JPH0149491B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0149491B2 JPH0149491B2 JP56072919A JP7291981A JPH0149491B2 JP H0149491 B2 JPH0149491 B2 JP H0149491B2 JP 56072919 A JP56072919 A JP 56072919A JP 7291981 A JP7291981 A JP 7291981A JP H0149491 B2 JPH0149491 B2 JP H0149491B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crystalline lens
- light
- slit
- lens
- cross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 210000000695 crystalline len Anatomy 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000326 densiometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000008525 senile cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、ヒト水晶体の散乱光分布を測定する
装置、より詳しくは水晶体にスリツト光束を照射
し該スリツト光束によつて得られるヒト水晶体
（以下単に水晶体という）の断面の散乱光分布を
測定する装置に関する。なお、ここで水晶体断面
の散乱光分布という用語は、技術的には該散乱光
強度を示すものとする。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the distribution of scattered light in a human crystalline lens, and more specifically, a cross section of a human crystalline lens (hereinafter simply referred to as a crystalline lens) obtained by irradiating a slit light beam onto the crystalline lens. The present invention relates to a device for measuring the scattered light distribution of. Note that the term "scattered light distribution in the cross section of the crystalline lens" here technically indicates the intensity of the scattered light.
従来、水晶体の加齢変化、主に白内障を主因と
する水晶体の不透明状態を観察するために、水晶
体に白色光により構成したスリツト光束を照射
し、該スリツト光束によつて得られる水晶体断面
を、スリツト光束の照射方向に対し斜方向から撮
像し、該撮像によつて得られた水晶体断面像を観
察して水晶体の不透明状態を知ることが行なわれ
ている。また、上記水晶体の不透明状態を定性
的、定量的に測定するために、上記水晶体断面像
をフイルムや撮像管上に形成させて、これをマイ
クロデンシトメトリー法で測定することが提案さ
れている。 Conventionally, in order to observe age-related changes in the crystalline lens, mainly the opaque state of the crystalline lens caused by cataracts, the crystalline lens is irradiated with a slit light beam composed of white light, and the cross section of the crystalline lens obtained by the slit light beam is The opaque state of the crystalline lens is known by capturing an image from an oblique direction with respect to the irradiation direction of the slit light beam and observing a cross-sectional image of the crystalline lens obtained by the imaging. In addition, in order to qualitatively and quantitatively measure the opaque state of the crystalline lens, it has been proposed to form a cross-sectional image of the crystalline lens on a film or image pickup tube and measure it using microdensitometry. .
ここで、マイクロデンシトメトリー法とは、写
真工学分野で使用される技術であつて、微小面積
濃度計（マイクロデンシトメーター）を利用し
て、写真フイルムに撮影された被写体像を微小面
積毎にその濃度を測定する方法である。しかし、
上記従来の技術においては、スリツト光束を白色
光によつて構成し、また撮像系及びマイクロデン
シトメトリー法の測定装置のいずれにも波長選択
部材を配置していないため、水晶体前部や角膜に
存在する光散乱体が白色スリツト光束中の短波長
光に比較してより多く散乱してしまい、水晶体中
間部や後部は散乱性の小さい長波長が短波長に比
べて多く到達することになり、実効的に水晶体断
面の全体が均一に照明されない状態で水晶体断面
の散乱光分布が測定されてしまうという欠点を有
する。従つて、例えば水晶体前部から後部まで均
一な混濁状態である水晶体断面の散乱光分布を上
記従来技術によつて測定すると、水晶体前部が後
部よりも多く光（主に短波長光）を散乱するため
混濁しているように測定されるから、白内障等が
正確に測定できない。特に、初期の老人性白内障
における水晶体の混濁状態や混濁部位の経時的変
化の測定や、進行部位等局所的測定が正確にでき
ない問題があり、治療薬の治療効果の確認等にも
極めて不都合である。 Here, the microdensitometric method is a technique used in the field of photographic engineering, which uses a microdensitometer to measure the image of a subject captured on a photographic film in microscopic areas. This is a method to measure its concentration. but,
In the above conventional technology, the slit light beam is composed of white light, and no wavelength selection member is arranged in either the imaging system or the microdensitometry measuring device, so The existing light scatterer scatters more light than the short wavelength light in the white slit light flux, and the long wavelengths with low scattering properties reach the middle and rear parts of the crystalline lens more often than the short wavelengths. This method has the disadvantage that the scattered light distribution of the crystalline lens cross section is measured without effectively uniformly illuminating the entire crystalline lens cross section. Therefore, for example, when measuring the scattered light distribution of a cross-section of the crystalline lens, which is uniformly opaque from the anterior part to the posterior part, using the above-mentioned conventional technique, it is found that the anterior part of the crystalline lens scatters more light (mainly short wavelength light) than the posterior part. Because of this, it appears cloudy, making it impossible to accurately measure cataracts, etc. In particular, there is a problem in that it is not possible to accurately measure the cloudy state of the crystalline lens in early senile cataracts, changes in the cloudy area over time, or local measurements such as the progressing site, which is extremely inconvenient for confirming the therapeutic effects of therapeutic drugs. be.
