JPH01304668A - Phosphoric acid type fuel cell power generating plant - Google Patents
Phosphoric acid type fuel cell power generating plantInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01304668A JPH01304668A JP63132816A JP13281688A JPH01304668A JP H01304668 A JPH01304668 A JP H01304668A JP 63132816 A JP63132816 A JP 63132816A JP 13281688 A JP13281688 A JP 13281688A JP H01304668 A JPH01304668 A JP H01304668A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- supply valve
- cathode electrode
- fuel cell
- phosphoric acid
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 50
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 46
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 30
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の目的〕
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は待機状態を改良したリン酸型燃料電池発電プラ
ントに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a phosphoric acid fuel cell power plant with improved standby conditions.
（従来の技術）
従来のリン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの概略構成を第３
図を参照して説明する。(Conventional technology) The schematic configuration of a conventional phosphoric acid fuel cell power plant is shown in the third example.
This will be explained with reference to the figures.
即ち、燃料電池本体１は背面に水素等の燃料を接触させ
たアノード電極２と、背面に酸素等の酸化剤を接触させ
たカソード電極３とを電解質を含浸したマトリックスを
挟んで両側に配置して構成されている。また、アノード
電極２には天然ガス８と水蒸気９との混合ガスが改質装
置１０において水蒸気改質反応により水素リッチガスと
なり供給される。他方、カソード電極３には圧縮空気１
１が供給される。そして、アノード電極２に供給された
水素リッチガスはカソード電極３に供給された圧縮空気
１１と電気化学的に反応して電気、水及び熱となる。さ
らに、アノード電極２を出たガスはアノード出口リン酸
吸着器１２、アノード出口凝縮器１３及び改質器バーナ
１４を介して大気１５に放出される。一方、カソード電
極３を出たガスはカソード出ロリン酸吸着器１６及びカ
ソード出口凝縮器エフを介して大気に放出される。また
、アノード電極２及びカソード電極３内ガスはアノード
リサイクルブロワ１８及びカソードサイクルブロワ１９
により夫々循環される。尚、２０．２１及び２２は夫々
アノードガス供給弁、カソード空気供給弁及び大気遮断
弁である。That is, the fuel cell main body 1 has an anode electrode 2 whose back surface is in contact with a fuel such as hydrogen, and a cathode electrode 3 whose back surface is in contact with an oxidizing agent such as oxygen, which are arranged on both sides with an electrolyte-impregnated matrix in between. It is composed of Further, a mixed gas of natural gas 8 and steam 9 is supplied to the anode electrode 2 as a hydrogen-rich gas through a steam reforming reaction in a reformer 10 . On the other hand, compressed air 1 is supplied to the cathode electrode 3.
1 is supplied. The hydrogen-rich gas supplied to the anode electrode 2 reacts electrochemically with the compressed air 11 supplied to the cathode electrode 3 to become electricity, water, and heat. Furthermore, the gas exiting the anode electrode 2 is discharged into the atmosphere 15 via the anode outlet phosphoric acid adsorber 12, the anode outlet condenser 13, and the reformer burner 14. On the other hand, the gas exiting the cathode electrode 3 is released into the atmosphere via the cathode phosphoric acid adsorber 16 and the cathode exit condenser F. Further, the gas inside the anode electrode 2 and the cathode electrode 3 is transferred to an anode recycle blower 18 and a cathode cycle blower 19.
are circulated respectively. Note that 20, 21 and 22 are an anode gas supply valve, a cathode air supply valve, and an atmosphere cutoff valve, respectively.
