JPH0131410Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field The present invention relates to an improvement of a tool arbor attachment/detachment device for a general-purpose milling machine that can automatically position, replace, and attach/detach the cutting tool to the spindle head. be.

Prior Art Conventional general-purpose milling machines use cutting tools such as various milling cutters and end mills to process workpieces, but have not been equipped with a device for automatically attaching and detaching the plurality of cutting tools.

In addition, conventional NC milling machines are known to be equipped with a tool magazine for holding the cutting tools, a swing arm for changing the cutting tools, a cutting tool holder clamp device, etc. in order to exchange multiple cutting tools.

Problems that the invention aims to solve The aforementioned general-purpose milling machine requires various cutting tools such as flat milling cutters, side milling cutters, and end mills depending on the shape of the workpiece to be machined, but since there is no automatic attachment and detachment device for the cutting tools, Since the attachment/detachment of the cutting tool is done manually by the operator, it takes a lot of time to replace the cutting tool, resulting in inefficient work.

In addition, conventional NC milling machines are equipped with various devices to automatically replace the cutting tools mentioned above, allowing for efficient machining.
The machine is expensive, requires a large amount of money to be equipped with an automatic attachment/detachment device for the cutter arbor like the NC milling cutter, and has the disadvantage of requiring extensive modification. In view of the current state of the conventional structure mentioned above, the present invention has the following features:
In order to be able to automatically replace multiple cutting tools, cutting tools can be attached and removed efficiently using a simple device that does not require modifying the structure of existing equipment and machinery, and simply by adding the device to the table. It is a thing,
This device was devised for the purpose of providing a cutting tool arbor attachment/detachment device for a general-purpose milling machine that can be attached and detached manually as with conventional structures, improving work efficiency and being inexpensive. It is.

Means for Solving the Problems As described in the claims of the utility model registration, the present invention provides a clamping device having a clamp gear that meshes with a clamp nut of a main spindle head of a general-purpose milling machine. The clamp gear is arranged so as to be movable between two positions, an engaged position and a non-engaged position, and on the other hand, a tool rest having a plurality of cutting tool arbor holding parts is placed on the table at a position directly below the spindle of the spindle head. and a standby position, and the tool rest is provided with a lifting device that raises the cutting tool arbor holding portion toward the main shaft directly below the main shaft,
In the raised position of the cutting tool arbor holding part, the cutting tool arbor is positioned within the main spindle, and the clamping device is assembled so as to be guided to the above-mentioned engagement position. By using the low speed portion of the main shaft rotation of the existing milling machine, the tip of the main spindle is You can use the notch groove to position the cutter arbor required for attachment and detachment.In addition, you can take out the required cutter arbor from the tool holder that holds multiple cutter arbor, and place the cutter arbor against the clamp nut of the main shaft. It satisfies all the functions necessary for an automatic attachment/detachment device that holds multiple cutters, such as the lifting and lowering operation for pulling out and the clamping and unclamping operations of the cutter arbor, and can be used with existing machines using the minimum mechanism and control method. This device is an inexpensive device that does not require mechanical modification, has good workability, and can automatically attach and detach the cutting tool.Moreover, it can use conventional cutting tools, and the device can easily attach and detach the cutting tool by hand as before. That is.

Embodiment and its operation FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing the overall configuration of the embodiment, showing the main components of a general-purpose rigid milling machine. The spindle head 1 is fixed to a frame (not shown), the knee (not shown) ascends and descends in the vertical direction shown by the arrow Z toward the spindle head 1, and the table 2 moves left and right as shown by the arrow X. The saddle (not shown) is movable in the front-rear direction as indicated by arrow Y, and its positioning is determined by the three axes of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis as described above. .

The center line (O-O) of the spindle 4 of the spindle head 1 shown in FIG. A cylinder 7 for positioning the main shaft is disposed on the left side by a bracket 17, and the cylinder 7 is connected to the air pressure circuit shown in FIG. The rod 8 is disposed so as to protrude toward the center, and is formed in a shape and dimensioned to fit into a notch 10 shown by a dotted line.By fitting the rod 8 into the notch 10, the main shaft 4 is positioned, and the clamp The cutting tool arbor 5A,
5B is inserted in a fixed position. A tooth surface is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the clamp nut 6 inserted into the main shaft 4, and is shaped to mesh with a clamp gear 12 of a clamp device 15 fixed to the main shaft head 1. The axial center of the clamp nut 6 coincides with the center line (O-O) of the main shaft 4, and the inner diameter toward the center line (O-O) is machined with a tapered hole so that the cutting tool arbors 5A and 5B can be inserted therein. As shown in FIG. 3, two notches 52 are arranged toward the center (O), and the protrusions 51 of the cutting tool arbors 5A and 5B shown in FIG. 2 are fitted into the cutouts 52. .

