JPH01236096A - Drum dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To uniformly dry a laundry in a drum and to shorten a drying time even at the time of executing a load in a standard load quantity or above by blowing a drying heated air from the axial direction and external cylinder direction of a rotary drum and alternately switching the blowing direction for a definite time. CONSTITUTION:The heated air is conducted to a duct 15A by opening a damper 14A and closing a 14B, and it is supplied from a blowing part 9A into a drum 1. The laundry in the drum 1 is rotated along with the drum 1 in a condition to be somewhat pressed against an external cylinder surface 10 side of the drum 1 by the pressure of the heated air. In such a condition, the moisture adhesion quantity at the external cylinder surface 10 side is made into a high value. Next, when the heated air is conducted to a duct 15B by closing the damper 14A and opening the 14B and supplied from a blowing part 9B into the drum 1, a laundry 12 in the drum 1 is made into a condition to be a little pressed into the drum 1 by the blowing pressure of the heated air. In such a condition, for the laundry on the external cylinder surface, the moisture adhesion quantity is made small in comparison with that of the central part of the drum 1. By alternately switching the blowing of the heated air, the uniforming of the drying and the shortening of the drying time can be realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a drum dryer for drying general household goods, hotel linen, hospital standard bedding, etc. after washing them.

(Conventional technology) In the laundry industry, used dirty towels, sheets, wrappers, and other pieces of cloth (hereinafter referred to as linen) received from hotels, hospitals, etc. are processed and shipped as clean linen to hotels, hospitals, etc. are doing.

The processing steps include ■washing, ■dehydration, ■drying,
■Separate from finishing, items that need to be completely dried such as towels■～■
Items that require ironing, such as sheets and wrapping cloths, are processed in steps ■ to ■ (however, step ■ takes a short time). Also, since sheets, wrappers, etc. are ironed in a subsequent process, a short drying process, for example 2 to 3 minutes, is sufficient, but towels, etc. need to be completely dried in the drying process. If this drying is insufficient, mold may grow on the surface of the towel, and customers may complain about discomfort when using the towel at a hotel or the like. Therefore, the laundry industry takes great care in drying towels and the like.

For this reason, the drying process generally takes about 25 to 30 minutes.

In the conventional drying method, the washed and dehydrated linen is placed in a rotating drum, and then the linen is fixed in the drum while the drum is rotated at a rotation speed where the centrifugal acceleration on the inner circumference of the drum is less than the gravitational acceleration IG. Drying is carried out by blowing hot air onto the linen by blowing dry heated air (hereinafter referred to as hot air) into the drum while lifting the linen with a beater or the like and letting it fall under its own weight from above the drum.

For this reason, the volume of the drum requires a space in which the laundry can move freely, and generally requires a space that is approximately twice the volume required for the washing and dewatering process. Therefore, washing, dehydration,
The drum volume of a fully automatic washer-extractor-dryer, in which each step of drying is processed continuously in one drum, is twice the volume of the washer-extractor, causing an increase in machine price and machine size. .

Here is the standard load calculation basis for commercial laundry machines! l# (Japan Industrial Machinery Manufacturers Association) is explained as follows: Standard load Q=f・-πD2L f: Load rate kg/Washing extractor: 45+30 [) Dryer: 40 D・Inner diameter of drum inner body m L length of the inner drum of the drum (m) The length of the inner drum of the drum is limited by the ability to take in and take out laundry, so it is usually 10 to 1.3 when the load is 30 kg.
It is. At this time, the dryer capacity is 1 for the washer-extractor.
．． It becomes 875-2.1.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In the drying process of a conventional washer-dehydrating/drying machine, if an excessive load is put into the drum compared to the standard load amount,
It has been confirmed that since the laundry cannot move freely within the drum, the laundry may dry unevenly depending on the area within the drum, and the drying time is longer than the load. Moreover, uneven drying causes the laundry to be overdried, resulting in a significant shortening of its lifespan.

An object of the present invention is to provide a tram-type dryer that is capable of uniformly drying the laundry in the drum and shortening the drying time even when the drum is loaded with more than a standard load. It is something to do.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the present invention provides an apparatus for drying clothes etc. placed in a rotary drum having porous holes, in which the rotary drum is horizontally bearing, and the axial direction of the rotary drum and the outer cylinder are Dry heated air is blown in from different directions, and the blowing direction is alternately switched at regular intervals.This is a means to solve the problem.

(Function) By blowing hot air from the outer cylinder direction of the drum, the hot air passes from the outer periphery to the inner periphery of the laundry and is heated, so the amount of moisture attached to the laundry is easier to dry on the outer periphery. . Next, when hot air is blown from the axial direction of the drum, the hot air passes from the center of the drum to the outer periphery, so the center of the drum is easier to dry (and the amount of moisture attached is smaller). This allows the laundry in the drum to be heated and dried uniformly in a short time.

