JPH01228586A - Treatment of ni-cd battery waste - Google Patents
Treatment of ni-cd battery wasteInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01228586A JPH01228586A JP63056696A JP5669688A JPH01228586A JP H01228586 A JPH01228586 A JP H01228586A JP 63056696 A JP63056696 A JP 63056696A JP 5669688 A JP5669688 A JP 5669688A JP H01228586 A JPH01228586 A JP H01228586A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery waste
- battery
- waste
- recovered
- pig iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910003307 Ni-Cd Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、最近著しく普及して来たＮｉ−Ｃｄ 電池の
製造工程での不良品あるいは使用済品等の電池屑から有
用金属であるＮｉ及びＣｄを存効に回収する方法に関す
るものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is directed to the production of Ni, a useful metal, from battery waste such as defective or used products in the manufacturing process of Ni-Cd batteries, which have recently become extremely popular. The present invention also relates to a method for recovering Cd effectively.
〈従来の技術〉
この様なＮｉ−Ｃｄ電池屑の処理方法としては、低温還
元焙焼による蒸留処理を用い、Ｃｄを回収し、その残渣
をＮｉ原料となす方法が一部実施されている。<Prior Art> As a method for treating such Ni-Cd battery waste, a method has been partially implemented in which Cd is recovered using a distillation process using low-temperature reduction roasting, and the residue is used as a Ni raw material.
〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉
しかるに上記低温還元焙焼方式では、その回収産物の品
質が粗悪であると共に、処理に伴う公害対策が大変であ
り、さほどを効な方法とはいえず、従って大部分の電池
屑は未処理のままに放置されているのが現状である。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the above-mentioned low-temperature reduction roasting method, the quality of the recovered product is poor, and it is difficult to prevent pollution associated with the treatment, so it cannot be said to be a very effective method. Currently, most battery waste is left untreated.
本発明は、上記現状に鑑み、Ｎｉ−Ｃｄ Ｔ４池屑を無
公害条件下に、効率良く処理する方法を提供する事を目
的とするものである。In view of the above-mentioned current situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for efficiently processing Ni-Cd T4 pond waste under pollution-free conditions.
く課題を解決するための手段〉
上記本発明の目的は、次の如き手段を採用する事により
達成出来る。即ち、溶融状の銑鉄又は綱（以下溶湯とい
う）に、Ｎｉ−Ｃｄ 電池層を投入する事で、溶湯の有
する顕熱及び溶湯中に含まれるカーボンによって作り出
される還元雰囲気により、Ｃｄ分は還元揮化されるので
その揮化物をコンデンサー等で回収し、該回収物から金
属Ｃｄを得、一方電池屑のＮｉ分は、溶湯と容易に反応
しＦｅ−Ｎｉ合金を形成するので、該合金の形態でその
まま使用したり、必要に応してはその後更にＮｉを分別
したりする事が出来るのである。一方電池屑に含まれて
いる他の成分たるＮａ、 Ｋ 、 Ｍｎ、 ＡＩ！、
Ｓｉ等は、それらが所謂溶融スラグ状となるので、若し
Ｃｄが若干量残存していたとしても、その後に水冷等の
急冷処理を施す事で、Ｃｄをも巻込んだ形態のガラス状
物になり、完全に不溶性化するのでその後にＣｄが溶出
する事はない。Means for Solving the Problems> The above objects of the present invention can be achieved by employing the following means. That is, by introducing a Ni-Cd battery layer into molten pig iron or steel (hereinafter referred to as molten metal), the Cd content is reduced and volatile due to the sensible heat of the molten metal and the reducing atmosphere created by the carbon contained in the molten metal. The volatile matter is collected by a capacitor or the like, and metal Cd is obtained from the collected material. On the other hand, the Ni content of battery waste easily reacts with the molten metal to form an Fe-Ni alloy, so the form of the alloy is The Ni can be used as is, or if necessary, the Ni can be further separated. On the other hand, other components contained in battery waste include Na, K, Mn, and AI! ,
Si etc. form a so-called molten slag, so even if a small amount of Cd remains, by subsequent rapid cooling treatment such as water cooling, a glass-like material containing Cd can be formed. Since it becomes completely insoluble, Cd will not be eluted after that.