ところで、リン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの運転にあた
り、速やかに発電に移行できる待機状態を維持すること
は、発電プラントの高効率運転に大きく依存する。即ち
、運転指令に伴ない所定の起電力を短時間に得ることが
望まれている。そして、待機状態とは１発電状況、電極
２，３間差圧の制御性及び経済も考慮されたもので、電
池としては出力のない状態もしくは極力抑えられた状態
であり、かつ画電極２，３に使用されている。触媒のシ
ンタリングを防止できる起電圧以下に抑えた状態である
。さらに、この待機状態から発電に移行するとき、また
はその逆において、電極２゜３間差圧が生じないことが
好ましい。By the way, when operating a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant, maintaining a standby state that allows a prompt transition to power generation depends largely on the highly efficient operation of the power generation plant. That is, it is desired to obtain a predetermined electromotive force in a short time in accordance with an operation command. The standby state is one in which the power generation situation, controllability of the differential pressure between the electrodes 2 and 3, and economy are taken into consideration.The battery is in a state where there is no output or the output is suppressed as much as possible, and the picture electrode 2, It is used in 3. This is a state in which the electromotive force is kept below the level that prevents sintering of the catalyst. Furthermore, it is preferable that no differential pressure occurs between the electrodes 2 and 3 when transitioning from this standby state to power generation or vice versa.
そして、従来のリン酸型燃料電池発電プラントにおいて
は、アノード電極２へ燃料を供給しカソード電極３へＮ
２ガス等の不活性ガスを供給し続けて待機状態を維持す
る方法を採用している。これにより、発電移行時にカソ
ード電極３へ空気を供給することで速やかにかつ転極に
なく負荷を得ることができるとともに、電極２，３間差
圧を容易に抑えることができる。In the conventional phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant, fuel is supplied to the anode electrode 2 and N is supplied to the cathode electrode 3.
A method is adopted in which the standby state is maintained by continuously supplying an inert gas such as 2 gas. Thereby, by supplying air to the cathode electrode 3 during the transition to power generation, a load can be obtained quickly and without polarity change, and the differential pressure between the electrodes 2 and 3 can be easily suppressed.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
ところで、アノード電極２とカソード電極３間に従来の
プラントの如く水素の濃度勾配が存在すると、水素はマ
トリックス内で拡散してアノード電極２からカソード電
極３へ移動する性質を有する。そして、この水素の拡散
速度は濃度勾配が大きい程速く、不活性ガスの流れがな
い場合には数分でカソード電極３に不活性ガスを供給す
るカソードホールド容積の数％に至る。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, if a hydrogen concentration gradient exists between the anode electrode 2 and the cathode electrode 3 as in conventional plants, hydrogen diffuses within the matrix and moves from the anode electrode 2 to the cathode electrode 3. It has the property of The diffusion rate of this hydrogen increases as the concentration gradient increases, and in the absence of a flow of inert gas, the diffusion rate of hydrogen reaches several percent of the cathode hold volume that supplies inert gas to the cathode electrode 3 in several minutes.
この拡散した水素の対策として、カソード電極３に不活
性ガスを供給し続けることは有効な手段であるけれども
、経済性に不利となる欠点がある。Although it is an effective means to continuously supply an inert gas to the cathode electrode 3 as a countermeasure against the diffused hydrogen, it has the disadvantage of being disadvantageous in terms of economic efficiency.
そこで、不活性ガスをカソードリサイクルブロワ１９に
よって＠環させることにより経済性を高めることが考え
られる。そして、循環する不活性ガスと空気を徐々に置
換することにより、発電への速やかな移行が実現し得る
と考えられる。Therefore, it is conceivable to increase the economical efficiency by circulating the inert gas with the cathode recycle blower 19. It is thought that by gradually replacing the circulating inert gas and air, a rapid transition to power generation can be realized.
しかしながら、同一不活性ガスをカソード電極３内へ長
時間循環させると、アノード電極２から拡散した水素が
不活性ガス内に蓄積される。この現象は電池の総面積が
大きい程顕著となる。そして、拡散した水素が爆発下限
界を超える濃度に至っているカソード電極３（カソード
マニホールド）へ空気を供給すると、ここで爆発する危
険性がある。However, if the same inert gas is circulated into the cathode electrode 3 for a long time, hydrogen diffused from the anode electrode 2 will accumulate in the inert gas. This phenomenon becomes more pronounced as the total area of the battery increases. If air is supplied to the cathode electrode 3 (cathode manifold) where the diffused hydrogen has reached a concentration exceeding the lower explosive limit, there is a risk of an explosion.
