JPH0133679B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an exhaust turbine supercharger consisting of a compressor housing that surrounds a compressor impeller and is secured to a stator housing that mounts a drive shaft by a rear wall. The present invention relates to a type of compressor that can be incorporated into a compressor.

Known high speed compressors, more particularly of the type incorporated into exhaust turbine superchargers, include:
Generates considerable noise. This is because the material from which the compressor is made will propagate any mechanical vibrations generated by the compressor during operation of the compressor. The vibrations causing the noise are generated by the rotation of the rotor, for example when the rotor is unbalanced. These mechanical vibrations are propagated through the stator member and radiated at the compressor housing. In this regard,
A resonance phenomenon occurs in the compressor housing and rear wall.

This level of noise, which can be very bothersome when in the high frequency range, is extremely difficult to reduce. One solution to reducing noise levels is very precise rotor balancing, and this solution has been successful to some extent. However, this solution turned out to be very expensive to implement. Moreover, the center of balance of the rotor moves during its operation, whereby a reduction in noise can only be achieved for a short time. The main causes of the increase in the level of noise during operation of a compressor are rotor wear, aging and new imbalances in the rotor due to thermal or elastic or plastic deformations. Note that these rotor wears occur as a result of mechanical stress due to the internal moment of the rotor, which has a small resistance to centrifugal force and bending.

It is possible, however, to improve the attenuation of the noise propagation through the compressor and between the rotor and stator by enlarging the damping clearance of the antifriction bearing; however, this solution is of very small value. This is because, in order to ensure smooth rotation of the rotor, that is, to optimize the system consisting of the bearing and rotor from the dynamic viewpoint of the rotor, it is necessary to change the dimensions of the bearing clearance. This is because it is almost never allowed.

Finally, the level of noise produced by the compressor can also be influenced by the difference in mass ratio between the rear wall of the compressor housing and the compressor housing. However, increasing the mass of the rear wall of the compressor housing results in a relatively heavy compressor, at which point other functional failures occur, making economical mass production of the compressor almost impractical. It becomes possible.

Therefore, the present invention significantly reduces the noise level caused by compressors of the type incorporated in exhaust turbine superchargers, facilitates mass production of the compressors, and provides an alternative to already existing compressors. The aim is to obtain a compressor that can also be easily applied.

According to the invention, this problem is solved in that the compressor housing includes a rear wall that surrounds the compressor impeller and is secured to the stator housing, and the stator housing provides a drive shaft for the compressor impeller. In a rotatably mounted compressor for an exhaust gas turbine supercharger, the rear wall of the compressor housing has a central disk including an opening for receiving the drive shaft therethrough, and is flush with the central disk. and at least one outer annular disk disposed around the compressor housing for damping vibrations and sound propagated through the compressor housing.
an elastic separation ring (hereinafter referred to as "separation ring") disposed between and connecting the central disk and the at least one outer annular disk; The problem is solved by a compressor with special features.

According to the invention, the propagation of sound through the compressor from the rotor and stator to the compressor housing is significantly damped by the isolation ring, so that the level of noise radiation is reduced very significantly. Become. As a result of the tests, depending on the construction of the rear wall of the compressor housing, a noise attenuation of 12 dB at low frequencies and more than 20 dB at high frequencies was achieved at frequencies between 600 and 2000 Hz.
Note that in this test a rotor obtained from conventional production and not precisely balanced was used.

According to another feature of the invention, two or more separating rings are arranged in the rear wall of the compressor housing. In this regard, the attachment of each separation ring is determined by the ratio of the individual mass of each portion of the rear wall separated by the separation ring to the total mass of the rear wall. The advantage of using several separating rings is that a series-connected damping system is obtained, and by adjusting the mass ratio, noise radiation, especially in the large frequency range, can be damped. The design of the separation ring can vary widely and is dependent on the respective structural features of the rear wall of the compressor housing.

