JPH0122575B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0122575B2 JPH0122575B2 JP13859482A JP13859482A JPH0122575B2 JP H0122575 B2 JPH0122575 B2 JP H0122575B2 JP 13859482 A JP13859482 A JP 13859482A JP 13859482 A JP13859482 A JP 13859482A JP H0122575 B2 JPH0122575 B2 JP H0122575B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light source
- diffuser
- source lamp
- light
- coagulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000023555 blood coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PGOHTUIFYSHAQG-LJSDBVFPSA-N (2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-sulfanylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1cnc[nH]1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O PGOHTUIFYSHAQG-LJSDBVFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000002262 Thromboplastin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000499 Thromboplastin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/51—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid inside a container, e.g. in an ampoule
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は散乱光を検知する光度計に係り、特に
血液の凝固時間測定を行うのに好適な散乱光度計
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a photometer that detects scattered light, and particularly to a scattering photometer suitable for measuring blood coagulation time.
従来の散乱光度計は第１図に示す如き構成を有
している。すなわち、散乱光度計は、光源ランプ
１、光源ランプ用デイフユーザ２、光検知器４、
光検知器用デイフユーザ５から構成されている。
従来例においては、光源ランプ用デイフユーザの
光源ランプに対向する面は、平面である。該デイ
フユーザを透して、反応容器３内に収容された反
応試料液６を照射する。この時得られる。散乱光
の時間変化信号を、第２図に示す。また、上記第
２図に示した散乱光信号の時間に対する一次微分
波形を第３図に示す。 A conventional scattering photometer has a configuration as shown in FIG. That is, the scattering photometer includes a light source lamp 1, a diff user 2 for the light source lamp, a photodetector 4,
It consists of a differential user 5 for a photodetector.
In the conventional example, the surface of the light source lamp diffuser facing the light source lamp is a flat surface. The reaction sample liquid 6 contained in the reaction container 3 is irradiated through the diffuser. You can get it at this time. A time-varying signal of scattered light is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 3 shows the first-order differential waveform of the scattered light signal shown in FIG. 2 above with respect to time.
血液凝固時間測定のうち、特に低濃度領域の活
性部分トロンボプラスチン時間（以下APTTと
呼ぶ）測定においては、凝固完了を示す一次微分
波形信号ピークPcが小さくて不明確であり、凝
固完了が検知できなかつたり、雑音信号ピーク
Pnを間違つて検知したりした。 Among blood coagulation time measurements, especially in the activated partial thromboplastin time (hereinafter referred to as APTT) measurement in the low concentration region, the first-order differential waveform signal peak Pc indicating the completion of coagulation is small and unclear, making it impossible to detect the completion of coagulation. or noise signal peaks.
Pn was detected incorrectly.
上述したような従来の散乱光度計は、同一検体
を複数回測定し、異常なデータを除外する等の方
法により解消されてきたが、測定に時間を要しデ
ータとしての信頼性が低いという欠点を有してい
た。また、従来の散乱光度計は正常血漿を10倍程
度希釈すると、ほとんど検出不能であり、測定可
能領域が狭まいという欠点を有していた。 Conventional scattering photometers as described above have been overcome by methods such as measuring the same sample multiple times and excluding abnormal data, but the drawback is that measurement takes time and the reliability of the data is low. It had Furthermore, conventional scattering photometers have the disadvantage that when normal plasma is diluted about 10 times, it is almost undetectable and the measurable region is narrow.
本発明の目的は、低濃度の血液の凝固信号を検
出することのできる散乱光度計を提供することに
ある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a scattering photometer capable of detecting coagulation signals of low concentration blood.