本発明は上記問題点を除去するために成されたもので・
好適な待機状態を維持することができるリン酸型燃料電
池発電プラントを提供することを目的とする。The present invention was made to eliminate the above problems.
An object of the present invention is to provide a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant that can maintain a suitable standby state.
（課題を解決するための手段）
上記問題点を除去するために本発明においては、カソー
ド電極入口に接続し待機状態時酸化剤をカソード電極に
供給する酸化剤供給ラインと、この酸化剤供給ラインを
開閉する酸化剤供給弁と、燃料電圧の電池電圧を測定す
る電圧計と、この電圧計に接続し電圧計の出力値に応じ
て酸化剤供給弁の弁開度を制御し待機状態において電池
電圧を所定値に設定する制御装置とを設けている。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to eliminate the above problems, the present invention provides an oxidizing agent supply line that is connected to the cathode electrode inlet and supplies an oxidizing agent to the cathode electrode in a standby state, and this oxidizing agent supply line. An oxidizer supply valve that opens and closes, a voltmeter that measures the battery voltage of the fuel voltage, and a voltmeter that is connected to this voltmeter and controls the opening degree of the oxidizer supply valve according to the output value of the voltmeter. A control device for setting the voltage to a predetermined value is provided.
（作 用）
このように構成することにより、アノード電極からカソ
ード電極に拡散した燃料はカソード電極に供給された酸
化剤との電気化学的反応によりその都度徐々に消費され
、カソード電極内の燃料濃度は爆発下限界を超えること
なく、待機状態から運転状態への移行が確実なリン酸型
燃料電池発電プラントを提供することができる。(Function) With this configuration, the fuel diffused from the anode electrode to the cathode electrode is gradually consumed each time by an electrochemical reaction with the oxidizing agent supplied to the cathode electrode, and the fuel concentration in the cathode electrode is reduced. can provide a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant that can reliably transition from a standby state to an operating state without exceeding the lower explosion limit.
（実 施 例）
以下本発明の一実施例を第１図及び第２図を参照して説
明する。尚、第３図に示す同等部分については同一符号
を付して説明する６つまり、第１図に示す如く燃料電池
本体１はアノード電極２とカソード電極３とをマトリッ
クスを挟んで両側に配置した単位セルを複数個積層して
構成する。そして、アノード電極２には、燃料となる天
然ガス８と水蒸気９との混合ガスを改質装置１０で水蒸
気改質反応により水素リッチガスにして供給する６また
、改質装置１０とアノード電極２間には燃料の制御を行
なうアノードガス供給弁２０を配設する。(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Note that the same parts shown in FIG. 3 will be described with the same reference numerals.6 In other words, as shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell body 1 has an anode electrode 2 and a cathode electrode 3 arranged on both sides with a matrix in between. It is constructed by stacking multiple unit cells. Then, a mixed gas of natural gas 8 and steam 9 as a fuel is supplied to the anode electrode 2 by converting it into hydrogen-rich gas through a steam reforming reaction in a reformer 10 6 Also, between the reformer 10 and the anode electrode 2 An anode gas supply valve 20 for controlling fuel is disposed in the anode gas supply valve 20 .
さらに、アノード電極２のガス出口側にはアノード出口
リン酸吸着器１２、アノード出口凝縮器１３及び改質器
バーナ１４を接続する。そして、改質バーナ１４を出た
ガスは大気遮断弁２０を介して大気１５へ放出する。ま
たアノード電極２内ガスはアノードサイクルブロワ１８
により循環する。Furthermore, an anode outlet phosphoric acid adsorber 12 , an anode outlet condenser 13 , and a reformer burner 14 are connected to the gas outlet side of the anode electrode 2 . The gas exiting the reforming burner 14 is then released to the atmosphere 15 via the atmosphere cutoff valve 20. In addition, the gas inside the anode electrode 2 is supplied to the anode cycle blower 18.
circulates.
