JPH01251298A - Fire detector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To calculate the distance between a mask and an element column, the distance from the mask up to the flame in accordance with a flame edge position on the column and the horizontal and vertical angle of the flame by providing a slit mask between the flame and a light receiving element column. CONSTITUTION:When a slit mask 50 and a CCD 10 are in parallel, for a distance lo, the leg of the perpendicular from an edge (a) of a flame 40 is P1 and P4, projection points on the CCD of edges P2 and P3 of a slit 51 are P5 and P6, and intersections of straight lines aP2 and aP3 are P7 and P8, DELTAaP2P1 and DELTAP2P7P5 are of the similar figure, and therefore, unknown la can be calculated. A distance lb from a flame edge (b) can be calculated in the same way. With known numeric values lb-la and Za-Ab, a width W of the flame is calculated by the Pythagorean theorem. The distance of a middle point R1 of the width W is (lb-la)/2. When the middle point of an infrared ray filter 52 is R2, a horizontal angle thetaH is obtained from the ratio of segments R1R2 and R3R2 and in the same way, a vertical angle thetaV of the flame can be calculated. By the constitution, the detector to be able to judge the direction, distance and size of the flame is obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a fire detection device that detects the location of a fire.

[Prior Art] Conventional fire detection devices (hereinafter simply referred to as "detectors") are provided one for each predetermined warning range, and when the detector receives radiant energy of a predetermined level or higher, It is known to issue an alarm because it is a fire.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As described above, in the conventional detector of this type, one light receiving element receives radiant energy within the warning range, and a fire judgment is made based on the absolute value of the output signal. ing. Therefore, the output signal of the light receiving element includes information for determining the direction of the flame, information for determining the distance from the detector to the flame, and information for determining the size of the flame. Since it is not possible to extract the direction of the flame.

There is a problem in that it is impossible to judge distance and size.

An object of the present invention is to provide a detector that detects the location of a fire by detecting the distance, horizontal angle, and vertical angle from the detector to the flame.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the present invention, a light receiving element array detects light from a flame, a slit mask is provided between the flame and the light receiving element array, and a distance between the slit mask and the light receiving element array is determined. The distance to the flame, the horizontal angle, and the vertical angle of the flame are determined according to the position of the end of the flame on the light-receiving element array.

[Function] In the present invention, a light receiving element array detects light from a flame, a slit mask is provided between the flame and the light receiving element array, and the distance between the slit mask and the light receiving element array and the light receiving element array are determined. Since the distance to the flame, the horizontal angle, and the vertical angle of the flame are determined according to the end position of the flame on the element array,
The distance to the flame, horizontal angle, and vertical angle can be determined reliably.

[Example] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

The detection device 1 of this embodiment includes a COD image sensor (hereinafter simply referred to as rccDJ) 10H and a CCD 1
A/ that converts the analog signal from 0H into a digital signal
An oscillator 21 that sends clock pulses to the D conversion circuit 20H, the CCD 10H and the A/D conversion circuit 20H, and the A/D conversion circuit 20H.
Data input interface 22H for signals from conversion circuit 20H,! 1m, RAM (random access memory)
23, a data output interface 24, an MPU (microprocessor unit) 30 that controls the entire operation of the above embodiment, and a ROM (read only memory) 3.
1.

Further, in the above embodiment, a slit mask 50H having a slit 51H is provided on the front surface of the CGD 10H. The slit mask 50H is provided with an infrared filter 52, as shown in FIG. 2(1).

The CCD 10H has a large number of light receiving elements and a gate operated by a read command, and is an example of a light receiving element array that detects light from a flame.

The ROM 31 stores programs that implement the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 6 and 8.

The MPU 30 and the ROM 31 are calculating means for calculating the distance to the flame, the horizontal angle, and the vertical angle of the flame according to the distance between the slit mask 50 and the light receiving element row and the end position of the flame on the light receiving element row. This is an example.

