JPH0126310B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] This invention relates to medical equipment, and particularly to respiratory recovery devices such as oxygen inhalers.

[Technical background of the invention]

Manual oxygen inhalers using self-inflating bags are known in the art. These devices are often used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, called CPR.
During this period, large amounts of air or oxygen must be supplied to the patient. These devices must also take into account that the patient is breathing while supplying air to the patient. As a result, inhalation bags typically consist of a mask, a directional valve mechanism, and a squeeze bag.

A mask is used to seal the patient's nose and mouth.
For this purpose, we use flexible and bendable materials.
It is made flexible enough to be contoured to the patient's facial shape. Additionally, the mask body is made sufficiently rigid to allow equal forces to be applied to form a seal.

A directional control valve adjacent to the mask must be able to pressurize air to the patient while allowing exhalation of the patient's exhaled air. Additionally, this directional valve must allow the patient to naturally inhale (without being forced under pressure) and exhale gas from the inhalation bag.

The suction bag is for supplying gas under pressure to the patient. Such bags are well known and typically include a one-way check valve at the opposite end of the regulator valve to permit gas to enter the bag in only one direction. Typically, the suction bag must be flexible and capable of operating for 40 cycles per minute under 100 cm of water pressure, supplying a minimum of 500 c.c. of air per cycle.

Although the elements of the oxygen inhaler described above have been in existence for some time, these inhaler bags and masks have had problems, such as design and operational complexity and high cost. These problems and other drawbacks have made oxygen inhalers less comfortable to use. Examples of conventional inhalation bags and masks include U.S. Patent No.
No. 3363833, No. 4037595, No. 4121580, No.
It is disclosed in the specification of No. 3556122. The present invention takes the above problems into account and provides a disposable bag and valve arrangement that is simple in construction and highly efficient in operation.

[Summary of the invention]

An oxygen inhaler according to the invention has an inhalation bag having a first end connected to the housing of a first directional control valve. The first valve housing has a bag port, a patient port, and a discharge port. A first valve means is disposed within the first valve housing and controls gas flow to and from the patient. The first valve means includes a one-way valve section that allows air from the bag to pass through the patient's mouth during inhalation or forced breathing and through a discharge port during exhalation, and a diaphragm section that closes the discharge port during inhalation or forced breathing. . A second check valve means is located in the suction bag and allows air to flow into the bag.

The first valve means uses a bag to allow (1) forced breathing, (2) free exhalation, and (3) natural breathing. The oxygen inhaler of the present invention performs exhalation regardless of whether the patient takes forced breaths or natural breaths.

Mandatory breathing is initiated by pressurizing the bag. This causes the first valve means to close the discharge port. When the outlet is closed, gas passes through the patient's mouth and toward the patient. The first valve means maintains this condition as long as the pressure in the bag is greater than atmospheric pressure. When the pressure in the bag is released, the first valve means is moved by the pressure of the patient's lungs, opening the outlet and expelling exhaled air from the patient.

Free exhalation is achieved by directing exhaled exhaled air through the outlet and out of the exhalation device. This can also be achieved by the state of the first valve means. This state is maintained while the discharge pressure is applied.

Spontaneous breathing occurs when the first valve allows the patient to easily inhale gas from the bag through the patient's mouth. When the first valve means is in the rest position, the outlet is closed during free inhalation, so that the patient inhales the gas in the bag. In this way, control of the gas towards the patient is achieved. This state of the valve is maintained as long as the patient continues to inhale. When the patient stops inhaling and begins exhaling, the first valve moves to allow free exhalation.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiments of the invention]

FIG. 1 shows an oxygen inhalation mechanism 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen, the mechanism 10 includes an elongated flexible suction bag 12 as is well known in the art. Bag 12 is typically made of transparent or translucent plastic and can be easily deformed by hand. The bag 12 has a first end 1 defining a discharge port.
4 and a second end 16 defining an inlet.
A first valve housing 18 is coupled to bag 12 adjacent first end 14 . The first valve housing 18 has a first upper bulbous portion and a bag 12.
and a lower suspension part connected to the lower suspension part. This first valve housing 18 has an inlet 39 at the lower end.
It has a patient port 36 at the upper end and an extension portion 36a extending from the patient port 36 into the suction port 39, and the extension portion 36a and the suction port 3
An annular outlet passage 37 is formed between the outlet passage 9 and the outlet passage 37, and has a discharge port 38 that communicates with the outlet passage 37 and opens to the atmosphere. This discharge port 38 is connected to the patient's mouth 3.
It extends perpendicular to the axis of 6. An annular valve seat 30b is formed at the tip of the extension portion 36a. A second valve housing 20 is coupled to the second end 16 of the bag 12. A conduit 22 couples to the first valve housing 18 and communicates the mask 24 with the bag 12. Since the mask 24 is a conventional one, its explanation will be omitted here.

A flexible hose conduit 26 is connected to the second valve housing 20 and can include a tube 28 . Tube 28 connects to an external gas source and controls the type of gas supplied to bag 12. This makes it possible to ultimately supply the patient with a specialized gas, such as a concentrated oxygen mixture, as will be discussed in more detail below.

2 and 3, the first valve housing 18 includes a flexible duckbill diaphragm 30 retained by a retaining snap ring 34. In FIGS. The diaphragm 30 is of one piece construction and consists of a generally flat, coaxially located annular valve seat 30b that is integrated with a centrally located beak portion 30a, and a flexible annular curved portion 32. Beak part 30
a extends into the extension part 36a, and the curved part 32 is
It extends into the outlet passage 37. Housing 18
defines an opening 39 surrounding the first end 14 of the bag 12 . Patient port 36 and opening 39 communicate with bag 12, and outlet 38 selectively communicates with the patient.

