JPH01279805A - Agent for exterminating fungi and bacteria - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject exterminating agent selectively exterminating Bacillariophyceae adhered to laver leaves and laver nets in the cultivation of the laver and not affecting the laver bodies, the environment of the sea, fishes and shellfish, containing monosodium fumarate salt, etc., as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains monosodium fumarate salt and/or monopotassium fumarate salt as an active ingredient. The agent can be dissolved in water or sea water in a range of 0.05wt.% to a saturated solution or preliminarily dissolved in the sea water or water. An article to be treated can be immersed in the aqueous solution or the aqueous solution is sprayed on the article. An emulsifier, etc., may be further added to the agent in order to improve the solubility or permeability of the agent and various nutritive salts, etc., may be also added to the agent for an improvement in the growth and quality of the laver. The agent is safe for the infant leaves and grown leaves of the laver, can raise the leaf bodies in healthy states and exhibits an excellent effect for exterminating algae.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention selectively exterminates diatoms, sea lettuce, green laver, bacteria, etc. attached to nori leaves and nori nets in the cultivation of nori. The present invention relates to a disinfectant for algae such as diatoms, sea lettuce, blue laver, etc., and bacteria, which has no adverse effects on marine environment pollution or fish and shellfish.

``Conventional technology'' In seaweed farming, diatoms, sea lettuce,
If algae and bacteria such as blue laver attach, they may interfere with the growth of laver leaves and the settlement of monopotent seedlings, or may cause symptoms such as shirogusare disease.
This product contains organic carboxylic acid as an active ingredient for the purpose of removing algae, etc. that are harmful to the cultivation of seaweed, which causes the occurrence of akagusare disease, pot-shaped swarf disease, etc., and the deterioration of the quality of seaweed due to ragweed disease, etc. Algaecides have been proposed. For example, JP-A-50-121425 describes saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, glycolic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid,
An algicidal algae containing as an active ingredient one or more organic carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of malic acid and citric acid is disclosed. Also, Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 6
No. 0-244245 discloses an algaecide method in which an object to be treated is immersed in a treatment liquid in which fumaric acid is present in a saturated amount or more. When treating with an algaecide containing an organic carboxylic acid as an active ingredient, the pH is usually preferably in the range of 2 to 3; if the acid concentration becomes high, problems such as death of the leaves of nori occur.

In particular, when treating the seedling stage of seaweed, if the pH is low, the seedlings of seaweed may die, resulting in poor productivity. For this reason, it is necessary to perform sufficient pH control. As a means of solving this problem, it is stated in JP-A No. 60-244245 Mei 41 [1:il] that during the budding stage, the fumaric acid treatment solution can be adjusted by using, for example, sodium fumarate. There is. In this way, algaecides must be used depending on the growth of the nori during the budding stage and the mature leaf stage.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" Algaecides for algae, etc. - For boat fishing, 3 to 1
This is done using a method of immersion treatment for 0 minutes. However, organic carboxylic acids and organic carboxylic acid salts in the ecological cycle, such as malic acid and citric acid, excluding fumaric acid and fumarates, have the effect of promoting the growth of diatoms and bacteria at low concentrations. The treated liquid that adheres to the laver leaves and nets is diluted with seawater and becomes a low concentration, which becomes a nutrient source for the growth of diatoms and bacteria. As a result, surrounding diatoms and bacteria actively proliferate, causing a vicious cycle in which they re-adhere to the nori thallus. Furthermore, algaecides containing malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, etc. as active ingredients have problems such as the death of the nori leaves themselves when the concentration becomes high or the treatment time becomes long. A great deal of effort is required to manage the pH of the licking solution and the treatment time.

The present inventors have discovered that algae and bacteria are effective in selectively exterminating algae and bacteria attached to nori leaves and nori nets in a pH range that does not adversely affect the nori leaves from the bud stage to the adult leaf stage. As a result of studying a pesticide that does not promote the growth of diatoms and bacteria even if it adheres to treated nori leaves and nets and is diluted with seawater to a low concentration, we found that the algae of the present invention It was also found that antibacterial agents are effective.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The present invention relates to an algae and bacteria exterminator characterized by containing monosodium fumarate and/or monopotassium fumarate as active ingredients.

