JPH0125978B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention This invention enables an engine to drive a compressor that compresses refrigerant in a cooling circuit, and enables exhaust heat from the engine to be used as a heat source for heating and hot water storage, and is supplied to the engine. The present invention relates to a heat pump mainly used for general household use, which is designed to perform economical operation by effectively utilizing fuel energy, and to conveniently perform morning hot water storage and heating operation, especially in winter.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

Figure 1 shows the overall circuit configuration, with reference numeral 1 in the figure.
1 is a water-cooled two-stroke engine operated with gas fuel, 2 is a compressor for compressing refrigerant driven by this engine 1, 3 is an outdoor heat exchanger through which the refrigerant flows, and 4 is an air heat exchanger for the refrigerant. Exchanger, 5 is a liquid receiver, 6 is an expansion valve, 7 is an accumulator for gas-liquid separation, 8 is a 4-port electromagnetic valve for switching the refrigerant flow path, 9 is a solenoid valve for opening and closing the flow path, The indoor/outdoor refrigerant heat exchangers 3, 4 function as a condenser or an evaporator by switching the operation mode, which will be described later. Further, 10 is an exhaust pipe of the engine 1, 11 is a heat exchanger for recovering exhaust heat that branches the engine cooling water and heats it with the engine exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 10, 12 is a silencer, and 13 is air and fuel gas. a mixer 1 that mixes and supplies the mixture to the engine 1;
4 is an expansion tank for engine cooling water, and 15 is a pressure pump for engine cooling water. Further, 16 is an outdoor heat exchanger for engine cooling water, 17 is an indoor heat exchanger for engine cooling water, and 17 is an indoor heat exchanger for refrigerant.
and 4 are installed in parallel. Further, 18 is a hot water storage tank, 19 is a heat exchange pipe for distributing engine cooling water provided in the hot water storage tank, 20 is a heat exchange pipe for distributing compressed refrigerant, and 21... is for switching the flow path of engine cooling water. It is an electromagnetic on-off valve.

The indoor heat exchangers 4 and 17 are connected to the electric motor 2.
2 is incorporated into an indoor unit 24 together with a fan 23 driven by a fan 23, and other mechanisms are incorporated into an outdoor unit 25, and the configuration of the outdoor unit 25 is shown in FIG. This outdoor unit 25 has three upper and lower chambers 26, 27, 28
The upper chamber 26 has a heat exchanger 3,
16 is housed together with a fan 30 driven by an electric motor 29, an intermediate chamber 27 houses the engine 1, a compressor 2, various electromagnetic valves, an electric control circuit unit, etc., and a lower chamber 28 houses a hot water storage tank. 18 are provided.

The device configured as described above is capable of heating and cooling as well as storing hot water, and various operating modes will be explained below.

Γ Cooling mode (a)... (see Figure 3) This is a mode for cooling operation and hot water storage when the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 18 is low (for example, 40°C or less), and the refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 2 Hot water tank 1
The compressed water is supplied to the heat exchange pipe 20 of No. 8, and heat of compression is released to warm the stored water. The refrigerant condensed and liquefied by heat radiation passes through the receiver 5 and then is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 4 which functions as an evaporator, and the indoor air is cooled by the evaporation action of the refrigerant. The refrigerant that exits the heat exchanger 4 passes through the accumulator 7 and is transferred to the compressor 2.
The refrigerant cycle is completed.

Further, the high temperature engine cooling water is supplied to the heat exchange pipe 19 of the hot water storage tank 18 to heat the stored water.

Γ Cooling mode (b)... (See Figure 4) When the stored hot water temperature rises (over 40°C) and the refrigerant condensing capacity in the heat exchange pipe 20 decreases, pressurized refrigerant is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 3. However, after being condensed by heat dissipation here, it is circulated through the same path as in the cooling mode (a) above. Also, hot water storage using engine exhaust heat is performed in the same way as in cooling mode (a).

Γ Cooling mode (c)... (see Figure 5) When the stored hot water temperature rises further (80℃ or higher), the refrigerant cycle is the same as in cooling mode (b), but the engine cooling water is transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger 16. It is sent and cooled by heat radiation.

Γ Cooling/humidity mode (a)...(See Figure 3) This is a mode for dehumidifying operation and hot water storage during the rainy season, and is a mode when the hot water storage temperature is low (40℃ or less), and is the cooling mode (a) described above. ) During cooling operation using the refrigerant cycle, a portion of the engine cooling water is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 17 as shown by the broken line in the figure to appropriately warm the cooled and dehumidified indoor air.

Γ Dehumidification mode (b)... (See Figure 4) When the stored hot water temperature is above 40℃ and below 80℃, the engine is operated in the cooling mode (b) refrigerant cycle as shown by the broken line in the figure. A portion of the cooling water is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 17.

Γ Dehumidification mode (c)... (See Figure 5) When the stored hot water temperature exceeds 80℃, the engine cooling water is dehumidified from indoor heat as shown by the broken line in the diagram while operating the refrigerant in the cooling mode (b) refrigerant cycle. It is distributed and supplied to the exchanger 17 and the outdoor heat exchanger 16 at an appropriate ratio.

Γ Heating mode (a)... (see Figure 6) A mode for heating operation and hot water storage when the heating load is small, in which the refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 2 is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger (in this case, as a condenser). 4), and the indoor air is heated by the heat dissipation and condensation action here. The condensed refrigerant is sent to an outdoor heat exchanger (acting here as an evaporator) 3 where it is evaporated and then returned to the compressor 2. At the same time, the engine coolant is used to heat the stored hot water.

