JP2916403B2 - Method of controlling algae and bacteria for laver culture - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention selectively eliminates diatoms, blue seaweeds, blue seaweeds and bacteria attached to seaweed leaves and seaweed nets in seaweed cultivation, and has no adverse effects on seaweeds. The present invention relates to a method for efficiently controlling algae and bacteria such as diatoms, blue seaweeds and blue seaweeds without causing environmental pollution and adverse effects on fish and shellfish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In larval aquaculture, when algae such as diatoms, blue seaweed, and blue-green algae or bacteria adhere to the laver leaf body and laver net, the growth of the laver leaf body and the formation of monospores are obstructed or neglected. It causes the occurrence of wilt disease, pot disease and the like, and the deterioration of the quality of glue due to wilt disease. Algicides using organic carboxylic acids as active ingredients have been proposed for the purpose of removing algae and the like that hinder the cultivation of Nori. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-121425 discloses a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
An algicide characterized by containing one or more organic carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, glycolic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and citric acid as active ingredients Is disclosed.
In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-244245 discloses an algicidal method in which an object to be treated is immersed in a treatment solution in which a fumaric acid in a saturated amount or more is present. When treating with an algicide containing these organic carboxylic acids as an active ingredient, the pH is usually preferably in the range of 2-3. When the acid concentration is high, problems such as the death of the leaf body of the laver occur. In particular, during the processing of the Nori larva during the germination stage, in a low pH range, the Nori larvae die and the productivity deteriorates. For this reason, it is necessary to perform sufficient pH management. To solve this problem, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
In Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 0-244245, it is described that a fumaric acid-treated solution can be prepared using, for example, sodium fumarate during the embryonic stage. Thus, an algicide must be used depending on the growth of the laver at the germination stage and the leaf stage.

[0003]

Algaicides such as algae generally contain an active ingredient such as malic acid and citric acid in an amount of 0.03 to 0.03.
It is performed by a method of immersing in a treatment solution of 1% aqueous solution for 3 to 10 minutes. However, malic acid except fumaric acid and fumarate, organic carboxylic acid and organic carboxylate in ecological cycle system such as citric acid have a growth promoting effect of diatoms and bacteria at low concentration, and after algicidal treatment, The treated liquid adhering to the treated Nori leaf or Nori net becomes diluted to a low concentration in seawater and becomes a nutrient source for the growth of diatoms and bacteria. For this reason, the proliferation of the surrounding diatoms and bacteria becomes active, causing a vicious cycle in which the diatoms and bacteria adhere to the laver leaves again. In addition, algicides containing malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, and the like as active ingredients have a problem that, when the concentration is increased or the treatment time is prolonged, the glue leaves themselves die. Therefore, great effort is required to control the pH of the processing solution and the processing time.

[0004] The present inventors have the effect of selectively controlling alga and bacteria attached to the laver leaf and the laver net in a pH range where there is no adverse effect on the laver leaf from the embryo stage to the leaf stage. As a result of examining a method of controlling algae and bacteria that do not cause the growth promotion of diatoms and bacteria even when they are diluted with seawater and become low concentration, they adhere to the treated nori leaf body and nori net treated with the pesticide of the present invention. The method has been found to be very effective in controlling algae and bacteria.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to controlling seawater or water in which monosodium fumarate and / or monopotassium fumarate is dissolved as an active ingredient in a range of 0.05% by weight to saturated solubility. The present invention relates to a method for controlling algae and bacteria for laver culture, which comprises immersing a required laver leaf body or laver net.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Monosodium fumarate and / or monopotassium fumarate as an active ingredient are in the range of 0.05% by weight to saturated solubility in seawater or water, preferably in the range of 0.1% to 7% by weight. Dissolve and use. Also,
The pH of seawater or water in which the active ingredient is dissolved is preferably 3 to 4.5.

[0007] If the concentration of the active ingredient is less than 0.05% by weight, the control of algae and bacteria is insufficient, and if the concentration is higher than the saturation solubility, it is not economically preferable.