Note that the CCD 10H converts information about the horizontal direction of the flame 40 into an electrical signal. On the other hand, CCD 10V
converts the information in the vertical direction of the flame 40 into an electrical signal, and the slit mask 50V, s') 51V,
A/D conversion circuit 20V, data input interface 22
Similarly to the above, V is a part that inputs or processes information in the vertical direction of the flame 40, and CCD 10H,
It has the same functions as the slit mask 50H, slit 51H, A/D conversion circuit 20H, and data input interface 22H.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

2 to 6 are explanatory views of the operation of measuring the distance from the left end a to the right end of the flame 40 and the width of the flame 40. Since the distance to and the height of the flame 40 can be determined, COD, slit mask, slit, A/D circuit,
At the end of each symbol of the data input interface, neither H, which indicates a horizontal member, nor V, which indicates a vertical member, is omitted. Note that when determining the height of the flame 40, the width W may be replaced with the height H.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the above embodiment, FIG. 2 (1) is a diagram showing the relationship between the flame 40, the slit mask 50, and the CCD 10, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the output voltage on the CCD 10 in the case of FIG.

In this example, a heat source having one end a and the other end of a flame 40 is passed through a slit 51 to the CCD 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a case where infrared rays are irradiated to 0;

The infrared rays from the end a of the flame 40 pass through the slit 51 and irradiate the range of P7 to P8 on the CCD 10, and the infrared rays from the end a of the flame 40 pass through the slit 51 and
Irradiate the Q7-Q8 range on CDlO. In this case, since a large amount of infrared rays are irradiated in the range of P7 to Q8 on the CCD lO, the output voltage of CGDIO in that range is high.

Further, the output voltage gradually increases from Q7 to P7, and gradually decreases from Q8 to P8. The output voltage of the CCD 10 in areas other than Q7 to P8 is written as 0 in FIG. It is. Therefore, CCD 1
The positions of the above Q7, P7, Q8, and P8 on 0 can be easily determined.

In addition, in the natural world, in proportion to the environmental level,
Since the output voltage of the CCD 10 is generated in a region other than Q7 to P8, the positions of the above-mentioned Q7, P7, Q8, and P8 on the CCD 10 can be determined according to the value.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram when calculating the distance #la from the slit mask 50 to one end a of the flame 40 in the above embodiment.

In FIG. 3, the slit mask 5o and the CCD 10 are parallel, the distance from the slit mask 5o to the CCD IO is 0, and the perpendicular line drawn from one end a of the flame 4o to the slit mask 50 and the slit mask 50. CCD
The intersection with l0 is defined as Pl and P4 respectively, and the slit 51
Let the left end and right end of be P2 and P3, respectively.

Each perpendicular line from Socite, P2, P3 to CCD1o and C0D
The intersection points with IO are P5 and P6, respectively, and one end a to P
The intersection of the extension of the straight line up to 2 and C0DlO is P7, and the extension of the straight line from one end a to P3 and CGD I O
Let the intersection point be P8.

In this case, the angles P2, P7, and P5 are θa1, and the angles P3, P8, and P6 are θa2. here,
For example, [angles P2, P7, P5J are "point P2
and the straight line that includes point P7 and the straight line that includes point P7 and point P5, and will be expressed similarly below.

Moreover, in the case of the above example, Δa, P2. PL is ΔP2.
P7. Similar to P5, Δa, p 3 .

Pl is similar to ΔP3, P8, and P6. Here, rΔa, P2, and PIJ are ``point Yu, point P2, and point P1.
``triangle surrounded by'', and will be expressed in the same way below.

Then, let the distance from P4 to P5 be Za, the distance from P5 to P7 be xal, the distance from P6 to P8 be xo2, and the distance from P5 to P6 be xo.

Therefore, the following formulas (1) to (2) hold true.

From the formula and the formula 0, we get the following.

-++BunOIIZaJubuno 1Ixal=lo @x
al+J1a a xal Also, from formula (■) and formula 0, it becomes as follows.

