JPH01269862A - Geotherm exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain geotherm exchanger which can be easily used effectively at a deep underground layer and has high efficiency and high capability, by a construction wherein a liquefied gas is circulated with decompression in a forced heat intake pipe, is naturally circulated in a natural heat intake pipe, and is circulated with pressurization in a heat radiating pipe. CONSTITUTION:A first pipe 1-4, a natural heat intake pipe 5-7 or a liquid-receiving natural heat intake pipe 8 and a second pipe 9-11 are inserted in bored holes BH under the ground, and a liquefied gas is circulated in the pipes. The forced heat intake pipe 1-4 is used for taking in heat by power, and is in a heat-exchanging relationship with the natural heat intake pipe 5-7, 8 to constitute a forced circulating pipe system comprising a compressor. The forward and backward pipe 1-4 can reduce a frictional pressure loss, more as a pipe part thereof for circulation with decompression is greater in diameter and shorter. Therefore, when natural heat intake is carried out at an upper part by the natural heat intake pipe 5-7 and the liquid-receiving natural heat intake pipe 8, the power required can be saved, and a device can be made smaller. The second pipe 9-11 is a forward and backward pipe for heat radiation in the depth under the ground, and in many cases, the liquefied gas in the pipe is introduced as a high-temperature high pressure vapor. When the vapor is converted into a liquid through releasing the heat of condensation at a position near the surface of the ground, a weight balance of the liquid liquefied gas can be obtained, and circulation with pressurization can be performed easily.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Technical Field) The present invention is directed to a geothermal system that enables easy and effective use of deep underground areas in order to fully utilize geothermal heat, the vast heat capacity and constant temperature of the earth, and the heat retention ability of the earth. The present invention proposes a heat exchange device, and relates to an underground heat exchange device for, for example, hot water supply, heating, cooling, and refrigeration.

(Prior art and its problems) The temperature deep underground is almost unaffected by air temperature and is stable throughout the seasons, becoming constant at about 6 to 7 meters underground and gradually rising in shallower layers. In deeper layers, it increases further due to geothermal heat from within. The temperature of the surface layer of the earth fluctuates with changes in air temperature, but there are places in shallow layers several tens of meters underground that are higher in winter than in summer, contrary to the temperature. This is because the earth conducts heat very slowly, and is due to the huge heat capacity of the earth and the earth's ability to retain heat. That is, when the surface layer of the earth is heated during the summer, the shallow layer is gradually warmed over the winter, and when the surface layer is cooled during the winter, the shallow layer is also gradually cooled over the summer. Due to this time lag in heat conduction, it is higher in winter than in summer. Also, heat deep underground gathers no matter how much heat you take away. This is due to the constant temperature of the earth, which has a huge heat capacity that stores solar heat and geothermal heat, and the earth's ability to retain heat. There is groundwater underground, and groundwater increases the heat capacity of the ground and facilitates rapid heat exchange.

However, even if conventional technology were to be utilized deep underground, the frictional pressure loss due to circulation of the heat exchange medium was large and excessive power was required, resulting in a significant drop in efficiency and the pipes becoming thicker. The holes become larger, the device becomes larger, and the installation work becomes more extensive. As a result, underground heat exchange equipment that can penetrate deep into the earth and utilize the rich capabilities of nature has not been realized, without cost savings.

(Objective of the Invention) The present invention solves the conventional problems and provides a highly efficient and large-capacity underground heat exchange device that can be easily and effectively used deep underground. The aim is to make full use of the abundant heat resources available in Japan.

(Summary of the Invention) In order to achieve this objective, the present invention does not target the surface layer of the earth, where the soil temperature fluctuates with changes in air temperature, but targets the shallow to deep layers approximately 6 to 7 meters deep underground. shall be. Therefore, the depth that this device can reach ranges from several tens of meters underground to several thousand meters or more. The present invention separates the heat collection cycle and the heat release cycle as a method to effectively utilize the depths of the earth.
The heat collection cycle is equipped with a first pipe that carries heat from the bottom to the top free of charge, no matter how deep it is. This is a heat collecting tube that automatically operates based on temperature differences and naturally circulates liquefied gas, requiring no running costs.

Therefore, heat collection using power can always be done from the top, making it possible to place forced heat collection pipes above ground.
Frictional pressure loss inside the tube is small, and a large amount of heat can be efficiently exchanged with a thin tube. In addition, in the heat dissipation cycle, a second pipe is installed together with the above-mentioned heat collection cycle, and the high temperature and high pressure steam can be cooled and liquefied at the upper part of the forced heat collection pipe, etc., so the specific weight increases at the upper part, and the circulation speed decreases and the liquid liquefies at the upper part. The weight balance of the gas is achieved, and heat can be efficiently dissipated deep into the earth with a small amount of pressure.The volume is reduced in the upper part, so a large amount of heat can be exchanged with a thin tube.

If the lubricating oil that separates and accumulates at the bottom of the tube due to depressurization does not circulate within the forced heat collection tube, it is possible to reduce pressure loss by roughly shortening the forced heat collection tube by using a liquid receiving natural heat collection tube. can.

