JPH0716206A - Eye photographing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the emission energy of a light source at the time of photographing, and thereby photograph an ocular fundus and the like under a proper exposing condition. CONSTITUTION:A light beam from a photographing light source 7 is reflected by a perforated mirror 2 through relay lenses 6 and 8 so as to be projected to the ocular fundus Er of a tested eye from an objective lens 1. Reflected light from the ocular fundus Er is returned reversely along a light path, transmits the objective lens 1, the perforated mirror 2 and an image forming lens 3, is reflected by a switchover mirror 4, and comes in a CCD camera 13 through a light dividing member 12, so that the image of the ocular fundus is formed on the photographing element of the CCD camera 13. On the other hand, light reflected by the light dividing member 12 is received by a photoelectric sensor 15, so that its emission energy at the time of photographing is measured. In this case, a power supply for the photographing light source 7 is controlled by a controller 17 based on a signal determined by the measured emission energy, so that luminous energy is thereby determined.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an eye photographing apparatus used for ophthalmologic diagnosis in an ophthalmology clinic or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a film camera is used in an eye photographing device such as a fundus camera, the light amount is diffused and reflected on the film. Have decided.

When a CCD camera is used, CC
Since the amount of light emitted from the image pickup device of the D camera is predetermined, shooting is performed according to the amount of light emitted. This is because the image sensor of the CCD camera has high sensitivity, the appropriate exposure range is narrow, and it is difficult to capture an image with clear contrast.

In addition, since the pupils move during photographing and a part of the light flux is shielded by the pupils, or there is a problem that there is a difference in the pupil diameter between subjects and the brightness is different. It is necessary to determine appropriate exposure conditions.

For this reason, when the subject blinks, the strobe light is stopped to be emitted, or a warning sound is given to notify the subject so as to eliminate the failure of photographing.

[0006]

However, in the case of photographing with a predetermined light emission amount as in the above-mentioned conventional example, the brightness changes depending on the pupil diameter and the refractive power of the eye to be inspected, so that the proper exposure is required. It is difficult to shoot. Furthermore,
Imaging failure may occur or exposure setting may take time, which may cause fatigue of the subject.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide an eye photographing apparatus capable of measuring the amount of light emission during photographing and photographing the fundus and the like under appropriate exposure conditions.

[0008]

An eye photographing apparatus according to a first aspect of the invention for achieving the above object is an eye observing means, an eye photographing means, and a light splitting member provided on the optical path of the eye photographing means. It is characterized in that it has a light quantity measuring means for measuring the quantity of photographing light via the, and a control means for controlling the quantity of photographing light based on a signal from the light quantity measuring means.

An eye photographing apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention includes an eye observing means, an eye photographing means, and a photoelectric element for receiving diffracted and reflected light from an image pickup element of the eye photographing means, and a signal from the photoelectric element. It is characterized in that the photographing light quantity is controlled based on

An eye photographing apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is an eye observation light source, an observation means using the eye observation light source, a photographing means using the photographing light source, and the photographing light source based on a signal from the observation means. And a control means for controlling the amount of light.

An eye photographing apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises an observing means using an eye observing light source, an photographic means using an eye observing light source,
A light quantity measuring means for measuring an observation light quantity via a light splitting member provided on an optical path in the observing means, and a control means for controlling the light quantity of the photographing light source based on a signal from the light quantity measuring means immediately before photographing. And having.

An eye photographing apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is an image pickup element for performing moving image observation by an eye observation light source and still image photographing by an eye photographing light source, and the photographing from the photographing light source on the basis of a signal at the time of observation. And a control means for controlling the amount of photographing light incident on the element.

An eye photographing apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention includes a photographing means for photographing an eye image to be inspected by an image pickup element, a first control means for automatically controlling a photographing light amount from the photographing element, and the first control means. It is characterized by further comprising second control means for synthesizing the data of the photographic light amount determined by the control means into the image of the eye to be inspected and recording it in the recording section of the photographic means.

[0014]

The eye photographing apparatus of the first invention having the above structure is
When the luminous flux from the eye observation means is photographed by the eye photographing means, the light quantity of the luminous flux distributed by the light splitting member is measured by the light quantity measuring means, and the photographing light quantity is determined by this signal.

