JPH0120959B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0120959B2 JPH0120959B2 JP3862681A JP3862681A JPH0120959B2 JP H0120959 B2 JPH0120959 B2 JP H0120959B2 JP 3862681 A JP3862681 A JP 3862681A JP 3862681 A JP3862681 A JP 3862681A JP H0120959 B2 JPH0120959 B2 JP H0120959B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cavitation
- less
- erosion
- welding rod
- resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Description
本発明は、水力発電用水車ランナ、ガイド・ベ
ーン、ステー・ベーン、船舶用プロペラおよび各
種ポンプ等のキヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨンを
生じ易い部位に用いられる肉盛溶接棒に関する。
キヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン現象は高速流
水中で使用される金属部材の流水面に生じる海綿
状侵食で、その対策としては部材の使用条件に従
つて13クロムステンレス鋼、ニツケル―アルミニ
ウム青銅、18―８ステンレス鋼、17―７PHステン
レス鋼、ステライトなどキヤビテーシヨン・エロ
ージヨンに強い材料を用いることが行なわれてい
る。また、以上の材料をキヤビテーシヨン・エロ
ージヨンの生じ易い部位に局所的に付設すること
もあり、特にステライトは最も耐キヤビテーシヨ
ン・エロージヨン性に優れた材料として肉盛溶接
して用いられることが多い。
しかしながら、ステライトはコバルト基合金で
あるため経済的に不利な欠点があり、さらには延
性、靭性が乏しいため適用範囲が制約される。そ
れに比べると、前述した他の材料は材料費が安
く、経済的に有利である。しかし、それらにも欠
点がある。たとえば17―７PHステンレス鋼は本来
の性質を充分発揮させるための時効熱処理におけ
る温度管理に厳密さが要求され、複雑な形状を有
する大型製品では生産技術上の困難を伴なう。一
般に広く利用される耐キヤビテーシヨン・エロー
ジヨン材料は18―８ステンレス鋼であるが、近年
揚水発電においては高落差化、高揚程化、大容量
化する傾向にあり、18―８ステンレス鋼の耐キヤ
ビテーシヨン・エロージヨン性では不足とするも
のがある。
このような点に鑑み、本発明はステライト相当
の耐キヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン性を示し、
且つ18―８ステンレス鋼の耐力と同等または、そ
れ以下の低耐力を有することにより溶接時の割れ
を生じにくい肉盛溶接用の溶接棒を提供する事を
目的とする。
即ち本発明は、重量パーセントで0.2％以下の
炭素、0.02〜0.3％の窒素の少なくとも一種（た
だし炭素と窒素との合計量は0.3％以下）２％以
下のケイ素、10％以上で14％未満のクロム、0.5
〜10％のニツケル、５〜14％のマンガン、残部が
実質的に鉄あるいはこれに２％以下のモリブデン
を含むことからなる肉盛溶接棒である。
なお、本発明の肉盛溶接棒において、各成分の
添加理由およびその成分限定理由について次に説
明する。
炭素：炭素は耐キヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨ
ン性を向上させる作用をなすものであるが過剰の
添加は耐食性を害することから上限を0.2％とす
る。
窒素：窒素は耐キヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨ
ン性および耐食性を向上させる為に0.02％以上の
添加が必要であるが、過剰の添加はピンホール・
ブルーホールの原因となる為、その上限を0.3％
とする。
なお、炭素と窒素との合計量が0.3％を越える
と、靭性が低下し、さらにピンーホール、ブロー
ホールの原因となる為この範囲とした。
ケイ素：ケイ素は鋼溶製時の湯流れ性を改善
し、また溶接性を改善するために必要であるが、
過剰の添加は靭性を害することから、上限を２％
とする。
クロム：クロムは耐食性を向上させるために、
10％以上の添加が必要であるが過剰の添加は耐キ
ヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン性を低下させるこ
とから上限を14％未満とする。
ニツケル：ニツケルは耐キヤビテーシヨン・エ
ロージヨン性、靭性を向上させるのに必要な元素
で0.5％以上の添加が必要であるが、多量に添加
しても効果は大きくなく、コスト上昇になるた
め、上限を10％とする。
マンガン：マンガンは耐キヤビテーシヨン・エ
ロージヨン性を向上させるために必要な元素であ
るが、５％未満ではその効果は十分でないことか
ら５％以上の添加が必要である。しかし、過剰の
添加は湯流れ性を悪くすることから上限を14％と
する。
モリブデン：モリブデンは耐キヤビテーシヨ
ン・エロージヨン性、耐食性を一層向上させるが
過剰添加は靭性を害することから上限を２％とす
る。
以上の如き組成を選択した肉盛溶接棒を用いて
溶接した場合、その肉盛溶接部は極めて優れた耐
キヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン性を示し、かつ
低い耐力を有する為溶接割れを生じる事もなく作
業性、信頼性に優れた溶接を可能とする。
なお、本発明は水車ランナ、ガイド・ベーン、
ステー・ベーン等水力発電用機器のキヤビテーシ
ヨン・エロージヨン発生部位への肉盛溶接用の溶
接棒として使用できる他、船舶用プロペラ、各種
ポンプ等の肉盛溶接用の溶接棒としても幅広く使
用できるものである。
以下実施例をもつて本発明に係る肉盛溶接棒を
詳細に説明する。
真空高周波誘導溶解炉により第１表に示す組成
の試料を溶製した。実施例１〜25の試料について
は径が２ミリメートルになるまで綿引き加工し、
13％クロム鋳鋼にTIG溶接で肉盛溶接した。
比較例１は18―８ステンレス鋼に相当する市販
のSUS304で上記と同様の処理を施して使用し
た。
このようにして得られた各試料について特性を
調べて、その結果を第２表に示す。
さらに、実施例１，４，５，７，10，13，15，
18，21，23の試料について肉盛溶接部より引張試
験片を切出し引張試験を行ない、その0.2％耐力
を第３表に示す。