なお上述の如＜、ｃｄは還元揮化物として回収するので
、その雰囲気は還元状態に保つ必要があり、通常は溶湯
中に含まれるカーボン、そして１３００〜１６００’Ｃ
という高温下である為に自ら還元雰囲気が形成されるも
のと思われるが、電池層中のＣｄの酸化され度合が激し
く、しかも用いる溶湯中のカーボン量が低い場合には、
Ｃｄの酸化状況に応じコークス粉等の還元剤を約２〜５
重量％配合する事もある。As mentioned above, since CD is recovered as a reduced and volatile product, the atmosphere must be kept in a reducing state, and normally carbon contained in the molten metal and 1300 to 1600'C
It is thought that a reducing atmosphere is formed due to the high temperature, but if the degree of oxidation of Cd in the battery layer is severe and the amount of carbon in the molten metal used is low,
Depending on the oxidation status of Cd, add a reducing agent such as coke powder for about 2 to 5 minutes.
It may be added by weight%.
電池層は、各種形態の物があるが、それが粉粒状物とさ
れている場合には、溶湯との反応性を考慮すれば適宜大
きさの塊状物として用いる方がよく、この際に上記還元
剤を配合する時にはその両者の混練塊状物として用いる
事が望ましい。The battery layer can be in various forms, but if it is in the form of powder or granules, it is better to use it as a lump of an appropriate size considering its reactivity with the molten metal. When blending the reducing agent, it is desirable to use both as a kneaded lump.
又溶湯は、出来る限り高温に保持する事が、反応時のエ
ネルギー的にも、又十分な流動性を有するが為にも必要
で、この溶湯に対し投入添加する電池層や還元剤の量に
もよるが、必要によっては溶湯を保持する容器として、
アーク電気炉や誘導加熱電気炉等加熱機構を有する容器
を用いる事もある。一方揮化物を回収するコンデンサー
は、約５００〜６００°Ｃに保持しておく必要がある。In addition, it is necessary to maintain the molten metal at as high a temperature as possible, both in terms of energy during the reaction and in order to have sufficient fluidity. Depending on the situation, it may be used as a container to hold molten metal.
A container with a heating mechanism such as an electric arc furnace or an induction heating electric furnace may be used. On the other hand, the condenser for recovering volatile substances must be maintained at about 500 to 600°C.
〈実施例〉 以下本発明の実施例を、図面を参酌し乍ら詳述する。<Example> Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
図面は本発明方法の概要説明図であり、反応容器１に収
容した溶湯２は、加熱機構３によりその融点よりも約１
００°Ｃ高い状態に保持している。The drawing is a schematic explanatory diagram of the method of the present invention, in which the molten metal 2 accommodated in the reaction vessel 1 is heated to about 1
It is maintained at a high temperature of 00°C.
これに対し、主原料用ホッパー４からＮｉ−ｃｄ’１池
屑５あるいは該電池層に還元剤６を配合塊成化した物を
、又電池層５と還元剤６とを別々に投入する場合には還
元剤６は補助原料用ホッパー７から投入し、容器１内で
反応を進行させる。この原電・４の投入量は多過ぎれば
溶湯２の凝固をまねくし、少な過ぎれば投与エネルギー
原単位の上昇をまねくので、溶湯２の温度や加熱機構３
からの投与エネルギーの兼合で適宜法められるべきであ
るが、実験の結果は通常１分間当りに溶湯量の約２〜５
重量％が好ましい事が判った。On the other hand, when the Ni-cd'1 waste 5 or the agglomerated product containing the reducing agent 6 in the battery layer is charged from the main raw material hopper 4, or the battery layer 5 and the reducing agent 6 are charged separately. In this step, the reducing agent 6 is introduced from the auxiliary raw material hopper 7 and the reaction is allowed to proceed in the container 1. If the input amount of the electric power 4 is too large, it will cause solidification of the molten metal 2, and if it is too small, it will cause an increase in the unit energy consumption, so the temperature of the molten metal 2 and the heating mechanism 3
The amount of energy to be administered should be adjusted accordingly, but experimental results show that approximately 2 to 5 of the amount of molten metal per minute is normally used.
It has been found that % by weight is preferable.
