JPH01248931A - Current limiting device - Google Patents
Current limiting deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01248931A JPH01248931A JP63075066A JP7506688A JPH01248931A JP H01248931 A JPH01248931 A JP H01248931A JP 63075066 A JP63075066 A JP 63075066A JP 7506688 A JP7506688 A JP 7506688A JP H01248931 A JPH01248931 A JP H01248931A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- fuse
- accident
- current limiting
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、電力供給回路の事故時に生じる異常大電流
を所定値以下に限流する限流装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a current limiting device that limits an abnormally large current that occurs in the event of a fault in a power supply circuit to a predetermined value or less.
従来の限流装置の構成を第３図に示す。図において、（
１）は例えばナトリウム等のアルカリ金属を限流部材と
して封入した永久ヒユーズ、（２）は前記永久ヒユーズ
（１）に並列に接続された抵抗体である。The configuration of a conventional current limiting device is shown in FIG. In the figure, (
1) is a permanent fuse in which an alkali metal such as sodium is sealed as a current limiting member, and (2) is a resistor connected in parallel to the permanent fuse (1).
この限流装置の端子Ａは電源側に、端子Ｂは負荷側にそ
れぞれ接続される。端子Ａと端子）ｊとの接続相手は上
記と逆であってもよい。なお、第３図は、説明の便宜上
１相分の構成について示しているが、３相回路の場合は
第３図に示す装置が３個併置される。Terminal A of this current limiting device is connected to the power supply side, and terminal B is connected to the load side. The connection partners between terminal A and terminal ) j may be opposite to those described above. Although FIG. 3 shows the configuration for one phase for convenience of explanation, in the case of a three-phase circuit, three devices shown in FIG. 3 are arranged side by side.
次に動作について説明する。正常な運転状態においては
ほとんどの回路電流は永久ヒユーズ（１）を通って負荷
側に流れる。ところが、この限流装置の端子Ｂに接続さ
れた負荷側において短絡等の事故が生じ、異常な大電流
が流れると永久ヒユーズ（１）内のアルカリ金属が前記
の異常な大電流のジュール熱によって短時間で気化して
抵抗値が急上昇する。この結果、永久ヒユーズ（１）に
よって事故電流は短時間で限流される、この時、永久ヒ
ユーズ（１）は高抵抗となるため事故電流は抵抗体（２
）に分流し事故電流の限流動作を維持する。この限流動
作と平行して負荷側または電源側に設けられた遮断器が
解放動作し、事故点が除去される。Next, the operation will be explained. Under normal operating conditions, most of the circuit current flows through the permanent fuse (1) to the load. However, if an accident such as a short circuit occurs on the load side connected to terminal B of this current limiting device and an abnormally large current flows, the alkali metal in the permanent fuse (1) will be affected by the Joule heat of the abnormally large current. It vaporizes in a short time and the resistance value rises rapidly. As a result, the fault current is limited by the permanent fuse (1) in a short time.At this time, the permanent fuse (1) has a high resistance, so the fault current is transferred to the resistor (2).
) to maintain fault current limiting operation. In parallel with this current limiting operation, the circuit breaker provided on the load side or the power source side operates to release, and the fault point is removed.
上記の従来の装置においては、正常な運転状態において
はほとんどの回路電流は永久ヒユーズ（１）を通って負
荷側に流れる。このとき、永久ヒユーズ（１）自身も抵
抗を持っているため、通常の運転電流による発熱も無視
できない程度となり、この放熱のため永久ヒユーズ（１
）にフィンや通風手段を必要とし、絶縁距離の問題、あ
るいは種々装置の収納のために装置が大形化するという
問題があった。In the conventional device described above, under normal operating conditions, most of the circuit current flows through the permanent fuse (1) to the load side. At this time, since the permanent fuse (1) itself has resistance, the heat generated by the normal operating current becomes too much to ignore, and the permanent fuse (1) is used to dissipate this heat.
) requires fins and ventilation means, which poses problems such as insulation distance and the large size of the device to accommodate various devices.
この発明は、上記のような問題点を解消するためになさ
れたもので、通常の運転時の発熱の少ない限流装置を得
ることを目的とする。This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a current limiting device that generates less heat during normal operation.
この発明に関わる限流装置は、永久ヒユーズに超電導素
子を並列に接続し、正常な運転状態における回路電流を
超電導素子に流すようにしたものである。The current limiting device according to the present invention has a permanent fuse connected in parallel with a superconducting element so that a circuit current under normal operating conditions flows through the superconducting element.