Another advantageous feature of the invention may be that each separation ring is a flat annular band member which exerts a force against an adjacent member of the rear wall of the compressor housing. are connected by adhesive in a relationship that transmits the information. Preferably, the annular band member is provided with projections which are in adhesive connection in a force transmitting relationship with adjacent portions of the rear wall. The separation ring is made from a heat-resistant and adhesive-resistant elastomer or rubber material, which can be glued or vulcanized between the parts of the rear wall. Alternatively, the separation ring may be made of plastic material. In this regard, it can be provided that in the fabrication of the rear wall a highly heat-resistant thermoplastic or polyamide material is inserted into the space provided for the separating ring.

That is, the solution according to the invention as described above is such that the rear wall of the compressor housing is divided into a central disk and an outer annular disk, and the air flow is propagated through the rear wall section surrounding the central disk in the circumferential direction. The invention is characterized in that it has at least one separating ring for damping vibrations and sounds, which separating ring connects the rear wall sections of both adjacent housings.

This solution according to the invention is thus characterized in that a separating ring is arranged directly between the central disc of the rear wall of the compressor housing and the outer annular disc. However, direct attachment of the separation ring to the central disk and the outer annular disk of the rear wall of the compressor housing is relatively complex to manufacture. This is because, in particular, the best materials for the separation ring, the central disk and the outer annular disk of the compressor housing, which are usually made from die-cast aluminum, have different expansion rates and therefore This is because it is not possible to reliably avoid the separation phenomenon that naturally occurs when the materials of the separation ring contract after they have been injected into the annular gap between the central disc and the outer annular disc. To avoid this, in the present invention the central disk is surrounded by at least one separating ring which damps the vibrations and sounds transmitted through the rear wall section and which transmits the forces. The outer annular disc is attached to the connecting and separating ring by frictional engagement and/or formative engagement. This configuration makes do with a central disk of only one size for the rear wall of various large compressor housings, onto which the separation ring is mounted in each case by means of a metal bushing. give you the possibility to The outer annular disks of the rear wall of the different compressor housings, which correspond to the different dimensions of one structural series, are assembled onto the metal bushing, preferably by a push-fit.

Also, a single isolation ring, which damps vibrations and sounds propagated through the rear wall section, is placed between two metal bushings, one of which is connected to the central disc and the other to the outside. It is also effective to connect with the rectangular annular disk by frictional engagement, shape-based engagement, or any one of them. This embodiment is complicated for continuous production, however the separating ring placed between the two metal bushings gives the possibility of its production independent of the rear wall. For assembly, both the central disc and the outer annular disc are preferably assembled by a push-fit.

A method for fabricating at least one coupling for damping vibration and sound propagating between a central disc and an outer annular disc of a rear wall of a compressor housing includes: concentrically to the rear wall section, leaving an annular gap for the coupling that dampens vibrations and sounds propagating; to be cast, press-fitted, vulcanized, or attached by similar methods. The method described above results in an essentially pressure-free assembly of the separating ring between the outer annular disc and the central disc.

However, for special application cases,
It may be desirable for the separation ring to be under some compressive stress. To this end, the invention provides for the fabrication of a separating ring that is assembled in two parts, with a metal bushing exactly concentric with respect to the central disc, damping the vibrations and sounds propagated through the rear wall section. injecting, press-fitting and vulcanizing into the annular gap a material that damps vibrations and sound propagated through the rear wall portion of the separation ring; or by a similar method, by pressing the outer annular disk of the rear wall of the compressor housing onto the metal bushing while compressing a material that dampens vibrations and sounds transmitted through the rear wall section. This design takes into consideration the possibility of a push fit or a push fit. This compresses the outer diameter of the metal bushing by a certain determined value, whereby the boundary layer between the separating ring and the metal bushing resists the tendency of the separating ring to separate from the metal. It becomes under compressive stress which acts like this. This compressive stress also extends through the separation ring to the boundary layer between the central disk and the separation ring, so that the risk of separation is also overcome for this boundary layer. be able to do so.