ところで、上に述べた水晶体中間部や後部に到
達するスリツト光束の光量が実効的に不足するの
は水晶体前部や角膜に存在する光散乱体が白色ス
リツト光束の短波長をより多く散乱することによ
るという解析は、本発明者の行つた以下の理論的
検討及び実験ではじめて明らかになつたことであ
る。 By the way, the reason why the amount of light from the slit beam reaching the middle and rear parts of the crystalline lens is effectively insufficient is that the light scattering bodies present in the anterior part of the crystalline lens and the cornea scatter more of the short wavelengths of the white slit beam. This analysis was first made clear through the following theoretical studies and experiments conducted by the present inventor.
すなわち、ここでヒト水晶体を、第６図に示す
ように、Ｎ個の散乱層からなり、第層が水晶体
前部であつて、第Ｎ層が水晶体後部に相当する散
乱モデルによつて検討する。この散乱モデルの第
層にエネルギー密度l0の光が入射すると、第１
層内においてl0S1の光が散乱されて第層に入射
する光はl0（１−S1）に減衰する。ここで、散乱
光とは、エネルギー密度l0のある層における散乱
光のうち入射光の方向に進む成分を除いたものと
する。同様の散乱・減衰が第層ないし第（Ｎ−
１）層においても生じるため、最終の第Ｎ層に入
射する光はl0N-1
〓i=1
（１−Si）となり、第Ｎ層による
散乱光はl0〔N-1
〓i=1
（１−Si）〕・Soとなる。ところで、
散乱光強度から各層の散乱光分布を測定する場
合、各層に入射する光のエネルギー密度は等しい
ことが理想である。しかし、ヒト水晶体を測定す
る場合には、上述したように、第Ｎ層へ入射する
エネルギー密度は、第層へ入射するエネルギー
密度に減衰率N-1
〓i=1
（１−Si）を掛けたものとなる。
そのため、波長が長くなると散乱係数Siが小さく
なることから、使用する光を波長の長いものを使
用することが考えられる。他方、使用する光を波
長の長いものにすると、減衰比N-1
〓i=1
（１−Si）が
１に近づく反面、Soが小さくなつて水晶体後部の
散乱光l0〔N-1
〓i=1
（１−Si）〕・Soが検出器によつて検
知されない程小さくなる恐れがある。従つて、照
明光の波長は各層の照明の均一性と散乱光強度と
を考慮して選択されなければならない。 That is, the human crystalline lens will be examined here using a scattering model in which, as shown in FIG. . When light with energy density l 0 is incident on the first layer of this scattering model, the first
The light of l 0 S 1 is scattered within the layer, and the light that enters the layer is attenuated to l 0 (1-S 1 ). Here, the scattered light refers to the scattered light in a layer with an energy density l 0 excluding the component traveling in the direction of the incident light. Similar scattering and attenuation occur in the th to (N-th) layers.
1) layer, so the light incident on the final Nth layer is l 0N-1 〓 i=1 (1-Si), and the light scattered by the Nth layer is l 0 [ N-1 〓 i=1 (1-Si)]・S o . By the way, when measuring the scattered light distribution of each layer from the scattered light intensity, it is ideal that the energy density of the light incident on each layer is equal. However, when measuring the human crystalline lens, as mentioned above, the energy density incident on the Nth layer is calculated by multiplying the energy density incident on the Nth layer by the attenuation rate N-1 〓 i=1 (1-Si). It becomes something.
