JPH01296057A - Heat-pump type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a refrigerant or an oil from stagnating, by providing a valve casing which comprises a first communicating port for communicating with a water- refrigerant heat exchanger at one end thereof, a second communicating port for communicating with a passage-switching means at the other end thereof, and a third communicating port for communicating with a suction port at an intermediate position thereof, and a shuttle valve. CONSTITUTION:A four-way valve 6, which is a passage-switching means, is turned OFF at the time of a cooling operation, and is turned ON at the time of a heating operation. At the time of cooling, a refrigerant fed from the four-way valve 6 is led through second and third communicating ports 19, 20 of a shuttle valve 16 to a suction port, and a first communication port 18 is closed by a valve body 22. At the time of heating, the refrigerant fed from a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is led through the first and third communicating ports 18, 20 to the suction port 3, and the second communicating port 19 is closed by a second valve head 26. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant or an oil from stagnating in a refrigerant pipe 5 for conducting the refrigerant from the four-way valve 6, between the position at which a refrigerant pipe for conducting the refrigerant from the heat exchanger 15 and the refrigerant pipe 5 are joined and the four-way valve 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a pump type air-conditioning and heating system that performs cooling operation and heating operation by changing the flow direction of refrigerant discharged from a refrigerant compressor.

[Conventional technology] During cooling operation, the refrigerant is condensed by exchanging heat between outdoor air and refrigerant using an outdoor heat exchanger, and the refrigerant is evaporated by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air blown indoors using an indoor heat exchanger. On the other hand, during heating operation, an indoor heat exchanger exchanges heat between the air blown into the room and the refrigerant to condense the refrigerant, and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger exchanges heat between hot water and refrigerant to cool the refrigerant. There is a well-known air-conditioning system that heats the room by evaporating the air. In this heat pump air conditioning system, there is a point where a refrigerant flow path that leads refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger to the refrigerant compressor and a refrigerant flow path that leads refrigerant from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger to the refrigerant compressor merge.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] At the location where the above refrigerants meet, as shown in FIG.
During cooling operation, when the refrigerant flows from the refrigerant flow path 101 leading to the indoor heat exchanger to the refrigerant flow path 102 leading to the suction port of the refrigerant compressor, the oil contained in the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant flow path 103 leading to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger. accumulates. This may result in a lack of refrigerant or oil in the cycle.

Similarly, during heating operation, from the refrigerant flow path 103 to the refrigerant flow path 1
When the refrigerant flows to 02, liquefied refrigerant and oil contained in the refrigerant accumulate in the refrigerant flow path 101.

This may cause a shortage of refrigerant or oil during the cycle.

In order to solve this shortage of refrigerant and oil, the refrigerant flow path 101
It has been considered to provide a one-way valve for each of the valves and 103, but this has the problems of increasing the number of parts and creating a space between the one-way valve and the merging point where refrigerant or oil can accumulate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump that can prevent refrigerant and oil from accumulating at the confluence point of the refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger. The purpose is to provide air-conditioning and heating equipment.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a refrigerant compressor that sucks refrigerant from an inlet, compresses it, and discharges it from an outlet, and heats the air outside the vehicle and the refrigerant. an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between air blown into the vehicle interior and refrigerant; a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between hot water and refrigerant; flow path switching means for guiding refrigerant to the outdoor heat exchanger, guiding refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger to the suction port, and guiding refrigerant discharged from the discharge port during heating operation to the indoor heat exchanger; The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port during cooling operation is guided to the suction port via the flow path switching means, the outdoor heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger, and the flow path switching means, and the refrigerant is guided to the suction port during heating operation. At the same time, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port is transferred to the flow path switching means,
A refrigerant flow path that guides the refrigerant from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger to the suction port in the air-conditioning device, which leads the refrigerant to the suction port via the indoor heat exchanger and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger;
A first communication port communicating with the water-refrigerant heat exchanger at one end and communicating with the flow path switching means at the other end at a confluence position with the refrigerant flow path that guides the refrigerant from the flow path switching means to the suction port. Second
a valve case having a communication port and a third communication port communicating with the suction port at an intermediate position; and a valve case disposed so as to be movable by the flow of refrigerant within the valve case, and blocking the first communication port when located on one side. a valve body that connects the second communication port and the third communication port, and when located on the other side, blocks the second communication port and communicates the first communication port and the third communication port; the first valve body
The technical means is that a shuttle valve comprising a biasing means for biasing toward the continuous port is provided.

[Function] During cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the refrigerant compressor is guided to the suction port via the flow path switching means, outdoor heat exchanger, indoor heat exchanger, flow path switching means, and shuttle valve. . At this time, if refrigerant remains in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, the refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger expands due to the hot water, and its pressure increases. When the pressure inside the water-refrigerant heat exchanger increases, the pressure is guided to the first communication port, urges the valve body toward the second communication port, and
It becomes the force that opens the communication port. However, the valve body is biased by the biasing means in a direction to close the first communication port. Therefore, during cooling operation, the force that tends to bias the valve body toward the second communication port and open the first communication port due to the pressure increase in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is canceled by the biasing means. Then, the valve body moves toward the first communication port due to the flow of refrigerant guided from the flow path switching means to the second communication port, and the first communication port is closed and the second communication port is closed.
The communication port and the third communication port communicate with each other.

As a result, during cooling operation, the refrigerant sent from the flow path switching means is guided from the second communication port of the shuttle valve to the suction port via the third communication port, and the first communication port is blocked by the valve body. It will be done.

During heating operation, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the refrigerant compressor is guided to the suction port via the flow path switching means, the indoor heat exchanger, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the shuttle valve.

At this time, the flow of refrigerant guided from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger to the first communication port moves the valve body toward the second communication port against the urging force of the urging means, and the second communication port is closed. The first communication port and the third communication port communicate with each other.

As a result, during heating operation, the refrigerant sent from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is guided from the first communication port of the shuttle valve to the suction port via the third communication port, and the second communication port is blocked by the valve body. I can escape.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, during cooling operation, the refrigerant sent from the flow path switching means is guided to the suction port by the shuttle valve, the first communication port is closed, and the refrigerant is connected to the confluence point and water refrigerant. This prevents oil from accumulating between the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger.

In addition, during heating operation, the refrigerant sent from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is guided to the suction port by the shuttle valve, and the second communication port is closed, so that the refrigerant is placed between the confluence point and the indoor heat exchanger.
Prevents refrigerant and oil from accumulating.

[Example] Next, a heat pump type air-conditioning device of the present invention will be described based on an example shown in the drawings.

1 and 2 show refrigerant circuit diagrams of a heat pump air-conditioning and heating system. The refrigerant circuit 1 of this embodiment is installed in an automobile, and the refrigerant compressor 2 of this refrigerant circuit 1 is connected to an engine mounted on the vehicle (not shown). The rotation of
It discharges more. The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 4 is guided to the four-way valve 6 via a refrigerant pipe 5 that forms a refrigerant flow path. This four-way valve 6 is the flow path switching means of the present invention,
During cooling operation, the refrigerant turned OFF and led to the four-way valve 6 is led to the outdoor heat exchanger 7 via the refrigerant pipe 5, and the refrigerant led from the indoor heat exchanger 8 to the four-way valve 6 by the refrigerant pipe 5 is refrigerant. The refrigerant is guided to the suction port 3 via the pipe 5, and is turned on during heating operation to guide the refrigerant guided to the four-way valve 6 to the indoor heat exchanger 8 via the refrigerant pipe 5.

The outdoor heat exchanger 7 is installed in a position where outdoor air (outside air) can easily flow in, such as at the front of a vehicle radiator, and exchanges heat with the outside air with the refrigerant sent from the four-way valve 6 during cooling operation.
It condenses and liquefies refrigerant. The refrigerant liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 then passes through the refrigerant pipe 5, the first one-way valve 9, the receiver 1G, and the first pressure reducing device 11 to the indoor heat exchanger 8.
be led to.

Note that the first one-way valve 9 prevents the refrigerant from flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 during heating operation.

The indoor heat exchanger 8 is disposed within a duct (not shown) of an air conditioner that blows air into the vehicle interior, and exchanges heat between the air blown into the vehicle interior and a refrigerant.

On the other hand, during heating operation, the refrigerant led to the indoor heat exchanger 8 via the four-way valve 6 exchanges heat with the air led indoors, liquefies and condenses, bypasses the first pressure reducing device 11 through the refrigerant pipe 5, Second one-way valve 12, receiver 10, solenoid valve 13
, is guided to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 15 via the second pressure reducing device ff14. Note that the second one-way valve 12 allows the refrigerant to be supplied to the first pressure reducing device r! during cooling operation. 111 is prevented from being bypassed. Further, the solenoid valve 13 is turned off during cooling operation to prevent the refrigerant flowing out of the receiver 10 from flowing into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15.

The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 exchanges heat between the cooling water (warm water) of the water-cooled engine and the refrigerant.

During cooling operation, the refrigerant that flows out of the indoor heat exchanger 8 and is guided to the four-way valve 6 is guided to the suction port 3 of the refrigerant compressor 2 via the refrigerant pipe 5. Also, during heating operation, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 15
The refrigerant that has flowed out is guided to the suction port 3 of the refrigerant compressor 2 via the refrigerant pipe 5.