本発明の要旨は次の如くである。すなわち、試
料容器内に収容された試料由来の拡散光の強度を
増加させる解決策として、試料容器の中心部に照
射する光量を増加させたことにある。懸濁試料の
散乱光信号を安定して得るためには、光源に拡散
板（例えばスリガラス、テフロン板等）を設置し
て、拡散光とする必要がある。しかしながら、効
果的に散乱光を得るためには、光源の光量を強く
する必要がある。 The gist of the present invention is as follows. That is, as a solution to increasing the intensity of diffused light originating from the sample contained in the sample container, the amount of light irradiated to the center of the sample container is increased. In order to stably obtain a scattered light signal from a suspended sample, it is necessary to install a diffuser plate (for example, ground glass, Teflon plate, etc.) on the light source to produce diffused light. However, in order to effectively obtain scattered light, it is necessary to increase the light intensity of the light source.
そこで、本発明は、拡散板の中心部分に円錐状
の凹部を設け、中心部ほど光強度が強くなるよう
光源の照射光に分布をもたせることにより、低濃
度の血液の凝固信号を検出しようというものであ
る。 Therefore, the present invention attempts to detect coagulation signals of low-concentration blood by providing a conical recess in the center of the diffuser plate and distributing the irradiated light from the light source so that the light intensity becomes stronger in the center. It is something.
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described below.
第４図には、本発明の一実施例が示されてい
る。 FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention.
図において、光源ランプ１は、光源ランプ用デ
イフユーザ２内に収容されており、光源から発し
た光は該デイフユーザによつて拡散される。本実
施例においては、該デイフユーザは、テフロン材
を加工したものであり、また光源は、光を中心部
に集光させる為、頭部を凸レンズ状に肉厚とした
レンズ付ランプを使用する。 In the figure, a light source lamp 1 is housed in a light source lamp diffuser 2, and light emitted from the light source is diffused by the diffuser. In this embodiment, the diffuser is made of processed Teflon material, and the light source is a lamp with a lens whose head has a thick convex lens shape in order to condense the light to the center.
該デイフユーザの光源ランプに対向する面の中
心部には、円錐状の凹部１０が設けられており、
該デイフユーザの肉厚は中心部で薄く周辺になる
に従つて厚くなつている。従つて反応容器３に照
射される拡散光は、該デイフユーザの中心部が最
も強く、周辺部になるにつれて弱くなるという光
学的特性を有する。 A conical recess 10 is provided at the center of the surface of the diffuser facing the light source lamp,
The wall thickness of the diffuser is thin at the center and thickens toward the periphery. Therefore, the diffused light irradiated onto the reaction vessel 3 has an optical characteristic that it is strongest at the center of the diffuser and becomes weaker toward the periphery.
上記反応容器内で反応試料液６の凝固反応が生
じると、容器内では懸濁成分（凝固クロツト）が
生成し、上記照射光による散乱光が発し、光検知
器４に散乱光の信号を与える。本実施例による光
検知器は、光検知器用デイフユーザ５内に収容さ
れている。なお光度計ブロツク７は、上述した光
源ランプ１、光源ランプ用デイフユーザ２、反応
容器３、光検知器４、光検知器用デイフユーザ５
を配設する為の部材である。また対照用光検知器
９は、光源ランプ１の光量変動分を補償する為に
設けられたものである。なお、８はデイフユーザ
固定金具である。 When a coagulation reaction of the reaction sample liquid 6 occurs in the reaction vessel, suspended components (coagulated clots) are generated in the vessel, and scattered light is emitted by the irradiation light, giving a signal of the scattered light to the photodetector 4. . The photodetector according to this embodiment is housed in a diff user 5 for a photodetector. The photometer block 7 includes the light source lamp 1, the light source lamp diffuser 2, the reaction vessel 3, the photodetector 4, and the photodetector diffuser 5.
It is a member for arranging. Further, the reference photodetector 9 is provided to compensate for variations in the amount of light from the light source lamp 1. Note that 8 is a differential user fixing fitting.
本実施例による散乱光度計によつて得られた時
間変化の信号を第５図に示す。また第５図で得ら
れた信号を時間微分（ds／dt）した信号を第６図
に示す。 FIG. 5 shows a time-varying signal obtained by the scattering photometer according to this example. Further, FIG. 6 shows a signal obtained by time-differentiating (ds/dt) the signal obtained in FIG. 5.