Another feature of the present invention is that the outgoing tube of the forced heat collection tube is a constricted tube, and the liquefied gas in the outgoing tube is circulated as a liquid to make the outgoing tube a thin tube. Further, a liquid retention heat transfer body is provided in the heat exchange portion of the first tube to appropriately retain an appropriate amount of liquid liquefied gas so that heat dissipation condensation and endothermic evaporation are performed efficiently.

In particular, liquid receiving natural heat collection pipes not only function as natural heat collection pipes, but also serve as liquid receivers, separating liquid and steam, preventing excess liquid from clogging the pipes, and preventing steam from clogging the pipes. In addition to ensuring smooth flow is not disturbed, the amount of liquefied gas circulating within the device is automatically adjusted to facilitate startup and high-speed operation of the device.

As described above, the present invention utilizes simple boring to reduce pressure loss in the pipeline, save power, and enable high-speed heat exchange with high efficiency, regardless of the depth. To provide a geothermal heat exchange device that can easily reach deep underground by making the tubes that make up the device thinner so that the device can easily withstand high pressure and can be easily bent.

The present invention not only uses geothermal heat directly, but also uses solar heat, heat obtained from water or the atmosphere, or heat obtained from air conditioning and refrigeration for hot water supply and space heating, and stores excess heat underground. This is an underground heat exchange device that uses that heat to supply hot water and space heating. The heat used for hot water supply and space heating is dissipated into wastewater, the atmosphere, and returned underground. This kind of heat only circulates, and no matter is consumed.

Traditionally, we have used heat to cool things down, and heat to beat the heat. On the other hand, fuel is consumed to boil water,
We have been consuming fuel to survive the cold. The fact that we are wasting heat in this way teaches us a new need. Here, the present invention takes advantage of the heat retention properties of the earth, uses the underground as a large heat storage body to adjust the excess or deficiency of heat, or directly utilizes geothermal heat to utilize the inexhaustible heat resources available. This paper proposes a geothermal heat exchange device that utilizes the ground heat exchange system.

(Explanation of Examples) The invention will now be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

In the present invention, the "surface layer" refers to the range where the soil temperature fluctuates with changes in air temperature, the "shallow layer" refers to the area where heat can be collected using only power, and the "deep layer" refers to the area where the soil temperature changes due to the natural circulation of liquefied gas. This refers to the range in which heat can be collected while minimizing frictional pressure loss in the road.

1, 8, 9, 10, 14, and 15 each show an embodiment of the present invention, and the forced heat collection tube in FIG. 15 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 2 to 7 and 11 to 13 are cross-sectional views of the main parts thereof.

In the figure, first pipes 1 to 8 natural heat collection pipes 5 to 7 or liquid receiving natural heat collection pipes 8, and second pipes 9 to 11 are inserted into underground boring holes BH, and liquefied gas flows through the pipes. is circulated. The liquefied gases used are ammonia and fluorocarbons, which decompose in the air and do not react with ozone. A backfilling material 12 such as sand or gravel is filled around these pipes to facilitate the movement of groundwater and increase the heat exchange efficiency of this device. This prevents the pipe from floating up due to the buoyancy of groundwater.

These tubes do not necessarily have to be inserted into the same borehole, but only need to be positioned so that they can exchange heat with each other.

In FIGS. 1, 8, 9, 10, 14, and 15, forced heat collection tubes 1 to 4 are tubes that collect heat by power, and natural heat collection tubes 5 to 7, It is in a heat exchange relationship with 8 and forms a forced circulation piping system including a compressor.

In the reciprocating pipes 1 to 4, the thicker and shorter the part of the pipe that circulates under reduced pressure can reduce the frictional pressure loss. Therefore, the natural heat collection pipes 5 to 7 and the liquid receiving natural heat collection pipe 8 (from
By collecting natural heat as much as possible from the top, power can be saved and the device can be made more compact.

If the outgoing pipe 4 in Figs. 1, 8, 9, 14, and 15 or the outgoing pipe 1°2 in Fig. 10 is a constricted pipe,
Since the liquefied gas inside the pipe can be circulated as a liquid, the device can be further downsized.

If the liquefied gas circulating in the forced heat collection tubes 1 to 4 contains lubricating oil and this lubricating oil is diverted and retained at the bottom of the tube due to pressure reduction, Figs. 1, 9, and 15. As shown in the upper row, forced heat collection tubes 1 to 4 without liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8 are used. In this case, forced circulation is used to exchange heat with the heat storage part of the river, the natural heat collection pipe 5, and the second pipe 10, so forced heat collection pipes 1 to 4 of sufficient length are required. , FIG. 10, FIG. 14, and FIG. 15, in the example shown in the lower part of FIG.
can be shortened.

In FIGS. 1, 8, 9, 10, 14, and 15, non-heat exchanging tubes 1 and 4 are heat-insulating tubes that prevent the influence of heat from outside the device. So, cladding is used. Examples are shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 19 is a vertical cross-sectional view. tube 1
9 is made of a flexible pipe that is not affected by liquefied gas, and the insulation material 20
A multilayer foamed polypropylene or the like is used for the covering material 21, and a material that is not eroded by groundwater is used for the covering material 21.

If the tube constituting this device is a flexible tube that can be easily bent, the long tube can be coiled and handled, making transportation and installation easier.

