JPH01312396A - Heat accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance heat-exchanging efficiency by transferring a multiplicity of capsules filled with a heat-accumulating material from a first container to a heat- releasing part, causing the capsules there to release thermal energy to an external heat-transmitting medium, and housing the capsules into a second container. CONSTITUTION:A heat accumulator 1 uses capsules filled with a heat-accumulating material, the capsules being, for example, spherical. A multiplicity of the capsules contained in a first container 2 are fed out of the container 2 to a heat-releasing part 4 while being regulated in quantity by a regulator 5, and release thermal energy to a heat-transmitting medium at the part 5. The heat-transmitting medium having had a low temperature deprives the heat-releasing part 4 of heat, thereby being heated to a predetermined temperature, and is sent out to be utilized. The capsules having released the thermal energy are contained into a second container. The heat- accumulating material, which is enclosed in the capsules, can be moved without adhering to wall surfaces of the heat-releasing part even upon solidification thereof through the release of heat. It is therefore possible to recover latent heat at a high rate, and to speedily take off a large quantity of heat by optimizing the quantity of the heat- transmitting medium and the quantity of the capsules fed out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a heat storage device used in the field of storing thermal energy in a heat storage material and utilizing the stored energy for space heating and hot water supply as needed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Heat storage devices using latent heat storage materials have been used in the heat supply and heating fields because of their advantages such as a large amount of heat storage per unit weight and the ability to output at a constant temperature.

Problems that the invention aims to solve However, there are the following problems in actual use.

In other words, inorganic salts, organic substances, or paraffin are used as heat storage materials that utilize latent heat, but in all cases, heat at a constant temperature cannot be extracted in a short period of time due to poor heat transfer in the solid phase. . In other words, in the molten state, the temperature in the heat storage material is almost uniform due to convection, but once it begins to solidify, the temperature of the heat storage material near the heat exchanger drops rapidly due to poor heat transfer in the solid. . This means that the rate at which heat is taken from the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger is faster than the rate at which heat is transferred from the heat storage material in the area away from the heat transfer surface, and if no heat is transferred, it is near the heat transfer surface. This is because heat can only be supplied by the drop in temperature of the heat storage material. That is, in the close vicinity of the heat transfer surface, the heat storage material releases its latent heat and solidifies.

When solidified, the thermal conductivity is poor, so it is difficult to transfer the heat of the molten heat storage material near the solidified heat storage material to the heat transfer surface. Therefore, the heat storage material is in a solid phase near the heat transfer surface, and remains in a liquid phase a little further away. It took a long time to utilize the latent heat of the liquid phase. In actual use, various efforts have been made to prevent the above phenomenon from occurring, but no simple and practical method for efficiently extracting a large amount of heat has yet to be found.

The present invention solves the above problems, and aims to provide a heat storage device that improves heat exchange efficiency and can extract heat at a constant temperature.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the heat storage device of the present invention houses a capsule containing a heat storage material and a large number of the capsules,
and a first container capable of transporting these capsules to the outside, a second container that stores the capsules transported from the first container, and a container provided between the first container and the second container. The structure includes a heat dissipation section.

Effect With the above configuration, a large number of capsules stored in the first container are gradually taken out from the exit of the first container and transferred to the heat radiating section, where they come into direct or indirect contact with the external heat medium. It releases that thermal energy. The capsule that has released the thermal energy moves to the second container and is stored in the second container.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, a heat storage device according to an example of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat storage device showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, this heat storage device 1 stores a large number of, for example, spherical capsules (not shown) in which heat storage material is sealed, and these capsules are transported outside. A container 2 of A1, a second container 3 that stores the capsules carried out from the first container 2, and a device provided between the first container 2 and the second container 3 to extract heat from the capsules. a heat dissipation section 4 for adjusting the amount of movement of the capsule, an adjustment device 5 provided between the heat dissipation section 4 and the first container 2 for adjusting the amount of movement of the capsule, and a heat medium ( In this embodiment, the fan 6 is configured to transport air (in this embodiment) to the heat radiating section 4.