この発明に関わる限流装置は、正常な運転状態における
回路電流を超電導素子に流して発熱を減少する。事故時
には超電導素子の超電導状態を破壊し、電流を永久ヒユ
ーズに転流させて限流動作を行う。The current limiting device according to the present invention reduces heat generation by allowing a circuit current in a normal operating state to flow through a superconducting element. In the event of an accident, the superconducting state of the superconducting element is destroyed and the current is diverted to a permanent fuse to perform current-limiting operation.
以下、この発明の一実施例を図について説明する。第１
図において、（１） 、 （２） ｌ Ａ Ｉ Ｂは上
記従来例と同一のものであるので説明を省略する。（８
）は、内部に液体窒素を貯溜した保温タンクである。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1st
In the figure, (1) and (2) l A I B are the same as those in the above conventional example, so their explanation will be omitted. (8
) is a heat-retaining tank that stores liquid nitrogen inside.
液体窒素は図示しない供給手段によって補給される。（
４）は上記保温タンク（８）内の液体窒素によって冷却
される超電導素子で、たとえばイツ） ＩＪウム系セラ
ミック、あるいはビスマヌ系セラミックなどの一般に高
温超電導材といわれるもので、その両端は上記永久ヒユ
ーズ（１）に並列に接続されている。（６）は上記超電
導素子（４）に対して外部から磁場を与える超電導臨界
制御コイル、（６）は上記制御コイル（５）の端子であ
る。Liquid nitrogen is supplied by a supply means (not shown). (
4) is a superconducting element that is cooled by liquid nitrogen in the heat insulating tank (8), and is made of what is generally called a high-temperature superconducting material such as, for example, IJium-based ceramics or Bismanium-based ceramics, and its both ends are connected to the above-mentioned permanent fuse. (1) is connected in parallel. (6) is a superconducting critical control coil that externally applies a magnetic field to the superconducting element (4), and (6) is a terminal of the control coil (5).
次に、動作について説明する。第１図において、正常な
運転状態においては回路電流は、保温タング（８）内の
液体窒素によって冷却されて電気抵抗ゼロの超電導状態
となった超電導素子（４）にのみ流れる。このため、正
常な運転状態においては上記従来例で示したような発熱
はほとんど発生し無い。Next, the operation will be explained. In FIG. 1, under normal operating conditions, circuit current flows only through the superconducting element (4), which is cooled by liquid nitrogen in the heat-insulating tongue (8) and becomes a superconducting state with zero electrical resistance. Therefore, under normal operating conditions, almost no heat is generated as shown in the conventional example.
次に、この限流装置の端子Ｂに接続された負荷側におい
て短絡等の事故が生じ、異常な大電流が流れると、この
給電回路の図示しない検出装置が事故を検知し、切り替
え信号を端子（６）に出力する。Next, when an accident such as a short circuit occurs on the load side connected to terminal B of this current limiting device and an abnormally large current flows, a detection device (not shown) of this power supply circuit detects the accident and sends a switching signal to the terminal. Output to (6).
この結果制御コイル（５）が励磁され、この磁場により
超電導状態を破壊された超電導素子（４）には大きな抵
抗が生じ、事故電流は永久ヒユーズ（１）に転流する。As a result, the control coil (5) is excited, a large resistance is generated in the superconducting element (4) whose superconducting state has been destroyed by this magnetic field, and the fault current is commutated to the permanent fuse (1).
転流した前記事故電流によって永久ヒユーズ（１）内の
アルカリ金属が前記の異常な大電流のジュール熱によっ
て短時間で気化し抵抗値が急上昇する。この結果、永久
ヒユーズ（１）によって事故電流は短時間で限流される
。この時、永久ヒユーズ（１）は高抵抗となるため事故
電流は抵抗体（２）に分流し事故電流の限流動作を維持
する。この限流動作と平行して負荷側または電源側に設
けられた遮断器が解放動作し、事故点が除去される。Due to the commutated fault current, the alkali metal in the permanent fuse (1) is vaporized in a short time by the Joule heat of the abnormally large current, and the resistance value rises rapidly. As a result, the fault current is limited in a short time by the permanent fuse (1). At this time, since the permanent fuse (1) has a high resistance, the fault current is shunted to the resistor (2) to maintain current limiting operation of the fault current. In parallel with this current limiting operation, the circuit breaker provided on the load side or the power source side operates to release, and the fault point is removed.
