JPH01230981A - Grain drying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent poor taste when high moisture content grains are filled and improve the finishing quality of the grains, by a method wherein a changing signal is outputted to change an objective hot air temperature so as to be lower than a safety limit hot air temperature when the objective hot air temperature, set in accordance with the filling amount of the grains, has exceeded the safety limit hot air temperature while an objective air discharging amount is increased. CONSTITUTION:A safety limit hot air temperature setting means C sets the safety limit hot air temperature of a burner in accordance with the value of moisture content, measured by a moisture meter 20, during the drying of grains. A comparing outputting means D compares a set safety limit hot air temperature with the objective hot air temperature of a burner, which is set by an objective hot air temperature setting means A, and when the objective hot air temperature exceeds the safety limit hot air temperature, the comparing and outputting means D outputs a changing signal. According to this output, an objective value changing means E changes the persent set objective hot air temperature to a value lower than the safety limit hot air temperature and increases a present set objective air discharging amount. Then, a control means F controls the burner 10 and an air discharging fan 9 to respective objective values, changed and increased. According to this method, the low-temperature drying of the grains may be effected and the amount of discharging air may be increased by an amount corresponding to the reduction of the hot air temperature when the grains contain high moisture.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in a grain dryer that dries grain with hot air.

(Prior technology) When the tire is set to match the gutter of the grain loaded in the dryer, the target value of the hot air temperature is automatically determined, and the combustion of the burner is controlled so that the hot air temperature matches the target value. There is a grain dryer.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In such a dryer, in order to improve drying efficiency, the target value of the hot air temperature is automatically set to become higher as the amount of hot air is increased. For this reason, if the grain has a high moisture content and is poured into a large hole, the high temperature will cause the quality to deteriorate and the taste to be poor, resulting in a problem in which the quality of the grain deteriorates.

Therefore, the present invention prevents the poor taste that tends to occur when dogs are stuffed with especially high-moisture grains as described above,
The purpose is to improve the grain quality of grains.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.

That is, in the present invention, the burner 10 is adjusted according to the amount of grain loaded.
a target hot air temperature setting means A for setting a target hot air temperature of the exhaust fan 9; a target exhaust amount setting means B for setting a standard displacement of the exhaust fan 9; a moisture meter 20 for measuring the moisture content of grains during drying; The safety limit hot air temperature setting means C sets the safety limit hot air temperature of the burner lO according to the value, and the set safe limit hot air temperature is compared with the set target hot air temperature, and the set hot air temperature is changed when the target hot air temperature exceeds the safe limit hot air temperature. A comparison output means for outputting a signal and a target value for changing the set target hot air temperature to below the safety limit hot air temperature and increasing the set target displacement amount when the change signal is output. It consists of a changing means E, and a control means F that controls the hot air temperature of the burner and the exhaust amount of the exhaust fan so that the changed or increased target values are achieved.

(Function) During grain drying, the safety limit hot air temperature setter Bc sets the safety limit hot air temperature of the burner 1° according to the moisture value measured by the moisture meter 20.

The comparison output means compares the set safe limit hot air temperature with the target hot air temperature of the burner 10 set by the target hot air temperature setting means A, and outputs a change signal when the target hot air temperature exceeds the safe limit hot air temperature. Output.

When this change signal is output, the target value changing means E changes the currently set target hot air temperature to below the safety limit hot air temperature set as described above, and increases the currently set target displacement amount. do.

The control means F controls the burner 10 and the exhaust fan 9 so as to achieve the changed or increased target values.

As a result, when the grain has high moisture content, the hot air temperature of the burner 10 becomes relatively low and the grain can be dried at a low temperature, and the displacement of the exhaust fan 9 is reduced by the amount that the hot air temperature of the eighth 10 is lowered. Since the drying rate is increased, the drying rate does not decrease.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a grain dryer embodying the present invention. In the figure, l is the storage chamber of the dryer, and two pairs of floating grain plates 2 are installed at the lower part of the dryer so that they are tilted so that the distance between them becomes narrower as they go downward. Room 3
form.