さらに、アノード電極２人口には水素供給弁２６を有す
る水素供給ライン２６を接続する。また、水素供給弁２
６はリン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの運転時は閉じてい
る。そして、水素供給ライン２６からは水素リッチガス
が供給される。さらに、アノード電極２出口には水素濃
度検出器２７を接続する。Furthermore, a hydrogen supply line 26 having a hydrogen supply valve 26 is connected to the anode electrode 2 . In addition, hydrogen supply valve 2
6 is closed when the phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant is in operation. Then, hydrogen rich gas is supplied from the hydrogen supply line 26. Furthermore, a hydrogen concentration detector 27 is connected to the anode electrode 2 outlet.
他方、カソード電極３には酸化剤としての圧縮空気１１
をカソード空気供給弁２１を介して供給する６また、カ
ソード電極３のガス出口側にはカソード出ロリン酸吸着
器１６及びカソード出口凝縮器１７を接続する。さらに
、カソード出口凝縮器１７を出たガスは、改質器バーナ
１４と大気遮断弁２２間に導かれされ、燃料ガス側と一
緒に大気１５へ放出される。On the other hand, compressed air 11 as an oxidizing agent is supplied to the cathode electrode 3.
6 is supplied through a cathode air supply valve 21 . Furthermore, a cathode phosphoric acid adsorber 16 and a cathode outlet condenser 17 are connected to the gas outlet side of the cathode electrode 3 . Further, the gas exiting the cathode outlet condenser 17 is led between the reformer burner 14 and the atmosphere cutoff valve 22, and is discharged to the atmosphere 15 together with the fuel gas side.
そして、カソード電極３内ガスはカソードサイクルブロ
ワ１９により循環する。Then, the gas inside the cathode electrode 3 is circulated by a cathode cycle blower 19.
また、カソード電極３人口には空気供給弁２４を有する
空気供給ライン２３を接続する。Further, an air supply line 23 having an air supply valve 24 is connected to the cathode electrode 3 .
そして、第２図に示す如く、燃料電池本体１には電気抵
抗切換装置３０により入切または抵抗値を変える電気抵
抗２９を直列に接続する。また、燃料電池本体１の両出
力端には電池電圧を測定する電圧計３１を接続し、さら
に、この電圧計３１には電圧計３１の出力値に応じて電
気抵抗切換装置３０を制御する制御装置２８を接続する
。しかも、この制御装置２８は第１図に示す空気供給弁
２４の弁開度も制御するとともに、水素供給弁２６の弁
開度も制御する。As shown in FIG. 2, an electrical resistor 29 is connected in series to the fuel cell main body 1 to turn on/off or change the resistance value by an electrical resistance switching device 30. Further, a voltmeter 31 for measuring the battery voltage is connected to both output terminals of the fuel cell main body 1, and a control device for controlling the electrical resistance switching device 30 according to the output value of the voltmeter 31 is connected to the voltmeter 31. Connect device 28. Furthermore, this control device 28 also controls the valve opening degree of the air supply valve 24 shown in FIG. 1, and also controls the valve opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve 26.
次に、本実施例の構成における作用を状態毎に説明する
。Next, the operation of the configuration of this embodiment will be explained for each state.
始めに、リン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの運転状態にお
いては、空気供給弁２４及び水素供給弁２６が閉じてい
る。そして、アノードガス供給弁２０゜カソード空気供
給弁２１及び大気遮断弁２２が開いている。これにより
、アノード電極２には天然ガス８と水蒸気９との混合ガ
スを改質装置１０により改質された水素リッチガス（約
７５％）が燃料として供給される。他方、カソード電極
３には圧縮空気１１がカソード空気供給弁２１を介して
酸化剤として供給される。そして、アノード電極２に供
給された水素リッチガスとカソード電極３に供給された
圧縮空気１１とが反応して、所定の電力が得られる。Initially, in the operating state of the phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant, the air supply valve 24 and the hydrogen supply valve 26 are closed. The anode gas supply valve 20, the cathode air supply valve 21, and the atmosphere cutoff valve 22 are open. As a result, hydrogen-rich gas (approximately 75%) obtained by reforming a mixed gas of natural gas 8 and water vapor 9 by the reformer 10 is supplied to the anode electrode 2 as fuel. On the other hand, compressed air 11 is supplied to the cathode electrode 3 via a cathode air supply valve 21 as an oxidizing agent. Then, the hydrogen-rich gas supplied to the anode electrode 2 and the compressed air 11 supplied to the cathode electrode 3 react, and a predetermined electric power is obtained.