従来例の第３図に示す一次微分波形と比較し、
第６図で得られた凝固完了を示す一次微分波形信
号ピークP′cは、著しく明瞭であり、雑音信号ピ
ークP′nとの判別を極めて容易である。従つて低
濃度領域の活性部分トロンボプラスチン時間
（APTT）測定においても、従来技術のように、
凝固完了が検知できなかつたり、雑音信号ピーク
を間違つて検知するといつた欠点が解決される。 Comparing with the first-order differential waveform shown in Fig. 3 of the conventional example,
The first-order differential waveform signal peak P'c indicating the completion of coagulation obtained in FIG. 6 is extremely clear and can be very easily distinguished from the noise signal peak P'n. Therefore, even when measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in the low concentration region, unlike conventional technology,
This solves the disadvantages of not being able to detect the completion of coagulation or incorrectly detecting a noise signal peak.
本実施例において観測する現象はAPTT測定
のように、セライト粒子（活性化剤）が沈降して
反応液が澄み、時間とともに散乱光が減少する中
で、凝固による散乱光の増加を検知しようとする
ものである。凝固による散乱光の変化は元来微少
であり、これを光学的に効率よく検知する為に
は、反応試料中で凝固が最も活性に生じる反応容
器の中央部分を観察する必要がある。 The phenomenon observed in this example is similar to the APTT measurement, in which Celite particles (activator) settle, the reaction solution becomes clear, and the scattered light decreases over time, and an attempt is made to detect the increase in scattered light due to coagulation. It is something to do. Changes in scattered light due to coagulation are inherently minute, and in order to efficiently detect this optically, it is necessary to observe the central portion of the reaction vessel where coagulation occurs most actively in the reaction sample.
したがつて、本実施例によれば、従来検知でき
なかつた低濃度範囲における凝固信号の検出が可
能となり、測定可能範囲が拡大した。従来法では
APTT測定において、正常血漿の３〜５倍希釈
が限界であつたのが、正常血漿の10希釈まで十分
に測定可能となつた。 Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to detect a coagulation signal in a low concentration range that could not be detected conventionally, and the measurable range is expanded. In the conventional method
In APTT measurement, the limit was a 3- to 5-fold dilution of normal plasma, but it has become possible to sufficiently measure normal plasma up to a 10-fold dilution.
また、本実施例によれば、凝固完了信号が雑音
信号よりも明確に大きくなり、両者の区別が明瞭
となつた。従つて、間違つたデータを検出するこ
とがなく、データの信頼性向上が可能となつた。 Furthermore, according to this example, the coagulation completion signal was clearly larger than the noise signal, and the two could be clearly distinguished. Therefore, erroneous data is not detected, and data reliability can be improved.
さらに、従来の散乱光度計においては、データ
の信頼性に乏しく、特に低濃度の検体において
は、複数回繰り返し測定を行い、異常データ（雑
音信号由来のもの）を除いていたものが、本実施
例によれば、一回の測定で十分信頼性のあるデー
タが得られる為、繰り返し測定が不要となり、測
定時間の短縮、効率の向上がはかれる。 Furthermore, with conventional scattering photometers, the reliability of the data is poor, and in particular for low-concentration samples, measurements are repeated multiple times to remove abnormal data (derived from noise signals). According to the example, since sufficiently reliable data can be obtained with a single measurement, repeated measurements are not necessary, shortening measurement time and improving efficiency.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、低濃度の
血液の凝固信号を検出することができる。 As explained above, according to the present invention, a coagulation signal of low concentration blood can be detected.
第１図は従来の散乱光度計の断面図、第２図は
第１図図示従来例の出力信号を示す図、第３図は
第２図図示出力信号の一次微分波形図、第４図は
本発明の実施例を示す断面図、第５図は第４図図
示実施例の出力信号を示す図、第６図は第５図図
示出力信号の一次微分波形図である。
１……光源ランプ、４……光検知器、６……反
応試料液、１０……凹部。
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional scattering photometer, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the output signal of the conventional example shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a first-order differential waveform diagram of the output signal shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the output signal of the conventional example shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an output signal of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a first-order differential waveform diagram of the output signal shown in FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Light source lamp, 4...Photodetector, 6...Reaction sample liquid, 10...Recessed part.
