JPH0142991B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to compositions for rendering fire retardant components consisting of lignocellulose particles, namely particle board. The invention likewise relates to a method of rendering said materials fireproof using said compositions. The production of materials consisting of lignocellulose particles is conventional. The method for manufacturing the material is usually agglomerate by pressing one or more layers of pine made of particles of wood, flax waste, etc., and then a hardening agent, usually a synthetic resin as the main component, is applied. It consists of adhesion by means of an adhesive mixture which further contains auxiliaries such as. In many cases, materials consisting of lignocellulosic particles are formed from several layers, usually three layers: two outer layers, sandwiched between the outer layers, and usually an outer layer. and a central layer consisting of lignocellulose particles having a particle size larger than that of the lignocellulose material particles constituting the lignocellulose material. Such materials are commonly used in the construction of buildings. Safety standards regarding protection against fire hazards are becoming increasingly strict in countries around the world, making it essential that materials made of lignocellulose particles also be fire retardant. As a method for improving the fire resistance of the above-mentioned materials, the French patent discloses the incorporation of compounds such as boric acid and its salts, such as ammonium salts, in the form of compositions containing them.
1223676 and 1443833. Other fire retardant compounds such as urea (French patent no.
2171071) or certain halogenated compounds known as fire retardant compounds for plastic materials (see French patent no.
2087456)). Although it is possible to improve the fire protection of said adhesive materials which do not have the desired fire protection properties by incorporating the compounds mentioned above, the physicochemical properties of the panel are often impaired. The incorporation of ammonium salts, which must be incorporated in high proportions in order to obtain good fire resistance, significantly reduces the physicochemical properties of the panels, especially the water resistance. When boric acid and its salts are used alone, there is little deterioration in the properties of the panel, but when these compounds are blended in any proportion, good fire protection cannot be obtained. Furthermore, if an expensive fire retardant is added to the entire mat made of lignocellulose particles, the price of the product will be extremely high. The object of the present invention is to obtain a material with high fire resistance due to the synergistic effect of the components constituting the fire retardant composition when blended into lignocellulose particles, and to reduce the physicochemical properties of the material. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire retardant composition that does not cause water damage and improves its water resistance. By using the fire retardant composition of the present invention, NFP standard test method 92501
and grade as measured in accordance with 92507 (1975.11)
You can get M1 material. According to the invention, therefore, the following ingredients: boric acid 20-75% by weight, halogen-substituted organic compound flame retardant
15 to 75% by weight of antimony oxide, 5 to 45% by weight of antimony oxide, and a urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive. A fire retardant composition for incorporation into particle board is provided that is based on particles and a urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive. The fire retardant mixture in the fire retardant composition of the present invention may be blended into the lignocellulose particles at a ratio of 16 to 40 parts by weight, but the blending ratio in the particles varies depending on the type of fire retardant mixture selected. It will be understood that it is a thing. As the halogen-substituted organic compound flame retardant, brominated and/or chlorinated compounds are preferred. The compound may also be aliphatic and/or aromatic. These compounds may also be used alone or in combination. Examples of such compounds include chlorinated paraffins, decapromodiphenyl, decapromodyl phenyl ether, pysdipromopropyl ether octachlorodiphenyl, 2,4,6-tripromophenoquine-2,
Mention may be made of 3-dipromopropane. Chlorinated paraffins with a chlorine content of 70% are particularly suitable for use for the purposes of the present invention. Antimony oxide contained in the fire retardant composition of the present invention is a metal oxide known to be usable as a fire retardant. By adding derivatives of boron such as borax, borocalcite, colemanite to the fire retardant compositions of the present invention, as is known when using fire retardant compositions containing boric acid. , can facilitate the industrial production of materials consisting of lignocellulose particles. The fire retardant composition of the present invention can be applied not only to materials consisting of a single layer of lignocellulose particles, but also to materials consisting of several of the above-mentioned layers. In the latter case,
Lignocellulose particles form the outer layer of the material,
Good results can be obtained by incorporating preferably 16 to 40 parts by weight of the fire retardant mixture per 100 parts by weight of dry particles, and by incorporating a conventional fire retardant compound into the lignocellulose particles forming the inner or central layer. It is well known that the proportions incorporated into the panel material vary depending on the type of fire retardant mixture chosen. For example, boric acid can be added to the lignocellulose particles in the inner or center layer of the panel-like material to dry particles.
It has been found that good results can be obtained by blending 5 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight. In the case of multilayer materials, the fire retardant mixture and the fire retardant for the inner layer are mixed with the lignocellulose particles forming the outer layer and the lignocellulose particles forming the central layer, respectively, before assembling the layers of these particles. do. The mixture and fire retardant may be incorporated before, during or after gluing the lignocellulose particles.