Each component will be explained in detail below. The capsule containing the latent heat storage material is subject to dimensional restrictions in order to sufficiently extract the latent heat of the heat storage material. That is, the dimensions of the capsule are
It is determined by the relationship between the amount of capsule carried out, the residence time of the capsule in the heat radiating section 4, and the quality and quantity of the heat medium. Generally, the diameter of the capsule is preferably 5 tIl or 1 mi or more, because if the diameter is 5 ni or more, the latent heat of the heat storage material cannot be taken out sufficiently, and if it is 111 or less, the heat storage material enclosed in the capsule will not be able to be suspended. Compared to this, the proportion of skin material is larger,
This is because the suspension of the heat storage material in the entire capsule container is reduced. The first container 2 accommodates a capsule in which heat is stored, so its periphery is insulated with a heat insulating material. The second container 3 stores the capsule after heat has been radiated, so a heat insulating material is not necessarily required. Heat can be easily taken out in the heat dissipation part 4,
In addition, since it is necessary to guide the capsule to move reliably to the second container 3, the capsule is surrounded by a material with good thermal conductivity or a wire mesh having openings smaller than the diameter of the capsule. In particular, when the capsule is surrounded by a wire mesh, the heat medium sent by the fan 6 directly contacts the capsule, resulting in a direct heat exchange, compared to an indirect heat exchange when the capsule is surrounded by a heat conductive warped metal. Improves heat exchange efficiency. As a method for moving the capsule, when the positional relationship between the first container 2 and the second container 3 is vertical, natural falling is used. If the diameter of the capsule is relatively small and the wall surface of the heat dissipation part 4 is made of wire mesh, it may be dropped directly from the first container 2 to the second container 3. However, if the diameter of the capsule is relatively large, In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, by arranging a plurality of baffle plates 7 at an angle and alternately inside the heat dissipation part 4 and changing the inclination angle of the baffle plates 7, the heat dissipation part 4 of the capsule can be adjusted. Adjust residence time. When the positional relationship between the first container 2 and the second container 3 is horizontal, a belt is provided inside the heat radiation part 4,
This belt is driven by a motor to move the capsules on the belt. The regulating device 5 controls the amount of the capsule to be discharged 60 so that the heat medium can obtain the necessary temperature, and - numerically, the temperature of the heat medium to be finally obtained, before passing through the heat radiation part 4. The amount of heat transfer is determined by the temperature of the heat medium and the amount of heat transfer through. Is the heat storage in the heat storage material added to the first container 2? , a device may be provided, or the capsule that has released heat may be taken out from the second container 3, heated and stored in a place other than this device, and then stored in the first container 2 again.

With the above configuration, a large number of capsules stored in the first container 2 are carried out from the first container 2 and transferred to the heat radiating part 4 while the amount thereof is adjusted by the regulating device 5, and the capsules are transferred to the heat radiating part 4. When it comes into contact with the medium, air, it releases its thermal energy. As a result, the relatively low-temperature air absorbs heat from the heat radiating section 4, reaches a predetermined temperature, and is sent out for use. The capsule, which has released thermal energy, moves to the second container and is stored there. Since the heat storage material is encapsulated in the capsule in this way, even if it releases heat and solidifies, it can be moved without adhering to the wall surface of the heat radiating section 4. Therefore, thermal energy can be extracted efficiently, so that heat at a constant temperature can be obtained.

Note that when the heat medium is a liquid such as water, the heat medium may be brought into direct contact with the heat radiation section 4.

Advantageous Effects As described above, the heat storage device of the present invention provides the following effects.

(1) Since the latent heat storage material is enclosed in a small capsule, the surface area is large relative to the volume of the heat storage material.Also, since the capsule is carried out little by little to the heat radiating section, heat can be released evenly. can. Therefore, heat exchange efficiency is good, a high latent heat recovery rate can be obtained, and a large amount of heat can be extracted in a short time by optimizing the heat medium and the amount of capsule discharge.

(2) The temperature of the heat medium can be adjusted arbitrarily by controlling the amount of capsules to be carried out.

(3) Since the heat storage material is formed of an aggregate of capsules, it has good fluidity and is easy to move.

(4) Since the heat storage material is enclosed in a capsule, even if it emits heat and solidifies, it can be easily moved in the storage container without adhering to the wall surface of the radiator.

(5) Since the heat storage material is encapsulated in capsules, even if the capsules gather after heat dissipation, their individual shapes are maintained and they do not form into large clumps. That is, it is easy to handle.

(6) Since the heat storage material is formed of an aggregate of capsules, its shape is amorphous and there is a large degree of freedom in design.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram of a heat storage device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a heat radiating section of the heat storage device. 1... Heat storage device, 2... First container, 3... Second
container, 4... heat radiation section, 5... adjustment device. Agent Yoshihiro Moriki 2nd figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A capsule containing a heat storage material, a first container that stores a large number of the capsules and can transport these capsules to the outside, and a second container that stores the capsules taken out from the first container. A heat storage device including a container and a heat radiation section provided between a first container and a second container.