Therefore, the refrigerant pipe 5 that leads the refrigerant from the four-way valve 6 to the suction port 3 and the refrigerant pipe 5 that leads the refrigerant from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 to the suction port 3 join upstream of the suction port 3.

A shuttle valve 16 is attached to this merging position. The structure of this shuttle valve 16 is shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.

The shuttle valve 16 includes a valve case 17. This valve case 17 has a first communication port 18 connecting the refrigerant pipe 5 communicating with the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 at one end, and connects the refrigerant pipe 5 communicating with the indoor heat exchanger 8 at the other end. A third communication port 20 is provided at an intermediate position to connect the refrigerant pipe 5 which communicates with the suction port of the refrigerant compressor 2.

Inside the valve case 17, a cylindrical chamber 21 with conical ends is formed, and a valve body 22 is placed inside the chamber 21.
is installed.

The valve body 22 has a plurality of flanges 23 and 24 radially provided around both ends thereof so as to slide into the chamber 21 .

Further, a first valve umbrella 25 is provided at the end of the seven flange 23 of the valve body 22 to close the first communication port 18 when the valve body 22 is located on the first communication port 18 side (positioned on one side). It is being

Further, a second valve umbrella 26 is provided at the end of the flange 24 of the valve body 22 to close the second communication port 19 when the valve body 22 is located on the second communication port 19 side (when located on the other side). ing.

Note that O-rings 27 and 28 are attached to the first valve umbrella 25 and the second valve umbrella 26, and the first valve umbrella 25 is connected to the first communication port 1.
8 or when the second valve umbrella 26 fits into the second communication port 19.

Further, the valve body 22 is always connected to the first communication port 18 by a compression coil spring 29 whose one end is supported by the valve case 17.
Forced to the side. This compression coil spring 29 is a biasing means of the present invention, and when the refrigerant remaining in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 expands with cooling water during cooling operation and the pressure rises, this pressure is applied to the valve body 22. The second communication port 19 is biased toward the second communication port 19, thereby canceling out the force that opens the first communication port.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned pump type air-conditioning system will be explained.

b) During cooling operation (see the first book) When a vehicle occupant instructs cooling operation using an operation panel (not shown), the four-way valve is turned off, and the clutch of the refrigerant compressor 2 is turned on depending on the indoor temperature and the like. When the clutch is in the ON state, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 4 of the refrigerant compressor 2 is guided by the four-way valve 6 to the outdoor heat exchanger 7, where it exchanges heat with the outside air and is liquefied and condensed. The refrigerant liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 flows into the receiver 10 . During this cooling operation, the solenoid valve 13 upstream of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is turned off, so the refrigerant that has flowed into the receiver 10 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 8 via the first pressure reducing device 111. The high pressure liquefied refrigerant is transferred to the first pressure reducing device 1
1, the refrigerant expands adiabatically, becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure atomized refrigerant, and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 8. The refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor heat exchanger 8 removes latent heat from the air that flows through the duct of the air conditioner and is blown into the vehicle interior, and evaporates. This cools the air blown into the room, cooling the room. After the evaporation is completed, the vaporized refrigerant is guided to the second communication port 19 of the shuttle valve 16 via the four-way valve 6.

During this cooling operation, if refrigerant remains in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, the refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 expands due to the cooling water, and the pressure increases. Since the pressure inside the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is guided to the first communication port 18 of the shuttle valve 16 via the refrigerant pipe 5, the increase in pressure inside the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is caused by the valve body of the shuttle valve 16. 22 in the direction of the second communication port 19, and becomes a force that opens the first communication port 18.

However, the valve body 22 of the shuttle valve 16 is urged by the compression coil spring 29 so as to close the first communication port 18 . Therefore, during cooling operation, the compression coil spring 29 cancels out the force that opens the first communication port 18 due to the rise in pressure within the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 .

Then, the refrigerant guided from the four-way valve 6 to the second communication port 19 moves the valve body 22 toward the first communication port 18, the first valve umbrella 25 closes the first communication port 18, and the second communication port 19 and third
It communicates with the communication port 20.

As a result, the refrigerant sent from the four-way valve 6 is guided from the second communication port 19 of the shuttle valve 16 to the suction port via the third communication port 20, and the first communication port 18 is blocked by the valve body 22. It will be done.

According to this embodiment, the refrigerant sent from the four-way valve 6 is guided to the suction port 3 by the shuttle valve 16, and the first communication port 18 is closed by the first valve umbrella 25. As a result,
Refrigerant piping 5 that leads refrigerant from four-way valve 6 and water-refrigerant heat exchanger 1
It is possible to prevent oil from accumulating in the refrigerant pipe 5 between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and the confluence position with the refrigerant pipe 5 that leads the refrigerant from the refrigerant pipe 5 .

