JPH01298278A - Air-permeable waterproof cloth and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a fabric having a fire pore structure and provided with both waterproofing property and air permeability by twisting a blend of highly shrunk nylon filaments and nylon crimped yarns into a specific twisting number, employing the produced twisted yarns as warps and/or wefts to form a fabric having a specified air content and subsequently subjecting the surface of the formed fabric to a water repellency treatment. CONSTITUTION:Highly shrunk nylon filaments and nylon twist yarns having a single filament denier of <=1.5d are blended to form blended yarns having a twist multiplier of 700-4500, which are employed as warps and/or wafts to form a woven fabric having the sum of cover factors in the warp and weft directions in an amount of >=1900 and an air content of >=60%. The surface of the formed woven fabric is subjected to a water-repelling treatment and further at least one surface layer portion (preferably the water-repelling-treated surface) of the fabric is heated and pressed to compress the fabric, thereby providing a fabric having a fine pore structure and provided with both waterproofing property and air permeability. The fabric is suitable for rain coats.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a waterproof fabric with excellent air permeability suitable for producing rainwear, particularly rainwear for sports.

(Prior technology) Conventionally, materials for raincoats have been made of rubberized cloth or coated with polyvinyl chloride, but while they have excellent waterproof properties, they tend to get stuffy easily and are unsuitable for sports. The material was unsuitable for use as a raincoat for exercising.

In recent years, for example, as disclosed in JP-A No. 55-98971, fabrics have been coated with a polyurethane solution and regenerated wet to give the coating layer a microporous structure, or stretched to form microscopic cracks. i3, which is made by laminating polytetrafluoroethylene film onto fabric. A waterproof fabric with W properties is used.

In this case, the microporous waterproof layer is based on the technical concept of allowing sweat vapor to pass through but not rain droplets, but because it is microporous, it has poor breathability (iffi is usually 0.5c).
c/cm"・sec) Although it is excellent as a raincoat when the temperature is low and it is difficult to sweat, it is extremely prone to wilting when the temperature rises because the hot air inside the garment cannot escape to the outside.

In addition, fine fibers (usually less than 1 denier) are made into high-density fabrics! Although there are waterproof fabrics treated with 8 water, they still have poor breathability (usually less than lcc/cm''-5ec) and cannot overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) Previous waterproof fabrics lacked breathability, allowing hot air to get trapped inside the clothes during intense exercise, and easily leaving marks, especially in the hot spring and summer seasons. The invention aims to solve this problem,
That is, the object is to provide a material for raincoats that has excellent breathability and waterproof properties.

(Means for solving the problems) That is, the present invention provides high shrinkage nylon filament (A) and
tl Nylon crimped yarn B) having a yarn team of 1.5 denier or less is mixed, and the twist coefficient is 700 to 4500.
A blended yarn having a twist of
00 or more, the air content is 60% or more, the surface is 18 aqueous, and the surface layer of at least one side is pressed and compressed to have a microporous structure. is a high shrinkage nylon filament (A
) and nylon crimped yarn B) with a single yarn denier of 1.5 deniers or less are kombined and then twisted with a twist coefficient of 700 to 4500. After weaving as described above, it is obtained by performing T8 water processing and then heating and pressing.

The high shrinkage nylon filament in the present invention is as follows. The shrinkage rate of polyamide filaments, such as 6.nylon and 6.6.nylon, is usually set so that the shrinkage rate becomes several percent after hot stretching and heat setting.

However, in the case of nylon filaments, it is extremely easy to set a high shrinkage rate using the method described below.

■ When stretching, set the stretching ratio low or omit heat setting.

■ Use filaments that have been spun at high speed (usually spun at 2500 m/min or more).

Using the above method, the shrinkage rate can be set to 10 to 60%, but due to cost and ease of manufacturing, ■ or ■
method is suitable.

The shrinkage rate of the high shrinkage nylon filament used in the present invention is preferably 10 to 20%.

As will be described later, the feature of the fabric of the present invention is that it has excellent breathability despite being a high-density fabric, but high shrinkage nylon filament is used to make the fabric high-density. From the viewpoint of texture and stability of physical properties, the shrinkage rate is preferably 10 to 20%.