The present invention relates to an overlay welding rod used in areas where cavitation/erosion is likely to occur, such as water turbine runners for hydroelectric power generation, guide vanes, stay vanes, marine propellers, and various pumps. Cavitation/erosion phenomenon is a spongy erosion that occurs on the flowing water surface of metal parts used in high-speed flowing water, and as a countermeasure, depending on the usage conditions of the part, 13 chrome stainless steel, nickel-aluminum bronze, 18-8 stainless steel , 17-7PH stainless steel, stellite, and other materials that are resistant to cavitation and erosion are being used. In addition, the above-mentioned materials may be locally attached to areas where cavitation and erosion are likely to occur, and in particular, stellite is often used by overlay welding as it is the material with the best cavitation and erosion resistance. However, since stellite is a cobalt-based alloy, it is economically disadvantageous, and furthermore, it has poor ductility and toughness, which limits its range of application. In comparison, the other materials mentioned above have lower material costs and are economically advantageous. However, they also have drawbacks. For example, 17-7PH stainless steel requires strict temperature control during aging heat treatment to fully demonstrate its original properties, and large products with complex shapes are difficult to produce. The cavitation-resistant and erosion-resistant material commonly used is 18-8 stainless steel, but in recent years there has been a trend toward higher head, higher head, and larger capacity in pumped storage power generation. There is something lacking in terms of erosion properties. In view of these points, the present invention exhibits cavitation and erosion resistance equivalent to Stellite,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a welding rod for overlay welding that has a low yield strength equal to or lower than that of 18-8 stainless steel and is less likely to cause cracks during welding. In other words, the present invention provides at least 0.2% carbon, 0.02 to 0.3% of at least one type of nitrogen (however, the total amount of carbon and nitrogen is 0.3% or less), 2% or less silicon, and 10% or more but less than 14% by weight. of chromium, 0.5
It is an overlay welding rod consisting of ~10% nickel, 5-14% manganese, and the remainder substantially iron or molybdenum (2% or less). In addition, in the overlay welding electrode of the present invention, the reason for adding each component and the reason for limiting the components will be explained below. Carbon: Carbon has the effect of improving cavitation and erosion resistance, but excessive addition impairs corrosion resistance, so the upper limit is set at 0.2%. Nitrogen: Nitrogen needs to be added in an amount of 0.02% or more to improve cavitation/erosion resistance and corrosion resistance, but excessive addition may cause pinholes and
The upper limit has been set to 0.3% as it may cause blue holes.