Therefore, since the scattering coefficient Si decreases as the wavelength becomes longer, it is possible to use light with a longer wavelength. On the other hand, if the wavelength of the light used is long, the attenuation ratio N-1 〓 i=1 (1-Si) approaches 1, but on the other hand, S o becomes smaller and the scattered light at the back of the crystalline lens l 0 [ N-1 〓 i=1 (1−Si)〕・S o may become so small that it cannot be detected by the detector. Therefore, the wavelength of the illumination light must be selected in consideration of the uniformity of illumination of each layer and the intensity of the scattered light.
そこで、本発明者は、従来のスリツト光束を使
用した水晶体断面の散乱光分布の測定装置におい
て、複数の波長域の光によつて構成したスリツト
光束を使用した同一水晶体の散乱光分布を測定
し、第１図に示す結果を得た。第１図において、
Ｘ軸は水晶体断面の位置を示し、Ｃは角膜部、Ｌ
は水晶体部を示す。他方、Ｙ軸はマイクロデンシ
トメトリー法で測定した散乱光分布を対数目盛で
示す。また、グラフＢは青色光（波長400〜
500nm）のスリツト光束、グラフＧは緑色光（波
長500〜600nm）のスリツト光束、グラフＲは赤
色光（波長600〜700nm）のスリツト光束による
それぞれの測定値を示す。第１図を見ると、グラ
フＢ及びＧは、グラフＲに比較して角膜部Ｃ及び
水晶体Ｌの前部において高い散乱光分布を示し、
このことが、短波長光は角膜部及び水晶体前部で
多く散乱されてしまい、水晶体中間部及び後部に
到達する光が少なくなることを示す。そして、従
来の白色光スリツト光束による散乱光分布は、グ
ラフＢ，Ｇ及びＲの合計されたものにほぼ等しい
から、これにはグラフＢ及びＧの角膜部Ｃ及び水
晶体Ｌの前部の高い散乱光分布成分が含まれ、水
晶体Ｌの中間部及び後部に到達する白色スリツト
光束の光量が水晶体前部に比較して不足すること
が推定されるのである。これに対し、赤色光は水
晶体全域において均一的かつ一般の検知器で検知
できる散乱光強度を得ることができることがわか
る。 Therefore, the present inventor used a conventional slit beam to measure the scattered light distribution of a crystalline lens cross section using a slit beam composed of light in multiple wavelength ranges to measure the scattered light distribution of the same crystalline lens. , the results shown in FIG. 1 were obtained. In Figure 1,
The X axis indicates the position of the lens cross section, C indicates the corneal area, and L indicates the position of the lens cross section.
indicates the crystalline lens. On the other hand, the Y axis shows the scattered light distribution measured by microdensitometry on a logarithmic scale. In addition, graph B shows blue light (wavelength 400~
Graph G shows the measured values using the slit luminous flux of green light (wavelength 500 to 600 nm), and graph R shows the measured values using the slit luminous flux of red light (wavelength 600 to 700 nm). Looking at FIG. 1, graphs B and G show a higher scattered light distribution in the corneal portion C and the anterior portion of the crystalline lens L than graph R;
This means that the short wavelength light is largely scattered at the cornea and anterior lens, and less light reaches the intermediate and posterior portions of the crystalline lens. The scattered light distribution due to the conventional white light slit luminous flux is approximately equal to the sum of graphs B, G, and R. It is estimated that the light distribution component is included, and the amount of white slit light flux reaching the middle and rear parts of the crystalline lens L is insufficient compared to the front part of the crystalline lens. In contrast, it can be seen that red light can provide a uniform scattered light intensity over the entire crystalline lens region that can be detected by a general detector.