(Note) During heating operation (see Figure 2) When a vehicle occupant instructs heating operation using an operation panel (not shown), the four-way valve 6 is turned on, and the clutch of the refrigerant compressor 2 is turned on depending on the indoor temperature, etc. . When the clutch is ON, the discharge port 4 of the refrigerant compression 112
The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant is guided into the indoor heat exchanger 8 by the four-way valve 6.

The refrigerant guided into the indoor heat exchanger 8 flows through the duct of the air conditioner, loses its latent heat to the air blown into the vehicle interior, and liquefies and condenses. The heated air is then blown out into the room by removing latent heat from the refrigerant, heating the room.

The refrigerant liquefied in the indoor heat exchanger 8 flows into the receiver 10. During this heating operation, the solenoid valve 13 upstream of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is turned on, and the refrigerant flowing into the receiver 10 flows into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 via the solenoid valve 13 and the second pressure reducing device W14. Inflow. The high pressure liquefied refrigerant is transferred to the second pressure reducing device f
When passing through i14, the refrigerant expands adiabatically, becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure atomized refrigerant, and flows into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant flowing into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 absorbs latent heat from the cooling water and evaporates. Then, the evaporation is completed, and the vaporized refrigerant is guided to the first communication port 18 of the shuttle valve 16. When the refrigerant is introduced from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 to the first communication port 18, the valve body 22 moves toward the second communication port 19 against the biasing force of the compression coil spring 29 due to the flow of the refrigerant. The second communication port 19 is blocked by the second valve umbrella 26, and the first communication port 18 and the third communication port 2 are closed.
0 is connected.

As a result, the refrigerant sent from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is
The air is guided from the first communication port 18 of the shuttle valve 16 to the suction port 3 via the third communication port 20, and the second communication port 19 is closed by the second valve umbrella 2B.

According to this embodiment, the refrigerant sent from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is guided to the suction port 3 by the shuttle valve 16, and the second communication port 19 is closed by the second valve umbrella 26. As a result, refrigerant and oil accumulate in the refrigerant pipe 5 between the four-way valve 6 and the confluence position of the refrigerant pipe leading the refrigerant from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and the refrigerant pipe 5 leading the refrigerant from the four-way valve 6. can be prevented.

(Modified example) Although an example in which the present invention is applied to an automobile air conditioning system has been shown,
It may be applied to air-conditioning equipment for railways and ships, and air-conditioning equipment for home and commercial use.

Although an example is shown in which a four-way valve is used as the flow path switching means, the flow direction of the refrigerant may be switched using a plurality of electromagnetic valves.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the heat pump type air conditioning system during cooling operation, Figure 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the heat pump type air conditioning system during heating operation, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the shuttle valve, and Figure 4 is A cross-sectional view of the valve body, Figure 5 is a plan view of the valve body, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the valve body.
The figure is a sectional view showing a confluence position of conventional refrigerant flow paths. In the diagram 2... Refrigerant compressor 3... Suction port 4...
Discharge port 5... Refrigerant piping (refrigerant flow path) 6... Four-way valve (flow path switching means) 7... Outdoor heat exchanger 8.
・・Indoor heat exchanger 15・Water refrigerant heat exchanger 16・
...Shuttle valve 17...Valve case 18...1st
Communication port 19...Second communication port 20...Third communication port
22... Valve body 29... Compression coil spring (biasing means)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A refrigerant compressor that sucks refrigerant through an intake port, compresses it, and discharges it from a discharge port, an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the air outside the vehicle interior and the refrigerant, and blows the refrigerant into the vehicle interior. an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between air and a refrigerant; a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between hot water and a refrigerant; A flow path switching means for guiding the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger to the suction port and for guiding the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port during heating operation to the indoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant being discharged from the discharge port during cooling operation. The refrigerant is transferred to the flow path switching means, the outdoor heat exchanger,
The refrigerant that is guided to the suction port through the indoor heat exchanger and the flow path switching means and discharged from the discharge port during heating operation is transferred to the flow path switching means, the indoor heat exchanger, and the water refrigerant heat exchanger. A heat pump type air-conditioning device that leads the refrigerant to the suction port via the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a refrigerant flow path that leads the refrigerant from the flow path switching means to the suction port. The merging position includes: (a) a first communication port communicating with the water-refrigerant heat exchanger at one end, a second communication port communicating with the flow path switching means at the other end, and a second communication port communicating with the suction port at an intermediate position; (b) a valve case provided with a third communication port;
(c) a valve body that communicates between the communication port and the third communication port, and when located on the other side, blocks the second communication port and communicates the first communication port and the third communication port; 1. A heat pump type air-conditioning/heating device, characterized in that a shuttle valve comprising a biasing means for biasing the body toward the first communication port is provided.