The clamping device 15 shown in FIG.
It is suspended and fixed in a position parallel to the top surface and orthogonal to the center line (O-O) of the main shaft 4. An air rotary cylinder 16 is disposed on the top surface of the right end of the clamp box 11. A drive gear 13, an idler gear 14, and a clamp gear 12 shown by dotted lines are arranged so as to be pivotally supported by the clamp box 11, and the drive gear 13 is connected to an air rotary cylinder 16, as shown in FIG. As shown in the - line cross-sectional view shown in FIG. When the clamp gear 12 is rotated, the gear group
rotates the clamp nut 6 at the engagement position with the clamp nut 6, and the cutter arbor 5A, 5B
The air rotary cylinder 16 is arranged to be clamped or unclamped, and the speed of the air rotary cylinder 16 can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the circuit of the air equipment shown in FIG. 4, which is connected to the air rotary cylinder 16. It is arranged so that it can be done. The clamp gear 12 also includes a pin 20 with a spring 19 interposed therein, which is shown by a dotted line in FIG.
The lower end of the pin 20 projects downward from the lower surface of the clamp box 11,
When the pin 20 is pushed up by the rise of the cutter arbor holders 22A and 22B, which are moved to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line, the pin 20 is fixed to the pin 20. The clamp gear 12, which has been opened, is engaged with the clamp nut 6 in the raised position. Cutting tool arbor holder 2
When lowering 2A and 22B, the spring 1
The pin 20 is pushed down by the elasticity of 9,
The clamp gear 12 is disengaged from the clamp nut 6. The cutting tool arbors 5A and 5B are clamped and unclamped by the above-mentioned operations, and are formed so that the workpiece can be cut at the detached position.

The tool stand 21 on which the tool arbor holders 22A, 22B and the lifting device 23 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are arranged can be placed at both left and right ends of the table 2, and What is shown in the figure shows a tool rest 21 arranged at the right end of the table 2, and the tool rest 21 is attached to the table 2 by a bed 25 to which a horizontally positioned guide rail 24 is attached. Brackets 26 and 27 are fixed to both ends of the upper surface of the bed 25 to hold the cutter arbor holding portion 22.
A rodless cylinder 28 is supported to move A, 22B and the lifting device 23 in the left-right direction shown by the arrow X, and pins 53 and 54 serve as stoppers at both ends. Further, a slide base 29 is disposed on the upper surface of the guide rail 24 of the bed 25 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction, and on the left side of the upper surface of the slide base 29, cutter arbor holding parts 22A and 22B are indicated by arrows. At least one set of stands 31 to which a guide block 30 is fixed so as to be able to rise and fall in the vertical direction shown by Z is provided, and the cutter arbor holding parts 22A, 22B
Two sets of cutter arbor receivers 33 having a step portion 32 bent into a substantially inverted L shape, which is a component part of
As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, on the upper surfaces of A and 33B, there are cutter arbors 5A and 5B which are integrally formed and fitted onto discs 34A and 34B for positioning the cutter arbors 5A and 5B, respectively. The disks 34A and 34B are provided with three positioning holes 35A and 35B,
On the other hand, on the upper surface of the cutting tool arbor holder 33A, 33B,
Locating pins 37A, 37B are disposed at three locations to engage with the holes 35A, 35B, respectively, with springs 38 interposed therebetween.
Reference numeral 8 is provided for close contact and buffering of the cutting tool arbor 5A, 5B when the cutting tool arbor 5A, 5B is in the raised position and abuts and is inserted into the clamp nut 6. Push rollers 36A, 36B are protruded from the stepped portions 32 of the cutter arbor holders 33A, 33B shown in FIGS. When the cutter arbor holding parts 22A and 22B rise at the position directly below the clamp nut 6, the pin 20 of the clamp device 15 is pushed up by the push rollers 36A and 36B, and the clamp gear 12 is It is arranged so that it is engaged with the clamp nut 6 and the cutting tool arbors 5A, 5B are clamped or unclamped.