一方、リン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの待機状態におい
ては、７ノードガス供給弁２０が閉じており、カソード
空気供給弁２１もカソード電極３へ不活性ガスを供給し
た後間じている。そして、空気供給弁２４及び水素供給
弁２６が開いている。これにより、アノード電極２には
水素供給ライン２５より水素供給弁２６を介して水素リ
ッチガス（約７５％）が供給される。他方、カソード電
極３には空気供給ライン２３より空気供給弁２４を介し
て空気が供給される。このため、アノード電極２に供給
された水素リッチガスとカソード電極３に供給された空
気とが反応して、僅かな電力を得る。同時に、このとき
の電池電圧は電圧計３１で測定し、この電圧計３１の出
力が制御装置２８に入力される。On the other hand, in the standby state of the phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant, the seven-node gas supply valve 20 is closed, and the cathode air supply valve 21 is also closed after supplying inert gas to the cathode electrode 3. Further, the air supply valve 24 and the hydrogen supply valve 26 are open. As a result, hydrogen-rich gas (approximately 75%) is supplied to the anode electrode 2 from the hydrogen supply line 25 via the hydrogen supply valve 26. On the other hand, air is supplied to the cathode electrode 3 from an air supply line 23 via an air supply valve 24 . Therefore, the hydrogen-rich gas supplied to the anode electrode 2 and the air supplied to the cathode electrode 3 react to obtain a small amount of electric power. At the same time, the battery voltage at this time is measured by a voltmeter 31, and the output of this voltmeter 31 is input to the control device 28.
そして、単位セル当りの電池電圧が例えば０．１ｖ以下
の場合には、制御装置２８の指令により空気供給弁２４
の弁開度を大きくしてカソード電極３内への空気供給量
を増加するとともに、電気抵抗切換装置３０を動作させ
て電気抵抗２９を切るもしくはその抵抗値を減少させる
。これにより電池電圧を上昇させることができる。尚、
単位セル当りの電池電圧がほぼ０．１ｖ以下の場合、触
媒の活性化を維持することができないことや逆起電力（
転極）が発生する等の問題がある。When the battery voltage per unit cell is, for example, 0.1 V or less, the air supply valve 24 is
The opening degree of the valve is increased to increase the amount of air supplied into the cathode electrode 3, and the electrical resistance switching device 30 is operated to cut the electrical resistance 29 or reduce its resistance value. This allows the battery voltage to be increased. still,
If the battery voltage per unit cell is approximately 0.1 V or less, it may be impossible to maintain activation of the catalyst or the back electromotive force (
There are problems such as polarity reversal).
また、単位セル当りの電池電圧が例えば０．８ｖ以上の
場合には、制御装置２８の指令により空気供給弁２４の
弁開度を小さくしてカソード電極３内への空気供給量を
減少させるとともに、電気抵抗切換装置３０を動作させ
て電気抵抗２９の抵抗値を増加させるにれにより、電池
電圧を低下させることができる。尚、単位セル当りの電
池電圧がほぼ０．８ｖ以上の場合、触媒の劣化が進行す
る等の問題がある。Further, when the battery voltage per unit cell is, for example, 0.8 V or more, the valve opening degree of the air supply valve 24 is reduced by a command from the control device 28 to reduce the amount of air supplied into the cathode electrode 3. By operating the electric resistance switching device 30 and increasing the resistance value of the electric resistance 29, the battery voltage can be lowered. It should be noted that if the battery voltage per unit cell is approximately 0.8 V or more, there are problems such as accelerated deterioration of the catalyst.
