JPH01296042A - Booster heater device for cogeneration system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To resolve the deficiency of heat quantity of hot water by applying the electricity generated by a cogeneration system to electrodes disposed in a duct so as to cause the electric current to flow directly through the running water for generating heat. CONSTITUTION:By the operation of a gas engine, turbine or fuel cell 1, a power generator 2 is turned over to perform both the power generation and h4eat discharge. The discharged heat makes hot water in an waste gas heat exchanger 3 and a coolant heat exchanger 4, and the hot water is supplied to users. A booster heater 5 has a pair of opposing planar electrodes 7 in its cylindrical body 6 which is circular or elliptic in section configuration and made of ceramics or plastic. The device can be started and stopped instantly without any special starting device by simply supplying the electric current to the electrodes 7 through lead wires 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a booster heater device of an auxiliary heating device that makes the thermoelectric ratio variable in a cogeneration (combined heat and power generation) system.

[Prior Art] Cogeneration (combined heat and power generation) systems have recently become popular, but the ratio of heat and electricity generated by this system, the so-called thermoelectric ratio, can be arbitrarily set to m! Therefore, there is generally a surplus of thermal energy in the afternoon, and a situation in which there is a shortage of thermal energy from midnight to around 8:00 in the morning. Moreover, the amount of thermal energy varies greatly depending on the season.

For this reason, such systems generally include a heat storage device to release heat stored in times of surplus and release in times of shortage, and an auxiliary boiler to produce additional hot water.

The most desirable thing would be to be able to adjust the amount of power generated and the exhaust a7i at the same time by the engine itself, but in the current situation where this is difficult, it is possible to directly use the generated electricity to create hot water as a way to control the thermoelectric ratio. It is possible that If this could be done, the thermoelectric ratio could be freely varied, albeit indirectly, and hot water shortages would be resolved. Stationary regenerative electric direct heaters for this purpose exist outside of Japan, but so far no device has been found that uses part of the duct through which hot water flows to directly heat running water with electricity. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventionally, in a cogeneration (combined heat and power generation) system, an auxiliary boiler is installed to produce hot water for the shortage of 8 Hk. In this case, the initial equipment cost is high, and the operating rate of the engine itself does not improve, resulting in a large loss due to the reduction in efficiency of the entire system.

This generation IJJ was developed in g75& to solve this problem, and it heats hot water whose temperature has dropped due to lack of thermal energy during circulation by direct heating using electricity generated by engine operation, and then sends it to the load side. An object of the present invention is to provide a booster heater device that eliminates the lack of heat in hot water and increases the operating efficiency of a gas engine, turbine, or fuel cell.

[Means and actions for solving the problem] In a cogeneration (combined heat and power generation) system, especially in a system that targets large-scale central heating and cooling systems in urban areas, the outlet or outlet of hot water sent from a central plant (energy plant) A duct larger than the hot water transport pipe is connected to a part of the hot water transport pipe, and the electricity generated by the cogeneration system is applied to the electrodes installed inside the duct, and the electrical resistance of the water is used to directly generate an electric current in the flowing water. By flowing and generating heat, the circulating hot water is heated and the temperature of the hot water is raised. This is called a booster heater device, which means an auxiliary or additional heating device.

[Example] The present invention will be described in detail below based on one drawing. Fourth
The figure is a schematic diagram of an energy plant for a cogeneration (combined heat and power generation) system. The operation of the gas engine, turbine, or fuel cell 1 turns the generator 2 to generate electricity and exhaust heat, and this exhaust heat is used as hot water by the exhaust gas heat exchanger 3 and cooling water heat exchanger 4 attached to the engine 1. supplied to the house.

Incidentally, the period from midnight to early morning is a time period when power consumption is reduced, and if the power generation Ia2 were to be generated to match the demand, the amount of hot water supplied would be insufficient. This often occurs especially in winter.

Generally, as a countermeasure for this, an auxiliary boiler is installed as a replenishment device for the gas engine l, but this increases the initial equipment cost and its operating cost. By increasing the amount of hot water supplied, costs can be reduced accordingly.