In Figures 1, 8, and 9, forced heat collection tubes 1 to
4, the outer surface of the outgoing pipe 2 in the heat exchange section.

A surface area increasing heat transfer body is provided on the outer and inner surfaces of the return pipe 3 to increase the heat transfer area and improve the heat exchange efficiency. In particular, a liquid retention heat transfer body with an increased surface area is installed on the inner surface of the outgoing tube 2, which is an evaporation tube, and an appropriate amount of liquid liquefied gas is retained in the inner surface of the outgoing tube 2, which allows for easy evaporation heat to be obtained and endothermic evaporation. This makes it easy to remove vapor and supply liquid liquefied gas continuously. Examples of such tubes are shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of this tube, and FIG. 21 is an L-longitudinal cross-sectional view. The pipe 22 is made of a flexible material that is not corroded by liquefied gas or groundwater and has high thermal conductivity. This has protrusions 23 on the outer surface with a large surface area, and protrusions 24 on the inner surface not only have a large surface area, but also allow the liquefied gas to flow easily when used for straight pipes, and when used for spiral pipes. , liquid tends to stagnate.

As shown in Figs. 1, 8, and 9, if the outgoing pipe 2 of the heat exchange section is a spiral pipe, the whole will have a constant gentle slope, which will not only make it easier for the liquid to accumulate, but also make it possible to maintain the same depth. Even with a small device, the heat transfer area can be increased. Furthermore, since the device can be easily bent, transportation and installation are simplified.

Roughly speaking, this spiral pipe 2 is a return pipe 3. It encloses the natural heat collecting pipe 5 and the second pipe 10, so that heat exchange with these pipes is effectively performed, and the liquefied gas flowing in the return pipe 3 can be easily superheated.

In FIG. 8, FIG. 10, FIG. 14, and the lower part of FIG.
This liquid receiving natural heat collection pipe 8 is the surrounding heat storage part, the second pipe 10
Since heat is collected from the natural heat collection pipe 5, the forced circulation pipe can be shortened and frictional pressure loss can be reduced. In addition, when forced circulation inside the reciprocating tubes 1 to 4, the liquid and steam are separated at the upper part of the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8, and the flow of steam is performed smoothly, and the amount of liquefied gas circulated is automatically adjusted. This makes it easy to start up and operate the device at high speed.

When forced circulation is not performed in reciprocating pipes 1 to 4, reciprocating pipes 1 to 4
The liquefied gas naturally circulates and collects heat in the synthetic heat collecting tube where 4 and the liquid receiving natural heat collecting tube 8 are combined, but when performing forced circulation, the pressure inside the synthetic heat collecting tube is reduced, so the temperature is lower. Heat is collected through forced circulation and natural circulation. That is, when a liquefied gas with a liquid is depressurized, both the liquid and the vapor reach the temperature when the saturated vapor pressure of the liquefied gas is equal to the reduced pressure.

Examples of the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8 shown in Fig. 8 are shown in Figs. 23 and 24.
As shown in the figure. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of M in FIG. 22 showing the lower part of the synthetic heat collecting tube, and FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of N in FIG. 23. 23 and 24, the outlet 25 of the outgoing pipe 2 of the forced heat collecting pipe and the inlet 26 of the returning pipe 3 are in communication with the upper part of the natural heat collecting pipe 8. On the outer surface is a surface area increasing heat transfer body 27. The inner surface has a liquid retention heat transfer body 28 with an increased surface area. The liquid retention heat transfer body 28 at the bottom of the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8 is for Uli, but the liquid retention heat transfer body 28 at the top is used for boiling as the liquefied gas is depressurized during forced circulation operation, and the operation is stopped. Inside, liquefied gas naturally circulates and is used for condensation. The condensing type is designed to prevent the condensed liquefied gas from accumulating due to surface tension, and the stagnant liquid liquefied gas breaks the surface tension and is guided away continuously, while the boiling type is designed to prevent the liquefied gas from accumulating due to the surface tension. It becomes easier to warm up,
The removal of vapor and the supply of liquid liquefied gas are performed continuously.

In FIGS. 10 and 14, outgoing pipes 1 and 2 are tubes that exchange heat with respect to the inside of the apparatus, and are throttle pipes. This may be a spiral pipe or a straight pipe. The outgoing pipe 1.2 cools the liquid inside the pipe while heating the liquefied gas in the returning pipes 3 and 4. The return pipe 3 and liquid receiving natural heat collection pipe 8 in the heat exchange section are corrugated pipes with increased surface area and are used to retain liquid. This is a flexible pipe with high thermal conductivity that is not affected by liquefied gas or groundwater. The return pipe 3 serves as an evaporation pipe and a superheating pipe when the liquefied gas is being forcedly circulated, and serves as a condensing pipe when the liquefied gas is not being forcedly circulated. If there is no liquid receiving natural heat collecting tube 8, an independent natural heat collecting tube 5 is required.

In FIG. 15, the outgoing pipe 2 of the heat exchange section. The return pipe 3 and liquid receiving natural heat collecting pipe 8 of the heat exchange section exchange heat with the inside of the device, but do not exchange heat with the outside of the device. but,
Outbound pipe 2. When the return pipe 3 and the liquid receiving natural heat collection pipe 8 are surrounded by a heat storage part, heat is also exchanged with the outside of the device.

