JPH01268835A - Super elastic alloy material and super elastic element - Google Patents
Super elastic alloy material and super elastic elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01268835A JPH01268835A JP9266888A JP9266888A JPH01268835A JP H01268835 A JPH01268835 A JP H01268835A JP 9266888 A JP9266888 A JP 9266888A JP 9266888 A JP9266888 A JP 9266888A JP H01268835 A JPH01268835 A JP H01268835A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- super elastic
- alloy material
- superelastic
- alloy
- range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910010380 TiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Adornments (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、加工性の優れた安価な超弾性バネ等に用いら
れる超弾性合金材料及び超弾性素子に関するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a superelastic alloy material and a superelastic element used in inexpensive superelastic springs with excellent workability.
一般に、ＴｉＮｉ合金が熱弾性型マルテンサイト変態の
逆変態に付随して顕著な形状記憶効果、および擬弾性効
果を示すことはよく知られている。Generally, it is well known that TiNi alloys exhibit remarkable shape memory effects and pseudoelastic effects accompanying the reverse transformation of thermoelastic martensitic transformation.
ＴｉＮｉ合金をヒステリシスの小さな形状記憶バネとし
て用いる場合、冷間加工後４００〜５００℃で焼鈍し、
冷間の加工組織を残すことで中間相変態を利用すること
が知られている。また擬弾性バネについても同様な方法
が取られている。When using a TiNi alloy as a shape memory spring with small hysteresis, it is annealed at 400 to 500°C after cold working.
It is known to utilize intermediate phase transformation by leaving a cold processed structure. A similar method is also used for pseudoelastic springs.
これらは、家電用アクチュエーター、歯列矯正線、ガイ
ドワイヤー、ブラジャー等への実用化が進められている
が、いずれも体温（約３５℃）近傍で使用されるもので
あった。These devices are being put to practical use in home appliance actuators, orthodontic wires, guide wires, brassiere, etc., but all of them are used at temperatures close to body temperature (approximately 35° C.).
形状記憶合金を用いて室温（約２０℃以下）とりわけ０
℃前後で作動するバネを得ようとする場合、ＴｌＮｉ２
元合金は５００〜５５０℃の温度で短時間処理（５〜１
０分間）を必要とする。この場合、処理時間が短いため
に、スプリング・バックを無視できず、成型性に難点を
有していた。Using shape memory alloys, temperature at room temperature (approximately 20℃ or less), especially
When trying to obtain a spring that operates around ℃, TlNi2
The original alloy was treated at a temperature of 500-550°C for a short time (5-1
0 minutes). In this case, since the processing time was short, spring back could not be ignored and moldability was problematic.
また、５００℃を越えた熱処理条件では、冷間加工で与
えられた加工組織が消えるために、ヒステリシスが大き
くなる難点を有している。Furthermore, under heat treatment conditions exceeding 500° C., the processed structure imparted by cold working disappears, resulting in a disadvantage of increased hysteresis.
また０℃前後から擬弾性を示すバネは、４００〜４５０
℃で短時間（５〜１０分間）の処理によって得られる。Also, springs that exhibit pseudoelasticity from around 0°C have a temperature of 400 to 450°C.
Obtained by short-term (5-10 minutes) treatment at <RTIgt;C.
しかし前記と同様スプリングバックが大きくコイルバネ
の成型は困誼であった。However, like the above, the springback was large and it was difficult to mold the coil spring.
これらの難点を克服し、室温以下で作動する素子の製造
を可能にすることは、冷蔵庫、住宅用換気口、等のアク
チュエーター、自動車、衣料、医療等への擬弾性バネへ
の実用化にとって極めて重要なことである。Overcoming these difficulties and making it possible to manufacture elements that operate below room temperature will be extremely important for practical application to actuators for refrigerators, residential ventilation, etc., and pseudoelastic springs for automobiles, clothing, medical care, etc. It's important.
一方、このようなＴｉＮｉ合金は、加工性が悪いことが
よく知られている。このＴｉＮｉ合金は通常、熱間加工
によって直径的５〜１０１Ｗ＋にされた後、冷間加工に
よって所定の寸法に加工される。On the other hand, it is well known that such TiNi alloys have poor workability. This TiNi alloy is usually hot worked to a diameter of 5 to 101 W+, and then cold worked to a predetermined size.
ＴｉＮｉ合金線は、加工硬化が激しいため、繰り返しの
焼な孔を要する。このため、冷間加工に要する費用はＴ
ｉＮｉ合金線のコストの大部分を占めている。TiNi alloy wire is severely work hardened and requires repeated annealing. Therefore, the cost required for cold working is T
It accounts for most of the cost of iNi alloy wire.
本発明の技術的課題は、これらの問題を解決し、室温以
下での超弾性特性を保持し、且つ、冷間加工性を改善し
た超弾性合金材料及び超弾性素子を提供することにある
。A technical object of the present invention is to solve these problems and provide a superelastic alloy material and a superelastic element that maintain superelastic properties at room temperature or lower and have improved cold workability.
本発明によれば、少くとも４４〜５０ａｔ％（５０は含
まず）のＮｉと残部ＴｉよりなるＴｉＮｉ合金であって
、上記Ｔｉを、０．５〜５ａｔ％の範囲内で、Ｆｅと置
換したことを特徴とする超弾性合金材料が得られる。According to the present invention, there is provided a TiNi alloy consisting of at least 44 to 50 at% Ni (excluding 50 at%) and the remainder Ti, in which the Ti is replaced with Fe within the range of 0.5 to 5 at%. A superelastic alloy material is obtained.
更に本発明によれば、上記した超弾性合金材料を冷間加
工後、３５０℃〜６００℃の範囲内の温度にて熱処理し
てなることを特徴とする超弾性素子が得られる。Furthermore, according to the present invention, a superelastic element is obtained, which is obtained by cold-working the above-mentioned superelastic alloy material and then heat-treating it at a temperature within the range of 350°C to 600°C.
本発明で、ＴｉＮｉ合金のＦｅ成分の置換量を０．５〜
５原子パーセント（ａｔ％）としたのは、０．５ａｔ％
未満ではＦｅ添加の効果が薄いためであり、５ａｔ％を
越えると顕著な超弾性が認められ難しくなることによっ
ている。In the present invention, the amount of Fe component substitution in the TiNi alloy is 0.5 to
5 atomic percent (at%) is 0.5 at%
This is because if it is less than 5 at %, the effect of Fe addition is weak, and if it exceeds 5 at %, remarkable superelasticity is observed and it becomes difficult.
まなＮｉの下限を４４原子パーセント（ａｔ％）とした
のは、ＴｉＮｉ合金はＮｉが低下するととともに、変態
温度が上昇し、室温以下での超弾性が得難くなる。同様
なことはＴｉＮ１Ｆｅ合金に対しても云えるからである
。The reason why the lower limit of Ni is set to 44 atomic percent (at%) is that as the Ni content decreases, the transformation temperature of the TiNi alloy increases, making it difficult to obtain superelasticity below room temperature. This is because the same can be said for the TiN1Fe alloy.
熱処理温度を３５０〜６００℃としたのは、３５０℃未
満では、十分な超弾性特性は得られず、６００℃を越え
ると超弾性特性は得られるが、曲げ伸し等の変形の繰り
返しに弱くなることによるためである。The reason why the heat treatment temperature was set at 350 to 600°C is that sufficient superelastic properties cannot be obtained at temperatures below 350°C, while superelastic properties can be obtained at temperatures above 600°C, but it is susceptible to repeated deformation such as bending and stretching. It is because of what you become.
本発明の実施例について説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described.