本発明は、上記従来のヒト水晶体の散乱光分布
の測定技術の欠点を解消するためになされたもの
であつて、その構成上の特徴とするところは、少
なくとも赤色光を含むスリツト光束を被検眼の水
晶体に照射し、該スリツト光束によつて得られる
水晶体断面からの散乱光の投影像を赤色光に関し
マイクロデンシトメトリー法によつて測定するこ
とである。 The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional technology for measuring the distribution of scattered light of the human crystalline lens.The present invention is characterized in that a slit light beam containing at least red light is transmitted to the subject's eye. red light is irradiated onto the crystalline lens, and a projected image of scattered light from a cross section of the crystalline lens obtained by the slit light beam is measured by microdensitometry with respect to red light.
本発明は、このように構成することによつて、
水晶体の混濁部による散乱によつて起る水晶体中
間部や後部のスリツト光束が、水晶体前部に比較
して光量不足となることを防ぎ、水晶体全域につ
いてより均一なスリツト光束照射をなし、これに
よりより正確な水晶体の散乱光分布の測定を可能
とするものである。さらに本発明は、スリツト光
束を被検眼の水晶体に照射するスリツト光束照射
系と、上記スリツト光束によつて得られる水晶体
断面を観察する観察光学系と、上記水晶体断面を
撮像する撮像系とを有するヒト水晶体の散乱光分
布測定装置において、上記スリツト光束照射系、
撮像系もしくはマイクロデンシトメトリー測定系
のうち少なくとも一つに赤色フイルターを配置し
たことを特徴とするヒト水晶体の散乱光分布の測
定装置であつて、簡易構造であるにもかかわら
ず、正確な水晶体の散乱光分布の測定を可能とす
る。また、上記赤色フイルターを投影系又はマイ
クロデンシトメトリー測定系に配置するものにあ
つては、スリツト光束を白色光により構成するこ
とにより水晶体断面を白色光照明により観察し、
かつ水晶体断面の散乱光分布測定を赤色光により
正確に行うことができる特徴を有する。 By configuring the present invention in this way,
This prevents the slit light flux at the middle and rear parts of the crystalline lens from being insufficient in light intensity compared to the front part of the crystalline lens, which is caused by scattering by the opaque part of the crystalline lens. This enables more accurate measurement of the scattered light distribution of the crystalline lens. Furthermore, the present invention includes a slit light beam irradiation system that irradiates the crystalline lens of the subject's eye with a slit light beam, an observation optical system that observes a cross section of the crystalline lens obtained by the slit light beam, and an imaging system that images the cross section of the crystalline lens. In the human crystalline lens scattered light distribution measuring device, the above-mentioned slit beam irradiation system,
A device for measuring scattered light distribution of a human crystalline lens, characterized in that a red filter is disposed in at least one of an imaging system or a microdensitometry measurement system, and the device has a simple structure but an accurate lens structure. This makes it possible to measure the scattered light distribution. In addition, in the case where the red filter is placed in a projection system or a microdensitometry measurement system, the slit light beam is composed of white light to observe the cross section of the crystalline lens with white light illumination,
It also has the feature of being able to accurately measure the distribution of scattered light in the cross section of the crystalline lens using red light.
以下本発明の実施例を図について説明する。第
１実施例は、第２図に示す記録装置によつて水晶
体断面像をフイルムに記録し、該フイルムを赤色
フイルターを通してデンシトメトリー法で測定す
るものである。第２図の記録装置において、スリ
ツト投影系１は投影レンズ２、反射鏡３，４、ス
リツト絞り５、白色光を発光する撮影用キセノン
光源６、コンデンサレンズ７および照明用光源８
からなり、スリツト絞り５の像が投影レンズ２か
らスリツト光軸９に沿つて被検眼Ｅに投影され
る。撮影光学系１０は、光軸１１がスリツト光軸
９を含むスリツト面に対し45゜の角度で交るよう
に配置された撮影レンズ１２を有し、カラーポジ
の撮影フイルム１３はその延長がスリツト面と直
交するように配置されている。撮影レンズ１２は
撮影光路の中点に配置され、その主平面の延長は
スリツト面とフイルム面との交線を含む。撮影交
路中には反射鏡１４が引込可能に配置され、レン
ズ１２を通過した光束を反射鏡１５、リレーレン
ズ１６および接眼レンズ１７からなるフアインダ
ー系に導びくようになつている。勿論、撮影時に
は、反射鏡１５は第２図に実線で示す位置に退避
させられる。上記記録装置によつて記録されたフ
イルム１３には、第３図に示すように、角膜部Ｒ
及び水晶体部Ｌを含む水晶体断面写真、並びに基
準濃度チヤートDCが含まれている。基準濃度チ
ヤートDCは基準となる各種のチヤートから構成
されており、第２図に図示されていない基準濃度
チヤート投影系によつてフイルム１３上に投影さ
れる。上記フイルム１３は、第４図に示す透過特
性の赤色フイルターを備えたマイクロデンシトメ
ーターによつて、第３図の矢印Ａに沿つて走査さ
れて測定がなされる。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment, a cross-sectional image of the crystalline lens is recorded on a film using the recording apparatus shown in FIG. 2, and the film is passed through a red filter and measured by densitometry. In the recording apparatus shown in FIG. 2, a slit projection system 1 includes a projection lens 2, reflecting mirrors 3 and 4, a slit diaphragm 5, a xenon light source for photography that emits white light 6, a condenser lens 7, and a light source for illumination 8.