Further, in the eye photographing apparatus of the second invention, when the luminous flux of the eye observing means is photographed by the eye photographing means, the diffracted and reflected light by the image pickup element of the eye photographing means is received by the photoelectric element, and the quantity of photographing light is obtained by this signal To decide.

In the eye photographing apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention, the image of the eye to be inspected by the observation light source is observed by the observing means, and the amount of light is measured by the observing means when the image of the eye to be inspected by the photographic light source is recorded by the photographing means. , The light quantity of the photographing light source is determined by this signal.

In the eye observing apparatus of the fourth aspect of the invention, when the eye light image for observation is observed by the observing means by the observation light source and the eye image for inspection is photographed by the photographing means using the photographing light source, the light splitting in the observing means is carried out. The amount of observation light of the luminous flux distributed by the member is measured by the light amount measuring means, and the light amount of the photographing light source is determined by this signal.

In the eye photographing apparatus of the fifth invention, a moving image observed by the light source for eye observation and a still image photographed by the light source for eye photographing are received by the same image pickup device, and the light amount at the time of observing the moving image is received. Is measured, and the amount of light for shooting a still image is determined by this signal.

In the eye photographing apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the image pickup element of the eye photographing means receives the image of the eye to be inspected, controls the amount of light from the image pickup element, records the image of the eye to be inspected and the data of the amount of light to be photographed. To do.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fundus camera according to the first embodiment. In front of the visual axis of the eye E to be examined, an objective lens 1, a perforated mirror 2, an imaging lens 3, a switching mirror 4, and a film 5 are provided.
Are arranged to form an image forming optical system for a still image. A relay lens 6, a photographing light source 7 including a strobe, a relay lens 8, and an observation light source 9 including a tungsten lamp are arranged in the reflection direction of the perforated mirror 2 to form an illumination optical system. In the reflection direction of the switching mirror 4, the switching mirror 10, the relay lens 11, the light splitting member 12, C
The CD cameras 13 are arranged and mainly form a moving image forming optical system. Further, a finder optical system 14 is provided in the reflection direction of the switching mirror 10, and a photoelectric sensor 15 is arranged in the reflection direction of the light splitting member 12.

The output of the CCD camera 13 is the memory 1
6 is connected to the controller 17 via the photoelectric sensor 1
The output of 5 is also connected to the controller 17. Furthermore,
The output of the controller 17 is the power source 18 of the photographing light source 7 and the power source 20 of the observation light source 9 including the output adjusting knob 19.
It is connected to the.

In the above structure, the light flux from the observation light source 9 passes through the relay lenses 8 and 6 and is reflected by the perforated mirror 2 to illuminate the fundus Er through the pupil of the eye E to be examined.
The reflected light from the fundus Er passes through the objective lens 1, the perforated mirror 2, and the imaging lens 3, and is reflected by the switching mirror 4 and the switching mirror 10 to reach the finder optical system. As shown, the fundus image Er 'is observed.

At the time of photographing, the examiner examines the fundus image Er 'of the eye E to be examined.
Position and focus while observing. When a shutter for photography (not shown) is pressed, the switching mirrors 4, 10
Is out of the optical path as shown by the dotted line, and at the same time, the light source for photography 7
Emits light. The illumination light from the imaging light source 7 follows the same optical path as the above-described observation light and is projected onto the fundus Er of the eye E to be examined,
The reflected light from the fundus Er returns to the opposite optical path, and the perforated mirror 2
An image is formed on the film 5 by passing through and the fundus image Er 'is photographed.

On the other hand, when the CCD camera 13 is used for photographing, when the switching mirror 4 is set at the position shown by the solid line and the photographing light source 7 emits light, fundus reflected light is reflected by the switching mirror 4 and the relay lens 11, A fundus image is formed on the image pickup element of the CCD camera 13 through the light splitting member 12. Information captured by the CCD camera 13 is recorded in the memory 16 and sent to the controller 17 as needed. If a video printer or the like is connected to the CCD camera 13, the fundus image Er 'can be recorded.

At the time of photographing by the CCD camera 13,
The light beam reflected by the light splitting member 12 is received by the photoelectric sensor 15, and the light amount thereof is used by the controller 17 for controlling the light amount of the photographing light source 7. The light amount of the observation light source 9 can be freely adjusted by operating the adjustment knob 19 of the power source 20, so that the examiner sets the screen so that it is most observable.
The light amount of the observation light source 9 at this time is read by the controller 17 including a computer, and is used to determine the light emission condition of the photographing light source 7.