第１表は、本発明の実施例に係るＴｉＮ１Ｆｅ超弾性合
金材料の加工特性及び超弾性素子の超弾性開始温度を示
している。Table 1 shows the processing properties of the TiN1Fe superelastic alloy material and the superelasticity onset temperature of the superelastic element according to the embodiments of the present invention.
比較例として、Ｆｅを含有しないＴｉＮｉ超弾性合金材
料及び超弾性素子の測定結果を併記した。As a comparative example, the measurement results of a TiNi superelastic alloy material containing no Fe and a superelastic element are also shown.
この表において、冷間加工性の試験は、合金材料の試料
の１バスの加工率を２０％、３０％、４０％、５０％と
して行われている０表中の○印は３回バスしても３回と
も可、Δ印は３回バスすると１乃至２同町、Ｘ印は３回
バスすると３回とも不可を示す、０．５８ｔ％以上のＦ
ｅを含有している試料（２〜５及び７〜１０）は、１バ
スの加工率が５０％まて可能であった。これに対し′〔
、比較例に係る超弾性合金材料試料（１１〜１３）では
１バスの加工率が３０％程度が限度で、４０％以上にな
ると加工がやや難しいことが判明した。In this table, the cold workability test was conducted at a working rate of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% for each bath of the alloy material sample. 0.58t% or more F
Samples containing e (2 to 5 and 7 to 10) could be processed at a processing rate of up to 50% per bath. On the other hand,
It was found that for the superelastic alloy material samples (11 to 13) according to comparative examples, the machining rate per bath was limited to about 30%, and when it exceeded 40%, machining was somewhat difficult.
ここで、やや難しいとは３回程度の加工性試験で１乃至
２回破断し、必すしも加工できないことはないが、実際
の作業において、破断しやすいことは必ずしも適当な加
工法とは言えない、そして安全性からの見地からは、Ｔ
ｉＮｉ合金材料について、加工率３０％以下に抑えられ
る。Here, "somewhat difficult" means that it breaks once or twice in about three workability tests, and does not necessarily mean that it cannot be processed, but in actual work, if it is easy to break, it does not necessarily mean that it is an appropriate processing method. No, and from a safety standpoint, T
For iNi alloy materials, the processing rate can be suppressed to 30% or less.
また、表１の超弾性開始温度は、実施例に係るＴ ｉ
Ｎ ｉ Ｆ ｅ超弾性合金材料を冷間加工後、４００゛
Ｃで３０分間熱処理、−２０℃〜５℃毎に温度を上げ各
温度での応力−ひずみ曲線より測定された。In addition, the superelasticity starting temperature in Table 1 is T i
After cold working the N i Fe superelastic alloy material, it was heat treated at 400°C for 30 minutes, and the temperature was increased from -20°C to every 5°C, and the stress-strain curve was measured at each temperature.
比較例として、Ｆｅを含有しないＴｉＮｉ超弾性合金材
料の冷間加工後の超弾性開始温度の測定結果を併記した
。As a comparative example, the measurement results of the superelasticity onset temperature after cold working of a TiNi superelastic alloy material that does not contain Fe are also shown.
この表より、Ｆｅ添加量の増加とともに超弾性を示す温
度は低下し、５ａｔ％添加した超弾性合金素子（試料４
及び９）は０℃以下であった。Ｆｅを７ａｔ％添加した
超弾性合金素子（試料５及び１０）は、超弾性特性は良
好でなかった。From this table, as the amount of Fe added increases, the temperature at which superelasticity occurs decreases, and the superelastic alloy element with 5 at% addition (Sample 4)
and 9) were below 0°C. The superelastic alloy elements (Samples 5 and 10) to which 7 at% Fe was added did not have good superelastic properties.
尚、比較例（試料１１〜１３）は、室温以上の超弾性温
度を示した。Note that the comparative examples (samples 11 to 13) exhibited superelastic temperatures higher than room temperature.