The image of the slit diaphragm 5 is projected from the projection lens 2 onto the eye E along the slit optical axis 9. The photographing optical system 10 has a photographing lens 12 arranged such that the optical axis 11 intersects at an angle of 45 degrees with the slit plane including the slit optical axis 9, and the extension of the color positive photographic film 13 is at the slit plane. is arranged perpendicular to the The photographing lens 12 is arranged at the midpoint of the photographing optical path, and the extension of its main plane includes the intersection line between the slit surface and the film surface. A reflector 14 is retractably disposed in the photographing path and guides the light beam passing through the lens 12 to a finder system consisting of a reflector 15, a relay lens 16, and an eyepiece 17. Of course, when photographing, the reflecting mirror 15 is retracted to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the film 13 recorded by the recording device has a corneal region
It also includes a cross-sectional photograph of the crystalline lens, including the crystalline lens portion L, and a reference concentration chart DC. The reference density chart DC is composed of various charts serving as a reference, and is projected onto the film 13 by a reference density chart projection system not shown in FIG. The film 13 is scanned and measured along the arrow A in FIG. 3 by a microdensitometer equipped with a red filter having the transmission characteristics shown in FIG.
第２実施例は、第１実施例において、フイルム
１３としてカラーネガフイルムを使用し、このフ
イルムを赤色フイルターを備えたマイクロデンシ
トメーターによつて走査して測定する。 In the second embodiment, a color negative film is used as the film 13 in the first embodiment, and the measurement is performed by scanning this film with a microdensitometer equipped with a red filter.
第３実施例は、第１実施例において、撮影フイ
ルム１３と反射鏡１４との間に赤色フイルター１
８ａを挿入し、またフイルム１３を白色用マイク
ロデンシトメーターで走査して測定する。 In the third embodiment, a red filter 1 is arranged between the photographic film 13 and the reflecting mirror 14 in the first embodiment.
8a is inserted, and the film 13 is scanned and measured using a white microdensitometer.
第４実施例は、第１実施例において、スリツト
絞り５と撮影用キヤノン光源６との間に赤色フイ
ルター１８ｂを挿入し、またフイルム１３を白色
用マイクロデンシトメーターで走査して測定す
る。 In the fourth embodiment, in the first embodiment, a red filter 18b is inserted between the slit diaphragm 5 and the photographing Canon light source 6, and the film 13 is scanned with a white microdensitometer for measurement.
第５実施例は、第１実施例において、スリツト
投影系を、第５図に示すように、投影レンズ１′、
反射鏡３，４、スリツト絞５′、コンデンサレン
ズ７′、半透鏡２０及び照明用光源８′を照明光軸
２１上に配置し、さらに半透鏡２０の反射光軸２
２上に赤色フイルター１８ｃ及び白色光を発光す
る撮影用キセノン光源６′を配置して構成する。
フイルム１３は白色用マイクロデンシトメーター
で走査して測定する。 In the fifth embodiment, the slit projection system in the first embodiment is replaced with a projection lens 1',
The reflecting mirrors 3 and 4, the slit diaphragm 5', the condenser lens 7', the semi-transparent mirror 20, and the illumination light source 8' are arranged on the illumination optical axis 21, and the reflection optical axis 2 of the semi-transparent mirror 20 is arranged on the illumination optical axis 21.