この様な反応により、電池層５中のＣｄ分は還元揮化さ
れ、該揮化Ｃｄを多量に含む排ガス８は、約９００°Ｃ
の状態でコンデンサー９へ導かれ、凝縮して金属Ｃｄ１
Ｏとして回収され、更にその排ガス１１は、ＣＯを主成
分とする為に、二次空気１２を導入する形式のアフター
バーナー１３で燃焼させ、次いで冷却。Through such a reaction, the Cd content in the battery layer 5 is reduced and volatilized, and the exhaust gas 8 containing a large amount of volatilized Cd is heated to about 900°C.
is led to the condenser 9 in the state of
Since the exhaust gas 11 contains CO as a main component, it is burned in an afterburner 13 that introduces secondary air 12, and then cooled.
除塵、洗浄等の排ガス処理設備１４を経て放出する。The gas is discharged through exhaust gas treatment equipment 14 for dust removal, cleaning, etc.
一方反応容器１内には、電池層中のＮｉ分がＦｅと反応
し、生じたＦｅ−Ｎｉ合金１５は容器底部から排出され
、又その他の成分たるＮａ、 Ｋ 、 Ｍｎ、 Ａｌ
、 Ｓｉ等の反応混合物から成るスラグ１６は上部排出
口から排出される。On the other hand, inside the reaction vessel 1, Ni in the battery layer reacts with Fe, and the resulting Fe-Ni alloy 15 is discharged from the bottom of the vessel, and other components Na, K, Mn, Al
, Si, etc., is discharged from the upper outlet.
〈発明の効果〉
以上述べて来た如く、本発明方法によれば、まず全処理
工程を通じ、外部へ放出するのはＣｃｌを凝縮回収し、
しかも残余のＣＯを主成分とする排ガスを二次空気を使
い完全に燃焼せしめ、更に冷却。<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the method of the present invention, throughout the entire treatment process, Ccl is condensed and recovered to be released to the outside.
What's more, the remaining exhaust gas, whose main component is CO, is completely combusted using secondary air and further cooled.
除塵、洗浄をなした排ガスと、急冷処理をなす事により
水に不溶性なガラス質体となるスラグ以外は有価金属と
しての回収物であるので完全に無公害的である。そして
回収物としての金属Ｃｄ及びＦｅ−Ｎｉ合金は処理工程
中僅かのＣｄがスラグ中へ移行する事を除けばほぼ全量
が回収出来、しかもＣｄ及びＮｉばそれぞれが別体とし
て取出せるので両者の分離率、ひいでは品位が高く回収
効率も大である。Except for the exhaust gas that has been dust-removed and cleaned, and the slag, which becomes a water-insoluble vitreous material after rapid cooling, it is completely non-polluting because it is recovered as valuable metals. Almost all of the recovered metal Cd and Fe-Ni alloy can be recovered, except for a small amount of Cd migrating into the slag during the treatment process.Moreover, since Cd and Ni can be taken out separately, both It has a high separation rate, high quality, and high recovery efficiency.
更に本発明は、製銑、製鋼工場等高温の溶湯を在する工
場で処理すわば、咳溶湯が有する顕熱を有効に活用する
事が出来、別途加熱機構から投与するエネルギーを節約
する事も可能である。Furthermore, if the present invention is processed in a factory containing high-temperature molten metal, such as a pig iron or steel factory, the sensible heat of the molten metal can be effectively utilized, and the energy that must be separately administered from a heating mechanism can be saved. It is possible.