Rack B39A, 39B is disposed outside the vertical portion of the cutter arbor receiver 33A, 33B,
A slide rail 40 is disposed inside so that it engages with the guide block 30 and allows the cutter arbor receivers 33A, 33B to slide in the vertical direction, and a pinion 41A of the lifting device 23 that engages with the racks B39A, 39B. , 41B, the aforementioned cutting tool arbor holding parts 22A, 22B move in the direction shown by arrow Z.
It is formed so that it can be raised and lowered.

Further, a lifting device 23 is disposed on the right side of the upper surface of the slide base 29 shown in FIG. 1, and the racks A42A and 42B shown in FIGS. It is slidable in the vertical direction and meshes with pinions 43A and 43B, both of which are pivotally supported by a bearing block 44, and the racks A42A and 42B are interlocked with the lifting and lowering of a knee (not shown) in the Z-axis direction. As the table 2 moves up and down, the racks A42A and 42B are raised and lowered in the vertical direction by a conventional retorfit mechanism, and when the pinions 43A and 43B are rotated, the above-mentioned The cutting tool arbor holding parts 22A and 22B are formed to be raised and lowered in the vertical direction shown by arrow Z. Note that the gear ratio of the racks A42A, 42B and the pinions 43A, 43B is configured such that the rising speed of the cutting tool arbor holding parts 22A, 22B is twice the speed of the table 2 in the arrow Z direction. The strokes of the cutting tool arbor holding parts 22A and 22B in the direction of arrow Z are added together,
The stroke of the table 2 is increased three times.

Therefore, the tool rest 21 is attached to the main shaft 4 shown by the two-dot chain line.
When the rack A42A or rack A42B rises in accordance with the rising movement of the table 2 and comes into contact with the point 51 on the lower surface of the clamp box 11 fixed to the spindle head 1, , the racks A42A, 42B are pushed down, the engaged pinions 43A, 43B are rotated, and the stroke of the aforementioned cutting tool arbor 5A or cutting tool arbor 5B is amplified to three times,
It is formed to be easily inserted into the clamp nut 6.

FIG. 4 shows an overview of the pneumatic equipment and pneumatic circuit that operate the positioning cylinder 7, clamp device 15, and tool rest 21 of the main shaft. When the main shaft positioning cylinder 7 is operated to the right by switching the valve 46, the rod 8 protrudes toward the hole 10 of the main shaft 6 to perform positioning, as shown in FIG. When operated in the direction, the rod 8 moves into the hole 10 of the main shaft 6.
The rodless cylinder 2 is arranged to be detachable from the tool base 21 and is directly connected to the tool rest 21.
The air pressure circuit 8 includes an electromagnetic switching valve 47 and a throttle valve 4.
8 is disposed, and the rodless cylinder 28 moves in the left-right direction by switching the electromagnetic switching valve 47, and the tool rest 21 is moved between the standby position indicated by the solid line and the standby position indicated by the two-dot chain line as shown in FIG. The main shaft 4 is moved between two positions directly below the main shaft 4, and the moving speed is adjusted by a throttle valve 48 as necessary. is electromagnetic switching valve 4
9 and a pressure regulating valve 50 are provided, and the air rotary cylinder 16 is operated by operating the electromagnetic switching valve 49.
The clamp gear 12 shown in FIG. 1 is arranged to clamp or unclamp the cutting tool arbor 5A or 5B at the position where it engages with the clamp nut 6 by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise. The air pressure circuits are arranged so as to be branched from the air source.

Operation The operation of the embodiment described above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

In FIG. 1, when a command to attach or detach the cutting tool is given, a knee (not shown) descends in the vertical direction indicated by arrow Z, and then the entire device operates in accordance with the sequence of the operation diagram shown in FIG. 5. First, in step A, for example, when the cutting tool arbor 5A is selected, the conventional retrofit function moves the saddle 3 in the front and back direction shown by arrow Y, positioning it in the Y-axis direction, and also moves it in the left-right direction shown by arrow X. The table 2 moves, and in step B, the tool rest 21 moves forward in the X-axis direction by the action of the rodless cylinder 28 shown in FIG. match, and the cutting tool arbor 5A is positioned directly below the main shaft 4 shown by the two-dot chain line. Next, in order to position the main shaft 4,
is set to rotate at a low speed, and the rod 8 is projected toward the main shaft 4 by the operation of the air pressure circuit of the positioning cylinder 7 shown in FIG. 4, and is fitted into the notch 10, thereby determining the position of the main shaft 4.