2, a red filter 18c and a xenon light source 6' for photography that emits white light are arranged on top of the camera.
The film 13 is scanned and measured using a white microdensitometer.
第６実施例は、第１実施例において、フイルム
１３の代りに撮像管を使用し、撮像管からの信号
のうち該当走査線の赤色成分のみを取出して記録
又は表示する。撮像管の代りに１次元CCDやメ
カニカルスキヤナーを使用してもよい。 In the sixth embodiment, an image pickup tube is used in place of the film 13 in the first embodiment, and only the red component of the corresponding scanning line is extracted from the signal from the image pickup tube and recorded or displayed. A one-dimensional CCD or mechanical scanner may be used instead of the image pickup tube.
第７実施例は、第１実施例において、記録され
たフイルム１３の赤色成分だけのフイルムを作成
し、これを白色用マイクロデンシトメーターで走
査して測定する。 In the seventh embodiment, a film containing only the red component of the recorded film 13 in the first embodiment is prepared, and the film is scanned and measured using a white microdensitometer.
第１図は水晶体の散乱光分布を示す図、第２図
は第１実施例の記録装置の光学図、第３図は第２
図のフイルム１３の記録状態を示す説明図、第４
図は第１実施例のマイクロデンシトメーターに備
える赤色フイルターの波長特性を示す図、第５図
は第５実施例のスリツト投影系の光学図、第６図
は水晶体における散乱の説明図である。
２，２′…投影レンズ、５，５′…スリツト絞
り、６，６′…撮影用キセノン光源、７，７′…コ
ンデンサレンズ、８，８′…照明用光源、１２…
撮影レンズ、１３…撮影フイルム、１４…可動反
射鏡、１６…リレーレンズ、１７…接眼レンズ、
１８ａ，１８ｂ，１８ｃ…赤色フイルター。
Figure 1 is a diagram showing the scattered light distribution of the crystalline lens, Figure 2 is an optical diagram of the recording device of the first embodiment, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the distribution of scattered light in the crystalline lens.
Explanatory diagram showing the recording state of the film 13 in the figure, No. 4
The figure is a diagram showing the wavelength characteristics of the red filter provided in the microdensitometer of the first embodiment, Figure 5 is an optical diagram of the slit projection system of the fifth embodiment, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of scattering in the crystalline lens. . 2, 2'... Projection lens, 5, 5'... Slit aperture, 6, 6'... Xenon light source for photography, 7, 7'... Condenser lens, 8, 8'... Light source for illumination, 12...
Photographic lens, 13... Photographic film, 14... Movable reflector, 16... Relay lens, 17... Eyepiece lens,
18a, 18b, 18c...Red filter.
１ マトリツクスバンド２０を歯の周面の所定の
位置に固定する為に使用されるものであつて、上
端面１１と下端面１２との間に貫通孔１３が延出
された本体２と、本体２の貫通孔１３中に回転自
在に挿入されるスピンドル３と、を備えており、
本体２の周面９，１０上には、歯の第１の型に
対して一致する形状の第１の凹所１４と歯の第２
の型に対して一致する形状の第２の凹所１５とが
少なくとも設けられており、
本体２には、下端面１２で貫通孔１３の直径方
向に延出して相互に交差し本体２の周面９，１０
を第１の凹所１４と第２の凹所１５とで横切つて
周方向に４つに分割する第１の溝１６と第２の溝
１７とが下端面１２から貫通孔１３の長手方向中
心線に沿つて下端面１２と上端面１１との間の途
中まで形成されていて、
スピンドル３には、本体２の貫通孔１３への挿
入端において貫通孔１３の直径方向に延出しスピ
ンドル３の周面を２つに分割するスリツト６が上
記挿入端から貫通孔１３の長手方向中心線に沿つ
て形成されている、
ことを特徴とするマトリツクスバンド固定具。
２ 貫通孔１３の長手方向中心線に沿つた方向に
おける第１の溝１６と第２の溝１７の夫々の横断
面が、本体２の下端面１２と上端面１１との間の
1. A main body 2, which is used to fix the matrix band 20 at a predetermined position on the circumferential surface of a tooth, and has a through hole 13 extending between an upper end surface 11 and a lower end surface 12; a spindle 3 which is rotatably inserted into the through hole 13 of the main body 2, and on the circumferential surfaces 9, 10 of the main body 2 there are first grooves of a shape corresponding to the first type of teeth. recess 14 and the second tooth
The main body 2 is provided with at least a second recess 15 having a shape corresponding to the mold of the main body 2, which extends in the diametrical direction of the through hole 13 at the lower end surface 12, intersects with each other, and extends around the periphery of the main body 2. Surfaces 9 and 10