A thin glass plate not coated is used for the light splitting member 12, and a few percent of the reflected light is measured by a high-sensitivity photoelectric sensor 15. From this measured light quantity, the vicinity of the center of the image pickup element of the CCD camera 13 is measured. Evaluate the amount of light. Generally, scattered and reflected light from the cornea of the eye E is likely to be mixed in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the image to be captured, resulting in a measurement error. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to shoot as close to the center of the screen as possible, and in some cases it is necessary to focus the light with a lens or the like.

By utilizing the principle of the auto strobe, the light emission amount of the photographing light source 7 can be automatically controlled. That is, the reflected light from the fundus Er of the photographing light source 7 is reflected by the photoelectric sensor 1
The light is received at 5, the output is input to the integration circuit, a signal is output when a predetermined voltage is reached, and the light emission from the light source 7 for photographing is blocked by using a switching element such as a thyristor. This allows you to automatically control the amount of light emitted,
It is possible to eliminate the timing deviation during shooting.

Further, a fundus image by the illumination light of the observation light source 9
Er 'can be observed by a moving image by connecting a monitor such as a CRT to the CCD camera 13, and in this case, the finder optical system 14 is not always necessary. The fundus image Er ′ photographed in this manner can be displayed on the monitor together with the light emission amount value F of the photographing light source 7 which is numerically displayed as shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment. A monochrome television camera 21 is provided in the reflection direction of the switching mirror 4, and a CCD camera 22 having a color image pickup device is provided behind the switching mirror 4. . The output of the TV camera 21 is connected to the TV monitor 23.
The fact that the outputs of the television camera 21 and the image pickup device 23 are connected to the controller 17 is the same as in the first embodiment.

Similar to the first embodiment, the illumination light from the observation light source 9 illuminates the fundus Er, and the reflected light is imaged on the monochrome television camera 21 via the switching mirror 4, and the fundus image Er 'is displayed on the television. It is displayed on the monitor 23. While observing the fundus image Er ′ at this time, the eye E to be examined is aligned and focused. By using the high-sensitivity monochrome television camera 21, it is possible to perform observation with the illumination light of the observation light source 9 and observation with strobe light during fluorescence photography.

Similarly to the first embodiment, photographing is started by operating the shutter for photographing and moving the switching mirror 4 as shown by the dotted line, and the light reflected by the fundus from the photographing light source 7 is received by the CCD camera 22. To be done. Also in this case, the video signal of the observation light near the center of the screen by the monochrome television camera 21 immediately before operating the photographing shutter is obtained, and this video signal and the light amount output of the observation light source 9 are supplied to the power source 18 of the photographing light source 7. Feedback is performed to adjust the light amount of the light source 7 for photographing.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment. A photoelectric sensor 25 is arranged at a position for receiving the diffracted and reflected light of the color image pickup device 23, and the output of the photoelectric sensor 25 is connected to the controller 17.

The image pickup device 2 receives the incident light from the optical axis direction.
By utilizing the property that 3 reflects diffracted light only in a specific direction, the photoelectric sensor 25 receives the diffracted reflected light L of the image pickup device 23 by the photographing light source 7, and the output is taken into the controller 17 for the above-mentioned auto strobe light. By using the method, the light emission of the photographing light source 7 is stopped when the predetermined value is reached, and an appropriate photographing light amount is obtained.

FIG. 5 shows the fourth embodiment, in which a slit lamp or the like is used to photograph the anterior segment of the eye E with the CCD camera 26. In the present embodiment, in the front direction of the visual axis of the eye E to be examined, a CCD is provided via a light receiving optical system such as a lens 27.
A camera 26 is provided, the output of the CCD camera 26 is connected to a television monitor 28 and a controller 29, and the output of the controller 29 is connected to the power sources 18 and 20 of the light source. Further, an illumination optical system including a relay lens 6, a photographing light source 7, a relay lens 8, and an observation light source 9 is arranged in the front oblique direction of the subject's eye that does not intersect with the light receiving optical system, as in FIG.