That is, if the shrinkage rate is too small, it will be difficult to increase the density, and if it is too large, the texture of the fabric will be rough and hard, and the physical properties will also be unstable, which is not preferable. Furthermore, the blending ratio of high shrinkage nylon filaments in the mixed fiber yarn of the present invention is preferably 20 to 50% by weight for the above-mentioned reasons. That is, if the fiber blending ratio is lower than this range, it is difficult to achieve high shrinkage, and if it is higher than this range, not only will the texture of the fabric become rough and hard, but also the bulkiness will decrease, making it impossible to obtain the effects of the present invention.

Further, the single yarn denier of the high shrinkage nylon filament (a) is preferably 1 to 4 deniers. This is because the denier of the crimped yarn to be blended is set to 1.5 denier or less, so if it is too thin, the elasticity of the fabric will be taken away, and if it is too thin, the texture will become coarse and hard, and the quality will deteriorate. be.

However, the nylon curled yarn in the present invention includes false twisted yarn, shaped yarn, I! ! ! Over-processed yarn and different shrinkage properties 2
A self-curling-generating type of crimping yarn, which is obtained by condie-gate-spinning component polymers side-by-side to develop crimping, can be used, but false-twisted yarn is preferred from the viewpoint of cost, ease of controlling crimping, and the like.

In the case of a false twisted yarn, a crimped yarn processed under -C conditions can be used. For example, in the case of a 70 denier filament, the twist B should be 5100 to 3500 T/M, and in the case of a 50 denier filament, the twist B should be 3900 to 4300 T/M. It is 15-45%.

The single yarn denier of nylon crimped yarn B) is! , must be 5 denier or less. That is, if it exceeds 1.5 denier, the dispersibility of air in the air layer in the fabric decreases, making it impossible to obtain excellent waterproof properties.

From this point of view, the thinner the single yarn denier of the crimped yarn is, the stronger the crimping can be obtained, the better; Therefore, it is preferably 0.3 denier or less.

High shrinkage nylon filament (A) and nylon wrapped yarn? Methods of N G'A include twisting, covering, air jet blending, etc., but air jet blending is preferred from the viewpoint of cost.

What is more important in the present invention is to subject the thus obtained mixed fiber yarn to actual twisting with a twist coefficient of 700 to 4,500.

When the twist coefficient is less than 700, the high shrinkage nylon filament traps are exposed on the surface layer of the mixed yarn, easily forming pinholes locally, and air dispersion becomes poor, resulting in a decrease in water resistance and waterproofness. If the twist coefficient exceeds 4,500, air dispersibility is hindered, gaps are created between adjacent yarns, and breathability is improved. , the texture becomes hard.

Such In IK yarn is used for weft or warp, or both, and is preferably used at least for weft.

Further, in the present invention, the sum of the warp cover factor and the weft cover factor is 1900 or more, preferably 2000 or more.
It must be more than that. If the sum of the cover factors is small, the above-mentioned air dispersion will be poor and the waterproof property will be poor. In the case of the waterproof fabric of the present invention, since crimped yarn is mainly used as described above, even if the density of the progeny is increased (even if the cover factor value is increased), breathability is easily maintained, but the If the cover factor is large, the fabric will be rough and hard and will tend to be heavy, so the sum of the cover factors should be 2000 or more and 300 or more.
It is preferably 0 or less, and particularly preferably 2,400 or more and 3,000 or less.

Another important requirement in the present invention is air content. The air content rate is determined by a measuring method as described below, and indicates the size of the air layer present in the fabric.

In the case of the present invention, air permeability can be achieved by not only the above-mentioned system structure and fabric structure but also sufficient air being contained in the fabric.

Therefore, the air content of the waterproof fabric must be 60% or more, preferably 65% or more; if it is less than 60%, the air permeability will be poor.

In order to obtain such an air content, nylon crimped yarn may be used for -a as described above, but it is particularly preferable to perform processing after weaving under the following processing conditions. In other words, when using a crimped yarn that has been false-twisted using the 2-heat method, the crimping is uniform, but the bulkiness is low. The material should be immersed to induce crimp as much as possible.

On the other hand, in the case of using a crimped yarn processed by false twisting in the one-heat method, the relaxing condition may be relatively low temperature, for example, 60 to 80° C., since the yarn is bulky.

Next, it is necessary for the surface of the woven fabric of the present invention to have water repellency, and it is preferable that the woven fabric is subjected to 18-water treatment or the like. If the fabric has poor river water properties, the fibers will easily get wet, making it easier for water to enter through the air space.