この動作を繰返すことにより、単位セル当りの電池電圧
は０．１Ｖ乃至０．８ｖに維持される。そして、好条件
としては単位セル当りの電池電圧が０．４ｖ乃至０．６
ｖに設定されることである。By repeating this operation, the battery voltage per unit cell is maintained at 0.1V to 0.8V. And, as a good condition, the battery voltage per unit cell is 0.4V to 0.6V.
v.
さらに、リン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの起動時及び停
止後においては、待機状態とほぼ同様であるが、相違点
はアノード電極３内に供給される水素濃度を約２０％乃
至３０％にすることである。この水素濃度の設定は、ア
ノード電極２出口に設けた水素濃度検出器２７にてここ
での水素濃度を測定し、この水素濃度検出器２７の出力
を制御装置２８に入力し、この制御装置２８の指令によ
り水素供給弁２６の弁開度を調整することにより行なう
。Furthermore, when starting up and after stopping the phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant, it is almost the same as the standby state, but the difference is that the hydrogen concentration supplied to the anode electrode 3 is approximately 20% to 30%. It is. This hydrogen concentration is set by measuring the hydrogen concentration with a hydrogen concentration detector 27 provided at the outlet of the anode electrode 2, inputting the output of this hydrogen concentration detector 27 to the control device 28, and This is done by adjusting the valve opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve 26 in accordance with the command.
また、リン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの待機状態、起動
時及び停止時においてアノードリサイクルブロワ１８及
びカソードリサイクルブロワ１９は適宜運転すればよい
。Further, the anode recycle blower 18 and the cathode recycle blower 19 may be operated as appropriate during the standby state, startup, and shutdown of the phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant.
本実施例においては、リン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの
待機状態において、カソード電極３に不活性ガスととも
に空気を供給している。このため。In this embodiment, air is supplied to the cathode electrode 3 together with an inert gas when the phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant is in a standby state. For this reason.
アノード電極２に約７５％の水素リッチガスを供給し、
この水素がアノード電極２からカソード電極３に拡散し
ても、この拡散した水素はカソード電極３に供給された
空気との電気化学的反応によりその都度徐々に消費され
る。よって、カソード電極３内の水素濃度は爆発下限界
を超えることがなく、待機状態から運転状態へ移行時に
燃料電池本体１が爆発する危険性が除去される。また、
水素と空気との電気化学的反応により電池電圧が得られ
るけれども、この電池電圧が低すぎると触媒の活性化を
維持できず転極の心配があり、電池電圧が高すぎると触
媒のシンタリングが進行する。そして、電池電圧は空気
供給量の増減に応じて増減する。そこで、カソード電極
３への空気供給量は単位セル当りの電池電圧が０．１ｖ
乃至０．８ｖとなるように設定している。Supplying about 75% hydrogen rich gas to the anode electrode 2,
Even if this hydrogen diffuses from the anode electrode 2 to the cathode electrode 3, this diffused hydrogen is gradually consumed each time by an electrochemical reaction with the air supplied to the cathode electrode 3. Therefore, the hydrogen concentration in the cathode electrode 3 does not exceed the lower explosive limit, and the risk of the fuel cell body 1 exploding when transitioning from the standby state to the operating state is eliminated. Also,
Battery voltage is obtained through the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and air, but if this battery voltage is too low, the activation of the catalyst cannot be maintained and there is a risk of polarity reversal, while if the battery voltage is too high, the catalyst may sinter. proceed. Then, the battery voltage increases or decreases in accordance with the increase or decrease in the amount of air supplied. Therefore, the amount of air supplied to the cathode electrode 3 is such that the battery voltage per unit cell is 0.1V.
The voltage is set to between 0.8v and 0.8v.