The valve housing 20 is connected to the second diaphragm 4
0 and the diaphragm body 42. Diaphragm 40 and body 42 constitute a one-way valve as is well known in the art. In the present invention, gas flows into bag 12 through opening 45 only in the direction of arrow 100. Diaphragm 40 is preferably mounted on a centrally located projection 44 of diaphragm body 42, which is also well known in the art. A cap 46 surrounds the periphery of the body 42 and is positioned adjacent the second end 16 of the bag 12. The cap 46 has an oxygen inlet 48 for admitting air into the bag 12 and a flow control orifice 52 which will be described in more detail below.

Mechanism 10 operates as follows. Inhalation bag 1
2 is pressed, the internal pressure of the bag causes the diaphragm 40 to push against the diaphragm body 42, thereby opening the opening 45 and the second end 16 of the bag 12.
will be closed. The gas in the bag 12 passes through the beak 30a and the patient's mouth 36 and flows into the mask 24. This situation is shown in FIG. In order to prevent gas from acting on the diaphragm 30 and flowing out from the outlet 38, the diaphragm 30 moves to and abuts the end 36a of the patient section 36. That is, generally a flat coaxial sealing ring portion 30b abuts the end portion 36a. In this embodiment, end 36a forms an angled seat, thus ensuring a seal with ring 30b. As a result, gas from the bag 12 does not flow out from the discharge port 38. Pressing the bag 12 to deliver air or other gas to the patient is commonly referred to as forced breathing. Additionally, if desired, conduit 28 can be connected to a source of gas, such as oxygen, to deliver a concentrated oxygen mixture to the patient.

During free exhalation, air or other gas is expelled from the patient and passes through conduit 22 and into bag 12. The air pressure generated at this time closes the valve beak 30a and moves the valve seat 30b of the diaphragm 30 away from the valve seat 36b of the housing rung 18. This situation is shown in FIG.
In this way, the discharge port 38 communicates with the patient's mouth 36, and the discharge flow passes through the discharge port 38 and is discharged to the outside.
This valve state is maintained as long as discharge pressure is present.

When the patient breathes naturally, the first valve means of the present invention allows the patient to breathe naturally.
When the patient inhales gas without pressing the bag 12, the resulting vacuum closes the diaphragm 30 against the valve seat 36b of the housing 18, and the beak 30a opens. This is similar to forced breathing. This vacuum also causes the check valve diaphragm 40 to open, allowing gas to pass through the bag 12 and into the patient. When the patient stops inhaling and starts exhaling, the diaphragm 30 moves as described above, allowing free exhalation.

When the bag 12 is released, a vacuum state is created,
The beak 30a closes and at the same time the diaphragm 4 closes.
0 opens. This causes gas to pass through the opening 45 and be sucked into the bag 12. The diaphragm 30 allows the patient to exhale while gas is flowing into the bag.

Another feature of the invention is the use of a disk-shaped flow control section 50 that forms a flow control orifice 52. Flow control 50 is located on movable cap 46. This allows the flow control section to be separated from the bag 12 if unlimited flow into the bag 12 is desired. Control unit 50
This solves the problems of conventional devices that arise when using oxygen. In other words, oxygen cannot be quickly supplied to conventional bags. For this reason, when filling the bag with gas, more air than necessary was sucked in, reducing the oxygen concentration. In the present invention, oxygen is supplied to bag 2 via tube 28.
8. When filling the bag with gas, the gas flow is restricted by the orifice 52, allowing more oxygen to enter the bag 12. In addition to this,
During other operations of bag 12, oxygen from tube 28 flows back through orifice 52 to hose 2.
6 is satisfied. When filling the bag with gas, the hose 26 acts as a reservoir and supplies additional oxygen into the bag.

A further feature of the invention is that the patient can still inhale gas through the patient port 36 even when the end 16 of the bag 12 is closed. This is because when inhaling with the end 16 closed, a vacuum is created in the bag 12 and the diaphragm 30 and valve seat 30b
This is because the air is sucked into the bag 12. Valve seat 3
When the valve 0b is removed from the valve seat 36b of the housing 18, the gas passes through the outlet 38 and is inhaled and delivered to the patient.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to one embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the diaphragm 30 may be held by a sealing means other than the ring 34, such as a bond.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a diagram showing each element of an oxygen inhaler according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cutaway view taken along line 2--2 in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cutaway view showing another operation of the first valve means of the present invention. 10...Oxygen inhalation mechanism, 12...Inhalation bag, 1
4, 16... End, 18, 20... Valve housing, 22, 26... Conduit, 24... Inhalation mask, 30
...Diaphragm.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An oxygen inhaler equipped with a directional control valve mechanism consisting of a valve housing and a Duckbill diaphragm, wherein the valve housing has an inlet at one end that communicates with an air supply means, having a patient port communicating with the mask at the other end, extending from the patient port into the inlet, defining an annular outlet passage between an outer peripheral surface of the patient port and an inner peripheral surface of the inlet; It has a tubular extension with an annular valve seat at its tip,
The duckbill diaphragm further has a discharge port that communicates with the outlet passage and opens to the atmosphere. the duckbill diaphragm has an annular curved portion between the valve seat and the peripheral portion; a portion extending into the extension of the valve housing, a curved portion extending into the outlet passageway of the valve housing, and a valve seat positioned opposite the valve seat of the valve housing. An oxygen inhaler characterized by: