JPH0127808B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the manufacture of a cooling device in which the containers have a double shell structure, and the containers having a refrigerant passage between the double shells are brought into contact with each other to form a ring shape. It is about the method.

For example, a blanket container (cooling container) in a fusion reactor has a
It is necessary to make the tapered rectangular cylindrical container body part into a double shell structure, and to provide a spiral refrigerant passage between the double shells. In other words, if a heat exchanger is provided around the outer circumference of the container, uniform and sufficient cooling of the container cannot be achieved.

A conceivable method for manufacturing the double-shelled container is, for example, a method in which an inner cylindrical body having a large number of grooves is fitted into an outer cylindrical body, and the two cylindrical bodies are joined between the grooves. However, since both cylindrical bodies form a larger container, it is not easy to fit the two cylindrical bodies in close contact with each other from the viewpoint of bending accuracy. In other words, it is not easy to join the two plates airtight between the grooves,
Therefore, there is a possibility that the body cannot be manufactured properly.

As a way to solve this problem, the inventor
A method of superimposing a plate material having a large number of groove-shaped refrigerant passages with another plate material, welding the two plate materials between the refrigerant passages to sufficiently airtightly join them, and bending this plywood body. First, it was invented. However, in order to improve cooling efficiency, it is necessary to provide the refrigerant passages at an angle, so it is necessary to join the curved plywood bodies to each other at the end portions of the refrigerant passages. Here, in order to join without blocking the refrigerant passage, it is necessary to weld from the inside and outside of the curved plywood body, resulting in poor welding efficiency.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the blanket containers 10 are formed into a ring shape with their bodies in contact with each other to constitute a cooling device C. The reason why the bodies are brought into contact with each other is to prevent the tapered rectangular cylindrical container 10 from deforming due to the pressure of the coolant heated inside the container 10. However, in the process of manufacturing each container 10,
Weld beads and the like occur on the outer surface of each container 10, making it difficult to bring each container 10 into contact with the body accurately.

This invention was made in view of the above points,
First, by polymerizing and joining a plate material having a large number of groove-shaped refrigerant passages with another plate material, and then bending the joined plywood body, both cylindrical bodies can be easily and properly joined. In addition, when the polymerized plywood bodies are butted against each other to form a cylinder, the end portions of the refrigerant passages in both plywood bodies are electron beam welded to each other, so that the body can be manufactured properly and efficiently. Manufacture of a cooling device that eliminates weld beads on the outer surface of the fuselage and allows accurate contact with the fuselage by using diffusion welding or electron beam welding from the inner plate when the plates are polymerized and joined as described above. The purpose is to provide a method.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, numeral 10 indicates a blanket container equipped with a body part 11 manufactured as required as described above. rectangular plate material 12,
12, groove-shaped refrigerant passages 13 are formed on one side of the plate materials 12, 12 as shown in FIGS. 2b and 3.
13 are arranged side by side in an inclined manner by cutting. Next, as shown in FIG. 2c, another plate material 14, 14 thinner than each plate material 12 is superimposed on each plate material 12, 12, so that each refrigerant passage 13, 1
After closing the opening on one side of 3, that is, forming the groove-shaped refrigerant passage 13 into a flow passage with a rectangular cross section, the overlapped plate members 12 and 14 are connected between each of the refrigerant passages 13 and 13 in FIG. The thin plate material 14 is joined airtightly by electron beam welding, and the refrigerant passage 13,
13 to prevent refrigerant leakage. In this case, the above-mentioned electron beam welding can suppress welding distortion to a low level, and
Since the process is applied from the side of the thin plate material 14 that will become the inner wall, the fused portion 15 will not be exposed to the outer surface 16 of the plate material 12 that will become the outer wall, so that the blanket containers 10 in FIG. 1 are brought into surface contact with each other. Appropriate surface contact can be achieved in some cases. In addition, the thin plate material 14
Electron beam welding becomes easier because welding is performed from the beginning. Note that diffusion bonding means can be used instead of this electron beam welding.