さらに、単位セル当りの電池電圧を所定値に維持するた
めに、水素の拡散量が推定できる。従って、電池電圧の
制御状態を監視することにより、燃料電池本体１のクロ
スオーバーの有無及びその量を診断することができる。Furthermore, in order to maintain the battery voltage per unit cell at a predetermined value, the amount of hydrogen diffusion can be estimated. Therefore, by monitoring the control state of the battery voltage, it is possible to diagnose the presence or absence of crossover in the fuel cell main body 1 and its amount.
その上、電池電圧の調整は、カソード電極３への空気供
給量の増減のみならず電気抵抗２９の抵抗値の増減によ
り行っているので、容易でかつ信頼性の高い電池電圧調
整が可能となる。Furthermore, since the battery voltage is adjusted not only by increasing or decreasing the amount of air supplied to the cathode electrode 3 but also by increasing or decreasing the resistance value of the electrical resistor 29, easy and reliable battery voltage adjustment is possible. .
以上説明したように本発明においては、待機状態時にカ
ソード電極に酸化剤を供給するので、アノード電極から
カソード電極に拡散する燃料をその都度徐々に消費させ
ることができ、カソード電極内燃料濃度の過上昇を防止
することができるので、安全な待機状態を維持できるリ
ン酸型燃料電池発電プラントを提供することができる。As explained above, in the present invention, since the oxidizing agent is supplied to the cathode electrode during the standby state, the fuel that diffuses from the anode electrode to the cathode electrode can be gradually consumed each time, and the fuel concentration in the cathode electrode can be increased. Since the rise can be prevented, it is possible to provide a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant that can maintain a safe standby state.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示すリン酸型燃料電池発電
プラントの概略構成図、第２図は第１図に示す燃料電池
本体の電圧を測定及び調整する装置の概略構成図、第３
図は従来のリン酸型燃料電池発電プラントの概略構成図
である。
１・・・燃料電池本体、 ２・・・アノード電極、
３・・・カソード電極、 ８・・・天然ガス。
９・・・水蒸気、 １０・・・改質装置。
１１・・・圧縮空気、
１２・・・アノード出口リン酸吸着器、１３・・・アノ
ード出口凝縮器、
１４・・・改質器バーナ、 １５・・・大気、１６・
・・カソード出ロリン酸吸着器、１７・・・カソード出
口凝縮器、
１８・・・アノードリサイクルブロワ。
１９・・・カソードリサイクルブロワ、２０・・・アノ
ードガス供給弁、
２１・・・カソード空気供給弁、
２２・・・大気遮断弁、 ２３・・・空気供給ライ
ン。
２４・・・空気供給弁、２５・・・水素供給ライン、２
６・・・水素供給弁、２７・・・水素濃度検出器、２８
・・・制御装置、 ２９・・・電気抵抗、３０・
・・電気抵抗切換装置、 ３１・・・電圧計。
代理人 弁理士 則 近 憲 佑
同 第子丸 健
第１図
第２図
第３図FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a device for measuring and adjusting the voltage of the fuel cell main body shown in FIG. 3
The figure is a schematic diagram of a conventional phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant. 1...Fuel cell main body, 2...Anode electrode,
3...Cathode electrode, 8...Natural gas. 9... Steam, 10... Reformer. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Compressed air, 12... Anode outlet phosphoric acid adsorption device, 13... Anode outlet condenser, 14... Reformer burner, 15... Atmosphere, 16...
...Cathode output rophosphoric acid adsorption device, 17...Cathode outlet condenser, 18...Anode recycle blower. 19... Cathode recycle blower, 20... Anode gas supply valve, 21... Cathode air supply valve, 22... Atmospheric cutoff valve, 23... Air supply line. 24...Air supply valve, 25...Hydrogen supply line, 2
6... Hydrogen supply valve, 27... Hydrogen concentration detector, 28
...control device, 29...electric resistance, 30.