Next, in step C, as the knee rises in the Z-axis direction, the rack A42A of the lifting device 23 shown in FIG.
comes into contact with the point 51 of the clamping device 15 and is pushed downward. The pinion 43A meshed with the rack A42A rotates, and the rack B3 on the same axis rotates.
9A causes the cutter arbor receiver 33A to rise, and due to the gear ratio between the pinion 43A and the rack B39A, the upward stroke is amplified three times compared to the stroke in the Z-axis direction of the knee (not shown), so the inner diameter of the main shaft 4 The spring 38 of the positioning pin 37A acts to allow the cutting tool arbor 5A to be inserted, and the spring 38 of the positioning pin 37A acts to bring the cutting tool arbor 5A into close contact with the main shaft 4 and to buffer the impact caused by the contact.

At this time, in the clamping or unclamping action, the push roller 36 pushes up the pin 20 of the clamp device 15 as the cutter arbor receiver 33A rises, and when the clamp gear 12 engages with the clamp nut 6, the rotary cylinder 16 moves to the fourth position. It rotates due to the operation of the air pressure circuit shown in the figure.
The clamp nut 6 is clamped by the clamp gear 12. Furthermore, when the rotor cylinder 16 rotates in the opposite direction when unclamping, the clamp nut 6 acts to unclamp.
Next, in step E, after the clamping is completed, the knee descends in the Z-axis direction and the push roller 36A moves the pin 2.
0, the clamp gear 12 is returned downward by the spring 19 interposed in the pin 20, disengages from the clamp nut 6, and the main shaft 4 becomes freely rotatable, and the tool rest 21 is rotated as shown in FIG. It is moved back by the air pressure circuit shown in , and returns to the original standby position, and processing of the workpiece on the table 2 is started.

Next, when machining of the workpiece is completed, the cutting tool arbor 5A is returned to the original cutting tool arbor receiver 33A by the cycle operation from step A to step F again.

Effects of the present invention The present invention has the structure and function described above, and does not require high production costs like the automatic tool changer in conventional NC milling machines. The setup time for cutting tools is significantly reduced by using an inexpensive automatic tool attachment/detachment device with a minimal mechanism that allows arbor positioning, automatic attachment/detachment, and the ability to hold multiple cutting tool arbors, with a structure that can be easily assembled to a table, etc. This saves labor by allowing workers to become familiar with the machine, which has the effect of improving productivity per hour, and improves safety by eliminating the need for manual tool replacement. In addition, even in the event of a mechanical or electrical problem, the machine can be operated at any time because the cutter can be attached or removed manually.Furthermore, conventional cutter changing devices required a variety of specialized arbor types, but this device does not currently have one. arbor can be used, and the cost of cutting tools can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the tool rest shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a - line of the clamping device shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view, FIG. 4 is a pressure circuit diagram of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing the operating sequence of the device shown in FIG. 1. 1: Spindle head, 2: Table, 4: Spindle, 5A,
5B: Cutting tool arbor, 6: Clamp nut, 1
2: Clamp gear, 15: Clamp device, 2
1: Tool rest, 22: Tool arbor holding part, 23:
Lifting device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A clamp device having a clamp gear that meshes with the clamp nut on the spindle head of a general-purpose milling machine is arranged so as to be movable between two positions, an engaged position and a non-engaged position of the clamp gear. A tool rest having a plurality of tool arbor holding parts is arranged on the table so as to be movable between two positions, a position directly below the spindle of the spindle head and a standby position. A lifting device is attached to raise the cutting tool arbor holding portion toward the main shaft, and in the raised position of the cutting tool arbor holding portion, the cutting tool arbor is positioned within the main shaft, and the clamping device is assembled so as to be guided to the engaging position. A cutting tool arbor attachment/detachment device for general-purpose milling machines.