Next, as shown in Fig. 2d, after performing planar bevel processing on both end surfaces 18, 18 of the two plywood bodies 17, 17 obtained in the above process, as shown in Fig. 2e, The plywood bodies 17, 17 are butted against each other and bent into a U-shape with the refrigerant passage 13 facing inside so as to form a rectangular tube shape. Next, as shown in FIGS. 2f and 4, the two plywood bodies 17, 17 bent into a U-shape are butted against each other in the shape of a rectangular tube, and the ends of the two refrigerant passages 13, 13 located at the abutting portion 19 are Part 20, 20
With the two plywood bodies 17, 17 connected together, electron beam welding is applied to the abutting portion 19 of the two plywood bodies 17, 17 from the outer surface side of the plate material 12, which will become the outer wall.
17 are airtightly joined.

Here, the butt portion 19 of the plywood body 17
As shown in FIG. 3, the refrigerant passage 13 forms a hollow shape. Therefore, arc welding or the like is used as a method for welding the abutting portion 19 in FIG. 2F without blocking the refrigerant passage 13, since it is necessary to perform several layers of welding from the outer and inner surfaces. Therefore, the efficiency of welding work is poor. In contrast, in the present invention, since electron beam welding is adopted for welding the abutting portion 19, the refrigerant passage 13 is not obstructed, and the welding can be performed only from, for example, the outside of the plate material 12 in FIG. 2F. Arrow 21 in Figure 4
By performing welding in one pass in this direction, the abutted portions can be welded with sufficient melting.
Therefore, welding work is efficient. Moreover, since electron beam welding is used, welding distortion can be suppressed to a small level, so that the blanket container 1 shown in Fig. 1 can be
When a plurality of 0's are arranged in a ring shape so that they are in surface contact with each other, they can be properly brought into surface contact.

As described above, the rectangular cylindrical body part 11 having the spiral refrigerant passage 13 can be properly obtained, but in contrast to the above manufacturing method, the body part 11 is configured as shown in FIG. Inner cylindrical body 22 and outer cylindrical body 2
There is an idea that after forming 3 and 3 separately, both 22 and 23 are fitted together and joined. However, considering errors in processing accuracy, it is extremely difficult to make the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 23 come into close contact with each other, especially at the corner parts 24 and 25, leading to welding defects and refrigerant passages 13 and 13.
It may not be possible to block the gap along its entire length. In this regard, according to the above manufacturing method, the inner cylinder body 22
Since the outer cylindrical body 23 and the inner cylindrical body 23 are integrally formed, the inner cylindrical body 22 and the outer cylindrical body 23 can be brought into close contact with each other not only in the corner portions 24 and 25 but also in other parts.

After manufacturing the body part 11, the inner cylindrical body 22,
Bevel processing is performed on both the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder body 23.

As shown in FIG.
A dome 28 that closes the lower end is welded to the lower end of the outer cylindrical body 23, respectively. In this way, a blanket container 10 is obtained, which container 1
0 is loaded with lithium oxide 32L, stainless steel 32S, etc., and after this loading, the inner cylinder body 2
2. Each lid body 29 is attached to the upper end of the outer cylinder body 23,
30 are sequentially welded.

The blanket container 10 has tapered portions 34, 34 as shown in FIG. 1 by forming both end surfaces 18, 18 of the plywood body 17 into a tapered shape in the process shown in FIG. 2d. 34, 34
A plurality of blanket containers (not shown) are arranged in a ring shape as shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a tokamak-type fusion reactor using the blanket containers 10 arranged in a ring shape as described above. In this figure, a gas such as deuterium or tritium at extremely low pressure is confined in a space S surrounded by a ring-shaped blanket container 10. Reference numeral 50 denotes a magnetic coil, which uses a magnetic field to heat the gas to a high temperature of several million to tens of millions of degrees to maintain the space S in a plasma state, thereby causing a nuclear fusion reaction. Note that 51 is a heat insulating wall.

P is a circulation pump that supplies refrigerant (water, sodium, etc.) to the second supply header 54 via the first supply header 52 and the main pipe 53. This second supply header 54 is formed in an annular shape along the annular cavity S and communicates with the inlet nozzle 31 of FIG. 1 in each blanket container 10 via a branch pipe 55.