Fluorine-based finishing agents, silicone-based finishing agents, etc. can be used as such water-repellent finishing agents, but the former, ie, organic fluorine compounds containing perfluorooxyalkyl groups, are preferred from the viewpoint of affinity with nylon and durability. be.

If these are added in an amount of usually 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 8% by weight, and subjected to hazing at 150 to 180°C, river water properties with excellent durability can be obtained.

In addition, since the waterproof fabric of the present invention has many and uniform voids, it is easy to apply the water repellent agent evenly and even to the inside of the fabric, and it also has excellent durability against washing and other purposes. Become something.

The present invention requires heating and pressing treatment after performing the 18 water treatment as described above. The heating and pressing treatment is performed using a calendering machine heated to 170 to 200°C, etc. to 20 to 30 tons.
The compression ratio specified later is 5 to 25.
%. If the compression rate is 5% or less, the pressing effect is small, and if it exceeds 25%, the waterproofness is good, but the breathability is significantly reduced, which is not preferable.

Further, it is preferable to apply the heating and pressing treatment to only one side, particularly to the side that has been subjected to the In water treatment.

This breathable waterproof fabric before being heated and pressed also has many pores inside, but the surface layer is water repellent, so it has both breathability and 18 water resistance to some extent. However, since the distribution of pores is not uniform, the pores converge in some areas to form pinholes, which deteriorates water pressure resistance and waterproof properties. On the other hand, if heating and pressing is applied, the pores are compressed and become fine pores, and are uniformly dispersed, which is effective in preventing the passage of raindrops and the like.

In addition, as a finishing method for this fabric, it is effective to raise the surface fibers with needle cloth raising, emery paper, etc., or to fluff them, to soften the texture and improve the feel.
If it is carried out before water-repellent finishing, the performance obtained will not change and it is preferable.

(Function) The reason why the fabric of the present invention has excellent waterproof properties while being highly breathable is considered to be as follows.

The woven fabric of the present invention is woven with a mixed yarn of crimpable filaments and highly shrinkable filaments, has a high density, and is rich in air with an air content of 60% or more. I have it. Therefore, air can move through the air layer, and since the fabric is treated with 1Ω water, it is difficult for raindrops to enter the air layer. In other words, conventional waterproof cloth is a mesh filter, and is it a surface layer that filters things through the size of the mesh? Because of the principle of overpass,
Although it does not allow rainwater to pass through, it also makes it difficult for air to pass through, whereas the waterproof fabric of the present invention has a deep layer of water filtering through sand. The principle is the same as that of filtration, and the thickness of the fabric, that is, the fine air layers uniformly dispersed within the woven fabric by pressure and compression, prevents raindrops from entering (in terms of filtration, the passage of foreign objects). Therefore, when looking through the fabric, pinholes are clearly visible at the positions of the weave, and even if the fabric has a high density and air content, it has low waterproofness.

Furthermore, since the mixed fiber yarn of the present invention has a real twist, the highly shrinkable nylon filament is located in the core of the mixed fiber yarn, and the bulkiness of the nylon curled yarn can be easily made uniform. Therefore, the gaps between adjacent filaments are filled, and the air is also evenly distributed in the fabric, resulting in fewer pinholes occurring between the filaments, improving air permeability, water pressure resistance, and waterproofness at the same time. It can be improved.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the waterproof fabric according to the present invention has a sufficient air layer inside, has extremely excellent waterproofness and breathability, is flexible and soft, and is suitable for rainwear. It is useful as a material for raincoats, especially raincoats made with this waterproof fabric.
If you wear it while playing sports, you will experience unprecedented comfort.

(Example) Measuring method The method for measuring various data in the present invention is as follows.

1. Shrinkage rate: 0.0 after removing skeins 5 times with a skein removal machine
Immerse in boiling water at 95-100℃ for 1 minute under a load of 0.01g/d to shrink, and after drying, the original length is 14, and the yield is 1Iil.
The latter length is assumed to be e, and is determined by the following formula.

2. Denier When calculating the cover factor using the JIS L-1013 method, the warp and weft are peeled off from the fabric and measured.