[0008] The immersion time of the laver leaf or the laver net as an object to be treated is preferably 1 to 60 minutes.

An emulsifier may be used in combination to improve the solubility and permeability of monosodium fumarate and / or monopotassium fumarate in seawater or water. In addition, various nutrients may be added to improve the growth and quality of the glue. Various additives used include sodium nitrate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, vitamin B12, and a chelating agent.

The method of the present invention selectively eliminates algae and bacteria attached to the Nori leaf and the Nori net in a pH range where the Nori leaf is not adversely affected from the germination stage to the leaf stage. The treatment liquid using the agent adheres to the treated glutinous leaf body and glutinous net and has an effect of not promoting the growth of algae and bacteria even when diluted with seawater to a low concentration.

[0011]

The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Monosodium fumarate was added at a concentration of 0.5% by weight (pH
Dissolved in seawater to 3.4). Nori leaves and Aonori leaves, to which diatoms and bacteria were attached, were immersed in this solution for 10 minutes to carry out extermination. The treated Nori leaves and Aonori leaves were washed with sterilized seawater to observe dead cells, and then transferred to 300 ml beakers containing 200 ml of artificial seawater ASP12. 15 ° C, 5
The cells were cultured in a light-dark cycle of 2,000 Lx for 12 hours, and the state of attachment of dead cells, bacteria, and diatoms was observed every 5 days. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that malic acid (pH 2.4) was used instead of fumaric acid monosodium salt. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that citric acid (pH 2.3) was used instead of fumaric acid monosodium salt. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that monosodium malate (pH 3.9) was used instead of monosodium fumarate. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 4 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that monosodium citrate (pH 3.4) was used instead of monosodium fumarate. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0015]

[Table 1]

Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that a 0.2% by weight solution of fumaric acid monosodium salt (pH 3.4) was used. Table 2 shows the results.

Example 3 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the monosodium fumarate was replaced by a 0.2% by weight solution of monopotassium fumarate. Table 2 shows the results.

Comparative Example 5 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that malic acid (pH 2.6) was used instead of fumaric acid monosodium salt. Table 2 shows the results.

[0019]

[Table 2]

Example 4 Monosodium fumarate was added at a concentration of 0.4% by weight (pH
It was dissolved in seawater to obtain 3.3). In this pesticide solution, 300 to 500 cells of glutinous germ and 2 cm of glutinous leaf were each immersed for 5 to 60 minutes. Immediately after the treatment, the cells were washed with water, the state of glue cells was observed, and the relationship between the treatment time and the mortality of glue cells was determined. Table 3 shows the results.

Comparative Example 6 The procedure of Example 4 was repeated, except that the fumaric acid monosodium salt solution was replaced by a 0.4% by weight fumaric acid solution (pH 2.2). Table 3 shows the results.

[0022]

[Table 3]

[0023] Example 5 Example 4 of pesticide solutions diatomaceous Rikumofora Aburebiata (Licmophora abbrebiata)
Was immersed for 10 to 60 minutes on the glass plate to which 6000 cells / cm ² adhered.

After the treatment, the cells were washed in seawater and stained with erythrosine, and the state of the cells was observed to determine the relationship between the treatment time and the cell mortality. Table 4 shows the results.

Comparative Example 7 The same treatment as in Example 5 was carried out using the pesticide solution of Comparative Example 6. Table 4 shows the results. Comparative Example 8 The procedure of Comparative Example 6 was repeated, except that a disodium fumarate solution was used instead of the fumaric acid solution. Table 4 shows the results.

[0026]

[Table 4]

Example 6 Monosodium fumarate was added to seawater at a concentration of 0.2% by weight.
In a solution dissolved to 0.5% by weight and 1.0% by weight, glutinous leaves 4 to 7 cm and a diatom Kirindrotheca closterium ( Cylindrotheca cl) were dissolved.
osterium ) was immersed in each for 10 minutes. After treatment and washing with seawater, glue is 1
The cells were cultured at 5 ° C., 5000 Lx for 12 hours in the light period of 12 hours, and the diatom Kirindroseka was immediately stained with erythrosin.
The dead cell rate was measured. Table 5 shows the results.