The liquefied gas is circulated under forced pressure in the reciprocating pipes 2 and 3 in FIG. After rotating, the water passes through the return pipe 3 and flows out from the return pipe 4. Then, by stirring the liquefied gas, the mixed lubricating oil is prevented from being fractionated and retained. The centrifugal force of this rotation causes the liquefied gas to rotate along the wall of the reciprocating tube 2.3, which is a corrugated tube. At this time, the finer parts of the corrugated tubes 2 and 3 are scattered [
The protrusions 15 form, and the liquid soybean gas is dispersed into the natural heat collection tube 5 at the center. Moreover, due to this centrifugal force, the pressure on the outside of the rotating liquefied gas becomes high and the pressure on the inside becomes low, promoting the evaporation of the liquid liquefied gas dispersed in the natural heat collection tube 5 at the center.

The cycle of the liquefied gas in the forced heat collection tubes 1 to 4 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1, 9, and the upper part of FIG. 15. The liquefied gas is forced to circulate through the forced heat collection tubes 1 to 4 under reduced pressure. The liquefied gas in the outgoing pipe 2 and the returning pipe 3 is sucked, the pressure inside the pipe is reduced, and the liquid liquefied gas in the outgoing pipe 1, which is a throttle pipe, absorbs the heat of vaporization in the outgoing pipe 2 and evaporates, reducing the pressure. It is superheated in the lower return pipe 3 and exits. At first, liquefied gas is a wet vapor mixture of liquid and vapor, but if it is overheated during the process, it becomes dry vapor and then becomes superheated vapor. Here, the circulation speed in the pipe is set to 4 m/sec or more for horizontal pipes and 8 m/sec for vertical pipes.
If it is more than e, the lubricating oil can be circulated together with the liquefied gas.

The cycle of the liquefied gas in the synthetic heat collecting tubes 1 to 4.8 will be explained in the lower rows of FIGS. 8, 10, 14 and 15. The liquefied gas is circulated under reduced pressure and naturally circulated within the synthetic heat collection tubes 1 to 4 and 8. When this device is operated, it performs depressurized circulation and natural circulation, and when it is stopped, only natural circulation occurs. In depressurized circulation, when the liquefied gas is sucked and the pressure inside the tube is reduced, the liquefied gas in the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8 and the liquid liquefied gas freely falling from the throttle tube take away the heat of vaporization and evaporate. , and exits as superheated steam. At this time, the excess liquid liquefied gas accumulates at the lower part of the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8.

In natural circulation, when the temperature of the upper part of the synthetic heat collecting tubes 1 to 4.8 becomes lower than that of the lower part, the synthetic heat collecting tubes 1 to 4.8 continue to circulate naturally and collect heat for free. That is, the liquid liquefied gas is stored in the lower part of the liquid receiving natural heat collection pipe 8, and the other parts of the synthetic heat collection pipes 1 to 4.8 are as follows.
If a temperature difference occurs in an area filled with saturated vapor of liquefied gas, where the liquefied gas is a liquid, natural circulation occurs due to convection, but if a temperature difference occurs in an area where the liquefied gas is a saturated vapor, The saturated steam condenses in the lower temperature part at the top, releases the heat of condensation and becomes a liquid liquefied gas, falling freely: If there is a high temperature part on the way down, it is warmed there and takes away the heat of vaporization, It evaporates to the saturated vapor pressure at that temperature. In this way, natural circulation transports heat from the bottom to the top.

In FIGS. 1, 8, 9, and 15, the natural heat collection tubes 5 to 7 are tubes with heat exchange properties at least in the lower part, and are closed tubes as a whole, and the liquefied gas is not allowed to pass through the tubes. It is a sealed tube, and it can be a single tube or a counting tube. Natural heat collection tube 5~
7, when the temperature of the upper part becomes lower than the temperature of the lower part, the liquefied gas sealed in the tube naturally circulates and carries heat to either the lower part or the upper part of 15. As shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 15, heat dissipation in the middle can be prevented by using a non-heat exchanging tube 6 between the natural heat collecting tubes 5 to 7. In particular, if a non-heat exchangeable enclosing tube 7 as shown in FIG. 8 is provided,
After installing the natural heat collecting pipes 5 to 7, an appropriate liquefied gas can be sealed depending on the underground temperature, and the temperature difference at the upper part of the natural heat collecting pipes 5 to 7 and the type of liquefied gas can be filled. The amount of sealed liquefied gas can be adjusted to achieve maximum capacity.

Regarding the heat exchange parts of natural heat collecting pipes 5 to 7, Fig. 1 and Fig. 8
In the case of Fig. 9 and Fig. 9, the heat transfer tube has a surface area increasing heat transfer body on its outer surface, a liquid staying heat transfer body for boiling on the inner surface at the lower part, and a liquid staying heat transfer body for condensing on the upper part. In the case of Figure 15, there is a liquid retention heat transfer element for boiling on the upper outer surface. An example of such a tube is shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 17 is a J-longitudinal cross-sectional view. In these figures, the heat transfer tube 16 is a flexible tube with high thermal conductivity that is not attacked by liquefied gas or underground water, and the surface area increasing heat transfer body 17 is a protrusion that has a large heat transfer area and is easy to conduct heat. The liquid retention heat transfer body 18 is a protrusion that easily transmits heat so that vaporization heat and condensation heat can be exchanged easily. Note that the liquid retention heat transfer body for condensing and boiling has the same structure as that of the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8.

As shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Fig. 15, the natural heat collecting pipe 5
When the middle part of 7 is a non-heat exchangeable tube, a reinstated tube is used, an example of which is shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. This has the same structure as the non-heat exchange tubes 1 and 4.

As mentioned above, when a temperature difference occurs between the upper and lower portions of the natural heat collection tubes 5 to 7, that is, when the temperature at the upper portion becomes lower than the temperature at the lower portion, the liquefied gas sealed in the tubes circulates naturally and continues to collect heat for free. This is forced heat collection tube 1-4. Even when the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8 and the second tubes 9 to 11 are not in operation, they operate independently and continue to operate as long as there is a temperature difference between the upper and lower sides.

The cycle of liquefied gas in the natural heat collection pipes 5 to 7 will be explained.

The natural heat collecting tubes 5 to 7 are filled with an appropriate amount of liquefied gas.
However, the lower part is filled with liquid liquefied gas, and the upper part is filled with saturated vapor of liquefied gas. First, when a temperature difference occurs in the range where the liquefied gas is in a liquid state, the higher temperature liquefied gas moves upward due to stagnation, and the lower temperature liquid liquefied gas moves downward, resulting in natural circulation. Next, when a temperature difference occurs in the range where the liquefied gas is saturated vapor, the saturated vapor of the sealed liquefied gas condenses in the lower temperature area at the top, releases the heat of condensation, and becomes free liquefied gas. Fall. If this free-falling liquid liquefied gas encounters a high-temperature area along the way, it is warmed there, absorbs the heat of vaporization, and evaporates to the saturated vapor pressure at that temperature. As a result, the natural heat collection tubes 5 to 7 are constantly filled with liquefied gas at the saturated vapor pressure in the hottest part of the tube. In this way, the enclosed liquefied gas operates automatically, absorbing the heat of vaporization and releasing the heat of condensation, while naturally circulating and transporting heat from the bottom to the top. This vertical difference continues to be carried free of charge, even if the distance is thousands of meters. The factors that determine the capacity of the natural heat collecting tubes 5 to 7 are the temperature difference between the upper and lower sides, the material and size of the tube, the material and structure of the heat transfer body inside and outside the tube, and the type and amount of the liquefied gas enclosed.

In FIGS. 1, 8, 9, 10, 14, and 15, second pipes 9 to 11 are reciprocating pipes that radiate heat deep underground. The outgoing pipe 9, which does not have heat exchange properties with respect to the outside of the device, may be a pipe with heat exchange properties with respect to the inside of the device. In this example, the outgoing pipe 9 includes a non-heat exchange pipe 11, and
The reinstated tube shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 is used.

The heat exchange pipe 10 is a flexible pipe with high thermal conductivity that is not attacked by liquefied gas or ground water, and has a surface area increasing heat transfer member on its outer surface. When the natural heat collection pipes 5 to 7 and the liquid receiving natural heat collection pipe 8 reach deep underground, the deepest parts of the second pipes 9 to 11 are located midway as shown in Figs. It will be turned around.

In this example, the liquefied gas in the second pipe often flows in the form of high-temperature, high-pressure steam, but when the heat of condensation is released as close to the ground as possible and the state changes from gas to liquid, the amount of liquid liquefied gas Balance is achieved and pressurized circulation is facilitated.

1, 8, 9, 2, 10, 14 and 15, the cycle of the liquefied gas in the second pipes 9 to 11 will be explained. As mentioned above, when the liquefied gas flows in as high-temperature, high-pressure steam, when it enters the heat exchange pipe 10, the heat of the surrounding heat storage body is collected by the first pipe, resulting in a lower temperature. Therefore, it releases the heat of condensation and becomes a liquid liquefied gas. For this reason, the specific weight of the liquefied gas increases,
The circulation speed is reduced to reduce frictional pressure loss in the pipeline, and the weight balance of the liquid liquefied gas in the outgoing and returning pipes allows the gas to circulate with a slight overpressure. The temperature of this condensed liquid liquefied gas gradually decreases as it circulates within the heat exchange pipe 10, and heat is radiated into the ground, which has a huge heat capacity, reaching the temperature of the ground. The liquid liquefied gas, which has reached the underground temperature, adiabatically passes through the non-heat exchangeable pipe 11 and flows out. This outflow pressure is slightly lower than when it enters the apparatus due to the difference in the ratio Ul of the liquefied gas in the outgoing pipe and the incoming pipe 8 and the frictional resistance that the circulating liquefied gas receives from the pipe wall.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the heat storage body 13 is provided on the upper part.
is surrounded by a heat insulating layer 14. In this way, if the heat storage body including the forced heat collection tubes 4 to 4 is provided as high as possible, the frictional pressure loss of the forced circulation pipe can be reduced accordingly, so that power can be saved. Also, the 15th
In the figure, forced heat collection tubes 1 to 4 can also be provided inside the heat storage body.