Two mesh plates 4 are connected in parallel to each lower side of the floating grain plate 2,
A drying chamber 5 is formed between them. Then, a hot air chamber 6 in which a burner 10, which is a drying heat source, is used as a drying heat source is formed between two inner mesh plates 4 provided near the center of the storage chamber 1, and a hot air chamber 6 is formed between two outer mesh plates 4.4 on the left and right sides. An exhaust chamber 8 is formed between the machine wall 7 and the
It is connected to the exhaust fan 9 of the exhaust chamber 8.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a grain collection chamber formed in the shape of a gutter, and a lower helix 12 is installed at the bottom of the chamber, and its terminal end is connected to the lower entrance of a grain hoist 13. Reference numeral 14 denotes a rotary valve pivotally supported at the lower end outlet of the drying chamber 5, and its rotation causes the grains in the storage chamber 1 to flow out through the drying chamber 5 into the grain collection chamber 11.

The upper exit of the grain raising machine 13 is connected to the L installed on the ceiling of the storage room L.
The outlet of this upper helix 15 looks into the storage chamber l.

20 is a moisture meter that measures the moisture content (moisture) of each grain of grain during drying, and is installed, for example, in the flow grain room 3. Reference numeral 21 denotes an outside air temperature sensor attached to the aircraft wall 7 to measure the outside air temperature, and 22 an outside air humidity sensor attached to the aircraft wall 7 to measure the outside air humidity.

23 is a grain temperature sensor installed in the grain flow chamber 3 to measure the temperature of the grain; 24 is an exhaust temperature sensor installed in the exhaust chamber 8;
5 is a hot air temperature sensor installed in the hot air chamber 6. Also 26
27 is a fuel pump that supplies fuel to the burner 10;
is a fuel valve that regulates the fuel supplied to the eighth 10.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 30 is a CPU in the form of a microprocessor.
(Central processing unit), which performs various calculations, judgments, etc., as described below, and controls each component according to predetermined procedures.

31 are, for example, a drying button, a loading button, a discharge button, a stop F button, a stop moisture setting switch for setting a stop moisture value for stopping drying, and a stop moisture setting switch that is set according to the amount of grain loaded into storage chamber 1. It is a single-operator immersion device that is equipped with a tensioning amount setting switch, etc., and is connected to the CPU 3 via an input circuit 32.
Connect with 0. In addition, the moisture meter 20 and each sensor 21~
25 is connected to the CPU 30 via the A/D converter 33.

34 is a display section connected to the CPU 30 via an output circuit 35, and this display section 34 performs various displays.

36 is a read Φ only memory (ROM) that stores the control procedure for the CPU 30 to ff111m each component.
) and a random access memory (RAM) that temporarily stores various data such as measurement data.

37 to 39 are output circuits connected to the CPU 30, respectively, and the output circuit 37 includes a transport motor 40, a heater 41,
A moisture meter motor 42 is connected to each, a fan motor 43 is connected to the output circuit 38, and a fuel pump 26 and a fuel valve 27 are connected to the output circuit 39.

Next, a control example of the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, grain is loaded into the storage chamber 1, and depending on the amount of grain loaded, the loading j! Set the configuration switch. In addition, the stop moisture value at which drying is to be stopped is set using the stop F moisture setting switch.

Next, the target hot air temperature of the burner IO is set to "TC" according to the charging amount set by the charging amount setting switch and the All external temperature of the outside air temperature sensor 21 (step 51). Similarly, the target displacement of the exhaust fan 9,
In other words, the target rotation speed of the exhaust fan 9 is set to the standard value "RC".
” (step S2).

Next, while igniting the burner 10 (step S3)
, operate the moisture meter 20 to measure the moisture content of each grain a predetermined number of times, and calculate the moisture value by averaging each measurement value (
Step S4, 35).

When the calculated moisture value does not reach the stop F moisture value (step S6), the variation in grain moisture is calculated from each measured value measured and stored in step S4. Based on the variation and the measured moisture value obtained in step S5, the safe limit hot air temperature of the burner 10 is set to "TS" (step S8)
.

This safe limit hot air temperature TS indicates the limit value at which grains can be safely dried without becoming dry at high temperatures, and shows a value as shown in FIG. 5, for example. Therefore, as shown in FIG. When the measured moisture value is in the range of 25% to 30% and the variation in grain moisture is "medium", the safe limit hot air temperature is 33%.
Set to ℃.