shall be. It should be noted that if the total amount of carbon and nitrogen exceeds 0.3%, the toughness will decrease and further cause pinholes and blowholes, so this range was set. Silicon: Silicon is necessary to improve flowability during steel melting and to improve weldability.
The upper limit is set at 2%, as excessive addition impairs toughness.
shall be. Chromium: Chromium is used to improve corrosion resistance.
It is necessary to add 10% or more, but since excessive addition reduces cavitation and erosion resistance, the upper limit is set to less than 14%. Nickel: Nickel is an element necessary to improve cavitation resistance, erosion resistance, and toughness, and it is necessary to add 0.5% or more, but adding a large amount does not have a large effect and increases costs, so the upper limit is set. 10%. Manganese: Manganese is an element necessary to improve cavitation and erosion resistance, but if it is less than 5%, the effect is not sufficient, so it is necessary to add 5% or more. However, the upper limit is set at 14% because excessive addition impairs the flowability of the metal. Molybdenum: Molybdenum further improves cavitation/erosion resistance and corrosion resistance, but excessive addition impairs toughness, so the upper limit is set at 2%. When welding is performed using an overlay welding rod with the composition selected above, the overlay welded part exhibits extremely excellent cavitation and erosion resistance, and has low yield strength, so welding cracks do not occur and workability is improved. , enables highly reliable welding. Note that the present invention relates to a water turbine runner, a guide vane,
It can be used as a welding rod for overlay welding on cavitation/erosion areas of hydraulic power generation equipment such as stays and vanes, and can also be widely used as a welding rod for overlay welding on ship propellers, various pumps, etc. be. EXAMPLES The overlay welding rod according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Examples. Samples having the compositions shown in Table 1 were melted using a vacuum high-frequency induction melting furnace. The samples of Examples 1 to 25 were cotton-pulled to a diameter of 2 mm,
Overlay welded on 13% chromium cast steel using TIG welding. In Comparative Example 1, commercially available SUS304, which corresponds to 18-8 stainless steel, was used after being treated in the same manner as above. The characteristics of each sample thus obtained were investigated and the results are shown in Table 2. Furthermore, Examples 1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15,
Tensile test pieces were cut out from the overlay welds for samples 18, 21, and 23 and subjected to a tensile test, and the 0.2% yield strength is shown in Table 3.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
なお、キヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン試験
は、電歪振動法により周波数6.5KHz、振幅
100μm、25℃の純水中で120分行ない、次式によ
りキヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン指数（C.E.
I.）を求めた。
C.E.I.＝キヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン減量（グラ
ム）／試験時間（分）×比重×106
実施例１〜25のC.E.I.は従来耐キヤビテーシヨ
ン・エロージヨン性に優れているとされている
SUS304（比較例１）より著しく小さく、本発明
に係る肉盛溶接棒を用いた場合には優れた耐キヤ
ビテーシヨン・エロージヨン性を有している。
また、１，４，５，７，10，13，15，18，21，
23の0.2％耐力は20Kg／mm2以下の耐力を示し溶接
割れに対する抵抗を有していることがわかる。上
記以外の実施例についても同様に0.2％耐力は20
Kg／mm2以下であつた。
以上説明した如く、本発明に係る13％クロム鋼
からなる肉盛溶接棒を用いた場合には優れた耐キ
ヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン性を有し水力発電
用水車ランナ、ガイド・ベーン、ステー・ベー
ン、船舶用プロペラ、および各種ポンプ等、耐キ
ヤビテーシヨン・エロージヨン性を要求される部
材への肉盛溶接用溶接棒として適したものと言え
る。[Table] The cavitation/erosion test was conducted using the electrostrictive vibration method at a frequency of 6.5 KHz and an amplitude of 6.5 KHz.