The light flux from the observation light source 9 is reflected by the anterior segment Ef of the subject's eye E, is received by the CCD camera 26, and the anterior segment image Ef 'is displayed as a moving image on the television monitor 28. On the other hand, the anterior ocular segment image Ef ′ obtained by causing the photographing light source 7 to emit light is recorded as a still image on a printer or the like connected to the television monitor 28.

A frame G having a predetermined area for measuring the exposure value is displayed on the television monitor 28, and the light amount of the observation light source 9 in the frame G at the time of photographing is grasped by a video signal.
9 and is used to determine the light emission amount of the light source 7 for photographing. The position and size of the frame G can be freely changed by an examiner using a mouse or the like, whereby an appropriate site can be photographed with an appropriate exposure, and the exposure can be determined while avoiding strong reflected light from the cornea of the eye E to be examined. it can.

[0037]

As described above, the eye photographing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention uses the light splitting member, measures the light quantity of the luminous flux for each photographing, and determines the photographing light quantity by this signal to determine the proper exposure range. Even when shooting with a narrow image sensor, it is possible to always shoot under appropriate exposure conditions, an image with clear contrast can be obtained, and information suitable for ophthalmic diagnosis can be obtained.

Further, since the eye photographing apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention receives the diffracted and reflected light from the image pickup element of the eye photographing means and uses it for determining the quantity of the photographing light, it is possible to measure the quantity of light with high accuracy and the same as the first aspect of the invention. The effect of is obtained.

The eye photographing apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention measures the light quantity of the luminous flux by the observing means and directly controls the light emitting quantity of the light source for photographing by this signal, so that the light emitting quantity can be delicately controlled. Since there is no timing shift during shooting, more accurate shooting is possible, and the same effect as the first aspect of the invention can be obtained.

The eye photographing apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention accurately measures the amount of observation light by using the light splitting member, and by using this signal, it is possible to perform photographing without timing deviation, and the same effect as the first aspect of the invention. Is obtained.

The eye photographing apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the invention has a compact structure because the same image pickup device receives a moving image by the observation light source and a still image by the photographing light source.

In the eye photographing apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, accurate information can be obtained and a large amount of information can be sorted out by measuring the photographing light quantity and synthesizing and recording the data of the photographing light quantity on the eye image to be inspected. It is also effective for investigating changes in symptoms over time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a fundus image.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Objective Lens 2 Perforated Mirror 4, 10 Switching Mirror 5 Film 7 Photographic Light Source 9 Observation Light Source 13, 22, 26 CCD Camera 15, 25 Photoelectric Sensor 17, 29 Controller 21 Monochrome Television Camera 23, 28 Television Monitor

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An eye observing means, an eye photographing means, a light quantity measuring means for measuring a photographing light quantity through a light splitting member provided on an optical path of the eye photographing means, and based on a signal from the light quantity measuring means. An eye photographing apparatus, comprising: a control unit that controls a photographing light amount. 2. An eye observing means, an eye photographing means, and a photoelectric element for receiving diffracted and reflected light by an image pickup element of the eye photographing means, and controlling a photographing light amount based on a signal from the photoelectric element. An eye photographing device characterized by the above. 3. An eye observation light source, an observation means using the eye observation light source, an imaging means using the imaging light source, and a control means for controlling the light amount of the imaging light source based on a signal from the observation means. An eye photographing apparatus having: 4. An observing means using an eye observing light source, an photographic means using an eye illuminating light source, a light quantity measuring means for measuring an observing light quantity through a light dividing member provided on an optical path in the observing means, and an photographic operation. An eye photographing apparatus, comprising: a control unit that controls the light amount of the photographing light source based on a signal from the immediately preceding light amount measuring unit. 5. An image pickup device for performing moving image observation by an eye observation light source and still image photography by an eye photographing light source, and controlling an amount of photographing light incident on the photographing device from the photographing light source based on a signal at the time of observation. And a control unit for controlling the eye photographing apparatus. 6. An image pickup device for taking an image of an eye to be inspected by an image pickup device, a first control device for automatically controlling an image pickup light amount from the image pickup device, and an image pickup light amount decided by the first control device. 2. An eye photographing apparatus comprising: second control means for synthesizing the data of 1) into an eye image to be inspected and recording it in a recording section of the photographing means.