air are mixed with each other during intake. Proper mixing of fuel can be achieved by mixing transitionally at the contact points and during the compression stroke. can be completely burned. This allows the point to be turned off unless stratified mixture supply is used. It is now possible to ignite even in conditions of excess air where ignition is impossible, and fuel consumption is greatly reduced. The CO-, CH- and NOx-contents are greatly reduced. Lambda is greater than 1.5 Combustion is now possible even with a total mixture composition such as A mixture with an easy lambda of 0.8 to 1 is formed.

In addition, the fuel efficiency is high and the content of all harmful components in the exhaust gas is extremely low. Engine operation is performed when combustion occurs in an undivided combustion chamber as shown in the present invention. achieved only in

The device of the invention differs from known engines in the following respects.

1. The valve 2.3 has a separate intake pipe 6.7, into which the rich mixture is supplied. The intake pipe 7 is supplied with a lean mixture or pure air.

2. The opening and closing timings of valves 2 and 3 are not the same. Valve 3 is 40” ahead of top dead center as usual. It opens between the position 50°M from the bottom dead center and the position before the curve 14. Close when placed. The llltll curve of the exhaust valve 4 is shown by the curve 13.

On the other hand, intake valve 2 opens about 20 to 40" later than intake valve 3, as shown by curve 15. Close tightly.

In the embodiment described above, half of the combustion chamber is formed by a basin-like recess on the piston head. The other half was formed in the cylinder head. However, in the present invention, the combustion chamber Also included within the scope are embodiments formed substantially in the upper cylinder head. this In this case, the basin-like recess is not provided in the piston head, and the screw I/n head is The corresponding part is flat, and the right-hand bottleneck is essentially "consisted of a flat surface." Ru.

E - 5 knee j 1 Piston 31 Front (bottle 30) 2 Intake valve 32 11th side (bottle 30) 3 Intake valve 4 Exhaust valve 5 Spark plug 6 Suction pipe 7 Suction pipe 8 Insert member 38 Vortex (center) 9 Position 39 Vortex (outside) 10 Cylinder head 11 Cylinder 12 Combustion chamber 13 curve aCt intake valve 4v11111 curve) 14 curve (intake valve 3 control immediate curve) 15 Curve rJ (intake valve 2 control curve) 16　N (outside) 17 Arrow 18 Whirlpool (center) 19 Defile (center) 20 Arrow 21 Arrow 22 Pilot flame flow 23 Mixture Copy and translation of the written amendment) submission address (Article 184-7, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Law) - 1986 Appointment: May 30th Commissioner of the Patent Office Kuro 1) Akio 1. International application number PCT/FP86100586 Z Name of invention Method and device for supplying stratified air-fuel mixture to spark ignition engine a Patent applicant Name (name) Groteur Thorst Reg.

Shikimosha (Nationality: Liechtenstein) 4. Agent Address: 5-7-5 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102, Date of submission of Amendment 4 1. In a spark ignition engine, a rich air-fuel mixture is supplied in layers near the spark plug. Providing a stratified mixture to a spark ignition engine that supplies a lean mixture to other areas. In this method, an intake valve (2) is provided to introduce a rich mixture. is guided through the cylinder to the spark plug (5) by the pressure created by the piston. A method characterized by:

2 When supplying a rich mixture to the spark plug (5), the mixture is circulated in the combustion chamber (12). 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that rolling motion is performed.

a The rich mixture is pressurized and guided to the ignition plug (5), and the pilot flame stream (2 2) to form a rotational motion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber (12). The method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The intake valve (2) that introduces the 1m-long mixture is installed opposite the spark plug (5). and the piston head surface and the cylinder facing it, facing the spark plug. A first bottleneck (16) formed by the surface of the head (1o) is formed; The passage (16) opens into the combustion chamber (12) and forms a flow (29) into the combustion chamber ( 2) Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that:

5.1! The baking chamber (12) is formed in a basin-shaped recess ( 28) and a rounded shape formed on the cylinder head (10) opposite thereto. A first bottleneck (16) is provided in the combustion chamber (12). , said first attrition (16) opens into the combustion chamber (12) and causes a first rotation into the combustion chamber. A moving vortex (39) is formed, and a continuous vortex flow (39) is formed approximately in the center of the first bottleneck (16). The shape is formed by the piston head (27) and the surface of the cylinder (10) facing it. A second bottleneck (19) is formed, said second bottleneck (19) being a spark plug. (5) forming a second rotating vortex 1 (38) applied to The second bottleneck (19 ) is formed on the piston head (27) and has a wedge-shaped projection ( 30), and the protrusion (30) is formed by a basin-shaped recess on the piston head (27). (28), the protrusion (30) being spaced apart on the cylinder head (10). protruding into an intermediate portion defined by a pair of valves (3, 4) formed between The device according to claim 5, characterized in that:

7. The flow (18) formed by the central bottleneck (19) flows through the cylinder head (10) 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the device is oblique to the lower surface of the device.

a The spark plug (5) is rotated by the vortex (38, 39) rotating inside the combustion chamber (12). >, the pilot flame flow (22) creates a vortex flow (38, 39) in the combustion chamber (12). Claim 5, characterized in that the angle is substantially parallel to the Apparatus described in section.

