JPH01203827A - Space heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a space heating device where the heat efficiency is excellent, the space heating is rapidly started, and no crack is generated in a structural material, by disposing heat storage material sealed vessels over the full surface of a heater with gaps disposed therebetween without covering the full surface of the heater with the vessels. CONSTITUTION:In the floor heating system, a heat insulating material 2 is laid on the floor 1 consisting of a concrete slab or the like, and a face heater 3 is laid at the upper par of the heat insulating material 2. Vessels 5 in which a heat storage material 4 is sealed are disposed over the full surface of a heater 3 with gaps 10 therebetween without covering the full surface of the heater wit the vessels. A structural material 7 such as mortar or the like is cast from the upper part of the structural material 7 into the vessel 5, and a floor finishing material 8 is laid on the upper part of the structural material 7. Further, a welded metal net 6 is interposed in the structural material 7 to reinforce the structural material 7. With this space heating system, space heating is started rapidly with excellent thermal efficiency without producing overheating of the heat storage material. Upon execution of works, since no space is generated between the heater and the vessel sealed with the heat storage material, no crack is generated in the structural material.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a heat storage type heating device that uses nighttime electricity, and more specifically, to a heating device that is installed on the floor or wall of a residence, office, factory, etc., or storage tank, etc. The present invention relates to a heating device that is applied to locations that require heat retention.

[Problems to be solved by conventional technology and inventions] With the improvement of social life, there is a trend toward a more comfortable life, and heating systems are increasingly being adopted not only in hospital office buildings but also in ordinary homes. ing. Among these heating systems, systems that use hot water have been well known, but recently, a heat storage type heating system that uses cheap late-night electricity has been attracting particular attention. This heat storage type heating system is a system that uses a composition with large latent heat as a heat storage material, heats and melts it with an electric heater, etc., and then retains heat by the solidification heat released when the heat storage material solidifies. It heats and stores heat using low-cost late-night electricity, which is then used for daytime heating. As this heat storage material, for example, NatSO4' 10HtO, Na1
StOs' 5HzO1CaC1g ・6820
Mainly contains hydrated chloride compounds such as, supercooling inhibitors, etc.
Melting point regulators, solid-liquid separation inhibitors, thickening agents, etc. are added as necessary, and the products melt at about 30 to 80°C.
It is a composition that solidifies at about 25 to 70°C and generates heat of solidification during solidification.

Conventionally, a heat storage material is used by being filled in a planar container 5 as shown in FIG. The container 5 is reinforced with vertical ribs 5a and has a large number of elongated chambers 5b with square or rectangular cross sections so that the heat storage material does not separate into layers even after repeated melting and condensation. . Also, JP-A-61
Publication No. 8597 discloses a hollow plate-like body for a heat storage material panel, which has a large number of cells formed between two face materials and holes that communicate between each cell. The outer shape is a rectangular or square plate.

On the other hand, as a heater, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-32442
A planar heater in which a planar heating element is inserted into an electrically insulating and non-ventilated cover as shown in Figure 10 of the publication, or a linear heater is inserted into a planar cover. This type of heater can be mentioned. It is also possible to use a pipe-shaped heater that passes hot water.

When using a conventional heating device in combination with these, for example, when used for floor heating, as shown in Figure 1O, first a heat insulating material 2 such as hard urethane foam is laid on the top surface of the floor l of a building made of a concrete slab or the like. In addition, a heater 3 is installed on top of this heat insulating material 2, and a container 5 filled with a heat storage material 4 is buried in the form of covering the entire surface of the heater 3 or in the entire upper surface of the heater 3 without any gap, and these heaters 3 and A structural material 7 such as mortar is poured into the container 5 from above, and a floor finishing material 8 is laid on top of the structural material 7. Note that the structural member 7 is reinforced with a welded wire mesh 6 interposed therebetween.

However, in conventional heating devices, until the heat storage material 4 melts, the heater 3 acts as a heat insulating material, so both the top and bottom surfaces of the heater 3 are covered with heat insulating material. The floor 1 is not heated until it melts, resulting in a time lag before it is heated. In addition, because of single-sided heating, the heat storage material 4 tends to overheat, which shortens the period until the composition of the heat storage material 4 undergoes layer separation or changes in composition and ceases to function as a heat storage material (its lifespan is shortened). There is a risk that it will be shortened. Furthermore, in the conventional heating system, there is a risk that a space will be created between the heater 3 and the container 4 containing the heat storage material during its installation, so the thermal efficiency will be reduced and the heat of the air in the space will be reduced. Repeated expansion and cooling contraction may eventually cause cracks in the structural material 7 such as mortar.

