JPH01218370A - Superconducting actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the structure of a superconducting actuator by moving a movable element with respect to a stator by means of Meissner effect of a superconductor in a magnetic field generated from magnetic field generating means. CONSTITUTION:A superconducting actuator has a moving element 1 composed of a rectangular flat plate superconductor 4, and a permanent magnet 3 buried in circular through holes located in a matrix state on the flat surface of the superconductor 2. A stator 8 is also formed in a flat plate shape, and electromagnets 4 are disposed in a matrix state on the flat surface. Thus, a magnetic field generated by the synergistic action of the magnet 3 and the electromagnet 4 is formed in a distribution 5 of lines of magnetic force by means of Meissner effect of the superconductor 2 in the magnetic field. In this manner, the interval between the element 1 and the electromagnet 4 is held several tens mum by the repelling force therebetween due to the Meissner effect, and the element 1 is moved by the attracting force of the magnet 3 and the electromagnet 4.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to superconducting actuators.

[Prior Art 1] One type of actuator is an electric motor, in which a rotor rotates within a stator to generate power in the form of rotational force.

On the other hand, an example of an electric motor that can obtain power without relying on rotational force is the linear Chiyo. This motor is a type of induction motor, but whereas a normal induction motor has a three-phase winding on the stator, and this winding generates a rotating magnetic field, the rotor rotates. In a linear motor, a rotor (mover) and a stator are linearly extended 1, and instead of a rotating magnetic field, a linear magnetic field that moves in parallel is generated in the stator.

Further, as another form of actuator, there is an electrostatic motor powered by electrostatic force. This motor has a structure in which the distance between the stator and the three movers is kept very small in order to efficiently improve the suction force due to Coulomb force.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in these electric motors, the distance between the rotor and the stator is maintained mechanically, and therefore some mechanical damage occurs due to the movement of the rotor. It was difficult to prevent the generation of frictional force due to physical contact.

In addition, in an electrostatic motor, dust and the like adhere to the minute gap between the stator and the mover due to static electricity, which results in a large amount of frictional force between the stator and the mover. There was a problem with letting it work.

Incidentally, from the viewpoint of maintaining the minute distance between the stator and the moving element without mechanical contact, the use of the Meissner effect, which is one of the characteristics of superconductivity, is noteworthy. However, since the superconducting state occurs at extremely low temperatures, the use of the Meissner effect has been hindered by the rarity of coolants that can achieve extremely low temperatures, such as liquid helium, and by the large number of equipment configurations required for cooling.

However, with the recent appearance of oxide high-temperature superconductors, it has become possible to use liquid nitrogen instead of liquid helium as a coolant, making it possible to realize devices that utilize the Meissner effect.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned viewpoints, and its purpose is to provide a superconducting actuator that minimizes the distance between the stator and the mover and eliminates mechanical contact. .

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve this, the present invention selectively generates an attractive force between a mover made of a superconductor and provided with a plurality of permanent magnets, and each of the plurality of permanent magnets. It has a magnetic field generating means that causes
It is characterized by comprising a stator facing at least one side of the mover.

[Operation J] According to the above configuration, due to the Meissner effect of the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, the distance between the mover and the stator is kept small and in a non-contact state, The movable element can be moved relative to the stator by the attractive force generated by the interaction between the magnetic field generating means and the permanent magnet.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is a partially enlarged side sectional view of a mover and a stator. In the figure, 1 indicates a mover, and the mover 1 is embedded in a superconductor 2 forming a rectangular flat plate and circular through holes located in a matrix on the plane of the superconductor 2, as described later. It consists of a permanent magnet 3.

8 is Al1. The stator is made of a non-magnetic material such as epoxy resin, and the stator 8 also has a flat plate shape. Reference numeral 4 designates electromagnets arranged in a matrix on the plane of the stator 8, and the excitation pulse 6 is turned ON10F by a control circuit (not shown).
F, and a magnetic field line distribution 5 as shown in the figure occurs and disappears.