On the other hand, although the outlet nozzle 33 is not shown,
Similar to the supply side in FIG. 8 above, the waste is led out to the outside of the heat insulating wall 51 via the branch pipe, the second recovery header 56, the main pipe and the first recovery header.
It communicates with pump P.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned nuclear fusion reactor will be briefly explained.

The lithium oxide 32L in FIG. 1 generates heat by causing a nuclear reaction with neutrons generated from the fusion plasma in the space S in FIG. 8. In addition, the stainless steel 32S shown in FIG.
This absorption barrier prevents the neutrons from penetrating the stainless steel 32 and leaking to the outside, and attenuates the kinetic energy of the neutrons that hit the stainless steel 32, which also generates heat.

On the other hand, the refrigerant from the pump P shown in FIG. 13 and cools the wall of the inner cylinder 22. The refrigerant that has cooled the inner cylinder 22 enters the inner cylinder 22 through the refrigerant inflow hole 26 of the inner cylinder 22, cools the lithium oxide 32L and the stainless steel 32S, and raises the temperature. Thereafter, the refrigerant is led out from the outlet nozzle 33 and
It is collected by the pump P via the second collection header 56 shown in the figure. Note that before the heated refrigerant is recovered by the pump P, it is used as a heat source for power generation (not shown).

The basic system of the above-mentioned nuclear fusion reactor is described, for example, in the World Science Encyclopedia (published in 1977, publisher: Kodansha Co., Ltd.).

Although the refrigerant passage 13 was formed on the outer cylinder body 23 side by cutting, it can be similarly formed on the inner cylinder body 22, and as shown in FIG.
It can also be formed by joining to one side of 2a.
As shown in FIG. 6, the body part 11 consists of four plywood bodies 17.
It may be composed of

As described above, according to the present invention, since the polymerized plywood body is first bent, both the inner and outer plates of a large cylindrical container can be easily and airtightly joined, and each plywood body can be easily and airtightly joined. Since the abutting portions of the bodies are electron beam welded, the abutting portions can be sufficiently melted and joined in, for example, one pass without blocking the end portion of the refrigerant passage. Therefore, the body can be manufactured properly and efficiently. In addition, the two plates are joined between each refrigerant passage by diffusion welding or electron beam welding from the thin plate material that will become the inside of the body, allowing for proper surface contact when the cooling containers are brought into surface contact with each other. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a blanket container having a body manufactured in accordance with the present invention;
Figures 2a to 2f are manufacturing process diagrams of the fuselage;
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of joining of plate materials;
The figure is a partially cutaway front view showing a state in which the plywood bodies are butted together, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another example of forming a refrigerant passage, FIG. The figure is a partially cutaway schematic perspective view of a cooling device formed by body-contacting blanket containers, and FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a fusion reactor. 10... Cooling container (blanket container), 11
... Body part, 12, 14 ... Plate material, 13 ... Refrigerant passage, 17 ... Plywood body, 19 ... Butt part,
20... terminal section, 27, 28... dome, 29,
30...Lid body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A process of arranging a large number of groove-shaped refrigerant passages in parallel on one side of each plate material in an inclined manner, and superimposing another plate material thinner than each plate material on each of the above-mentioned plate materials, thereby forming one side of the above-mentioned refrigerant passages. After closing the open portion, the two overlapping plates are airtightly joined between the respective refrigerant passages by diffusion welding or electron beam welding from the thin plates to form an integrated plywood body; a step of abutting the plywood bodies with each other with the board material on the inside and bending them into a tapered rectangular tube shape; and a step of abutting each of the bent plywood bodies against each other in a cylindrical shape and positioning at the abutted portions. With the ends of the refrigerant passages connected, the butt portions of each plywood body are airtightly joined by electron beam welding to form a body, and a pair of domes and domes are attached to both upper and lower ends of the body. A method for manufacturing a cooling device, comprising the steps of welding a lid to form a cooling container, and bringing the cooling container into body contact with an adjacent cooling container to form a ring-shaped cooling device.