Adhesion methods are well known to those skilled in the art. The method consists of mixing lignocellulose particles and an adhesive mixture. Adhesive mixtures usually consist of a synthetic resin and auxiliary agents such as hardeners, water, etc. As synthetic resin in the adhesive mixture, a urea-formaldehyde resin is used according to the invention. The amount of synthetic resin used is usually 7 to 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulose particles.
The auxiliary agents are those commonly used and commercially available for producing assemblies of lignocellulose particles. Uniform distribution of the fire retardant composition in the bonded lignocellulose particles is important to obtain a good quality composite material. In order to improve the distribution of the above composition, the fire retardant composition of the present invention is blended into the lignocellulose particles forming the outer layer of the composite material, and the fire retardant composition of the present invention is blended into the lignocellulose particles forming the center layer of the material. It is advantageous to add one or more mineral dispersants to each fire retardant. These mineral dispersants are
Silica and alumina are commonly used as such dispersants, although often in hydrated form. The mixture bonded and made fireproof according to the invention is processed according to conventional methods for producing laminated materials. For example, “The Official
Plastics and Rubber (Journal)” No. 222, 1974,
Using the apparatus described in April, page 236, a fire-resistant composite material can be produced from a fire-retardant mixture as described above. In the case of multilayer materials, they are usually manufactured in the following manner;
Spread the adhesive mixture to form the outer layer in the amount necessary to obtain the desired thickness. This first layer is then coated with an adhesive mixture to form the central layer of the assemblage, likewise in the amount necessary to obtain the desired thickness. Finally, this central layer is coated with the adhesive mixture to form the outer layer in the amount necessary to obtain the desired final thickness. Next, this sandwich-shaped product is heated and pressurized. Pressure time can vary, but depending on panel thickness and material volume, temperature 140-180
5 to 20 minutes at a temperature of 10 to 40 bar. Examples of the present invention are shown below. The fire resistance test results in the examples are based on NFP92501 standard test method (October 1975)
The fire resistance rating is the value measured according to
Graded according to NFP92507 standard test method. Further, parts in the examples are parts by weight unless otherwise specified. Example 1 Using an outer layer mixture and a center layer mixture premixed in an adhesive mixer, three layers
A panel consisting of a layer of wood particles was produced. The wood particles were adhered with an adhesive mixture containing 51% by dry weight of adhesive. The bonded wood particles and fire retardant composition were then carefully mixed. In this example, an adhesive mixture containing urea-formaldehyde resin as a main component was used as the adhesive mixture. The composition (parts) of the center and outer layers are as follows: Center layer dry wood particles 100 boric acid 10 adhesive (dry purity) 11 outer layer dry wood particles 100 boric acid 8 chlorinated paraffin (chlorine content, 70 %) 10 Antimony oxide 7.5 Adhesive (dry purity) 14 The ratio (weight ratio) of the outer layer/center layer of the panel is 60/
It was 40. The panel was heated at 150° C. for 10 minutes under a maximum pressure of 30 bar. The thus obtained panel has a density of 770Kg/m ³ and a thickness of 19
It was warm in mm. The unsanded surface of this panel was tested for fire resistance and was found to have a fire resistance rating of M1. Example 2 A panel was produced consisting of three layers of wood particles. Unlike Example 1, in this example the fire retardant composition was incorporated into the wood particles before they were bonded together. As an adhesive mixture,
An adhesive mainly composed of melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin with a dry purity of 52% by weight was used. The composition (in parts) of the outer and center layers is as follows: Center layer dry wood particles 100 boric acid 10 adhesive (dry purity) 11 outer layer dry wood particles 100 boric acid 14 chlorinated paraffin (chlorine content, 70 %)
5.7 Antimony oxide 4.3 Adhesive (dry pure content) 15 The ratio (weight ratio) of the outer layer/center layer of the panel is 60/40
It was hot. The panel was heated at 165° C. for 5 minutes under a maximum pressure of 30 bar. The thus obtained panel has a density of 754Kg/m ³ and a thickness of 19
It was warm in mm. As a result of measuring the fire resistance of the slightly polished surface of the panel thus obtained, the fire resistance rating was M1.
It was hot. Example 3 A panel was produced consisting of three layers of wood particles. In this example, the fire retardant composition was blended into the wood particles at the same time as the adhesive composition. The adhesive composition contains urea-formaldehyde resin as the main component, with an adhesive purity of 50.5% by weight.