FIG. 25 is an example of a control system using the device of the present invention. The device of the present invention is connected to a hot water supply, heating, cooling, and refrigeration cycle, and is also connected to a solar heat, atmospheric heat, and underwater heat collection cycle.

In FIG. 25, 29 and 30 of the natural circulation pipe system are cycles dedicated to heating, and a heat collecting coil 31 is connected to the circulation system.
．． It includes a radiator 32 and a regulating valve 33.

34.35.36.37 and 3 of the first forced circulation pipeline system
8 is a cooling/freezing cycle, which is a cycle that collects solar heat, atmospheric heat, and underwater heat.

This circulation system includes a compressor 39. Hot water coil 40. Heating coil 412, device of the present invention, safety valve 42. Filter 43, heat exchanger 44. Dryer 45. Air enemy 46° adjustment valve 47. Expansion valve 48. It includes a cooling/heat collector 49 and a heat exchanger 44, and uses this heat for hot water supply and space heating, and stores the excess heat underground.

34.35, 50.51° and 38 of the second forced circulation pipe system are cycles for collecting geothermal heat and heat storage underground,
Compressor 39 in the circulation system. Hot water supply coil 40, heating coil 41
2. Device of the present invention, safety valve 42° filter 43. heat exchanger 44
．． Dryer 45. Air handling 46, regulating valve 52. Expansion valve 53.
Receiver 54. Regulating valve 552 includes the device of the present invention, regulating valve 6, and heat exchanger 44, and supplies hot water and space heating using underground heat.

By automatically or manually operating the regulating valves 47, 52, 55 and 56, the first forced circulation line system and the second forced circulation line system can be operated in parallel.

The water flows from the water supply pipe 57 to the hot water supply pipe 59 via the hot water tank 58. This path includes a check valve 60 and a safety valve 61, and the hot water tank 58 has a lower part as a hot water tank for heating and an upper part as a hot water tank for hot water supply.

The arrows in FIG. 25 indicate the flow of liquefied gas during operation. The liquefied gas cycle will be explained for each circulation pipe system.

The cycle of the natural circulation pipe system is a heating-only cycle, and when the regulating valve 33 is opened, the liquid liquefied gas accumulated in the pipe 29 absorbs the heat of vaporization by the heat collecting coil 31 in the heating hot water tank and evaporates. , flows through the pipe 30 by natural circulation, releases condensation heat in the radiator 32, becomes a liquid liquefied gas, and flows through the pipe 2 by natural circulation.
Free fall within 9. This released condensation heat is used for heating.

A number of heat radiators 32 can be provided in parallel.

The cycle of the first forced circulation pipe system is a cycle that performs cooling and freezing, and is also a cycle that collects solar heat, atmospheric heat, and underwater heat.At the same time, this heat is used for hot water supply and space heating, and the surplus heat is This is a cycle in which water is stored underground.

The hot water tank 58 is prepared to be supplied with drinking water and to produce hot water. Here, when the regulating valve 52 is closed and the regulating valves 47, 55 and 56 are opened appropriately, and the compressor 39 is operated, the liquefied gas in the liquid receiver 54 and the forced heat collection pipes 1 to 4 is absorbed by the underground heat. The liquefied gas is sucked into the compressor 39, adiabatically compressed, and accumulated in the pipe line from the compressor 39 to the expansion valve 48. When it runs out, the control valves 55 and 56 are closed and the operation is started.

When operating in this state, the high-temperature, high-pressure liquefied gas vapor adiabatically compressed by the compressor 39 releases condensation heat in the hot water supply coil 40 and further releases condensation heat in the heating coil 41.

Hot water is produced by this heat of condensation, and at this time, the liquefied gas reaches the temperature of the hot water tank 58 and enters the device of the present invention, and the heat of the liquefied gas is radiated underground by the device of the present invention and stored underground. At the same time, it becomes a liquid liquefied gas at underground temperature and exits the device of the present invention. The liquid liquefied gas, which has reached the underground temperature, undergoes heat exchange through a heat exchanger 44, is supercooled, and
It reaches the expansion valve 48 as a liquid liquefied gas with a further lower temperature. Safety valve on the way 42. Filter 43. The dryer 45 and air post 46 prevent abnormally high pressure in the system and prevent foreign matter and
Removes moisture and air.

The liquid liquefied gas adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve 48 absorbs vaporization heat in the cooling/collector 49 and evaporates, becomes superheated vapor in the heat exchanger 44, and is sucked into the compressor 39. At this time, the cooling/heat collector 4 not only provides cooling/freezing effects, but also collects solar heat, atmospheric heat, and underwater heat. Similar to the heat radiator 32, a number of cooling/heat collectors 49 can be provided in parallel.