That is, the magnetic field generated by the interaction between the permanent magnet 3 and the electromagnet 4 forms a magnetic field line distribution 5 due to the Meissner effect of the superconductor 2 in the magnetic field. As a result, the distance between the mover 1 and the electromagnet 4 is maintained at several lOμm by the repulsive force due to the Meissner effect, and the distance between the permanent magnet 3
The attractive force between the electromagnet 4 and the electromagnet 4 allows the mover 1 to move in the direction of the arrow in the figure.

Moreover, since the attractive force that makes the mover 1 move is proportional to the cube of the reciprocal of the distance between the permanent magnet 3 and the electromagnet 4, the minute distance between the mover 1 and the stator 8 realized by the Meissner effect is makes the action of suction more effective.

Furthermore, since the position of the mover 1 is maintained and moved while the entire mover 1 is floating above the stator 8, it is possible to eliminate any kind of mechanical contact to maintain the distance between the mover 1 and the stator 8. becomes.

The magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 3 facing the electromagnet 4 is either N or S, and the excitation pulse 6 is determined so as to generate an attractive force with the electromagnet 4. Moreover, the shape of the permanent magnet 3 is of course not limited to a cylindrical shape.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are a side sectional view and a top view, respectively, for explaining how the mover 1 moves.

As shown in FIG. 3, the mover 1 is a rectangular flat plate that moves in the X direction and the Y direction.
In order to explain the movement in the direction as an example, FIG. 2 is taken as a view taken along the line A--A in FIG. 3. Of course, when explaining movement in the Y direction, FIG. 2 can be used as a BB arrow view in FIG. 3.

FIG. 2(a) shows a state in which the mover 1 has stopped at a predetermined position, and at this time, the position shown in (a) in the figure (there are multiple positions as shown in the figure, but only one position is shown in the figure). The electromagnet 4 (hereinafter the same applies) is energized, and the permanent magnet 3. The positional relationship between the electromagnet 4 and the magnetic field line distribution 5 is symmetrical.

Next, the state shown in FIG. 2(b) is reached, and the electromagnet 4 located at the position indicated by (b) next to (a) in the figure begins to be excited, and (a)
The excitation pulse of the electromagnet 4 at the position begins to deenergize, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 2(C). During this time, mover 1 moves at a predetermined distance! IX, move a lot.

Hereinafter, the process shown in Fig. 2 (a) to (C) is repeated to move from (C) to (d), from (d) to te), (
The state changes sequentially from e) to (f), and each predetermined state is as follows.
For example, this is performed by a control device (not shown) including a CPU as a component.

Figures 4 and 5 show modes of movement in the opposite direction to the movement shown in Figures 2 and 3, and are based on the same principle as explained in Figures 2 and 3. Make a move. Furthermore, in the movements shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, movement in the opposite direction of the Y direction will be similarly explained.

Incidentally, if the operations shown in FIGS. 2(a) to 2(c) are performed in reverse chronological order, a braking action will be performed while the mover l is moving.

Also, when moving in a direction that is a combination of the X and Y directions, first move in the X direction, then move in the Y direction to move to the desired direction and position. If the arrangement of the magnet 3 and the electromagnet 4 and their mutual positional relationship are appropriate, direct movement in the combined direction is also possible.

Further, the stator 8 is arranged on both sides of the mover 1, and the mover 1 is
It will be more efficient if you move the

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, due to the Meissner effect of the superconductor in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, the distance between the mover and the stator can be made minute and The movable element is held in a non-contact state, and the movable element can be moved relative to the stator by the attraction force generated by the interaction between the magnetic field generating means and the permanent magnet.

As a result, we were able to create an actuator with a simple structure that does not generate heat due to friction.

Furthermore, the simple structure makes it possible to produce small actuators.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of an actuator showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. Similarly, the top view, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 are a side sectional view and a top view, respectively, for explaining how the mover moves. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Mover, 2... Superconductor, 3... Permanent magnet, 4... Electromagnet, 5... Magnetic field line distribution, 6... Excitation pulse, 8... Stator. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A movable element made of a superconductor and having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged thereon, and a magnetic field generating means for selectively generating an attractive force between each of the plurality of permanent magnets. A superconducting actuator comprising: a stator facing at least one side of the movable element.