Finally, the invention provides for a three-part metal-separation ring-metal structure, with both metal bushings concentrically provided with an annular gap to the material damping the vibrations and sound propagated through the rear wall section. inject, press fit, vulcanize, or by any other method, on the one hand, by inserting the inner metal bushing onto the central disk and, on the other hand, by applying the outer annular disk of the rear wall of the compressor housing onto the outer metal bushing. It contemplates assembly or force-fitting in a force-transmitting relationship under pressure. In this form of the invention, a three-part structure consisting of a metal bushing, a separation ring and a metal bushing is prefabricated separately, thereby allowing it to be attached to the rear wall of the compressor housing of different construction series. in which the structurally differently formed part of the rear wall of the compressor housing is
The advantage arises from the shape of the central disc and the outer annular disc that they can be combined with each other. This three-part construction also serves the purpose when the material used for the separation ring does not allow the desired rigid connection with the commonly used aluminum material of the rear wall of the compressor housing. I found out that it was on. The three-part structure allows the metal bushing to be made from a material that is very intimate with the material of the separation ring and allows a connection that is not compromised by separation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings showing embodiments thereof.

First, please refer to FIG.

The figure shows an exhaust turbine supercharger consisting of a stator housing 10 on which a rotor shaft 11 is mounted for rotation. The rotor shaft 11 has a turbine impeller 1 disposed in a turbine housing 14 on the right hand side as seen in FIG.
I support 2. Looking at FIG. 1, the rotor shaft 11
Mounted on the left-hand side is a preferred embodiment of the compressor according to the invention, which consists of a compressor impeller 16 rotating within a compressor housing 18. The compressor housing 18 is enclosed at its rear end, ie the end directly opposite the stator housing 10, by a rear wall 20. The rear wall 20 is secured to the stator housing 10 by screws, only one of which is shown in FIG.

If mechanical vibrations occur due to an imbalance in the turbine impeller 12 or compressor impeller 16, the vibrations are transmitted by the stator housing 10 to the compressor housing 18 and It is radiated at Compressor housing 18
The resonance phenomenon of the system consisting of the rear wall 20 of the compressor housing 18 and It is done by twisting. Exposed on the inside of the compressor housing 18 of the rear wall 20 and in order to resist the propagation of sound caused by mechanical vibrations through the compressor housing 18 and to reduce the radiation of sound. Inserted into the region outside the rotor is a separating ring 22, which extends over the entire axial thickness of the rear wall 20 concentrically with respect to the rotor axis 11. The separating ring 22 is made of a heat-resistant elastomer, for example a heat-resistant rubber material, or a plastic material;
ensures a strong adhesive connection with two adjacent metal parts of the rear wall 20, thereby causing a strong adhesive connection to occur between the rear wall 20 and the separation ring 22.

Due to the separation ring 22, the rear wall 20 of the compressor housing has a central disc 20.1 and an outer annular disc 20.1.
0.2, in which respect the isolation ring 22 provides attenuation of the sound propagated through the compressor housing 18 between the central disc 20.1 and the outer annular disc 20.2. to occur in

In the experimental structure of the compressor according to the invention,
A very significant reduction in the level of noise was obtained using elastic heat resistant adhesives. The two reference models used both showed a noise reduction of approximately 10 dB at 400 Hz, over a frequency curve from approximately 400 to 2000 Hz, but approximately 10 dB reduction at 1100 ^{to 16} Hz.
It showed an improvement of 13 dB and an improvement of more than 20 dB at about 1700 Hz.

The material used for the separation ring 22 is
It has good material damping and good mechanical properties at a temperature of 140℃. These properties are achieved with highly heat resistant rubber materials, and silicone rubber is recommended in this regard. Plastic materials such as polyamides and highly heat resistant thermoplastics are also recommended.

The specific dimensions of the separation gap in the rear wall 20, which gap is filled by the separation ring 22, are determined by the material from which the separation ring 22 is made.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the rear wall 30 of the compressor housing, which is subdivided into three parts by two separating rings 32 and 33. Said portions each have a central disk 30.
1, an intermediate annular disc 30.3 connected thereto by a separating ring 32, and an outer annular disc 30.2 connected thereto by a separating ring 33.
The connection to the stator 10 is made by a central disc 30.1, while the connection to the compressor housing 18 is made by an outer annular disc 30.2.