Claims (1)
ランプ用デイフユーザを介して光源ランプより照
射し該光源ランプの照射光により反応容器内の粒
子から発せられる散乱光を光検知器用デスフユー
ザを介して光検知器によつて検知することにより
血液の凝固時間測定を行う散乱光度計において、
上記光源ランプ用デイフユーザの中心部に円錐状
の凹部を設けたことを特徴とする散乱光度計。1. A reaction container containing plasma and reagents is irradiated from a light source lamp via a diffuser for a light source lamp, and scattered light emitted from particles in the reaction container by the irradiation light of the light source lamp is photodetected via a diffuser for a photodetector. In a scattering photometer that measures blood coagulation time by detecting it with a device,
A scattering photometer characterized in that a conical recess is provided in the center of the diffuser for the light source lamp.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13859482A JPS5928642A (en) | 1982-08-11 | 1982-08-11 | Photometer for scattered light |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13859482A JPS5928642A (en) | 1982-08-11 | 1982-08-11 | Photometer for scattered light |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5928642A JPS5928642A (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| JPH0122575B2 true JPH0122575B2 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
Family
ID=15225739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13859482A Granted JPS5928642A (en) | 1982-08-11 | 1982-08-11 | Photometer for scattered light |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5928642A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6159628U (en) * | 1984-09-18 | 1986-04-22 | ||
| JP5953129B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2016-07-20 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | Automatic analyzer |
| JP5946776B2 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | Automatic analyzer |
| CN106133527B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2019-04-16 | 株式会社日立高新技术 | Automatic analysing apparatus |
| JP6208356B2 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2017-10-04 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | Automatic analyzer |
| EP4067868A1 (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2022-10-05 | Nova Biomedical Corporation | A calibrating-light module |
-
1982
- 1982-08-11 JP JP13859482A patent/JPS5928642A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5928642A (en) | 1984-02-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0091636B1 (en) | Method for the photometric determination of biological agglutination | |
| US4252536A (en) | Method and system for measuring blood coagulation time | |
| US11022558B2 (en) | Coagulation analyzer and coagulation analysis method | |
| EP3076173B1 (en) | Method for blood sample determination and blood sample analyzer | |
| US4925299A (en) | Hemoglobin detector | |
| US9557264B2 (en) | Automatic analysis device, and automatic analysis method | |
| EP0184242A2 (en) | Method for measuring coagulation parameters | |
| PT1095270E (en) | A screening device and method of screening an immunoassay test | |
| CA3022750C (en) | Evanescent hemolysis detection | |
| GB2069692A (en) | Photometric method and photometric apparatus for determining courses of reactions | |
| JPH0122575B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0356843A (en) | Method for deciding grain pattern | |
| CA2732011A1 (en) | Method for measurement of physiologically active substance derived from organism and measurement apparatus | |
| IE48401B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for discriminating red blood cells from platelets | |
| WO2020132926A1 (en) | Blood sample analysis method and blood coagulation analyzer | |
| JP2000230901A (en) | Optical unit | |
| JPS58172537A (en) | Apparatus for measuring light scattering | |
| JP2006317270A (en) | Turbidity meter | |
| CN113640253A (en) | Turbidity detection method | |
| JPS6371633A (en) | Fine particle counter | |
| CA2329031C (en) | High numerical aperture flow cytometer and method of using same | |
| JPH046465A (en) | Method for treating specimen and method and apparatus for measuring specimen | |
| JPS56137140A (en) | Optical measuring method of blood coagulation | |
| JPH06167449A (en) | Method and equipment for controlling concentration | |
| US4411523A (en) | Cuvette for blood oxygen analysis apparatus |