JPH0142885Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field] This invention relates to a daylighting device that takes in sunlight.

[Background technology]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there is a method of directing sunlight into the interior of a building or basement using an optical fiber cable.

However, only light from sunlight was used; nothing used heat.

Moreover, since sunlight is focused by a lens and introduced into the optical fiber cable, heat is also collected at the same time as the light, causing the temperature of the optical fiber cable to exceed several hundred degrees, causing damage to the optical fiber cable. There was also this problem.

[Purpose of invention]

The purpose of this invention is to use light and heat effectively,
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a lighting device that can prevent damage to the device due to heat and has less chromatic aberration.

[Disclosure of the invention] The lighting device of this invention includes a light collecting device consisting of a selective reflection mirror made of an optical multilayer film whose front surface is formed with a concave curved surface and which transmits infrared rays and reflects visible light in a condensed state, and this light collecting device. A heat receiving device is provided behind the light collecting device and receives heat of infrared rays transmitted through the light collecting device, and a light receiving device receives visible light reflected by the light collecting device.

According to the configuration of this invention, the visible rays of sunlight are reflected by the concentrator and received by the light receiver and used, and the infrared rays are transmitted through the concentrator and received by the heat receiver and used. In this way, both light and heat can be used effectively, and since infrared rays do not enter the light receiving device, damage to the light receiving device can be prevented. Furthermore, the condensing device consists of a selective reflection mirror made of an optical multilayer film, which reduces chromatic aberration.

Embodiment An embodiment of this invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 7. As shown in FIG. 1, the daylighting device A of this embodiment has a condensing device 10 which is composed of a selective reflection mirror made of an optical multilayer film whose front surface is formed with a concave curved surface and which transmits infrared rays and reflects visible rays in a condensed state. and,
A heat receiving device 1 which is provided behind the light condensing device 10 and receives the heat of the infrared rays I transmitted through the light concentrating device 10.
2, and a light receiving device 14 that receives the visible light V reflected by the light condensing device 10.

As the condensing device 10, a selective reflection mirror made of an optical multilayer film is used. For normal lighting purposes, it is designed to reflect only visible light and transmit ultraviolet rays and infrared rays, but it may be set to reflect only ultraviolet rays or infrared rays depending on the purpose.

A selective reflection mirror is formed by alternately stacking low refractive index films and high refractive index films on the surface of a substrate glass. As the substrate glass, common glasses such as soda glass and hard glass are used. Furthermore, the low refractive index film is made of SiO ₂ , MgF _{2 ,} etc., which has a lower refractive index than the substrate glass, and the high refractive index film is made of TiO ₂ , ZnS, etc., which has a higher refractive index than the substrate glass. 10 to 30 layers of low refractive index and high refractive index films are stacked alternately, and the optical thickness of each layer is set to 1/4 of the wavelength of the target reflected light. Note that, in order to expand the reflection band, a film structure may be used in which two or three types of multilayer film systems with different wavelengths are stacked. The best method for forming the film is vacuum evaporation, but ion plating, sputtering,
CVD (chemical vapor deposition), dipping, etc. may also be used.

For example, 15 layers of a high refractive index film made of TiO ₂ and a low refractive index film made of SiO ₂ (7 layers with a wavelength of 132 nm,
FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the wavelength of light and the transmittance in a condensing device formed by stacking 8 layers of light having a wavelength of 169 nm. As shown in the figure, ultraviolet light (380 nm or less) and infrared light (800 nm or more) have high transmittance, while visible light (380 nm to 800 nm) has low transmittance.

Further, in FIG. 1, the light condensing device 10 is installed in front of the support stand 34, and the light-transmitting cover 3
It is blocked at 2. In the center of the light-transmitting cover 32, there is an auxiliary reflecting mirror 3 that reflects visible light V reflected by the condenser 10 at a hole 38 provided at the center of the condenser 10.
6 is installed. Note that the auxiliary reflecting mirror 36 is arranged slightly inside the focal point of the visible light V reflected by the condensing device 10. Furthermore, a heat receiving device 12 consisting of a heat pipe arranged in a ring shape is installed behind the light condensing device 10. Also, hole 38
Behind the lens 40 is attached with a mounting bracket 42, and a light receiving device 14 made of a flexible optical fiber cable is further provided with a connector 44.

As shown in FIG. 3, seven daylighting devices A made in this way are fixedly mounted on the daylighting device mounting base 28,
A sunlight tracking type daylighting device as shown in FIG. 2 is constructed. In the figure, reference numeral 16 denotes a base, which is installed on the roof 20 of a building via a mounting base 18. A direction drive device 22 consisting of a pulse motor is installed inside the base 16, and its rotation shaft 2
4 extends vertically through the base 16. Base 1
A condensing device support arm 26 is provided above the azimuth angle drive device 22 and is engaged with the rotating shaft 24 of the azimuth angle drive device 22 . A light collecting device mount 28 is provided on the upper part of the light collecting device support arm 26 and is supported rotatably in the vertical direction about a horizontal axis (not shown). The rotation of the condensing device mount 28 is performed by an altitude angle drive device 30 consisting of a pulse motor installed on a horizontal axis.
Also, 46 is an acrylic translucent dome,
It is supported by a dome support 48. Furthermore, the end of the heat receiving device 12 is connected to the heat pipe 50 via the joint 54 within the base 16, and the end of the light receiving device 14 is connected to the joint 5 within the base 16.
6 to an optical fiber cable 52. In addition, the optical fiber cable 52 is 250μ~
It is made by bundling 37 to 200 400μ quartz glass fibers and protecting the surface with polyethylene, etc.
Further, a fluorocarbon gas or the like is used as a heat medium for the heat pipe 50.

The control device 58 that controls the sunlight tracking type daylighting device will be explained based on FIGS. 4 and 5. In FIG. 4, the control device 58 includes, in order from the top, an arithmetic control section 60, a motor driver section 6, and a motor driver section 60.
2, a power supply section 64, and the calculation control section 60 is provided with a display section 66 and an operation section 68, as shown in FIG. Note that calculations are performed by a microcomputer.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained based on the block diagram of FIG. In the figure, a main calculation section 70, a memory section 72, a control section 74, and a drive calculation section 76 are included in the calculation control section 60 of the control device 58.

The main calculation unit 70 calculates changes in the position of the sun about once every 0.5 seconds using the solar orbit method to determine the high angle and azimuth angle of the sun. The formula for calculating the change in the position of the sun is shown below.

sinh＝sinφ・sinδ＋cosφ・cosδ・cost sinα=cosδ・sint/cosh h: Sun altitude (horizontal 0°, zenith 90°) α: solar direction (horizontal 0°, east -90°, west of
90°) t: Time (1 hour is 15°, with meridian time being 0°) φ: Latitude of the setting location δ: Declination (coordinate position of the sun on the celestial sphere) The memory section 72 stores the position of the sun. Data necessary for calculation, such as the latitude and longitude of the setting location, the declination angle of the building (inclination angle with respect to the south), south direction, operating time, tracking start angle, etc., are stored in advance.

The control unit 74 performs display, input/output operations, and controls program calculations.

The drive calculation unit 76 calculates the azimuth and altitude angle of the daylighting device A necessary for directing the daylighting device A at right angles to the sun position calculated by the main calculation unit 70 . The calculation result calculated by the drive calculation section 76 is outputted to the motor driver section 62 via an output section (not shown).

The motor driver section 62 includes an azimuth angle motor driver section 78 and a high angle motor driver section 80. Each motor driver section 78, 80 receives the output signal of the calculation result from the drive calculation section 76, converts the output signal into a pulse signal, and drives each pulse motor of the azimuth angle drive device 22 and the high angle drive device 30. Drive.

The display unit 66 displays the date, time, sun altitude, azimuth, etc. indicating the operating status of the device.

The operation section 68 performs on/off operations to drive the device.

The sensor unit 82 captures information such as the temperature and humidity required for the operation of the device, the reference angle of the lighting device A, and whether the device is rotated beyond an allowable range.

With this configuration, the daylighting device A is sequentially directed at right angles to the sunlight L by the control device 58. Of the sunlight L incident on the light collecting device 10, infrared rays I pass through the light collecting device 10, are received by the heat receiving device 12, and are recovered by the heat pipe 50 to the heat exchange unit. As a heat source, it is used for hot water and space heating in the same way as solar systems.
Also, of the sunlight L, the visible light V is absorbed by the light condensing device 1.
0, further reflected by the auxiliary reflecting mirror 36, and enters the hole 38 of the condensing device 10. Then, the light is focused by the lens 40 to a diameter of about 2 mm and enters the light receiving device 14. Then, the light is guided into the building through the optical fiber cable 52, and further enlarged or reduced by a lens provided at the tip of the optical fiber cable 52, and then irradiated onto the irradiation surface. In this way, sunlight L
Separate the heat of infrared rays I and the light of visible rays V,
Each can be used effectively and economically.

Further, since infrared rays I do not enter the light receiving device 14, even if the infrared rays I are focused by the lens 40, the angle can be kept below 100 degrees. Therefore, thermal deterioration of the core material and adhesive of the light receiving device 14 and the optical fiber cable 52 can be prevented, durability can be improved, and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, the heat receiving device 12 is installed behind the light collecting device 10 and is the part of the sunlight L that the infrared rays I reach, so the heat conversion efficiency is high and costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, when sunlight is focused using a Fresnel lens or the like, the light emitted from the optical fiber cable has color variations due to aberrations (differences in wavelength). However, by using a selective reflection mirror in the condensing device 10, chromatic aberration can be reduced.

Furthermore, by changing the film composition of the light collecting device 10, any component of the sunlight L can be obtained.

Note that if the auxiliary reflecting mirror 36 is also a selective reflecting mirror,
The heat of the light incident on the light receiving device 14 can be further reduced.

Further, the light receiving device may be a solar cell or the like,
Further, the heat receiving device may be a heat exchanger of a heat pump or the like.

[Effect of idea]

According to the daylighting device of this invention, the visible rays of sunlight are reflected by the concentrator and received by the light receiving device and used, and the infrared rays are transmitted through the concentrator and received by the heat receiving device and used. . In this way, both light and heat can be used effectively, and since infrared rays do not enter the light receiving device, it is possible to prevent the light receiving device from being damaged by heat. Furthermore, since the condensing device is composed of a selective reflection mirror made of an optical multilayer film, an effect of reducing chromatic aberration can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of this invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of its solar tracking type daylighting device, Fig. 3 is a partial plan view thereof, Fig. 4 is a front view of its control device, FIG. 5 is a front view of the arithmetic and control unit, FIG. 6 is a block diagram thereof, and FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between wavelength and transmittance of the condensing device. 10... Light collecting device, 12... Heat receiving device, 14...
...Light receiving device, A...Lighting device, I...Infrared, L
...Sunlight, V...Visible light.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A concentrating device consisting of a selective reflection mirror with an optical multilayer film whose front surface is formed with a concave curved surface and transmits infrared rays and reflects visible rays in a condensed state; A daylighting device comprising: a heat receiving device that receives infrared heat; and a light receiving device that receives visible light reflected by the light collecting device.