Comparative Examples 9 to 10 The procedure of Example 6 was repeated, except that monosodium malate and monosodium citrate were used instead of monosodium fumarate. Table 5 shows the results.

[0029]

[Table 5]

Example 7 Using fumaric acid monosodium salt from February 1988 to February 1988
Over the month, at the Nori floating fishing ground in Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture,
Ten days after the development of the frozen net, an extermination test was carried out on the Nori young leaves growing 4 to 7 cm and the diatoms attached to the Nori net.

30 treatment nets, water temperature 12 ° C, concentration 0.3
When the extermination treatment was performed under the conditions of 3 to 0.63% by weight, pH 3.34 to 3.40, and immersion time of 5 to 8 minutes, the vegetative cell state of the nori leaf was 95% or more at the diatom extermination rate of 95% or more. It was very healthy and no dead cells were found.

Example 8 Using fumaric acid monosodium salt from February 1988 to February 1988
Over the month, at the Nori floating fishing ground in Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture,
An extermination test was performed on diatoms adhering to the Nori leaf and the Nori net growing in 7 to 10 cm.

14 nets, water temperature 11 ° C, density 0.8
When extermination treatment was performed under the conditions of 6 to 1.33% by weight, pH 3.28 to 3.3, and immersion time of 7 to 9 minutes, the state of vegetative cells in the Nori adult leaves was extremely high with a diatom extermination rate of 100%. It was healthy and no dead cells were found.

[0034]

In Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, monosodium fumarate and monopotassium fumarate were used as the organic carboxylic acids malic acid and citric acid conventionally used as algicides. There is no adverse effect on the laver leaf compared to, high algae and bacteria control effect,
It was recognized that the subsequent growth was not promoted, and it was confirmed that the algae and bacteria were more effectively controlled against monosodium malate and monosodium citrate as the organic carboxylate.

In Example 4 and Comparative Example 6, it was confirmed that fumaric acid monosodium salt was extremely safer against fir-leaf and fir-leaf than fumaric acid.

In Example 5 and Comparative Examples 7 and 8, it was recognized that fumaric acid monosodium salt had an extermination effect equivalent to that of fumaric acid, and an extremely high extermination effect as compared with fumaric acid disodium salt.

In Example 6 and Comparative Examples 9 to 10,
Monosodium fumarate has an extremely high algae control rate as compared to monosodium salt of organic acid, and it is recognized that it is equally safe for glutinous leaves.

In Examples 7 and 8, the monosodium fumarate is safe as a pesticide against young Nori leaf and adult Nori leaves even in an actual Nori fishing ground, and has a high extermination rate as an algae pesticide. Admitted.

According to the method of the present invention, in the cultivation of Nori, the algae and bacteria attached to the Nori leaf and the Nori net are selectively controlled, and the leaves of the Nori from the germination stage to the adult stage are removed. It grows healthy, and the treatment solution using the pesticide adheres to the treated Nori leaf and Nori net, and does not cause the growth promoting effect of algae and bacteria even if the concentration of the treatment solution diluted with seawater becomes low. In addition, diatoms, blue-green algae, blue-green algae, algae and bacteria can be effectively controlled without adversely affecting the sea environment and fish and shellfish.

[0040]

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-279805 (JP, A) JP-A-60-244245 (JP, A) JP-A-50-94119 (JP, A) JP-A 48-48 58122 (JP, A) JP-A-50-121425 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01N 37/06 CA (STN) REGISTRY (STN) WPIDS (STN)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. 0.1% by weight of monosodium fumarate and / or monopotassium fumarate as an active ingredient
A method for controlling algae and bacteria for laver cultivation, characterized by immersing laver leaves or laver nets that need to be destroyed in seawater or water dissolved in the range of 5 % to 7% by weight .