, +0 sentence 0 @ Za +lOa XO+io *
xa2=xa2Φ sentence (1+xa2・sentence a −”−1a * Za +lo # X0=xa2
- Sentence a Then, the distance *la from one end a to the slit mask 50 can be found from the equations (1) and (2) as follows.

, -1a e xal=J1a*xo
2-no *XQ--1a (xo2-xa
+)=lo*XO FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram when calculating the distance #KLb from the other end of the flame 40 to the slit mask 50.

A perpendicular line drawn from one end of the flame 40 to the slit mask 50 and the slit mask 50. Let the intersections with CCD10 be Ql and Q4, respectively.

And P2. Each perpendicular line from P3 to CCD I O and C
The intersections with CD 10 are Q5 and Q6, respectively, and the intersection between the extension of the straight line from one end to P2 and C0DIO is Q.
7, the extension of the straight line from one end to P3 and the CCD
Let the intersection with 10 be Q8.

Then, let the distance from Q4 to Q5 be zb, the distance from Q5 to Q7 be xbl, the distance from Q6 to Q8 be zb2, and the distance from Q5 to Q6 be XQ.

In this case, angle P2. Q7. Q5 is θb1 and angle P3. Q8. QB is f) b2. In addition, in the case of the above example, Δb, P2. Ql is similar to ΔP2°Q7, Q5, and Δb, P3. Ql is ΔP3. Q8. Q6
It is similar to

Therefore, the formulas ■° to ■゛ can be derived.

Therefore, the following equation (■') can be derived from the above equation (1) and (2).

1'-1o 11Zb +JLo @xbl=lo
* xbl-+llb * xbl knee no 1
1Zb = lb* xbl Also, from the formula ■′ and the formula ■′,
The following equation ■′ can be derived.

−”−no * Zb +lo ・XO+J1o
*xb2=xb2e sentence o+Xb2*seeb -”,!Qo +I Zb +Qo e
XO=xb2e fL bAnd the above ■° formula and ■
From the equation ', the distance from the other end of the flame 40 to the slit mask 50 can be determined as shown in the equation (2).

:, lb IIxbl=sentence b*zb2-fLo
@x.

, :lb (zb2-xbl) = lo x.

FIG. 5(1) is an explanatory diagram when determining @W for a flame of 4° in the above embodiment.

In FIG. 5(1), let C be the intersection of the extension of the perpendicular line passing through one end a of the flame 40 to the slit mask 50 and the parallel line passing through the other end of the flame 40 and the slit mask 50. The distance from a to C is 1b-jla, and b
The distance between and C is Za-zb.

Therefore, the width W of the flame 40 can be determined by the Vitagoras theorem, as shown in the following equation.

W = ((text glance a) 2 + (Za - Zb) 2) + lz
,...,,, ■Formula 5 (2) is the left side of the flame 40 @a
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram when calculating the distance between R1, which is the center of the right end, and R2, which is the center of the slit 51.

Here, the intersection of the perpendicular line from R1 to the slit mask 50 and the slit mask 50 is R3, and the angles R1, R2, R
Let 3 be θH. Also, the distance from R2 to R3 is (xo / 2) + Za - (Za Zb)
/ 2.

Therefore, from R2 to R3, there is (XO+Za +Zb)/2, and the distance from R1 to R3 is (text a, ten, b)/2, so the angle θH is as shown in the following equation become.

OH=jan-' [((41a+fLb)/2)/(
(xo+Za+Zb)/2)], °, θ H=tan-
'(C0a+lb)/Cxo+Za+Zb)'1・
-----0 formula also, distance tllL from R1 to R2)
I can be determined by the following [phase] formula.

LH= [((jLa+ib)/2)2+((xo+Z
a+Zb)/2) 2) 11/2... [Phase] Formula By doing the above, the distance 1tLH from the center of the slit 51 to the flame 40 and the width W of the flame 40 can be determined. .

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the above embodiment.

First, data is acquired from each light receiving element constituting the CGD 10 (Sl), and it is determined whether or not there is data of a predetermined level or higher among the respective data (S2). If the energy from the flame of Sm2 at the point im# from the vessel is set to a predetermined level, it is determined whether there is any energy above the predetermined level.

If there is data above a predetermined level, it is determined whether the pattern based on that data is subject to fire pattern recognition (S3). This excludes things such as revolving lights, car headlights, and tail lights. The revolving light has a frequency of 2 to 3 Hz, whereas a normal flame has a frequency of 2 to 3 Hz.
Since it has a flicker of about 8 Hz, it is determined whether or not it is a target for fire pattern recognition based on this frequency.

Then, in steps 34 to S8, the distance Illa from one end a of the flame 40 to the slit mask 50 is calculated.

In this case, first find the position of R7, and then find the position of R8 (S4, S5). ), the output voltage of C0DIO gradually increases and reaches a predetermined constant level, and R8 is at the position where the output voltage gradually decreases by a predetermined amount and settles at the θ level (or the environmental level). It is a point. Then, the position of R5 is a known value, and the distance Xal is calculated based on the positions of R5 and R7 (
S6). Then, the position of R6 is a known value, and the distance xa2 is calculated based on the positions of R6 and R8 (S7).
. Further, the distance j@fL a is calculated using the above equations (1) to (2) (S8).

Then, in the same way as when calculating the distance 1a, the distance afL
b is calculated (S9).

Next, #AW of the flame is calculated using the formula 0 (s i
o).

If the flame width W is larger than the predetermined value WC, then (S
11) If the width W that is greater than the predetermined amount WC continues for a predetermined time (S12), an alarm is output (S13).

The value of the width WC of the predetermined amount or the predetermined time when W greater than WC continues and an alarm is output can be set arbitrarily.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram when obtaining three-dimensional information about the flame 40 in the above embodiment.

The monitoring axis, which is located in the horizontal plane including the measurement center of the detector 1 and is the axis directly in front of the detector 1, is Ll, and the center 4 of the flame 40 is
1 (approximately the same position as R1 in FIG. 5(2)) is designated as L2, and a straight line perpendicular to this vertical @L2 and located within the horizontal plane is designated as L3. Further, a vertical line perpendicular to Ll is L4, a straight line within the plane of the flame 40 and perpendicular to the plane containing Ll is L5, a horizontal line passing through the center 41 of the flame 40 is L7, and the relationship between L7 and L4 is A straight line connecting the intersection and the center of the detector 1 is defined as L6. In addition, in order to simplify the explanation, it is assumed that the flame 40 is flat and vertical.

Furthermore, when viewed from the detector 1, the left end of the flame 40 is a, the right end is b, the upper end of the flame 40 is C, and the lower end is d. Further, the vertical angle from the detector 1 to the lower end d of the flame 40 (elevation angle from L3) is an angle θv1, the vertical angle to the upper end C (elevation angle from L3) is an angle θV2, and from the detector 1 to the left end Let the horizontal angle up to a be the angle θold, and let the horizontal angle up to the right end be the angle OH2.

In this case, if the distance from L4 to the left end a is A, and the distance from L4 to the right end is B, then the width of the flame 40 (distance from a to b) W=A-H.

Also, the horizontal distance intersection H from the detector 1 to the center 41 of the flame 40 is the sum of la (horizontal distance from detector 1 to left end a) and lb (horizontal distance from detector l to right end). It is 172.

In other words, sentence H = (sentence a ten sentences b)/2 It is.

Here, A=standing H (tanθ old).

, °, θ old=jan” (A/JIH) and B=n
H(tan θ)12) -t'.

, °, θH2= tan-' (B/sentence H) Also,
Vertical distance from detector l to center 41 of flame 40! ;L
v is lc (vertical distance gl from detector l to upper end C
) and id (vertical distance from detector 1 to lower end d).