(Embodiments) The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments of the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show embodiments of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating drum, which has a cylindrical shape and is rotatable while keeping the rotating shaft 3 approximately horizontal.It is fixed to a pulley 4 fixed to the rotating shaft 3, a driving heald 5, and a motor 7. The drive pulley 6 is driven by a transmission path of the drive pulley 6. Further, holes 19 for ventilation and water passage are provided in the outer cylindrical surface 10 of the drum 1.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an outer shell, which is placed outside the drum 1. A drum support 8 consisting of a bracket and bearings that support the drum rotating shaft 3 is fixed to one side, and water, steam, and heated air are supplied to the drum 1 on the other side. A blowing section 9A for supplying etc.,
9B is fixed. The rotating shaft 3 is fixed to the drum 1 and serves as a drum driving shaft. Further, the pulley 4 is a pulley for driving the drum 1,
It is fixed to the rotating shaft 3. The motor 7 is a power source for driving the drum 1, and its rotational speed is set by a speed variable device 30.

The blowing part 9A is fixed to the inlet part of the drum outer body 2,
It sends water, steam, heated air, etc. into the drum 1.
It has a ring shape and has an opening 20 on its inner peripheral surface. Further, the drum 1 has a structure that prevents supplied water, steam, heated air, etc. from leaking to the outside. Further, the blowing section 9B is fixed to the side surface of the outer shell 2 and serves to blow heated air into the drum 1. A blower 11 sucks outside air, exchanges heat with the hot air through the heater 24, and blows one or both dampers 14A and 1 which are opened.
4B, and is fixed to the side surface of the drum outer body 2. Hot air is sent to the outer shell 2 of the tram 1 through ducts 15A and 15b.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a door, which is opened when linen is put into the drum 1 and closed during washing, spin-drying, and drying processes. Also door 1
The inner surface of the drum 6 is in close contact with the blowing part 9A of the outer shell 2 of the drum, so that water, steam, heated tea, etc. do not leak to the outside of the outer shell 2.

Numeral 17 denotes a heater, which is a plurality of axially extending chevron-shaped plates attached to the inner surface of the outer cylindrical surface 10 of the drum 1, and has the effect of lifting the linen upward as the drum 1 rotates. Reference numeral 18 denotes a seal, which is fixed to the drum outer body 2 and has a structure that slides on the outer cylinder surface 10 of the drum 1, and is supplied into the drum 1 from the blowing section 9A. It has the role of preventing heated steam, heated air, etc. from leaking into the outer shell 2 without entering the tram 1.

The water passage hole 19 is a hole with a diameter of several mm that is bored on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1, and allows washing water, detergent, etc. to enter and exit the drum 1 and the outer body 2 during the washing process. In addition, in the dewatering process, as the drum 1 is rotated at high speed,
Moisture shaken off from the linen is discharged into the outer shell 2 through this hole. - In the drying process, the heated air supplied into the drum 1 supplies energy into the drum 1 to dry the linen, and then this air is discharged from the hole 19 into the interaural space 2 and out of the machine. It is discharged. Reference numeral 20 denotes an opening, which is a hole bored in the inner peripheral surface of the blowing section 9A, through which heated steam, heated air, etc. are supplied into the drum 1. Note that the heated air is also supplied from the blowing section 9B, and is supplied into the drum 1 via the outer shell 2. 21 is the water supply pipe, drum 1
This is the pipe that sends water for washing inside. Reference numeral 22 denotes a drain pipe, which is used to drain water from the drum outer body 2 during the washing process or during the dewatering process, and whether or not the water is drained is controlled by opening and closing the damper 23. damper 23
is opened when draining water from the outer shell 2, and the washing water in the outer shell 2 and the water shaken off by dehydration are discharged from the outer shell 2 through a drain pipe 22 to a drain groove 22 outside the machine. Note that the damper 23 is closed when the water is not drained from the outer shell 2. 24 is a heater,
When supplying heated air into the drum 1, a blower 11 sucks air outside the machine, and a heater 24 heats indoor air and sends it into the drum 1.

The heater 24 is generally of a type that exchanges heat between steam or heated oil and room air.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an exhaust port, which is provided in a part of the outer shell 2 of the drum, and is a port for discharging the air inside the outer shell 2 to the outside of the machine.

In addition, the air exhausted from the drum 1 contains a large amount of linen lint, so the exhaust port 2
By passing the air exhausted through the exhaust air filter 27 through the lint filter 27, the lint contained in the exhaust air can be captured. 28 is an exhaust duct for discharging the exhaust gas from which lint has been removed through the lint filter 27 to the outside of the machine. Further, the speed variable device 30 is a device for adjusting the rotational speed of the morph 7, and controls the tram 1 so that it is rotated at an optimal speed in each of the washing process, dehydration process, and drying process.