図面は本発明方法の概要説明図。
図中、１：反応容器
３；加熱機構
４：主原料用ホッパー
７：補助原料用ホッパー
９：コンデンサー
特許出顎入 日本磁力選鉱株式会社
代 理 人 有 吉 教 晴
−〇つThe drawing is a schematic explanatory diagram of the method of the present invention. In the figure, 1: Reaction vessel 3; Heating mechanism 4: Hopper for main raw material 7: Hopper for auxiliary raw material 9: Condenser with patented jaw
Claims (1)
屑を投入し、揮化物を回収し金属Ｃｄを得ると共に、Ｎ
ｉはＦｅ−Ｎｉ合金として回収することを特徴とするＮ
ｉ−Ｃｄ電池屑の処理方法。 ２、Ｎｉ−Ｃｄ電池屑と共に、コークス粉等の還元剤を
配合することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のＮｉ−Ｃｄ
電池屑の処理方法。 ３、投入するＮｉ−Ｃｄ電池屑、あるいは還元剤を配合
したＮｉ−Ｃｄ電池屑を、予めペレット又はブリケット
状の塊成化物として用いること特徴とする請求項１若し
くは２に記載のＮｉ−Ｃｄ電池屑の処理方法。 ４、銑鉄又は鋼を溶融状態に保持するのに、アーク電気
炉あるいは誘導加熱電気炉を用いることを特徴とする請
求項１〜３のいずれかに記載のＮｉ−Ｃｄ電池屑の処理
方法。[Claims] 1. Ni-Cd battery scraps are put into pig iron or steel kept in a molten state, volatile matter is recovered to obtain metal Cd, and N
i is N, characterized in that it is recovered as a Fe-Ni alloy
A method for disposing of i-Cd battery waste. 2. The Ni-Cd according to claim 1, wherein a reducing agent such as coke powder is blended with the Ni-Cd battery waste.
How to dispose of battery waste. 3. The Ni-Cd battery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Ni-Cd battery waste to be input or the Ni-Cd battery waste mixed with a reducing agent is used in advance as a pellet or briquette-like agglomerate. How to dispose of waste. 4. The method for treating Ni-Cd battery waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an electric arc furnace or an electric induction heating furnace is used to maintain the pig iron or steel in a molten state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63056696A JPH01228586A (en) | 1988-03-09 | 1988-03-09 | Treatment of ni-cd battery waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63056696A JPH01228586A (en) | 1988-03-09 | 1988-03-09 | Treatment of ni-cd battery waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01228586A true JPH01228586A (en) | 1989-09-12 |
Family
ID=13034621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63056696A Pending JPH01228586A (en) | 1988-03-09 | 1988-03-09 | Treatment of ni-cd battery waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01228586A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0453904A1 (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1991-10-30 | ANSALDO S.p.A. | Method for disposing of run-down batteries and other waste products made toxic by the presence of heavy metals therein |
| US5505008A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1996-04-09 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Method for recycling materials containing plastic, rubber or lacquer |
| AU673527B2 (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1996-11-14 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for indirect chemical reduction of metals in waste |
| JP2009011968A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-22 | Nippou Kosan Kk | Melting treatment process of lithium battery |
| WO2011045431A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-21 | Sgl Carbon Se | METHOD AND REACTOR FOR PROCESSING BULK MATERIAL CONTAINING Li |
| US8034150B2 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2011-10-11 | Metal Conversion Technologies, Llc | Process and system for material reclamation and recycling |
| JP2018184622A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-22 | Ｊｆｅ条鋼株式会社 | Method of recovering manganese |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5691118A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-23 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Treating method of city refuse |
| JPS5755476A (en) * | 1980-09-18 | 1982-04-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | Data totaling system |
| JPS60255190A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1985-12-16 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Treatment of waste dry battery |
-
1988
- 1988-03-09 JP JP63056696A patent/JPH01228586A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5691118A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-23 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Treating method of city refuse |
| JPS5755476A (en) * | 1980-09-18 | 1982-04-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | Data totaling system |
| JPS60255190A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1985-12-16 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Treatment of waste dry battery |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0453904A1 (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1991-10-30 | ANSALDO S.p.A. | Method for disposing of run-down batteries and other waste products made toxic by the presence of heavy metals therein |
| AU673527B2 (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1996-11-14 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for indirect chemical reduction of metals in waste |
| US5505008A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1996-04-09 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Method for recycling materials containing plastic, rubber or lacquer |
| JP2009011968A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-22 | Nippou Kosan Kk | Melting treatment process of lithium battery |
| US8034150B2 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2011-10-11 | Metal Conversion Technologies, Llc | Process and system for material reclamation and recycling |
| WO2011045431A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-21 | Sgl Carbon Se | METHOD AND REACTOR FOR PROCESSING BULK MATERIAL CONTAINING Li |
| JP2013527306A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2013-06-27 | エスジーエル カーボン エスイー | Method and reactor for processing Li-containing bulk materials |
| JP2018184622A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-22 | Ｊｆｅ条鋼株式会社 | Method of recovering manganese |
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