Two separating rings 32 and 33 in the rear wall 30
This results in an intermediate mass portion which has a significant influence on the resonance behavior and which can be significantly influenced by the shape of the intermediate annular disk 30.3. The compressor housing 1 passes through such an intermediate mass part.
The attenuation of the sound propagated through the 8 can be significantly influenced. In this way, with the help of structural measures, it is possible to deliberately reduce the acoustic radiation, but in this regard the best of different structural designs of the compressor housing and the rear wall cooperated. It is possible to

As a result of the measures according to the invention, already existing exhaust turbine superchargers are modified in such a way that there is a better attenuation of the sounds transmitted through the compressor housing, and a concomitantly better suppression of the sounds. It is also possible.

Since very high damping values can be achieved with the invention, the rotor, namely the compressor impeller 16, the rotor shaft 11 and the turbine impeller 12
The precise balancing of can be omitted.
Significant manufacturing advantages result in this way.

Although not shown in the figure, the compressor housing 1
The effect of damping the sound propagated via 8 can also be carried out by means of a separating ring arranged eccentrically with respect to the rotor axis. This can be particularly advantageous when the cross-sectional dimensions of the compressor housing vary significantly, thereby causing non-uniform mass distribution. Such an eccentric arrangement of the separating ring has a corresponding influence on resonance phenomena in the compressor housing and in the rear wall, via its influence on the mass variations of the individual parts of the rear wall.

Another embodiment of the rear wall of the compressor housing 18 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rear wall being designated by the reference numeral 40 and having projections on the inside and outside thereof. Separation ring 42 provided with 43
have. The projections 43 engage in corresponding recesses on the end faces of the central disc 40.1 and the outer annular disc 40.2 of the rear wall 40. The production of such a separating ring 42 can be carried out by inserting its component, made from die-cast metal, for example aluminum, into an injection mold, with respect to which a gap corresponding to the thickness of the separating ring 42 is provided. , this gap is injected with plastic material to form a separating ring 42. Instead of plastic materials,
It is also possible that a rubber material is used and that the rubber material is glued or vulcanized between the material parts. Through the use of a separating ring 42 having rib-like projections 43 on portions of the inner and outer peripheries of the rear wall 40, an adhesive connection in force-transmitting relation is ensured.

A rear wall 50 of a compressor housing according to yet another embodiment of the invention shown in FIG.
0.1 and a central disk 50.2, between which a separating ring 52 and a metal bushing 53 are arranged, made of a material that damps vibrations and sounds propagating through the rear wall section. The rear wall of a compressor housing of the same construction is shown in an exploded perspective view in FIG.

For the manufacture of such a rear wall 50 of a compressor housing, an outer annular disk 50.1 and a central disk 5 are required.
0.2 is made from aluminum die-casting and is surface machined to bring the surfaces adjacent to the separation ring 52 and metal bushing 53 to the required critical dimensions. For assembly, first the metal bushing 53 is placed exactly around the central disk 50.2,
This creates a gap for the intermediate layer which damps vibrations and sound propagating through the rear wall section. A suitable material is injected, pressed or otherwise placed into this gap. If a rubber material is used, this material is vulcanized. This ensures that the separation ring 52, on the one hand, and the central disk 50.2, on the other hand, are firmly glued to the metal bushing 53. After finishing the metal bushing 53, the outer annular disc 50.1 is attached to the metal bushing 53.
on which a force-transmitting connection occurs. In this case, the outer annular disc 50.1
A push fit is particularly advantageous. This is because, with careful dimensioning, provision can be made that the metal bushing 53 is pressed with a certain defined pressure and that this pressure compresses the metal bushing 53. This slight deformation is
A very good and permanent connection occurs in the boundary layer between the separating ring and the adjacent metal surface, thus ensuring that no loosening phenomena occur during subsequent operation.