I used the one from The composition (parts) of the center layer and outer layer are as follows: Center layer Dry wood particles 100 Boric acid 10 Colemanite 2 Alumina anhydride 0.6 Adhesive (dry purity) 12 Outer layer Dry wood particles 100 Boric acid 12 Colemanite 3 Alumina anhydride 0.8 Chlorinated paraffin 6 Antimony oxide 4 Adhesive (dry purity) 15 The outer layer/center layer ratio (weight ratio) of this panel is
It was 68/32. The panel was heated at 160° C. for 7 minutes under a maximum pressure of 35 bar. The panel thus obtained has a density of 740Kg/m ³ and a thickness of
It was 20.6mm. After polishing the panel surface to a final thickness of 19mm, the fire resistance was measured and the fire resistance rating was
It was M1. Example 4 A panel was produced consisting of three layers of wood particles. The fire retardant composition was the same as in Example 1,
It was added to the bonded wood particles. The adhesive mixture used was one containing urea-formaldehyde resin as a main component and having an adhesive purity of 50% by weight. The composition (parts) of the center layer and the outer layer are as follows: Center layer Dry wood particles 100 Boric acid 12 Adhesive (dry purity) 10 Outer layer Dry wood particles 100 Boric acid 13 Decabromodiphenyl 5 Antimony oxide 5 Adhesion Agent (dry pure content) 10 Panel center layer/outer layer ratio (weight ratio) is 60/40
It was hot. This panel is placed under pressure of up to 30 bar.
Heated at 150°C for 10 minutes. The panel thus obtained has a density of 740Kg/m ³ and a thickness of
It was 19mm. The fire resistance rating of this panel was M1. Example 5 A panel consisting of one layer of flax waste was produced. The fire retardant composition was blended with the adhered flax waste in the same manner as in Example 1. The adhesive used was one containing urea-formaldehyde resin as its main component and having a dry purity of 50% by weight. The composition of the monolayer (in parts) is as follows: Dry particles of flax waste 100 boric acid 12 chlorinated paraffin (chlorine content, 70%)
6 Antimony oxide 5 Adhesive (dry purity) 12 The panel is heated at 155°C under a maximum pressure of 40 bar.
Heat for 10 minutes. The thus obtained panel has a density of 560Kg/m ³ and a thickness of 19
It was warm in mm. The fire resistance rating of this panel was M1. Comparative Example In order to demonstrate that excellent fire retardant materials can be obtained by using the fire retardant composition of the present invention, lignocellulosic boards were impregnated with various fire retardants by the method described in the examples above. The fire resistance rating of the board was measured using the NFP92507 standard test method. The results are shown in Table 1. The parts in Table 1 are based on 100 parts of dried wood chips.

【table】

[Table] From the results shown in Table 1, when using the fire retardant composition of the present invention consisting of boric acid, antimony trioxide and chlorinated paraffin (Test No. 7), the fire retardant composition had a fire retardant rating of M1. However, when using boric acid and antimony trioxide, or when using boric acid and chlorinated paraffin, or when using boric acid, antimony trioxide and chlorinated paraffin, these It can be seen that when the ratio is outside the range specified by the present invention (Test No. 6), the fire retardant material obtained only reaches the fire retardant class M2. In the above test, an adhesive mixture containing urea-formaldehyde resin as a main component was used as the adhesive.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The following components: 20 to 75% by weight of boric acid, halogen-substituted organic compound flame retardant
15 to 75% by weight of antimony oxide, 5 to 45% by weight of antimony oxide, and a urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive. A fire retardant composition for blending into particle board whose main ingredients are particles and a urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive. 2 The halogen-substituted organic compound flame retardant includes chlorinated paraffin, decabromodiphenyl, decabromodiphenyl ether, bisdibromopropyl ether, octachlorodiphenyl and 2,4,6
The composition according to claim 1, which is a compound selected from the group consisting of -tribromophenoxy-2,3-dibromopropane. 3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the chlorine content of the chlorinated paraffin is 70% by weight. 4 The fire retardant mixture is dried lignocellulose particles.
Blended at a ratio of 16 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight,
A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5 The following ingredients: boric acid 20-75% by weight, halogen-substituted organic compound flame retardant
15 to 75% by weight of antimony oxide, 5 to 45% by weight of antimony oxide (the above proportions are based on the weight of the fireproofing mixture), and a urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive. A method for producing a fire-retardant particle board laminate, the main raw materials of which are particles and a urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, which is blended only in the outer layer of a laminate consisting of several layers of particle board. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the center layer of the laminate is made fireproof by boric acid. 7. 5 to 5 parts by weight of boric acid per 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulose particles used to form the inner layer of the laminate.
The method according to claim 6, wherein the content is 20 parts by weight.