9. Retract the spark plug (5) from the combustion chamber (12) in the cylinder head (10). It is provided in the sub-chamber (24), and the sub-chamber (24) is discharged from this sub-chamber (24). The pilot flame flow (22) is almost parallel to the vortex flow (38, 39) in the combustion chamber (12) Claim 8 is characterized in that it is formed at an angle such that equipment.

10. Two intake valves (2) and (3) are provided, the first intake valve (3) has a pure The second intake valve (2) is supplied with rich air or a lean mixture, and the second intake valve (2) is supplied with a rich mixture. 6. A device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with:

11. Spark ignition engine II! There is a rich mixture layer and a thin mixture layer or pure mixture in the baking chamber. A method of supplying air in layers, in which the piston in the cylinder (11) is Pure air or a lean mixture is introduced into the lower region adjacent to the upper surface of the stone. characterized in that a rich mixture is introduced into the upper region of the cylinder head after How to do it.

12. During the intake stroke carried out through the two intake valves (2) and (3), air or The timing at which intake of a lean air-fuel mixture begins and the timing at which intake of a rich air-fuel mixture begins. A phased stratified mixture is supplied with a gap between the two, and pure air or A lean mixture is inhaled through another intake valve (2), and a rich mixture is inhaled through another intake valve (2). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that:

13. The two intake valves (2) and (3) have separate intake pipes (6 and 7) A method according to claim 1, characterized in that:

14. Intake valves (2 and 3) are used to remove air and fuel from a carburetor or other mixture forming device. The formed mixture is supplied to the intake valve (3), and the mixture is filled with air or exhaust gas or Claim 1, characterized in that both are added and supplied. Vi setting for carrying out the method.

15. Air and/or exhaust gas is supplied through a manifold, where the supply is It is done in conjunction with the carburetor control and is shut off when the engine is idling. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that:

16. that the introduction of air and/or exhaust gas is done via the insert (8); 16. The method of claim 15, characterized in:

11. The intake valve (3) that introduces air or a lean mixture follows the known normal valve opening timing. However, the other intake valve (2) opens with a delay and is controlled by the same crank as the intake valve (3). A patent claim characterized in that it is closed at an angle of υ1111 or with a slight delay. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to item 1.

18. The intake valve (3) is closed earlier than usual, and the other intake valve (2) The device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the device is closed earlier than the device described in claim 1. Place.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In spark ignition engines, a rich mixture layer is placed near the spark plug, and a thin mixture layer is placed near the spark plug. This is a method of supplying a stratified mixture to a spark ignition engine that supplies fuel to other areas. A method characterized in that the rich air-fuel mixture is pressurized and supplied to the spark plug (5). Law. 2. When supplying a rich mixture to the spark plug (5), the mixture is circulated in the combustion chamber (12). 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that rolling motion is performed. 3. The rich mixture is pressurized and guided to the spark plug (5), where it is piloted to the pilot flame stream (2). 2) to form a rotational motion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber (12). The method according to claim 1 or 2. 4. An intake valve (2) for introducing a rich air-fuel mixture is provided facing the spark plug (5). An apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 5. The combustion chamber (12) has a basin-shaped recess (2) formed on the piston head (27). 8) and a rounded shape formed on the cylinder head (10) opposite to this. The combustion chamber (12) has a surface of the cylinder head (27) and a surface of the cylinder head (27). A bottleneck (16) is provided which is formed by the surface of the cylinder head (10) facing the cylinder head (10). and the first bottleneck (16) opens into the combustion chamber (12) to accommodate the first rotational movement. A vortex (39) is formed, and a piston is formed in approximately the center of the first bottleneck (16). It is formed by the stone head (27) and the surface of the cylinder (10) facing it. A second bottleneck (19) is formed, said second bottleneck (19) being a spark plug (5). A patent characterized in that it forms a second rotating vortex (38) applied to the An apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1. 6. The second bottleneck (19) is wedged in plan view formed on the piston head (27). The protrusion (30) is formed by a protrusion (30) in the shape of a piston head. (27) extends into a basin-like recess (28) on the top, the projection (30) being a cylinder. A hollow space defined by a pair of valves (3, 4) spaced apart on the head (10). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it projects into the intermediate portion. 7. The flow (18) formed by the central bottleneck (19) flows through the cylinder head (10) 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the device is oblique to the lower surface of the device. 8. The spark plug (5) is driven by a vortex (38, 39) rotating in the combustion chamber (12). ), the pilot flame flow (22) creates a vortex flow (38, 39) in the combustion chamber (12). Claim 5, characterized in that the angle is almost parallel to Apparatus described in section. 9. The spark plug (5) is retracted from the combustion chamber (12) in the cylinder head (10). It is provided in the sub-chamber (24), and the sub-chamber (24) is discharged from this sub-chamber (24). The pilot flame flow (22) is almost parallel to the vortex flow (38, 39) in the combustion chamber (12) Claim 8 is characterized in that it is formed at an angle such that equipment. 10. Two intake valves (2) and (3) are provided, the first intake valve (3) has a pure The second intake valve (2) is supplied with rich air or a lean mixture, and the second intake valve (2) is supplied with a rich mixture. 6. A device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with: 11. A rich mixture layer and a thin mixture layer or pure air are present in the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine. A method of supplying the liquid in a layered manner, in which the piston in the cylinder (11) is pure air or thin air in the lower area adjacent to the top surface of the