JPH0140224B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a starter with a speed reduction mechanism, and more particularly to this type of starter that employs a two-stage meshing method to ensure smooth engagement between the pinion gear of the starter and the ring gear of the engine. It is.

The conventional two-stage mesh starter with reduction mechanism is
As stated in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-13808, etc., when the pinion gear hits the ring gear,
Either the motor rotates the pinion slowly in the opposite direction to its normal rotation, or it applies insufficient torque for reverse rotation, and at the end of the meshing process of both gears, the motor rotates in the normal direction of rotation. It is designed to rotate the engine with high torque. In this way, meshing the pinion gear and ring gear with a weak torque and then increasing the torque after meshing is useful for smoothly and reliably meshing both gears.

However, in the conventional example, no consideration was given to a compact magnetic switch applied to this type of starter, and the problem was that the magnetic switch became complicated and large, and the cost increased.

Additionally, since a reverse torque was applied before both gears came into contact, energy was lost.

The object of the present invention is to provide a first contact that closes a control circuit that operates immediately after both gears come into contact and rotates the motor at low torque, and a control circuit that rotates the motor at high torque after both gears are engaged. An object of the present invention is to provide a starter with a speed reduction mechanism in which a second contact for closing a circuit is compactly integrated into a magnetic switch.

The above purpose is to hold the movable contact of the first contact in a state where it can move relative to the plunger of the magnetic switch, and the fixed contact is fixed to the non-movable part of the magnetic switch, so that both contacts are moved by the displacement of the plunger. After contact, only the plunger is configured to be able to further displace in the same direction, and when the plunger further moves a predetermined amount in the same direction after the first contact closes, the movable contact of the second contact moves into the plunger. The relationship between the displacement of the plunger and the inter-contact distance l ₂ of the first contact and the distance L ₁ between the pinion gear and the ring gear is l ₁ +L ₁ ′+α=l ₂ …(1) L ₁ =b/aL ₁ ′ …(2) Here, l ₁ : Play between plunger and shift lever L ₁ ′ : Play between pinion gear and ring gear Amount of displacement of the plunger corresponding to the dimensions α: Amount of displacement of the plunger after contact between the pinion gear and ring gear (positive value including zero) b/a: Amplification of the amount of displacement of the pinion relative to the amount of displacement of the plunger due to the shift lever This is achieved by configuring the ratio so that the ratio is the same.

According to the present invention configured in this way, the first and second contacts that open and close in conjunction with each other as the plunger advances and retreats can be compactly formed in the magnetic switch, and torque is not generated until both gears come into contact. , there is no wasted energy consumption.

In the conventional example, when the torque of the motor is switched from reverse torque to torque in the normal rotational direction, a large reverse torque is generated in the motor, which may cause the pinion gear to rotate slightly in the reverse direction at that moment. This creates a gap in the circumferential direction between the pinion gear and the ring gear, and in that state, if the normal rotational direction applies a strong rotational torque the next moment, both gears will collide and create a large impact. . As a result, there are problems such as gear damage and abnormal noise.

These problems can be solved in the present invention by constructing a control circuit that provides low-torque rotation to the motor from the first field winding circuit, and constructing a control circuit that provides high-torque rotation to the motor from the first field winding circuit. The torque of the motor due to the circuit can be eliminated by comprising a redundantly connected second field winding circuit.

With this configuration, when the motor switches from low-torque rotation to high-torque rotation, a gap in the circumferential direction does not occur between the two gears, so there is no collision between the two gears when high torque is applied.
There is no gear damage or abnormal noise.

The present invention will be explained in detail below using examples shown in the drawings.