The algae and bacteria exterminating agent of the present invention can be added to water or seawater at zero
．． It can be used after being dissolved in a range of 0.05% by weight to saturation solubility. Preferably it is in the range of 0.1 to 7% by weight, and the pH is in the range of 3 to 4.5.

If the concentration of the algae and bacteria exterminator of the present invention is less than 0.05% by weight, the extermination of algae and bacteria will be insufficient, and if it exceeds the saturation solubility, it is economically unfavorable.

The pesticide in the present invention can be dissolved in either seawater or water in advance.

The algae and bacteria repellent of the present invention can be used as an aqueous solution. When used by immersing the object to be treated, the immersion time is preferably in the range of 1 to 60 minutes, and the object to be treated can also be treated by being sprayed.

The algae and bacteria repellent of the present invention can also be used in combination with an emulsifier or the like in order to improve solubility and permeability. In addition, various nutritional salts may be added to improve the growth and quality of the seaweed. Examples of the various additives used include sodium nitrate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, vitamin B12, and chelating agents.

"Function" The present invention selectively exterminates algae, bacteria, etc. attached to nori leaves and nori nets in a pH range that does not adversely affect the nori leaves from the bud stage to the adult leaf stage, and uses a pesticide. The treated solution adheres to treated nori leaves and nori nets, and even when diluted with seawater to a low concentration, it exerts an effect that does not promote the growth of algae and bacteria.

"Example" The present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Example 1 Fumaric acid monosodium salt at a concentration of 0.5% by weight (pH 3
, 4) was dissolved in seawater. The nori leaves and blue laver leaves to which diatoms and bacteria were attached were immersed in this disinfectant solution for 10 minutes to perform extermination treatment. The treated nori leaves and Aonori laver leaves were washed with sterilized seawater, and after observing dead cells, they were each transferred to a 300 mJ beaker containing 200 mj of artificial seawater ASP12. 15℃,
Culture was carried out at 5,000 Lx with a 42-hour light/dark cycle, and the adhesion status of dead cells, bacteria, and diatoms was observed every 5 days. The results are shown in Table-1.

Comparative Example-1 In Example-1, apple'tf! was used instead of fumaric acid monosodium salt! Example-1 except that 1 (pH 2, 4) was used.
It was treated in the same manner as in 1. The results are shown in Table-1.

Comparative Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that citric acid (pH 2, 3) was used instead of fumaric acid monosodium salt. The results are shown in Table-1.

Comparative Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that monosodium malate (pH 3,9) was used instead of monosodium fumarate. The results are shown in Table-1.

Comparative Example-4 The same procedure as in Example-1 was carried out except that monosodium citrate (pH 3, 4) was used instead of monosodium fumarate. The results are shown in Table-1.

Example-2 In Example-1, the concentration of fumaric acid monosodium salt was 0.
．． Example-1 except that a 2% by weight solution (pH 3, 4) was used
processed in the same way. The results are shown in Table-2.

Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that a 0.2% by weight solution of monopotassium fumarate was used instead of monosodium fumarate. The results are shown in Table-2.

Comparative Example-5 The same treatment as in Example-2 was carried out except that malic acid (pH 2,6> was used instead of fumaric acid monosodium salt in Example-2.) The results are shown in Table-2.

Example-4 Fumaric acid monosodium salt at a concentration of 0.4% by weight (pH 3
, 3> in seawater. Add 3 to this pesticide solution.
00 to 500 cells of Nori seedlings and 23 Nori adult leaves were each immersed for 5 to 60 minutes. Immediately after the treatment, the cells were washed with water, the condition of the nori cells was observed, and the relationship between the treatment time and the mortality rate of the nori cells was determined. The results are shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example-6 The same procedure as in Example-4 was carried out except that a 0.4% by weight fumaric acid solution (pH 2.2) was used instead of the fumaric acid monosodium salt solution. The results are shown in Table-3.

Example-5 The diatom Lykmophora abbrebiata was added to the pesticide solution of Example-4 at a concentration of 6000 Ce.
The glass plate to which 11S/cd was attached was immersed for 10 to 60 minutes.