When the temperature of the upper hot water tank for hot water supply of the hot water tank 58 becomes sufficiently high, the liquefied gas passes through the hot water supply coil 40 as high-temperature, high-pressure steam, and releases condensation heat in the heating coil in the lower hot water tank for heating. It becomes like this. However, when the temperature of this heating hot water tank becomes high enough, the liquefied gas becomes
Until the device of the present invention, high-temperature, high-pressure steam is produced. In this way, when the pipeline from the compressor 39 to the device of the present invention is filled with high-temperature, high-pressure steam, the volume of the liquefied gas increases and there is a surplus of liquefied gas, so when the regulating valve 52 is opened automatically or manually, The remaining liquid liquefied gas is stored in the liquid receiver 54.

The cycle of the second forced circulation pipe system is a cycle in which hot water supply and space heating are performed using underground heat, and can also be operated in parallel with the cycle of the first forced circulation circuit system.

The hot water tank 58 is prepared to be supplied with drinking water and to produce hot water. When the compressor 39 is operated by closing the regulating valve 47, fully opening the regulating valve 56, and opening the regulating valves 52 and 55 moderately, the liquefied gas in the liquid receiver 54 and the forced heat collection pipes 1 to 4 is It evaporates due to underground heat, is sucked into the compressor 39, is adiabatically compressed, and accumulates in the pipe line from the compressor 39 to the expansion valve 53.

In this state, the regulating valves 52 and 55 are automatically or manually operated.
When the system is adjusted and operated, hot water is produced and the liquid liquefied gas is supercooled in the same cycle as the first forced circulation system circuit.

This supercooled liquid liquefied gas is adiabatically expanded in the expansion valve 53, takes away the heat of vaporization and evaporates in the device of the present invention, becomes superheated vapor in the heat exchanger 44, and is sucked into the compressor 39.

At this time, heat from underground is collected.

When the regulating valve 47 is appropriately opened and the regulating valve 52 is appropriately closed, the cooling/heat collector 49 also functions, and parallel operation can be performed while collecting solar heat and the like. Furthermore, when the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank 58 becomes sufficiently high, surplus liquid liquefied gas will be generated, but by appropriately adjusting the regulating valves 52 and 55, this surplus liquid liquefied gas can be transferred into the receiver 54. can be stored in

Roughly speaking, in FIGS. 26 and 27, FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view, the upper part of FIG. 27 is a longitudinal sectional view of P in FIG. 26, and the lower part of FIG. 27 is a side view of the inner tube.

This is an example of the natural heat collection tubes 5 and 6 and the liquid receiving natural heat collection tube 8, and is an example in which a perforated female tube 62 is used as the inner tube. The outer tube 16 has a surface area increasing heat transfer body 17 on its outer surface and a spiral liquid retention heat transfer body 18 on its inner surface. Between the outer tube 6 and the perforated gas-liquid separation tube 62, the liquid liquefied gas 66 condensed at the upper part of the natural heat collection tube falls spirally along the liquid retention heat transfer body 18. The liquid liquefied gas 66 is
During the fall, it absorbs heat from the outer tube 16 and vaporizes, and enters the perforated gas-liquid separation tube 62 through the hole 63.

The arrows in FIG. 27 indicate the flow of the vaporized liquid liquefied gas. Thus, the perforated gas-liquid separation tube 62 separates gas and liquid. The perforated gas-liquid separation tube 62 is made of a heat insulating material, and thermally isolates the cold liquid liquefied gas falling from the outside of this tube and the warm gas liquefied gas rising inside this tube, and separates the gas from The temperature of the liquefied gas is always maintained at a high temperature.

This inner tube naturally becomes a non-porous heat-insulated tube in the non-heat exchange portion. Regarding the hole 63 of the perforated gas-liquid separation tube 62 in FIG. do. In this way, the heat of the warm gaseous liquefied gas is not taken away by the cold liquid liquefied gas, and the temperature of the lower part of the natural heat collection tube can be obtained at the upper part.

(Effects) In this way, the present invention not only utilizes geothermal heat directly, but also
Hot water and space heating can be done using solar heat, heat obtained from the atmosphere and water, and heat obtained from air conditioning and refrigeration, and the excess heat is stored underground and can be used for hot water supply and space heating.

In general, the present invention provides a first pipe having a natural heat collection pipe and a throttle pipe that can effectively and free heat collection from any depth by using a liquid stagnation heat transfer body, and a first pipe that has a constriction pipe that converts liquefied gas into a liquid in the upper part. By inserting a second pipe into a simple hole in the ground, which can efficiently radiate heat to deep layers with a small amount of pressure, we have created a highly efficient underground heat exchange system that reduces frictional pressure loss in the pipe. Obtainable. This makes use of the earth's vast heat capacity and heat retention ability to store waste heat, solar heat, etc.
It is now possible to adjust the excess or deficiency of heat or to directly utilize geothermal heat, and in particular, it is possible to dramatically increase the coefficient of performance of hot water supply, heating, cooling, and refrigeration cycles.
You can utilize inexhaustible resources that are dormant.