A first groove 16 and a second groove 17 that cross the first recess 14 and the second recess 15 and divide into four in the circumferential direction extend from the lower end surface 12 in the longitudinal direction of the through hole 13. The spindle 3 is formed halfway between the lower end surface 12 and the upper end surface 11 along the center line, and extends in the diametrical direction of the through hole 13 at the insertion end of the main body 2 into the through hole 13. A matrix band fixing device characterized in that a slit 6 that divides the circumferential surface of the matrix band into two parts is formed from the insertion end along the longitudinal center line of the through hole 13. 2. Each cross section of the first groove 16 and the second groove 17 in the direction along the longitudinal center line of the through hole 13 is between the lower end surface 12 and the upper end surface 11 of the main body 2.
Claims (1)
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項ないし第３
項いずれかに記載のヒト水晶体散乱光分布測定装
置。 ５ スリツト光束を被検眼の水晶体に照射するス
リツト光束照射系と、 上記スリツト光束によつて得られる水晶体断面
を観察する観察光学系と、 上記水晶体断面を光電的に撮像する撮像系と、 撮像された水晶体断面画像の散乱光分布を測定
するためのマイクロデンシトメトリー測定系とを
有し、 上記マイクロデンシトメトリー測定系は上記撮
像系からの赤色光成分信号のみを利用して上記水
晶体の散乱光強度を測定することを特徴とするヒ
ト水晶体散乱光分布測定装置。4. Claims 1 to 3, wherein the red light selection means is a filter.
2. The human crystalline lens scattered light distribution measuring device according to any one of Items 1 to 3. 5 a slit light beam irradiation system that irradiates the crystalline lens of the subject's eye with a slit light beam; an observation optical system that observes a cross section of the crystalline lens obtained by the slit light beam; an imaging system that photoelectrically images the cross section of the crystalline lens; a microdensitometry measurement system for measuring the scattered light distribution of a cross-sectional image of the crystalline lens; A human crystalline lens scattered light distribution measuring device characterized by measuring light intensity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56072919A JPS57188233A (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-05-15 | Method and apparatus for measuring diffused light distribution of human crystalline lens |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56072919A JPS57188233A (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-05-15 | Method and apparatus for measuring diffused light distribution of human crystalline lens |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57188233A JPS57188233A (en) | 1982-11-19 |
| JPH0149491B2 true JPH0149491B2 (en) | 1989-10-25 |
Family
ID=13503236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56072919A Granted JPS57188233A (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-05-15 | Method and apparatus for measuring diffused light distribution of human crystalline lens |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57188233A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0648477U (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1994-07-05 | 年人 里村 | Standing tray holder |
| JP3318379B2 (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 2002-08-26 | 興和株式会社 | Ophthalmic measurement device |
| JPH07213488A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-08-15 | Nishi Nippon Ryutai Giken:Kk | Postmortem elapsed time deciding method and fish freshness deciding method and deciding device |
| JP6499430B2 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2019-04-10 | パナソニック株式会社 | Freshness information output method, freshness information output device, control program |
| JP6796248B2 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2020-12-09 | パナソニック株式会社 | Freshness estimation method and freshness estimation device for fish |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5318290A (en) * | 1976-07-31 | 1978-02-20 | Mamiya Camera | Method of adjusting angle of illumination of object for narrow gap lamp microscope |
-
1981
- 1981-05-15 JP JP56072919A patent/JPS57188233A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5318290A (en) * | 1976-07-31 | 1978-02-20 | Mamiya Camera | Method of adjusting angle of illumination of object for narrow gap lamp microscope |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57188233A (en) | 1982-11-19 |
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