実施例に係る超弾性合金材料及び超弾性素子は次のよう
に製造された。The superelastic alloy material and superelastic element according to the example were manufactured as follows.
高周波真空溶解で第１表中に示した組成のＴｉＮ１Ｆｅ
合金をそれぞれ準備し、次に温度９００℃にて２時間の
均一化処理後熱間ハンマー、熱間ロール、続いて冷間伸
線により径２．ＯＢまで加工し、超弾性合金線型材料（
第１表中の試料１〜１０）を得た。TiN1Fe with the composition shown in Table 1 by high frequency vacuum melting
Each alloy was prepared and then homogenized at 900°C for 2 hours, then hot hammered, hot rolled, and then cold wire drawn to a diameter of 2. Processed to OB, superelastic alloy linear material (
Samples 1 to 10) in Table 1 were obtained.
この超弾性合金材料を、冷間加工し、３５０℃〜６００
℃範囲内で熱処理を施すと、超弾性素子第１表中の超弾
性開始温度測定試料１〜１０が形成される。また比較例
に係る超弾性合金材料及び弾性素子も実施例と同様な方
法で製造された。This superelastic alloy material is cold worked and heated to a temperature of 350°C to 600°C.
When the heat treatment is performed within the temperature range of .degree. C., superelasticity start temperature measurement samples 1 to 10 in Table 1 of the superelastic element are formed. Further, superelastic alloy materials and elastic elements according to comparative examples were also manufactured in the same manner as in the examples.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、冷間加工性が優
れ、加工コストを大巾に削減でき、且つ、室温以下での
超弾性特性を保持する超弾性合金材料及び超弾性素子の
提供が可能となる。As described above, the present invention provides a superelastic alloy material and a superelastic element that have excellent cold workability, can significantly reduce processing costs, and maintain superelastic properties at room temperature or below. becomes possible.
Claims (1)
と残部ＴｉよりなるＴｉＮｉ合金であって、上記Ｔｉを
、０．５〜５ａｔ％の範囲内で、Ｆｅと置換したことを
特徴とする超弾性合金材料。 ２、第１の請求項記載の超弾性合金材料を冷間加工後、
３５０℃〜６００℃の範囲内の温度にて熱処理してなる
ことを特徴とする超弾性素子。[Claims] 1. At least 44 to 50 at% (excluding 50) Ni
A superelastic alloy material comprising a TiNi alloy with the remainder being Ti, wherein the Ti is replaced with Fe within a range of 0.5 to 5 at%. 2. After cold working the superelastic alloy material according to the first claim,
A superelastic element characterized by being heat-treated at a temperature within the range of 350°C to 600°C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63092668A JPH0776401B2 (en) | 1988-04-16 | 1988-04-16 | Superelastic alloy material and superelastic element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63092668A JPH0776401B2 (en) | 1988-04-16 | 1988-04-16 | Superelastic alloy material and superelastic element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01268835A true JPH01268835A (en) | 1989-10-26 |
| JPH0776401B2 JPH0776401B2 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
Family
ID=14060855
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63092668A Expired - Lifetime JPH0776401B2 (en) | 1988-04-16 | 1988-04-16 | Superelastic alloy material and superelastic element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0776401B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006265680A (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Toyohashi Univ Of Technology | Superelastic material and its production method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58161746A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-26 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Nickel-titanium alloy for precision casting |
| JPS6159390A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-03-26 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Display unit |
| JPS61177346A (en) * | 1985-02-01 | 1986-08-09 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Functional alloy |
-
1988
- 1988-04-16 JP JP63092668A patent/JPH0776401B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58161746A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-26 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Nickel-titanium alloy for precision casting |
| JPS6159390A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-03-26 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Display unit |
| JPS61177346A (en) * | 1985-02-01 | 1986-08-09 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Functional alloy |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006265680A (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Toyohashi Univ Of Technology | Superelastic material and its production method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0776401B2 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
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