The cavitation/erosion index (CE) was calculated using the following formula:
I.) was sought. CEI = cavitation/erosion weight loss (grams)/test time (minutes) x specific gravity x 10 6 The CEIs of Examples 1 to 25 are conventionally considered to have excellent cavitation/erosion resistance.
It is significantly smaller than SUS304 (Comparative Example 1) and has excellent cavitation and erosion resistance when the overlay welding rod according to the present invention is used. Also, 1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15, 18, 21,
It can be seen that the 0.2% yield strength of No. 23 is less than 20 Kg/mm 2 and has resistance to weld cracking. Similarly, the 0.2% yield strength is 20 for the examples other than the above.
It was less than Kg/ mm2 . As explained above, when the overlay welding rod made of 13% chromium steel according to the present invention is used, it has excellent cavitation and erosion resistance, and can be used in water turbine runners for hydropower generation, guide vanes, stay vanes, ships, etc. It can be said that it is suitable as a welding rod for overlay welding on parts that require cavitation and erosion resistance, such as industrial propellers and various pumps.
Claims (1)
素の少なくとも一種で、ただし二種の場合の合計
量は0.3％以下、２％以下のケイ素、10％以上で
14％未満のクロム、0.5〜10％のニツケル、５〜
14％のマンガン、残部が実質的に鉄からなる事を
特徴とする肉盛溶接棒。 ２ 重量％で0.2％以下の炭素、0.02〜0.3％の窒
素の少なくとも一種で、ただし二種の場合の合計
は0.3％以下、２％以下のケイ素、10％以上で14
％未満のクロム、0.5〜10％のニツケル、５〜14
％のマンガン、２％以下のモリブデン、残部が実
質的に鉄からなる事を特徴とする肉盛溶接棒。[Claims] 1 At least one of carbon at 0.2% or less and nitrogen at 0.02 to 0.3% by weight, provided that the total amount of the two types is at most 0.3%, silicon at 2% or more, and at least 10% by weight.
Less than 14% chromium, 0.5-10% nickel, 5-
An overlay welding rod characterized by 14% manganese and the remainder essentially iron. 2 At least one of carbon at 0.2% or less and nitrogen at 0.02 to 0.3% by weight, but the total of two types is 0.3% or less, silicon at 2% or more, and 14 at 10% or more.
less than % chromium, 0.5-10% nickel, 5-14
% manganese, 2% or less molybdenum, and the remainder substantially iron.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3862681A JPS57154394A (en) | 1981-03-19 | 1981-03-19 | Welding rod for build-up welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3862681A JPS57154394A (en) | 1981-03-19 | 1981-03-19 | Welding rod for build-up welding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57154394A JPS57154394A (en) | 1982-09-24 |
| JPH0120959B2 true JPH0120959B2 (en) | 1989-04-19 |
Family
ID=12530445
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3862681A Granted JPS57154394A (en) | 1981-03-19 | 1981-03-19 | Welding rod for build-up welding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57154394A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100391683C (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2008-06-04 | 上海金刚冶金材料有限公司 | Nitrogen alloy tube wire used for continuous casting roll embedding arc pile up welding and corollary welding flux |
| EP4316727A1 (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-02-07 | Outokumpu Oyj | Filler metal for welding of dissimilar welds |
| CN117506230B (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-15 | 成都工业学院 | Welding rod core wire and wear-resistant surfacing welding electrode |
-
1981
- 1981-03-19 JP JP3862681A patent/JPS57154394A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57154394A (en) | 1982-09-24 |
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