In addition, the present invention is a natural heat collection tube that can collect heat efficiently and free of charge from shallow to deep layers, no matter how deep, by using a liquid retention heat transfer body and a perforated gas-liquid separation tube. A second tube that can efficiently dissipate heat from shallow to deep layers with a small amount of pressure by turning it into a liquid at the top: This is inserted into a simple hole underground, and by shortening the forced heat collection tube,
A highly efficient underground heat exchange device with reduced frictional pressure loss in the pipeline can be obtained. This makes use of the earth's vast heat capacity and heat retention ability, and directly utilizes geothermal heat.In the summer, the excess heat is stored underground by boiling water using the exhaust heat from cooling and freezing operations and the heat from the collector. In the winter, you can use underground heat to heat your home while boiling water. This utilizes summer heat for winter warmth, winter cold for summer coolness, and utilizes dormant inexhaustible heat resources, making use of the blessings of solar energy and abundant By making effective use of nature's ability to adjust the amount of heat we need, we can save on new energy consumption.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 showing a first embodiment of the underground heat exchange device according to the present invention. 5, 6, and 7 are a cross-sectional view, a cross-sectional view B, a cross-sectional view C, and a cross-sectional view D shown in FIG. 1, respectively. E sectional view and F sectional view, Figures 8, 9 and 10
The figures are front views showing the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 1
Fig. 4 is a front view showing the fifth embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 15 is a front view showing the sixth embodiment of the invention, including a vertical cross-sectional view of the forced heat collection tube portion, and Fig. 16 is a front view showing the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figures 8, 9 and 15 are enlarged cross-sectional views showing examples of heat exchangeable natural heat collecting tubes; Figure 17 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of J shown in Figure 16; Figure 18 shows Figures 1 and 8. 9, 10, 14 and 15 are enlarged cross-sectional views showing examples of non-heat exchangeable tubes or non-heat exchangeable parts; FIG. 19 is shown in FIG. 18; 20 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the heat exchange portion of the forced heat collection tube shown in FIGS. 1, 8, and 9;
Figure 1 is shown in Figure 20 and is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view, and Figure 22 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of Figure 8.
A partial front view showing the output part of the synthetic heat collecting tube shown in the figure,
Fig. 23 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of M shown in Fig. 22, Fig. 24 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of N shown in Fig. 23, and Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram showing an example of use of the underground heat exchange device according to the present invention. , Fig. 26 is a cross-sectional view, the upper part of Fig. 27 is a longitudinal sectional view of P in Fig. 26, and the second
The lower part of Figure 7 is a side view of the inner tube. 1... Outgoing pipe of non-heat exchange property for the outside of the device of the forced heat collecting tube 2... Outgoing pipe of the heat exchange part of the forced heat collecting tube 3... Outgoing pipe of the heat exchange part of the forced heat collecting pipe 4... Forced heat-collecting pipe with non-heat exchangeable return pipe to the outside of the device 5... Natural heat-collecting pipe with heat-exchangeable pipe 6... Natural heat-collecting pipe with non-heat-exchangeable part 7. ... Liquefied gas filled pipe 8 with non-heat exchange property of natural heat collection tube ... Liquid heat collection pipe 9 ... Outgoing pipe 10 with non-heat exchange property with respect to the outside of the second device... Second pipe Heat exchangeable pipe 11... Non-heat exchangeable pipe 12 of the second pipe... Backfilling material 8H... Underground boring hole GL... Ground surface 13... Heat storage body 14... ...Insulating layer 15...Dispersion [Protrusions 17...Surface area increasing heat transfer body or liquid retention heat transfer body 18]
...Liquid stagnation heat transfer body 32...Radiator 39...Compressor 44...Heat exchanger 41...Cooling/heat collector 54...Liquid receiver 58...Hot water tank

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first tube consisting of a forced heat collection tube and a natural heat collection tube, which are in a heat exchange relationship with each other, and a second tube consisting of a non-heat exchange tube and a heat exchange heat radiation tube. The first natural heat collection pipe and the second pipe are inserted into a hole bored underground, and the liquefied gas circulates under reduced pressure inside the forced heat collection pipe, circulates naturally inside the natural heat collection pipe, and radiates heat. A geothermal heat exchange device characterized by pressurized circulation inside the pipe. 2. The underground heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the natural heat collection pipe is a closed pipe. 3. The underground heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the natural heat collection pipe is a liquid receiving heat collection pipe that communicates with the forced heat collection pipe. 4. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the natural heat collecting pipe has a non-heat exchangeable pipe in the middle thereof. 5. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the natural heat collection tube has an insulating perforated gas-liquid separation tube for separating gas and liquid therein. 6. The underground heat exchange device according to claim 5, wherein the hole penetrating the tube wall of the perforated gas-liquid separation tube is located at a higher position on the inner side than on the outer side of the tube. . 7. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the forced heat collection pipe is located in a hole bored underground. 8. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the forced heat collection pipe is located underground and surrounded by a heat insulating layer. 9. The underground heat exchange device according to claim 8, wherein the forced heat collection pipe has a heat storage body around it. 10. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the outgoing pipe of the forced heat collection pipe is a constricted pipe. 11. Claims 1 to 10, wherein the heat exchange portion has a spiral shape.
The underground heat exchange device according to any one of the above. 12. Claims 1 to 11, wherein the underground insertion pipe is a bendable pipe.
The underground heat exchange device according to any one of the above. 13. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the forced heat collection pipe has a liquid dispersion projection. 14. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first pipe has a liquid retention heat transfer body in its heat exchange portion. 15. The underground heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the heat exchange pipe has a surface area increasing heat transfer body on its heat exchange surface.