In yet a further embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 7, the rear wall 60 includes a central disc 60.2;
It consists of an outer annular disk 60.1, an outer metal bushing 63 and an elastic ring 62.
and an inner metal bushing 64, which are interconnected by a separation ring with a three-part structure. Although this construction is complex to manufacture, it has the advantage, however, that the three-part coupling element can be finished independently of the rest of the rear wall of the compressor housing. There is. In this case, there is the particular advantage that materials can also be used for the separation ring 62, for which no reliable adhesion on the aluminum surface is guaranteed. However, in this case,
The combination of materials for the metal bushing is selected to ensure good adhesion between the separating ring and the metal bushing. Furthermore, by the push-fit of the three-part structure onto the central disc 60.2 and the push-fit of the outer annular disc 60.1, the separating ring 62 is placed under a compressive load and the secondary Provision can therefore be made that separation of the separating ring from the metal bushing can be reliably prevented.

During the production of the three-part structure, the inner metal ring 64 is assembled concentrically to the outer metal ring 63 and the resulting gap is filled with the material for the separating ring, in which case this material can be injected, pressed or otherwise loaded. When using rubber, care is taken to ensure that the separating ring is firmly connected to the metal bushing by the vulcanization process.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an exhaust turbine supercharger incorporating a preferred embodiment of the compressor according to the present invention; FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the rear wall of the compressor shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of still another embodiment of the rear wall of the compressor shown in FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of the separation wall of the rear wall, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a reduced cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention. 18... Compressor housing; 20, 30, 4
0, 50, 60...Housing rear wall; 20.1,
30.1, 40.1, 50.2, 60.2...Central disk; 20.2, 30.2, 40.2, 50.
1,60.1...Outer annular disc; 22,42,5
2, 62... Separation ring; 30.3... Intermediate annular disc; 43... Protrusion; 53, 63, 64... Metal bushing.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A compressor housing 18 including a rear wall surrounding the compressor impeller and secured to the stator housing 10;
However, in a compressor for an exhaust gas turbine supercharger in which a drive shaft 11 is rotatably attached to a compressor impeller, the rear wall 2 of the compressor housing 13 is
0, 30, 40, 50, 60 containing an opening through which said drive shaft 11 is received;
0.1, 50.2, 60.2 and the central disk 20.1, 30.1, 40.1,
at least one outer annular disc 2 coplanar with and arranged around 50.2, 60.2;
0.2, 30.2, 40.2, 50.1, 60.
1 and the central disk 20.1, 30.1, 40.1,
50.2, 60.2 and said at least one outer annular disk 20.2, 30.2, 40.2, 50.
1, 60.1 and interconnecting elastic separating rings 22, 3;
3, 42, 52, and 62. 2 said elastic separation ring 32 has a second elastic separation ring 33 coaxially and radially spaced therefrom, the elastic separation rings 32, 33 having a space between them; 2. A compressor according to claim 1, wherein the compressors are integrally connected to each other by an intermediate annular disc (30.3) arranged in the same plane as the above. 3 The elastic separation ring 22, 42, 52, 6
2 is the central disk 20.1, 40.1, 50.
2. A compressor according to claim 1, comprising flat annular band members 22, 42, 52, 62 fitted between 2, 60.2. 4 The flat annular band member 42 is connected to the drive shaft 1
1, said central disc 40.1 and said outer annular disc 40.2 each including a recess for receiving said projections 43. A compressor according to claim 3. 5 the elastic separation ring 52 has an external part thereof;
A coaxial annular metal bushing 53 is joined in the same plane, and the metal bushing 53
A compressor according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is fixed to the outer annular disc 50.1. 6. The elastic separating ring 62 has annular metal bushings 64 and 63 coaxial therewith joined to the inside and outside thereof, respectively, in the same plane, and the internal annular metal bushing 64 and the external annular metal bushing 63 are respectively the central disks 6
0.2 and the compressor according to claim 1, which is fixed to the outer annular disk 60.1. 7 The elastic separation ring 22, 32, 52, 6
2. A compressor according to claim 1, wherein the compressor comprises a heat-resistant elastomeric material. 8 said elastic separation ring 22, 32, 52, 6
2. A compressor according to claim 1, wherein the compressor 2 is made of plastic material. 9. The compressor of claim 2, wherein said second elastic isolation ring 33 is comprised of a heat resistant elastomer material. 10. A compressor according to claim 2, wherein said second elastic isolation ring 33 consists of a plastic material.