3. Cover factor: Number of threads per inch
JIS L-1092 method (A method) 7, rain test
AATCC (displayed in passing) Shower <Lane <Storm Leher) 8, Air permeability JIS L-1096 (A method) 9, Expansion and recovery rate JIS-L-109010, Twist number calculation formula D - Fineness (denier) SG - Specific gravity ( Polyester 1.38) 11, Pressing compression ratio Po - Thickness of unpressed fabric (mm) P, = Thickness of pressed fabric (mm) Example 1 A 6-nylon polymer with an intrinsic viscosity of 0165 was melted with an extruder and heated to 265°C. An undrawn yarn was obtained by extrusion from a heated orifice and winding at 1000 m/min. The undrawn yarn was stretched 3.5 times with a stretching roller to 70d/36f.
A highly shrinkable nylon filament A1 was obtained. The heat shrinkage of AI was 16.2%.

Next, regular 6-nylon filament 52d/36f (
Fl) was false-twisted using two heaters under the following conditions, and Fl
-e* yarn B was obtained. B1 was subjected to false twisting under the false twisting condition ■. The stretch recovery rate of the false twisted yarn B1 was 15.2%.

False twisting conditions ■ Spindle rotation speed 400,000 rpm, twisted yarn S direction 3
424T/M Feed rate 1st +2% 212.5% Heater temperature 1st 215℃ 2205℃ then high shrinkage 6
-Nylon filament AI and 6 nylon false twisted yarn B1
A non-twisted yarn of the mixed fiber C1 and a twisted yarn of the mixed fiber C1 were obtained by mixing the fibers with an air jet.

Each of the above-mentioned mixed fiber yarns was used for the warp and weft, weaving was carried out in plain weave, and processed under the following conditions to give a press compression ratio of 10% to fabrics 1'-6', respectively, to obtain fabrics 1'-6'. Table 1 shows the characteristic values of the fabric obtained.

It can be seen that the woven fabric of the present invention has excellent breathability, and by twisting it, it becomes even more waterproof.

Processing process and conditions ■Relax Relax in hot water at 95℃ for 20-30 seconds ■Dry Dry at 100℃ with a short loop dryer ■Preset Width 190℃ for 30 seconds ■Dyeing Dye at 100℃ using a jet dyeing machine Acidic It was dyed red using dye.

■Drying ■Turn to ■T8 water treatment Using fluorine-based water repellent (2% OWF attached) Example 2 Using C1-1 obtained in Example 1 for the warp and weft,
A woven fabric woven with plain weave and processed almost in the same manner as in Example 1 to have a compression ratio of 0.5.15.25.30%? ,8,9
,10. ．． I got 1. Table 2 shows the characteristic values.

In addition, Fig. 1 is a weft cross-sectional photograph of a fabric with a compression ratio of 15%;
Figure 2 is a weft cross-sectional photograph (100x magnification) of the same 0% fabric.

By pressing and compressing, a uniform micropore structure can be obtained,
Demonstrates excellent waterproofness while having breathability Example 3: Regular 6 nylon filament (Fl) of Example 1 is used for the warp
and usually 6 nylon filament 70d/36f (Fz)
was air-jet under the same conditions as Example 1.

C2 was obtained by mixing the fibers. Using this C8 yarn and using 01-3 obtained in Example 1 for the weft, weave it in a plain weave, process it in almost the same manner as in Example 1, and press it to fabrics 12 and 12 with a compression ratio of 15%. I got 13.

The characteristics of the woven fabric were as shown in Table 3. 0 Although it was highly breathable, the woven fabric 13 was twisted and pressed at the same time.Table 3

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a lateral cross-sectional photograph of a breathable waterproof fabric according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a lateral cross-sectional photograph (100x magnification) of a breathable waterproof fabric that has not been subjected to pressure compression treatment. It shows.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Highly shrinkable nylon filament (A) and nylon wrapped yarn (B) with a single filament denier of 1.5 denier or less
A blended yarn with a twist coefficient of 700 to 4500 is used for the warp and/or weft, the sum of the cover factors in the warp and weft directions is 1900 or more, and the air content is 60% or more. In addition, the surface has water repellency,
A breathable waterproof fabric characterized in that the surface layer on at least one side is compressed and has a microporous structure. (2) A mixed yarn obtained by blending a high shrinkage nylon filament (A) and a crimped nylon yarn (B) with a single yarn denier of 1.5 denier or less, and then twisting the yarn with a twist coefficient of 700 to 4500. 1. A method for producing a breathable waterproof fabric, which comprises weaving the fabric so that the sum of the cover factors is 1900 or more, and then subjecting it to a water repellent treatment and then subjecting it to a heating and pressing treatment.