After treatment, the cells were washed with seawater and stained with erythrosine, and the state of the cells was observed for 11 days to determine the relationship between treatment time and cell death rate. The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative Example 7 The pesticide solution of Comparative Example 6 was used and treated in the same manner as in Example 5. The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative Example-8 Comparative Example-6 was treated in the same manner as in Example-5, except that a fumaric acid disodium salt solution was used instead of the fumaric acid solution. The results are shown in Table 4.

Solid line example-6 Fumaric acid monosodium salt in seawater at a concentration of 0.2% by weight,
Glass plates with 4 to 7 cm of adult laver leaves and the diatom Cllindrotheca clostedan attached to the 0.5% and 1.0% by weight solutions were immersed for 10 minutes, respectively. After treatment, after washing with seawater, the nori was heated at 15℃, 5000Lx,
The cells were cultured for 1 day under a 12-hour light period, and immediately stained with erythrosine to measure the percentage of dead cells. The results are shown in Table-5.

Comparative Examples 9 to 10 The same procedure as in Example 6 was carried out except that monosodium malate and monosodium citrate were used instead of monosodium fumarate. Display the results -
5.

Example-7 February to March 1988 using fumaric acid monosodium salt
Towards the end of the month, at the nori float fishing ground in Shimomanguruma, Yamaguchi Prefecture,
After 10 days had passed since the frozen net was deployed, a test was conducted to exterminate young seaweed leaves growing in 4 to 7 alllls and diatoms attached to the net.

Number of treated nets: 30, water temperature: 12℃, concentration: 0.33 to 0.63
Weight %, pH 3.34-3.40. When the extermination treatment was carried out under conditions of dipping time of 5 to 8 minutes, the extermination rate of diatoms was 95%.
% or more, the condition of the vegetative cells of young nori leaves was extremely healthy, and no dead cells were observed.

Example-8 February to March 1988 using fumaric acid monosodium salt
Towards the end of the month, at the nori float fishing ground in Shimomanguruma, Yamaguchi Prefecture,
A test was conducted to exterminate diatoms attached to adult Nori leaves and Nori nets growing between 7 and 10 days old.

Number of treated nets: 14, water temperature: 11℃, concentration: 0.86 to 1.33
Weight %, pH 3°28-3.3. When the extermination treatment was carried out under conditions of immersion time of 7 to 9 minutes, the extermination rate of diatoms was 100.
%, the condition of the vegetative cells in the adult nori leaves was extremely healthy, and no dead cells were observed.

"Effects of the Invention" In Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, fumaric acid monosodium salt and fumaric acid monopotassium salt are organic carboxylic acids such as malic acid and citric acid, which are conventionally used as algaecides. Compared to organic carboxylates, malate monosodium salt and citrate monosodium salt have no adverse effect on nori leaves, are highly effective in exterminating algae and bacteria, and do not promote their subsequent growth. It was found to be more effective in killing algae and bacteria than salt.

In Example 4 and Comparative Example 6, fumaric acid monosodium salt was not found to be extremely safe for young Nori leaves and adult Nori leaves than fumaric acid.

In Example 5 and Comparative Examples 7 and 8, it was found that monosodium fumaric acid salt had the same pesticidal effect as fumaric acid, and had an extremely high pesticidal effect compared to disodium fumaric acid salt.

In Example 6 and Comparative Examples 9 and 10, it was found that fumaric acid monosodium salt had an extremely high diatom extermination rate compared to organic acid monosodium salt, and was equally safe against Nori adult leaves. .

In Examples 7 and 8, it was confirmed that fumaric acid monosodium salt is safe as a pesticide against young and adult leaves of Nori even in actual seaweed fishing areas, and has a high extermination rate as a pesticide against algae. .

In nori cultivation, algae and bacteria attached to nori leaves and nori nets are selectively exterminated, allowing the nori leaves to grow healthy from the bud stage to the adult leaf stage, and treated with pesticides. The liquid adheres to treated nori leaves and seaweed nets, and even if the treated liquid diluted with seawater becomes low in concentration, it does not promote the growth of algae and bacteria, and has no negative impact on marine environmental pollution or seafood. A pesticide was obtained that is effective in exterminating algae such as diatoms, Ulva, and Blue Nori, as well as bacteria.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An agent for killing algae and bacteria, which contains monosodium fumarate and/or monopotassium fumarate as an active ingredient.