...Electric resistance switching device, 31...Voltmeter. Agent Patent Attorney Nori Ken Yudo Daishimaru Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
Claims (3)
電極に導き、前記燃料及び酸化剤の電気化学的反応によ
り電気を得るリン酸型燃料電池発電プラントにおいて、
前記カソード電極入口に接続し待機状態時酸化剤をカソ
ード電極に供給する酸化剤供給ラインと、この酸化剤供
給ラインを開閉する酸化剤供給弁と、燃料電池の電池電
圧を測定する電圧計と、この電圧計に接続し電圧計の出
力値に応じて前記酸化剤供給弁の弁開度を制御し待機状
態において電池電圧を所定値に設定する制御装置とを備
えてなるリン酸型燃料電池発電プラント。(1) In a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant in which a fuel and an oxidant are introduced to an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, respectively, and electricity is obtained through an electrochemical reaction of the fuel and oxidant,
an oxidizing agent supply line connected to the cathode electrode inlet and supplying an oxidizing agent to the cathode electrode in a standby state; an oxidizing agent supply valve that opens and closes the oxidizing agent supply line; and a voltmeter that measures the cell voltage of the fuel cell; A phosphoric acid fuel cell power generator comprising: a control device connected to the voltmeter to control the opening degree of the oxidizing agent supply valve according to the output value of the voltmeter, and to set the battery voltage to a predetermined value in a standby state. plant.
抗値を制御してなる請求項１記載のリン酸型燃料電池発
電プラント。(2) The phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant according to claim 1, wherein the control device controls the resistance value of an electrical resistor connected in series with the circuit.
設定してなる請求項１記載のリン酸型燃料電池発電プラ
ント。(3) The phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation plant according to claim 1, wherein the battery voltage is set at 0.1 V to 0.8 V per unit cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63132816A JP2752987B2 (en) | 1988-06-01 | 1988-06-01 | Phosphoric acid fuel cell power plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63132816A JP2752987B2 (en) | 1988-06-01 | 1988-06-01 | Phosphoric acid fuel cell power plant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01304668A true JPH01304668A (en) | 1989-12-08 |
| JP2752987B2 JP2752987B2 (en) | 1998-05-18 |
Family
ID=15090240
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63132816A Expired - Lifetime JP2752987B2 (en) | 1988-06-01 | 1988-06-01 | Phosphoric acid fuel cell power plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2752987B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991010266A2 (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-07-11 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Use and composition of a reactant gas to control fuel cell potential |
| WO1991010267A2 (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-07-11 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Air ejector system for fuel cell passivation |
| JPH06503330A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1994-04-14 | ザ ユニバーシティ オブ メルボルン | Compounds and compositions that inhibit bone resorption |
| JP2006100153A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Operation method of solid oxide fuel cell, and power generation facility of solid oxide fuel cell |
| JP2007048503A (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| WO2007110969A1 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for measuring crossover loss of fuel cell |
| WO2008132948A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-11-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
| JP4840896B2 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2011-12-21 | インテリジェント エナジー リミテッド | Fuel cell oxygen removal and preconditioning system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59149668A (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1984-08-27 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel battery |
| JPS62283564A (en) * | 1986-05-31 | 1987-12-09 | Toshiba Corp | Generating system for fuel cell |
-
1988
- 1988-06-01 JP JP63132816A patent/JP2752987B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59149668A (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1984-08-27 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel battery |
| JPS62283564A (en) * | 1986-05-31 | 1987-12-09 | Toshiba Corp | Generating system for fuel cell |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991010266A2 (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-07-11 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Use and composition of a reactant gas to control fuel cell potential |
| WO1991010267A2 (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-07-11 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Air ejector system for fuel cell passivation |
| JPH06503330A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1994-04-14 | ザ ユニバーシティ オブ メルボルン | Compounds and compositions that inhibit bone resorption |
| JP4840896B2 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2011-12-21 | インテリジェント エナジー リミテッド | Fuel cell oxygen removal and preconditioning system |
| JP2006100153A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Operation method of solid oxide fuel cell, and power generation facility of solid oxide fuel cell |
| JP2007048503A (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| WO2007110969A1 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for measuring crossover loss of fuel cell |
| WO2008132948A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-11-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
| US8227143B2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2012-07-24 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2752987B2 (en) | 1998-05-18 |
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