In FIG. 5, the broken line, the solid line, and the dashed-dot line indicate the safety limit hot air temperature curves corresponding to "large", "medium", and "small" grain moisture variations, respectively.

Next, the “TS” of the safety limit hot air temperature set in this way is
'' is compared with "TC" of the target hot air temperature of the burner 10 set in step S1 (step S9).

As a result, when the target hot air temperature "TC" is higher than the safe limit hot air temperature "TS", for example when the grain has high moisture content or when a large number of grains with high moisture content are loaded, the burner 10
The target hot air temperature of "RC" is lowered from "TC" to "TS" or below "TS" (step 5IO), and the target rotation speed of exhaust fan 9 is lowered to (TC-TA/TS-T) of "RC".
A) Increase by a factor of 5 (step 5ll), where TA is the outside air temperature measured by the outside air temperature sensor.

As a result, when the grain has a high moisture content, the target hot air temperature of the eight-tablet 10 is lowered to "TS", so that the grain is dried at a low temperature and the occurrence of poor taste can be prevented by IF. In addition, the burner 10 has a hot air temperature of "TS".
However, since the amount of air sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 9 increases, the amount of heat imparted to the grains is maintained approximately constant, and the drying speed does not decrease.

On the other hand, when the drying progresses and the target hot air temperature "TC" is less than the safe limit hot air temperature "TS", as in the late drying stage, the target hot air temperature of 8-slO is set to "TC". At the same time, the target rotation speed of the exhaust fan 9 is set to "RC" (step 5L3).

In the above control example, the safe limit hot air temperature of the burner 10 was set based on the grain moisture value and the variation in grain moisture.

However, in the present invention, it is also possible to use the storability of grain as a setting factor.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when changing the lji'l ring depending on the amount of grain loaded into the storage chamber 1, it is preferable that the safe limit hot air temperature is determined according to the amount of grain loaded, that is, When drying a large amount of grain by increasing the amount of grain circulated, the safe limit hot air temperature is set high because the grain passes through the drying chamber in a short time and thermal damage is small.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when determining the safe limit hot air temperature 1j, it is preferable to take into consideration the outside air temperature, grain temperature, and exhaust temperature at that time.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, in the present invention, when the grain has high moisture content or contains a large amount of high moisture grain, the target hot air temperature of the burner is lowered to below the safe limit hot air temperature that does not cause quality deterioration of the grain. At the same time, the exhaust volume of the exhaust fan has been increased, making it possible to dry grains with high moisture content at a relatively low temperature without reducing the drying speed, thereby preventing poor taste and improving the finished quality of the grains. can be done.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a functional diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 is a block diagram of its control system, Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of its control, and Fig. 5 is a measurement FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between moisture value and safe limit hot air temperature. 9 is an exhaust fan, 10 is a burner, 2o is a moisture meter, A is a target hot air temperature setting means, B is a target displacement setting means, C is a safety limit hot air temperature setting means, D is a comparison output means, and E is a target value change. Means, F is control means. Patent Applicant: Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Agent, Farming Department (and 3 others) Figure 2 and R Dob Figure 5 Ship Specification ＜=t Day 21 [%]

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] Target hot air temperature setting means for setting a target hot air temperature of a burner according to the amount of grain loaded; target displacement setting means for setting a target displacement of an exhaust fan; and grain moisture content during drying. A moisture meter that measures the temperature, a safety limit hot air temperature setting means that sets the safe limit hot air temperature of the burner according to the measured moisture value, and a device that compares the set safe limit hot air temperature with the set target hot air temperature, and determines whether the target hot air temperature is the safe limit. a comparison output means that outputs a change signal when the hot air temperature exceeds the hot air temperature; and a comparison output means that changes the set target hot air temperature to below the safety limit hot air temperature when the change signal is output, and outputs a set target exhaust temperature. A grain dryer comprising target value changing means for increasing the target value, and control means for controlling the hot air temperature of the burner and the exhaust volume of the exhaust fan so as to achieve the changed or increased target values.