上記の動作のように、事故電流が生じたときに事故電流
をタンク（３）外の永久ヒユーズ（１）へ転流すること
により、正常な運転中は永久ヒユーズ（１）。As in the above operation, when a fault current occurs, the fault current is diverted to the permanent fuse (1) outside the tank (3), so that the permanent fuse (1) is maintained during normal operation.
超電導素子（４）ともに発熱がなく、この限流装置の放
熱設計は非常に楽なものとなる。また、別の見方をすれ
ば、超電導状態を破壊された超電導素子（４）のジュー
ル損を最小限にすることができるので、限流作用のすべ
てをタンク（８）内の超電導素子（４）のみで行うもの
に比べて、窒素冷却機処理能力、あるいはタンク（８）
の強度をより経済的なものにすることができる。Neither the superconducting element (4) generates heat, and the heat dissipation design of this current limiting device is very easy. Also, from another point of view, since the Joule loss of the superconducting element (4) whose superconducting state has been destroyed can be minimized, all of the current limiting action is transferred to the superconducting element (4) in the tank (8). Nitrogen cooling capacity or tank (8)
strength can be made more economical.
なお上記実施例では、液体窒素冷却の高温超電導体を用
いた例を示したが、超電導現象を示す臨界温度が室温近
くの超電導物質を用いるならば液体窒素を用いる必要は
なく、またタンク（８）も不要となる。さらに、経済性
は若干劣るが、液体窒素の代りに液体ヘリウムを用いて
も、上記実施例と同等の効果を得ることができろ。In the above example, an example was shown in which a high-temperature superconductor cooled with liquid nitrogen was used. However, if a superconducting material whose critical temperature for superconducting phenomena is near room temperature is used, there is no need to use liquid nitrogen, and the tank (8 ) is also unnecessary. Furthermore, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained even if liquid helium is used instead of liquid nitrogen, although it is slightly less economical.
以上のようにこの発明によれば、永久ヒユーズに対して
、臨界値制御手段を有する超電導素子を直列に接続した
ので、通常の運転時にはほとんど発熱しない限流装置を
得ることができるという効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, since a superconducting element having a critical value control means is connected in series to a permanent fuse, it is possible to obtain a current limiting device that hardly generates heat during normal operation. .
第１図はこの発明による限流装置の一実施例を示す回路
図、第２図は従来の限流装置を示す回路図である。
図において、（１）は永久ヒユーズ、（２）は抵抗体、
（４）は超電導素子、（５）は制御コイルである。
なお、図中、同一符号は同一、又は相当部分を示す。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a current limiting device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional current limiting device. In the figure, (1) is a permanent fuse, (2) is a resistor,
(4) is a superconducting element, and (5) is a control coil. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts.
Claims (1)
ーズと、この永久ヒューズに並列に接続された抵抗体と
、前記永久ヒューズに並列に接続された臨界値制御手段
を有する超電導素子とからなる限流装置。A limit consisting of a permanent fuse using an alkali metal as a current-limiting member in the current-carrying part, a resistor connected in parallel to the permanent fuse, and a superconducting element having a critical value control means connected in parallel to the permanent fuse. flow device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63075066A JPH01248931A (en) | 1988-03-28 | 1988-03-28 | Current limiting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63075066A JPH01248931A (en) | 1988-03-28 | 1988-03-28 | Current limiting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01248931A true JPH01248931A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
Family
ID=13565458
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63075066A Pending JPH01248931A (en) | 1988-03-28 | 1988-03-28 | Current limiting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01248931A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04226008A (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1992-08-14 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Hybrid electric current limiter |
| KR100819346B1 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-04-04 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Electric Power Supply Stability Apparatus |
| JP2010076312A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-08 | Fujifilm Corp | Liquid ejection head drive circuit and method of protecting liquid ejection head drive circuit |
| WO2014109319A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | 株式会社東芝 | Battery pack device, battery module and battery module system |
-
1988
- 1988-03-28 JP JP63075066A patent/JPH01248931A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04226008A (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1992-08-14 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Hybrid electric current limiter |
| KR100819346B1 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-04-04 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Electric Power Supply Stability Apparatus |
| JP2010076312A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-08 | Fujifilm Corp | Liquid ejection head drive circuit and method of protecting liquid ejection head drive circuit |
| WO2014109319A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | 株式会社東芝 | Battery pack device, battery module and battery module system |
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