In other words, sentence V=(sentence c+Md)/2. In addition, when calculating the horizontal pressure $la, lb,
The above calculation is performed based on the signal from CGD 10H, but the vertical distance #! ;LC,! ; When calculating Ld, the same calculation as above may be performed based on the ccnt ov signal.

Next, if the distance from L5 to the upper end C is C, and the distance from L5 to the lower end d is D, then the height of the flame 40 (distance i@ from C to d) H=CD.

Here, C=lV (tan QV2).

,",0V2=tan-' (C/AV) Also, D
There is = sentence V (tan θvi) -c'.

, °, θV1=tan-' (D/iV) As described above, the horizontal distance intersection H from the detector l to the center 41 of the flame 40, the horizontal angles θH1 and θH2, and the vertical angle, QV,
Vertical angles θv1 and ov2 are found.

FIG. 8 shows the distance to the flame 40 in the above embodiment,
12 is a flowchart showing operations for determining horizontal angles and vertical angles.

First, import data from CGDl 0H1IOV (5
21) If the data exceeds a predetermined level (S22), confirm that it is a fire pattern by flickering etc.
Calculate fL a 524), similarly calculate the distance to the right end 52.5), calculate the width W of the flame 40 (526), and the width W of the flame 40 is a predetermined value. If it is larger than WC (S27), the predetermined amount WC
Determine whether the above #AW continues for a predetermined period of time (S
27a), the processing up to this point is 31-51 shown in FIG.
It is the same as 2.

527a, if it is detected that 4@W, which is greater than WC, continues for a predetermined time, calculate the distance to the upper end C of the flame 40 and the distance to the lower end d (328.529), and calculate the height H of the flame 40. Calculate (S30), and flame 40
If the height H of is larger than the predetermined value HC (S31
), it is determined whether the height H greater than or equal to the predetermined amount HC is maintained for a predetermined period of time (S32). This is to prevent false alarms.

Then, calculate the horizontal angle of the center 41 of the flame 40.
), calculate the same vertical angle 534), the center 41 of the flame 40
Calculate the distance to (S35) and output data on the distance, horizontal angle, and vertical angle (S36).

Figure 9 shows a state in which the angle of the extinguishing agent emission nozzle 2 is adjusted based on the various data obtained as described above, the pressure of the extinguishing agent is adjusted, and the extinguishing agent is radiated. It is a diagram. In this way, it is possible to extinguish the fire properly and to prevent wasteful use of fire extinguishing agent.

[Effect of the invention] According to the invention, the distance from the detector to the flame, the horizontal angle,
Since the vertical angle can be reliably detected, the location of the fire can be accurately determined, the fire can be extinguished properly, and wasteful use of extinguishing agent can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2(1) and 2(2) are explanatory diagrams of the above embodiment. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for determining the distance gI (a) from the left end a of the flame 40 to the detector in the above embodiment. FIG. 4 shows the distance a! from the right end of the flame 40 to the detector in the above embodiment. ; It is an explanatory diagram for calculating Lb. FIG. 5(1) shows the width W of the flame 40 in the above embodiment.
It is an explanatory diagram when calculating. FIG. 5(2) is an explanatory diagram for determining the distance between R1, which is the center between the left end a and the right end of the flame 40, and R2, which is the center of the slit 51, in the above embodiment. Figure ff56 is a flowchart showing the operation in the above embodiment. FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the above embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the above embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a case where a fire extinguishing agent emitting nozzle is used. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Fire detection device, 10... COD, 30... MPU, 31... ROM, 50... Slit mask, 51... Slit. Patent applicant Nomi Disaster Prevention Industry Co., Ltd. Agent Arata Yokubo - Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 - Figure 5 (1); Zbj Figure 5 (2) 40: Inumugi

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A light-receiving element array that detects light from a flame; a slit mask provided between the flame and the light-receiving element array; a distance between the slit mask and the light-receiving element array; A fire detection device comprising: calculation means for determining the distance to the flame, the horizontal angle, and the vertical angle of the flame according to the end position of the flame on the light receiving element array.