The surplus electricity generated at this time is used as a booster heater
If 5 is used for the production of hot water, the energy efficiency of the entire system will be significantly improved.Moreover, booster heater VCMS
Energy loss can also be minimized by using a method that heats the hot water, which is the heat medium, by directly passing an electric current through it.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a booster heater device showing an embodiment of the present invention, taken along the -ff6g plane. That is, the booster heater device W15 has a circular or oval cylindrical body 6 made of ceramic or plastic material, for example, and a plate electrode 7.7 as shown in FIG.
These electrodes 7 are inserted so that they face each other.
．． A metal or insulator guard 8.8 is provided at the end of 7 to reduce the electric field. The code 9.9 is the electrode 7°7
It is an electric wire for passing current through. Input/output pipes 10.10, which are tubular members having approximately the same diameter as the transport pipe 12.12, are installed on both sides of the main body 6 in FIG. A grounding device 2111.11 is provided to prevent electrolytic corrosion in the area, and it is connected to the hot water transport pipe 12 via an air separator 14 provided to cope with the generation of a large amount of ions and the generation of gas from circulating water. It is now possible to do so.

This booster heater W15 does not require any special starting device, and can be started or stopped instantly by passing current through the electrode 7.7 via the electric wire 9.9, so when the power demand suddenly increases, this Booster heater device 5
can be stopped instantly. That is, the booster heater device m5 can be considered as a thermoelectric ratio control device.

The ability to arbitrarily and significantly change the thermoelectric ratio is an innovative cogeneration system.

Although it is known that water is heated by directly applying electricity to it, by applying this principle to a booster heater device, it has become possible to perform variable control of the thermoelectric ratio of a cogeneration system.

Furthermore, it can be applied to circulating water without any treatment, and by using a simple air separator, it is possible to generate ions and gas from water.

Next, the surface MSltL of electrode 7.7, 000cs+”,
Consider a design example in which the average distance d between electrodes is 10 cm. Since the specific resistance ρ of tap water is approximately 104 Ω-am, the electrical resistance R between the electrodes 7.7 (blank below) is R=ρ□ = 104 XIO/1.00O=lO”
(Ω).

When the applied voltage is V (V), the heat generation 1iQ(w) is Q-V''/, so the relationship between the heat generation amount and the voltage is as shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 If the deficit am is 2.5x 10' Kca I/h, when the voltage is 3.0 OOV, the 'J1 pole area is 3.
The diameter of the booster heater device 5 will be about 15 cm and the length will be about 3.5 m.

The specific resistance of water is 10”Ω due to the presence of corrosion inhibitors etc. in the water.
-cm, the above electrode R=1Ω, and even at an IT voltage of ooov, the amount of heat generated is 1,000 kW. 1
A calorific value of 8.6×10 duck kca 1 will be obtained per hour.

This is just a calculation, and the resistance of hot water may fluctuate, so in actual continuous use, current control will be used.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a booster heater device showing another embodiment. In this case, one electrode 7a is attached and fixed to the inner surface of the cylindrical main body 6a, and a counter electrode 7a' linearly supported at the center by an insulating center electrode support member 13 is opposed to the other electrode 7a. It was formed like this. In this case as well, as in the above embodiment, it is possible to heat the flowing water by passing a current through the electrodes 7a, 7a'' through the electric wires 9a, without applying any treatment to the flowing water.

If the hot water transport pipe coming out of the center plant has a large diameter and the hot water flow rate is not very high, a booster heater device with a duct diameter of about the same thickness as the transport pipe may be used. It is also possible to provide a booster heater device by directly providing an electrode inside the heater.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the booster heater for a cogeneration (combined heat generation) system of the present invention is: ■It is a method of directly applying electricity to the circulating heat medium in the cogeneration system, and although it has a simple configuration, High thermal efficiency and no failures.

■The thermoelectric ratio of the cogeneration system can be made largely variable, and the rate of energy loss hardly increases compared to conventional systems.

■By using a ground electrode, it is possible to prevent any adverse effects on safety and other equipment from occurring.

■Problems such as water decomposition and ion generation that occur when heating is applied directly to flowing water can be resolved using a simple air separator.

■It can be attached to a part of the heat transport pipe of a booster heater, so there is no need for a large installation space.

■Since electricity is applied directly to the tree, no special starting device is required, and it can be started or stopped instantaneously, and can fully follow sudden changes in the system's electricity demand.

Excellent effects such as these can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional side view of a booster heater device for a cozy energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the booster heater device, FIG. 3 is an MI sectional view of the booster heater device showing another embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a cogeneration system to which the booster heater device of the present invention is applied. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system. 5... Booster heater device 6.6a... Main body 7.7a, 7a''... Electrode 8... Electrode guard for electric field relaxation 11... Grounding device 12... Transportation Pipe 13...ff1J4i support member 14...Air 7 pallet

Claims (1)

[Claims] Consisting of a main body made of a circular or oval cylinder made of ceramic or plastic material, and a pair of electrodes disposed within the main body, an alternating voltage is applied directly to the electrodes. A booster heater device for a cogeneration system, characterized by being able to heat hot water flowing inside the main body.