31 is a vibration isolator, and the drum 1, outer shell 2, etc. are suspended on the vibration isolator 31.

Next, to explain the function, first of all, in the case of washing, the water supply pipe 2
1, a certain amount of water is supplied into the drum 1 and the outer shell 2. Since the drum 1 has a hole 19 on its outer circumferential surface, the water supplied into the drum 1 passes through the same size 19 and accumulates in the outer shell 2, after which the water level inside the tram 1 gradually rises. When the water level reaches a certain level, the water level is checked by a water level detection device (not shown), and the water supply is stopped when the water level reaches a certain level. Door 16 is then opened and linen is fed into drum 1.

Next, the motor 7 is driven to rotate the constant rotation drum 1.

Note that repeating forward and reverse rotation of the drum 1 is effective in preventing dry plating of linen. Next, detergent and auxiliary agents are supplied to the drum 1 from a detergent and auxiliary agent supply device (not shown).
For pre-washing, supply water inside the tank. When the pre-washing is completed, the damper 23 is opened and the washing water used in the pre-washing is drained into the drain pipe 22.
After a certain period of time, or when a sensor (not shown) detects that the prewash water has been completely discharged, the damper 23 is closed. Next, washing water is similarly supplied into the drum 1 to a certain water level, and detergent and auxiliary agents are supplied into the drum 1 from a detergent and auxiliary agent supply device (not shown).

Here, a tea nozzle (not shown) is activated to blow steam into the water in the outer shell 2 to raise the temperature of the washing water to a certain temperature. Regarding the rotation of the drum 1, the rotation speed of the motor 7 can be varied by controlling the speed variable device 30. In addition, when the laundry is lifted above the drum 1 by the beater 17 and dropped, the mechanical force generated by the collision with the water surface, and furthermore, the drum 1 is vibrated by a vibration device (not shown), and the relative relationship between the linen and the washing water is increased. Washing time can be shortened by forcibly increasing the speed. In this way, main washing is carried out in hot water, and then the drum 1 is rotated at a medium speed to shake off the washing water adhering to the wash cloth using centrifugal force. At this time, naturally, the damper 23 is opened to drain the washing water from the drain pipe 22 to the outside of the machine.

Thereafter, the damper 23 is closed, water is again supplied into the drum 1, and the Susuki process is performed. Note that the susukuri process may be performed in the same manner as the washing process, and after the rinsing process of repeatedly supplying and draining washing water is completed, the dehydration process begins next.

Next, dewatering will be explained. The drum 1 is controlled by the speed variable device 30 and is operated at a rotation speed of 1 to 1.5 Gj]11 on the inner periphery of the drum. Thereby, the linen contained in the tram 1 can be distributed almost uniformly on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 1. After this state is reached, the drum 1 is rotated at high speed, and the water adhering to the linen is discharged to the outside through the holes 19 of the drum 1 due to centrifugal force. is discharged to.

In addition, steam is supplied from a steam nozzle (not shown) into the rinsing water during the rinsing process before entering the dehydration process.

As a result, the temperature of the rinsing water rises, and as a result, the temperature of the linen gradually rises to nearly 100°C. Since the surface tension of water decreases as the water temperature rises, the dehydration effect in centrifugal dehydration can be increased by about 20%.

Next, to explain drying, near the end of the dehydration process, the damper 14A is opened, the damper 14B is closed, and the heater 24
The heated air is supplied into the drum 1.1 via the duct 1-15A and the blowing section 9A (Fig. 4). After a certain period of time,
This time, close damper 148, open damper 14B, and start tact 1.
5B and into the drum 1 via the blowing section 9B (Fig. 5). As a result, the laundry 12 in the drum 1 is
Both the center and outer circumference of the drum are heated.

When the dehydration process is completed, the process directly proceeds to the drying process.

If the load of the laundry 12 is calculated and fed into the drum 1 as a washer-dehydrator and the drying process is started in this state, the load as a dryer will be about twice the normal load. Due to the bulkiness of the laundry 12, the drum 1 is almost full as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the laundry 12 cannot move freely under its own weight.

Here, the rotational speed of the drum 1 will be expressed in terms of gravitational acceleration G.

R Ni drum radius (m) n Drum rotation speed (rpm) Note that the rotation speed is preferably less than 10, preferably 0.7 to 0.
It is assumed to be 8G.

The present invention is capable of drying laundry 12 uniformly and in a short time even when an excessive load is applied to the tram 1 than the normal load for a dryer (Japan Industrial Machinery Manufacturers Association standard load, etc.). The purpose is to

That is, first, as shown in FIG.
48 is opened, 14B is closed, the air is guided to the duct 158, and is supplied into the tram 1 from the blowing section 9A.

The laundry in the drum 1 is moved by the pressure of the heated air.
The drum 1 is pressed slightly against the outer cylindrical surface 10 of the drum 1.
rotates with. Heated air is supplied through the exhaust port 26 of the drum outer shell 2.
is ejected from the aircraft.

If drying is continued in this state, the amount of moisture adhering to the center of the drum 1 and the amount of moisture adhering to the outer cylinder surface 10 side will be as shown in Figure 6, with the value on the outer cylinder surface 10 side being nearly 10% higher. Become. The value here is the value 10 minutes after the start of drying, and the average value of the amount of moisture attached decreases over time as shown in the drying curve shown in conventional method (2) shown in Figure 3, and when the drying ends do.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the heated air is guided to the duct 15B by closing the damper 148 and opening the damper 14B.
When the laundry is fed into the drum 1 from B, the laundry 1 in the drum 1 is
2 is slightly pushed into the drum 1 by the blowing pressure of the heated air. If drying is continued in this state, the amount of moisture adhering to the laundry on the outer cylindrical surface will be smaller than that on the center of the drum 1. The amount of moisture adhering to the outer cylindrical surface of the drum and the center of the drum has a distribution shown in FIG. 7, with the center having a high value of nearly 10%. The average value of the amount of moisture deposited decreases with the passage of time, as shown in the drying curve shown in conventional method (1) in FIG.

In the present invention, by alternately switching the blowing of heated air shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 as described above, it is possible to achieve uniform drying and shorten the drying time. The actual measured values are as follows.

Drum shape: Diameter 1.3 m, Depth 0.6 m Blower capacity: 50 m/min Heated air switching cycle: 3 minutes Drying time According to the Japan Industrial Machinery Manufacturers Association standard load, the above drum can be used for washing. The dehydrator weighs 61 kg and the dryer weighs 32 kg. Even when a load of 60 kg was supplied to a standard load of 32 kg for a dryer, drying was possible in 15 minutes, which is 1.5 times the drying time of 10 minutes when the load was 30 kg. Moreover, the laundry inside the drum was able to be dried evenly.

It should be noted that in order to shorten the drying time, the blower capacity is set larger than the normal value.

In the present invention, even if the two methods shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are simultaneously used to supply heated air into the rotating drum 1 for a certain period of time, the laundry 12 in the drum 1 can be dried uniformly. It can be effective in shortening the time. Moreover, although the case of washing with water has been described above, it is also applicable to a dry cleaning machine using an organic solvent such as perchlorethylene. Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiment in which the steps of washing, dehydration, and drying are performed continuously in one machine, the present invention can also be applied to a drum-type dryer that functions only as a dryer.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as explained in detail above,
When more laundry than the standard load capacity of the dryer is fed into the drum, each laundry can be dried uniformly by blowing heated air alternately from the axial direction of the drum and from the outer cylinder direction as in the present invention. At the same time, the drying time can be shortened, and drying with high thermal efficiency can be achieved with a small drum volume.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of a drum dryer showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, and Fig. 3 shows the relationship between the amount of moisture attached and the drying time in the cases of the present invention and the conventional method. Figures 4 and 5 are explanatory diagrams showing different blowing examples of heated air, Figure 6 is the conventional method (1) shown in Figure 3, and Figure 7 is the conventional method (2) shown in Figure 3. ) is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of moisture adhesion and the position of the laundry. Explanation of main parts of the diagram 1 - Drum 2 - Outer cylinder 9Δ, 9B - Blowing section 10 - Outer cylinder surface 11 - Blower 14Δ, 14B - Damper 158, 1513 - Duct 24 - Heater patent Applicant Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Company Fig. 1 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Flash Fig. 6 Fig. 19'lr-cylindrical drum central washing; Tsuka no Takashi's a! Figure 7 Y commercial side drum center δ te, i U L ri 吃 δ wart (procedural amendment June 30, 1988, Commissioner of the Patent Office Yoshi 1) Moon Yi 1, patent application for indication of the case No. 63-61281 2, Name of the invention Drum dryer 3 Relationship to the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 2-5-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Name Title
(620) Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 4, Agent 6 Detailed explanation column 7 of the invention subject to amendment, contents of amendment Contents of amendment 1, page 7, line 19 of the specification, “heated steam” was replaced with “heated air” ” he corrected. 2. Correct "heater" in the first line of page 8 to "heater". 3. On page 8, line 7, "supplied." is corrected to "supplied." 4. Correct "Constant rotation drum 1" on the 4th line of page 11 to "Drum 1 at constant rotation." 5. In the 12th page, line 14, "you may do the same thing, or" should be amended to "you may do it." ”−

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a device for drying clothes, etc. placed in a rotary drum with perforations, the rotary drum is horizontally supported, and dry heated air is blown from the axial direction and the outer cylinder direction of the rotary drum.
This drum dryer is characterized in that the blowing direction is alternately switched at regular intervals.