Γ Heating mode (b) (see Fig. 7) When the heating load is large, engine cooling water is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 17, and heating is performed by heat radiation from the engine cooling water and refrigerant.

Γ Heating/defrosting mode... (see Figure 7) If frost forms on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, which acts as a refrigerant evaporator, during heating operation in winter and the heat exchange efficiency decreases, the As shown by the broken line, engine cooling water is switched and supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 16, and the heat exchanger 3 is defrosted using the heat released from the engine cooling water.

Γ Hot water storage mode... (see Figure 8) The refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 2 is transferred to the hot water storage tank 18.
The engine cooling water is supplied to the heat exchange pipe 20 of the hot water storage tank 18 to heat the stored water by condensation and heat dissipation, and the engine cooling water is sent to the heat exchange pipe 19 of the hot water storage tank 18 to perform heated hot water storage.

The above-mentioned cooling mode, heating mode, and dehumidification mode can be arbitrarily selected by switching an air conditioning selection switch mechanism 32 connected to an electric control circuit 31, and a hot water storage completion detection sensor provided in the hot water storage tank 18. It can also be automatically switched based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 33. In the cooling mode and the heating mode, the indoor temperature is set by the setting device 34 , and various valves 8, 9..., 21..., The fan drive motor 22 and the like are controlled to adjust the heat exchange capacity of the indoor unit 24 , thereby maintaining the indoor temperature within a set range.

Further, the hot water storage mode can be preferentially operated by turning on/off a switch mechanism 37 provided separately from the switch mechanism 32 for selecting the air conditioner.

That is, when the heating mode is selected by the switch mechanism 32 and the switch mechanism 37 is turned off, priority is given to heating operation using the heat transfer fluid cycle according to the heating load, and the temperature detection sensor 35 provided in the indoor unit 24 This keeps the indoor temperature at a set value, and the residual heat is used to store hot water.

Further, when the heating mode is selected by the switch mechanism 32 and the switch mechanism 37 is turned on, priority is given to the hot water storage operation, and the completion of hot water storage is detected by the temperature sensor 33 as a hot water storage completion detection sensor provided in the hot water storage tank 18. It is programmed to automatically switch to heating mode afterwards. Therefore, on mornings in winter, you can select the heating mode that prioritizes hot water storage, and set a timer to switch to heating mode before you wake up after giving priority to hot water storage, which takes a relatively long time. Therefore, when you wake up, you can have hot water and the heating on.

Note that during cooling, the cooling hot water storage operation is performed regardless of whether the switch mechanism 37 is turned on or off. Further, in the case of only hot water storage operation, the engine 1 is automatically stopped when the hot water storage temperature reaches the set temperature.

As described in detail in the embodiments above, the heat pump according to the present invention is a highly economical air conditioner that uses engine exhaust heat as a heat source for heating and hot water storage by driving a refrigerant compressor with an engine. In addition to the switch mechanism for selecting the air conditioning mode that switches between cooling operation or heating operation, it is equipped with a switch mechanism for selecting hot water storage mode that can be turned on and off independently. In the heating mode when the mode is selected, based on the detection result of the hot water storage completion detection sensor installed in the hot water storage tank, the hot water storage operation is given priority over the heating operation until the hot water storage is completed, and the hot water storage After the heating operation is completed, the system automatically switches to heating operation, and when only heating mode is selected by the switch mechanism, hot water storage operation is started using residual heat from heating operation based on the detection result of the temperature detection sensor installed in the indoor unit. Since it is configured so that hot water storage with priority given to heating operation or heating with priority given to hot water storage operation can be selected, the latter operation can be used to store hot water and heat in the morning in winter as efficiently as possible in the shortest possible time. It became.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings illustrate embodiments of the engine-driven heat pump according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is an overall circuit configuration diagram, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the outdoor unit, and Figs. 3 to 8 show various operating modes. FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of the electric control mechanism. 1...Engine, 2...Compressor, 4...
Heat exchanger, 17... Heat exchanger, 18... Hot water storage tank,
19...Heat exchange pipe, 24 ...Indoor unit, 32...
...Switch mechanism, 33...Hot water storage completion detection sensor,
35... Temperature detection sensor, 37... Switch mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A cooling mode in which the refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 2 driven by the engine 1 and heat radiated in the condensing process is supplied to the first heat exchanger 4 in the room, and the indoor air is cooled by the evaporation action of this refrigerant. , the refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 2 is supplied to the first heat exchanger 4, the indoor air is heated by the condensation action of the refrigerant, and the condensed refrigerant is circulated to the compressor 2 through an evaporation process. In the heating mode, the fluid heated by the exhaust heat of the engine 1 for driving the compressor is transferred to the second indoor heating and cooling circuit.
In a heat pump equipped with a heating circuit that uses engine exhaust heat that can be supplied to the heat exchanger 17 of the engine and a hot water heating circuit that can supply fluid heated by the engine exhaust heat to the heat exchange pipe 19 of the hot water storage tank 18,
In addition to the switch mechanism 32 for selecting an air conditioning mode for switching between cooling operation or heating operation, a switch mechanism 37 for selecting a hot water storage mode that can be turned on and off independently is provided, and when the hot water storage mode is selected with this switch mechanism 37, In the heating mode, the hot water tank 18
Based on the detection result of the hot water storage completion detection sensor 33 provided at the hot water storage completion sensor 33, the hot water storage operation is performed with priority over the heating operation until the hot water storage is completed, and after the hot water storage is completed, the hot water storage operation is automatically switched to the heating operation, When only the heating mode is selected by the switch mechanism 32, the hot water storage operation is performed using residual heat from the heating operation based on the detection result of the temperature detection sensor 35 provided in the indoor unit 24. Engine-driven heat pump.