The figure is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the starter of the present invention. However, for ease of understanding, the motor is shown as an electrical circuit diagram. In FIG. 1, 1 is a battery, 2 is a key switch, 3 is a magnetic switch according to the present invention, and 4 is a magnetic switch 3.
, 6 is a plunger of the magnetic switch 3, 7 is a movable contact of a first contact disposed at one end of the plunger 6 so as to be slidable in the axial direction and insulated by insulating members 8 and 9; is a contact pressing spring, 11
12 is a plunger return spring, 13 and 14 are a pair of fixed contacts corresponding to the movable contact 7, the fixed contact 13 is connected to the battery 1, and the fixed contact 14 is connected to a field coil 22a that rotates a motor with low torque, which will be described later. It's connected. 15 is a contactor shaft pushed by the other end of the plunger 6; 16 is a movable contact of a second contact disposed so as to be slidable in the axial direction while being insulated from the contactor shaft 15; 17 is a contact pushing spring; 18 is a contactor shaft; The contacts 19 and 20 are a pair of fixed contacts corresponding to the movable contact 16, the fixed contact 19 is connected to the battery 1, and the fixed contact 20 is connected to the field coil 2 that rotates the motor at the rated torque together with the field coil 22a.
It is connected to 2b. 21 is the armature of the motor, 22a and 22b are the field coils of the motor, the motor is a 4-pole field type, and the wiring is 2 in series and parallel.
When the field coil 22a is energized, the rotation is at low torque, and when the field coils 22a and 22b are energized, the rotation is at the rated torque, and engine starting power is generated at this time. 23 is a speed reduction mechanism, and one of the gears of the speed reduction mechanism 23 also serves as the shaft of the armature 21 of the motor. 24 is a pinion, and when the plunger 6 of the magnetic switch 3 moves in the direction of arrow A in the figure, the pinion 24 moves forward in the direction of arrow B in the figure.
A pinion gear 25 is adapted to mesh with a ring gear 27 of an engine (not shown).

Next, the operation will be explained. When key switch 2 is closed, magnetic switch 3 is released from battery 1.
The coil 4 is energized, the plunger 6 moves in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and the shift lever 2
6, the pinion 24 is pushed out in the direction of arrow B (forward movement), and the pinion gear 25 reaches the end surface of the ring gear 27. On the other hand, as the plunger 6 moves in the direction of arrow A, the first movable contact 7 contacts the fixed contacts 13 and 14, thereby closing the circuit between the fixed contacts 13 and 14. Therefore, current flows from the battery 1 to the field coil 22a through the first contact, generating low rotational torque in the motor, causing the pinion gear 25 to rotate, and the pinion gear 25 and ring gear 27 to mesh with each other. In this case, the reason why the rotational torque is low is because it is in a depolarized state, and since the rotational torque is low, the armature 2
The rotation start-up characteristic of the shaft No. 1 is gradual, and since there is a reduction mechanism 23, the pinion gear 25
The rotation start-up characteristics of the pinion gear 25 and the ring gear 27 become more gradual, and the axial force at the time of meshing becomes smaller, so that the pinion gear 25 and the ring gear 27 mesh easily and reliably. Therefore, damage and wear are reduced, and the suction force of the plunger 6 of the magnetic switch 3 can be reduced.

On the other hand, pinion gear 25 and ring gear 27
When they engage, the plunger 6 moves further in the direction of arrow A by an amount corresponding to the distance that the pinion 24 moves. As a result, the contactor shaft 15 is pressed, the movable contact 16 of the second contact contacts the fixed contacts 19 and 20, and the fixed contacts 19 and 20 are closed. Therefore, current flows from the battery 1 to the field coil 22b through the second contact, and at this time, current flows to the field coils 22a and 22b, so the motor rotates at the rated torque and generates engine starting power. and start the engine.

When the engine starts, release key switch 2. At this time, the plunger 6 is returned by the action of the plunger return spring 12, so that the movable contact 7 of the first contact is connected to the fixed contacts 13 and 1.
4, and the contactor shaft 15 returns due to the action of the contact return spring 18.
The movable contact 16 of the contact moves away from the fixed contacts 19 and 20, and at the same time, the pinion 24 returns to its original position and the starter stops.

Note that when the plunger 6 moves _l1 in the direction of arrow A due to the excitation of the coil 4, it hits one end of the shift lever 26 and then moves on the magnetic switch shaft.
When L ₁ ' moves, the pinion 24 moves in the direction of arrow B.
_L1 advances, and the end face of the pinion gear 25 hits the end face of the ring gear 27. Furthermore, plunger 6 is α
If only the same direction is attracted, JP-A-51-12608
As is known from the publication, the shift lever 2
The sleeve 31 with which 6 is engaged moves over the tube 33 to the left in the drawing while compressing the spring 32 in the cover 34. As a result, the movable contact 7 becomes the fixed contact 1.
3 and 14, and the field coil 2 of the motor
Close the circuit 2a.

When the motor rotates due to this, the reduction mechanism 2
3, the output shaft 30 rotates with low torque, and the pinion gear 25 rotates slowly and engages the ring gear 27. In this state, when the plunger 6 is further sucked in the same direction by _L2 ', the pinion gear 25 moves to the left in the drawing by _L2 .
At this time, the movable contact 7 is prevented from moving by the fixed contacts 13 and 14, and only the plunger 6 moves further in the direction of arrow A.

As a result, the right end surface of the plunger 6 pushes the contactor shaft 15 to the right in the drawing against the spring 18, and at the end, the movable contact 16 and the fixed contacts 19, 2
0 makes contact.

At this time, the field coil 22b is energized by the battery 1, and the motor is energized by the field coil 22b.
Rotational torque due to 2a and field coil 22b
Due to the rotational torque in the same direction, a high rotational torque state is generated, and the rated torque that drives the engine is generated.

The amount of movement of the plunger 6, the amount of movement of the pinion 24, and the dimensional relationship between the contact points are expressed as follows.

l ₁ +L ₁ ′+α=l ₂ <l ₃ …(3) Here, l ₁ , L ₁ ′, and α are the same as in equation (1), and l ₂ ; between the movable contact 7 and fixed contacts 13 and 14 Distance between contacts l ₃ ; Dimension between the right end surface of plunger 6 and the tip of contactor shaft 15 L ₁ = b/aL ₁ '...(2) Here, L ₁ ; Distance L between pinion gear 25 and ring gear 27 ₂ = b/aL ₂ ′...(4) Here, L ₂ ; meshing dimension of pinion gear 25 and ring gear 27 L ₂ ′; displacement amount of plunger 6 corresponding to L ₂ l ₁ +L ₁ +L ₂ ′≒l ₄ ...(5) Here, l ₄ ; Distance between the right end surface of the plunger 6 at its initial position and the maximum displacement point of the contactor shaft 15 l ₄ - _{l 3} > l ₅ ...(6) Here, l ₅ ; Movable contact 16 and the fixed contacts 19 and 20 As explained above, according to the present invention, the pinion gear of the starter and the ring gear of the engine can be meshed easily and reliably, and This has the effect of significantly reducing wear and making it possible to downsize the magnetic switch.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a starter with a speed reduction mechanism according to the present invention. 3...Magnetic switch, 4...Coil, 6
...Plunger, 7...Movable contact of the first contact,
12...Plunger return spring, 13,
14... fixed contact of the first contact, 15... contactor shaft, 16... movable contact of the second contact,
19, 20...Second contact fixed contact, 21...
Motor armature, 22a, 22b...Motor field coil, 23...Reduction mechanism, 24...
...Pinion, 25...Pinion gear, 26...
Shift lever, 27...Engine ring gear.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An armature shaft of a motor is connected to a pinion via a reduction mechanism, and the gear of the pinion is engaged with a ring gear of an engine to start the engine, and when the engine is started, a magnetic switch that operates to close the control circuit of the motor; and a first contact and a second contact that open and close in accordance with the advance and retreat of the plunger of the magnetic switch; The contact closes a control circuit for rotating the motor at low torque when the teeth of the pinion gear contact the teeth of the gear of the ring gear during the meshing process between the pinion gear and the ring gear, and The contacts are configured to close a control circuit for rotating the motor at high torque near the end of the meshing process of both gears, wherein the movable contact of the first contact is movable relative to the plunger. The fixed contact is fixed to the non-movable part of the magnetic switch, and after the two contacts come into contact due to the displacement of the plunger, only the plunger can be further displaced in the same direction. The movable contact of the second contact is operated by the plunger, and after the first contact closes, when the plunger further moves by a predetermined amount in the same direction, the movable contact The fixed contact of the second contact is fixed at a predetermined position on the non-movable part of the magnetic switch so as to contact the fixed contact of the second contact, and the fixed contact of the second contact is fixed at a predetermined position on the non-movable part of the magnetic switch, and The relationship between the distance between the contacts l ₂ and the distance L ₁ between the pinion gear and the ring gear is such that the play between the plunger and the shift lever is l ₁ , and the amount of displacement of the plunger corresponding to the L ₁ is L ₁ ′, α is the displacement of the plunger after contact between the pinion gear and the ring gear (a positive value including zero), and α is the displacement of the pinion relative to the displacement of the plunger caused by the shift lever. A starter with a speed reduction mechanism characterized in that when the amplification ratio is b/a, l ₁ +L ₁ ′+α=l ₂ L=b/aL ₁ ′. 2. The control circuit that provides the low-torque rotation includes a first field winding circuit, and the control circuit that provides the high-torque rotation is connected to further redundant the motor torque generated by the first field winding circuit. second
A starter with a speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, comprising a field winding circuit.