JPH01203942A - Method and device for selecting fine spherical particle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately select fine spherical particles which are small in specific gravity by dropping aspherical particles on a particle selection plate while displacing the aspherical particles selectively by a larger quantity in an acceleration direction than the spherical particles. CONSTITUTION:Particles are supplied by a proper amount at a time onto the particle selection plate 2 which has a smooth surface and slants so that the particles are easy to roll. Acceleration in one horizontal direction is applied intermittently in both directions of the selection plate 2. Consequently, a group 3 of particles to be selected receives frictional force from the surface of the selection plate 2 and rolls nearby the upper part of a lock bank 2 on the selection plate 2 with inertial force. The aspherical particles 3B receive larger kinetic energy in the acceleration directions from the surface of the selection plate 2 than the spherical particles 3A and are easily displaced. Consequently, every time the selection plate 2 is applied with the acceleration, the aspherical particles 3B roll downward by gravitation while displaced gradually and greatly in the acceleration direction. The spherical particles 3A is small in displacement quantity in the acceleration direction and roll down along the slanting surface of the selection plate 2. The fine spherical particles are therefore selected with accuracy.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for sorting spherical particles from a group of fine particles.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a centrifugal sorter using centrifugal force has been used as a technique for sorting spherical particles from a group of particles having approximately the same particle size.

Also, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 57-28307, soybeans,
A sorting machine is disclosed that separates and sorts foreign objects such as flats, squares, and irregularly shaped objects, as well as non-spherical objects that approximate a spherical shape, from spherical objects such as red beans and pearls. In this device, an endless belt is suspended between two rolls at a predetermined inclination, a lower part and an upper part, and spherical objects are fed from the lower belt surface to prevent the spherical objects from clumping on the belt surface. It has a serrated plate.

This device sorts objects based on differences in friction on the belt surface due to differences in object shape.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, the weight and specific gravity are small, and the particle size is several μm or more.
In the case of sorting fine spherical particles on the order of several hundred micrometers, the former method has the disadvantage that the particles to be sorted are blown away by the action of the airflow accompanying the swirling, resulting in low sorting accuracy.

Moreover, in the latter case, the gap between the serrated plate and the belt must be significantly narrowed, which results in structural unreasonableness.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for sorting spherical particles and non-spherical particles, which have low specific gravity, are suitable for sorting fine spherical particles, and have excellent sorting performance and productivity.
' [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.

1) Particles to be sorted are supplied onto a particle sorting plate with a smooth surface and a predetermined inclination, and acceleration is intermittently applied to the particle sorting plate in the plane direction of the sorting plate and in one horizontal direction. , a method for sorting fine spherical particles in which non-spherical particles are allowed to fall onto a particle sorting plate while being selectively given a larger displacement in the direction of acceleration than spherical particles.

2) Particle i! with a smooth and sloped surface and a locking ring for particles to be sorted at the top. (ii) a fine grain machine comprising a separate plate, a particle supply means for supplying particles to the upper side of the locking ring, and an acceleration applying means intermittently applying acceleration in one horizontal direction in the surface direction of the sorting plate; A sorting device for spherical particles.

[Action and effect of invention] The present invention has the following functions and effects due to the above configuration.

Appropriate amounts of particles are fed to a particle sorting plate 1 with a smooth and sloped surface so that the particles can be transferred easily.

At the same time, acceleration is intermittently applied to the particle sorting plate in one horizontal direction in the surface direction of the particle sorting plate by, for example, hitting the side edges of the particle sorting plate.

The particles to be sorted are subjected to frictional force from the surface of the sorting plate and are moved near the upper part of the locking ring on the particle sorting plate due to inertial force.

Compared to spherical particles, non-spherical particles receive greater frictional force from the surface of the sorting plate and are less likely to rotate, so they receive high kinetic energy from the surface of the sorting plate in the direction of acceleration and are more likely to be displaced in the direction of acceleration.

Therefore, each time acceleration is applied to the sorting plate, the non-spherical particles are gradually displaced greatly in the direction of acceleration and transferred downward under the action of gravity.

Most of the kinetic energy of spherical particles becomes rotational energy, so the amount of displacement in the direction of acceleration is small, and the particles roll downward along the slope of the particle sorting plate due to the action of gravity.

Due to the above-mentioned effects, the particle sorting method and apparatus of the present invention can efficiently select spherical particles from a group of particles that include non-spherical particles, have low specific gravity, and are fine.

Note that the acceleration of the return of the sorting plate is set to a magnitude such that the particles and the sorting plate move integrally.

[Example] Next, the present invention will be explained based on an example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The device A for sorting fine spherical particles of the present invention includes a base 1 on which the device A is installed, and a particle sorting plate 2 that is slidably placed on the base 1 and has a smooth and inclined surface 21a. , a locking ring 4 for the particles to be sorted 3 provided on the upper part of the sorting plate 2;
A particle supply means 5 for supplying particles 3 is provided above the locking ring 4 of the sorting plate 1. The sorting plate 2 is mounted on the side of the base 1.
An acceleration applying means 6 is installed to apply acceleration intermittently in one horizontal direction.

The base 1 includes a base plate 11 having an inclination angle θ of 20'', four legs 12 fixed to the corners of the lower surface of the base plate 11, one pair of which is long and the other pair of legs which are short. It has an edge 13 that supports the lower side of the plate 2.

The particle sorting plate 2 is made of metal and has a surface 21 by polishing, mounting, etc.
A rectangular sorting plate main body 21 with a smoothly formed shape, and a metal frame 22 that surrounds the rectangular sorting plate main body 21 and holds the sorting plate main body 21.
It consists of.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the sorting plate main body 21 is
Metal steel plate 30 on 2910 sides of hollow box body, metal frame 2 on side
2 is fixed to reduce weight.

The inclination angle θ of the sorting plate main body 21 is appropriately selected depending on the supply rate, weight, and size of the particles 3 to be sorted, the smoothness of the plate, and the intensity of acceleration, and is usually set at 5° to 60°.

In this embodiment, it is placed on the base plate 11 of the base 1 and is held at an angle of 20°.
It becomes. ! On the surface 21a of the wooden board main body 21, there are provided the locking ring 4 on the upper right side, a carry-out plate 41 for the non-spherical particles 3B on the left side of the middle part, and a collecting ring 42 for spherical particles on the lower right side. These winter 4.41.42 are all installed horizontally or slightly downward to the left, with the left end serving as the particle discharge end. Export plate 41 and collection ring 42
A notch 23 is provided at the lower edge of the frame 22 to serve as an outlet for the spherical particles, and a notch 24 is provided at the left edge to serve as an outlet for the non-spherical particles 3B. There is. Horizontal box installation stands 25 and 26 are fixed to the outer wall surface of the frame 22 in correspondence with the notches 23 and 24, and each box installation stand 2
A spherical particle storage box 27 and a non-spherical particle storage box 28 are placed at 5.26, respectively.

A return means (not shown) made of an elastic body such as a spring or rubber is provided between the base 1 and the sorting plate 2.

The particle supply means 5 includes a funnel-shaped metal hopper 51,
A hopper support frame 52 is fixed to the side of the base and supports the hopper 51, and one end (upper end) is fitted into the cylindrical outlet of the lower part of the hopper 51 and is hung vertically, and the inner wall is smooth and flexible. The hose 53 is made of transparent resin and has a transparent resin. The other end of the hose 53 is penetrated by a metal fitting 54 for fixing the other end to the upper side of the locking ring 4, and a nozzle 55 for supplying the particles 3 in appropriate amounts is attached. 56 is screwed onto the metal fitting 54 and is screwed into the hose 5.
This is a particle supply adjustment screw that reduces the cross-sectional area of No. 3.

The particles to be sorted 3 are accommodated in the hopper 51 .

This m1lli particle 3 contains 92% by weight of aluminum oxide (All□03) with an average particle size of 1.5 μm, 4% by weight of silicon dioxide (S iOz ), and calcium oxide (Ca
b) Add 4 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol to 100 parts by weight of a mixed powder consisting of 2% by weight and 2% by weight of magnesium oxide (Mg0), wet mix, and use a spray dryer to obtain the desired particle size. Manufactured to be.

As shown in FIG. 2, the acceleration applying means 6 includes a striking device 7 attached to the base 1 via two mounting plates 61 and 62 attached to the right side of the base 1, and the frame 22. and a hit plate 63 fastened to the outer surface of the right side edge 22A.

The striking device W7 has a motor 65 with a reduction gear 64 fastened to a mounting plate 61, and a cam 67 attached to an output shaft 66 of the motor 65. A countershaft 68 is pivotally supported on the mounting plates 61 and 62 in parallel to the output shaft 66. A hammer 71 having a roller arm 69 on the lower side and a hammer arm 70 on the upper side is pivotally supported on the counter shaft 68. A roller 72 is pivotally attached to the lower end of the roller arm 69, a hammer head 73 is formed at the upper end of the hammer arm 70, and the arm 74 of the hammer arm 70 and the base plate 11 of the base 1 are connected to each other.
A return spring 75 is stretched between.

Next, the operation of this apparatus A for sorting fine spherical particles will be explained.

The rotation of the motor 65 is decelerated to a predetermined rotation speed, and the cam 67
rotates and presses the roller 72, and the roller arm 69
, the hammer arm 70 rotates around the counter shaft 68, and the hammer head 73 strikes the plate 63 to be hit. As a result, the impact device 7 intermittently applies the acceleration to the right edge 22A of the metal frame 22 surrounding the edge of the particle sorting plate 2 in the surface direction of the sorting plate 2 and in one horizontal direction. gives acceleration to.

The particles 3 to be sorted housed in the hopper 51 are transferred to the hose 5
An appropriate amount is supplied to one part of the locking ring 4 from the nozzle 55 at the tip of the locking ring 4. The particles 3 to be sorted roll around the surface 4a of the locking ring 4 and the bonding area with the particle sorting plate 2, and then move from the edge 4C of the locking ring 4 to the sloped surface 21a of the particle sorting plate 2. rolling.

Particle group to be sorted 3.3...3 is the surface 2 of the sorting plate 2
In addition to receiving frictional force from 1a, inertial force acts.

Compared to the non-spherical particles 3B, the spherical particles 3A receive less frictional force from the surface 21a of the sorting plate 2 and rotate easily, so they do not receive much leftward acceleration energy from the surface 21a of the sorting plate 2. , the displacement to the left is small, and due to the action of gravity, the particles are transferred along the surface 21a of the slope, and are stored in the spherical particle storage box 27 via the collection ring 42 provided correspondingly below.

The non-spherical particles 3B are transferred and slid from the surface 21a to the left lateral direction while receiving the action of gravity each time an acceleration is applied to the sorting plate 2 in the left direction.
Captured by 1. Since the acceleration from the striking device 7 of the acceleration imparting means 6 is transmitted to the carrying-out plate 41, the particles are transferred or slid on the surface 41a of the carrying-out plate 41 and stored in the non-spherical particle storage box 28.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the apparatus for sorting fine spherical particles of the present invention.

In this sorting bag ZB, the locking rings 4 are arranged in four stages, and the four stages of locking ring groups 4.4...4 edge groups 4C14C...
... Corresponding to 4C, the unloading plate 41 is 41.41...
・As shown in 41, they are arranged in four rows.

The spherical particles 3A roll almost along the surface 21a from the edge 4C, and the non-spherical particles 3B roll laterally from the edge 4C toward the surface 21a, so they are captured by the delivery plate 41. By repeating this four times, the spherical particles 3A are stored in the spherical particle storage box 27 via the collection ring 42, which is placed corresponding to the edge 4C of the lowermost locking ring 4, and the non-spherical particles 3B are captured by the discharge bank group 41, 41...41, and are stored in the non-spherical particle storage box 28 via the guide slope 22B.

With the apparatus of this embodiment, the accuracy of particle sorting can be further improved.

The present invention includes the following embodiments in addition to the above embodiments.

(B) In the above embodiment, a metal plate is used as the particle sorting plate 2, but the material is not limited to metal; other materials may be used as long as the surface is smooth and the particles 3 can easily roll. is not limited to a flat plate, but may be a curved plate.

(b) In this embodiment, the particle sorting plate 2 is installed inclined only in the vertical direction, but it may be inclined laterally in order to facilitate the transfer and sliding of the particles 3.

(c) The particle sorting plate 2 may have an inclination angle θ variable in the range of 5° to 60°. Moreover, it may be suspended.

(d) For the locking ring 4 and the carry-out plate 41, the gap between them, the interval between the same members, the thickness, the inclination, the length, the material, etc. may be changed in whole or in part as necessary, and the number of stages of each may be changed. may be increased or decreased.

(E) The period and strength of the acceleration applying means may be changed as appropriate depending on the particle size, weight, material, surface viscosity of the particles 3 to be sorted, and the degree of mixing of the non-spherical particles 3B. As the generation method, a piezoelectric method or a magnetostrictive method may be selected depending on the period and intensity (amplitude).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram for explaining the operation of a vibration generator, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure A... Sorting bag W 2... Particle sorting plate 21a
... Surface 3 ... Particles to be sorted 3A ... Spherical particles 3B ... Non-spherical particles 4 ... Locking ring 5 ... Particle supply means 6 ... Acceleration applying means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) Particles to be sorted are supplied onto a particle sorting plate with a smooth surface and a predetermined slope, and particles are intermittently fed to the particle sorting plate in the surface direction of the sorting plate and in one horizontal direction. A method for sorting fine spherical particles, which comprises applying acceleration to the surface of the particle and causing the non-spherical particles to fall on a particle sorting plate while selectively giving a larger displacement in the direction of acceleration than the spherical particles. 2) a particle sorting plate having a smooth and sloped surface and provided with a locking bank for particles to be sorted on the upper part; a particle supply means for supplying particles to the upper side of the locking bank; and a surface of the sorting plate. 1. An apparatus for sorting fine spherical particles, comprising an acceleration applying means that intermittently applies acceleration in one horizontal direction.