Therefore, the objects of the present invention are to have excellent thermal efficiency, eliminate the risk of overheating of the heat storage material, start heating quickly, and create a space between the heater and the container containing the heat storage material during construction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating device that is free from the risk of causing cracks in structural materials such as mortar.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a heating device that uses a combination of a heater and a container filled with a heat storage material, in which the container filled with the heat storage material is placed between the heater and the heater without covering the entire surface of the heater. The above object has been achieved by providing a heating device characterized in that gaps are arranged over the entire surface.

(Function) In the heating device of the present invention, the container containing the heat storage material is arranged with gaps scattered over the entire surface of the heater without covering the entire surface of the heater, so that the heat of the heater is transmitted through the gaps. The heat can be transmitted to the heating surface, and there is less time lag between heating with the heater and the start of heating (and there is no overheating of the heat storage material, resulting in good thermal efficiency and no risk of cracks occurring in the mortar layer). .

[Example] Hereinafter, each embodiment of the heating device of the present invention, for example, a floor heating device, will be described.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the floor heating device of the present invention. This floor heating system consists of a floor heating material 2 made of a concrete slab or the like, and a heat insulating material 2 made of hard foamed urethane etc. In addition, a planar heater 3 is installed on top of the heat insulating material 2, and a container 5 containing a heat storage material 4 is placed in contact with the top of the heater 3 without covering the entire surface of the heater 3. , there is a gap l over the entire surface of the heater 3.
These heaters 3 and containers 5
A structural material 7 such as mortar is poured from above, and a floor finishing material 8 is laid on top of the structural material 7. It should be noted that the structural member 7 is reinforced with a welded wire mesh 6 as in the conventional case.

However, the container 5 used in this example is shown in FIGS.
) has the structure shown in In other words, the container 5 is the subject of a utility model registration application filed by the applicant on December 28, 1988 (
A container with the name "heat storage material container" (hereinafter referred to as "previous application"), the container 5 is equipped with a plurality of pipes 5e,
These pipes 5e are assembled into a shelf shape using two supporting members 5c. In other words, holes are formed at equal intervals in the supporting member 5C, and the pipes 5e are inserted into each hole and fixed in a shelf-like manner. Of course pipe 5e
is filled with a heat storage material and sealed at both ends. The pipe 5e may have a polygonal cross-sectional shape such as a circle, an ellipse, an oval, a sector, a triangle, a quadrangle, or a hexagon, or a composite shape thereof, and may have a preferable inner diameter, material, number of pipes in combination, etc. Conditions such as the shape and number of supporting materials are the same as those used in the heat storage material container of the previous application.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that the heater 3 and the container 5 are not in contact with each other, but a gap is provided between them, and the structural material is used between them. The container 5 is arranged with the container 7 interposed therebetween.

Further, the heater 3 is not a planar heater 3 as in each of the above embodiments, but a linear heater 3 can be used as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. In this case, the heater 3 and the container 5 containing the heat storage material 4 may be placed in contact with each other as described above (see Figure 3), or the heater 3 and the container 5 may be separated and placed between them. It is also possible to have a structure material 7 interposed (see FIGS. 4 and 5), and in particular,
It is particularly preferable that the structural material 7 is interposed between the heater 3 and the container 5, since the structural material 7 uniformizes the heat from the heater 3.

In addition, in order to arrange the heaters with interspersed gaps, the container 5 is a rectangular hollow plate-like container with holes arranged at appropriate intervals, as shown in FIGS. 7(a) to 7(d). In the container 5 shown in FIGS. 7(a) to 7(d), the hole 5d forms the gap 10, and the gap 10 is formed over the entire surface above the heater 3. A heating device is constructed by arranging several units. Furthermore, it is also possible to arrange the hollow plate-shaped container 5 containing the heat storage material perpendicularly to the surface on which the heater 3 is arranged.

In addition, in the present invention, the capacity of the container 5 containing the heat storage material and the structural material 7 such as mortar interposed in the gap 10 are
Since the relationship with the amount of is important, it will be explained below.

In the case of a floor heating system that uses late-night electricity, the heat storage material is melted by electricity during the late-night electricity rate zone and the floor is heated, and during the time when electricity is not used (during the day), the heat storage material gradually solidifies and solidifies. At the time of completion, a large amount of heat storage material 4 is required, which is again in the late-night electricity rate range. On the other hand, when taking into account that the amount of the structural material 7 such as mortar that serves as a heat transfer medium is also a predetermined amount of 0 or more, the container 5 containing the heat storage material 4 in the part covering the heater 3 and the structural material 7 such as mortar
The ratio of the cross-sectional area to the gap lO between is 1:0.05 ~
3 is preferable, and more preferably 1i0.1 to 0.5. If the above ratio is smaller than t:o, os, the gap 10 becomes too small, and the structure of the mortar etc. interposed in the gap 10. Heat transfer upward through the material 7 is not sufficient, and a space is likely to be formed between the heater 3 and the container 5 containing the heat storage material 4 in practical terms. On the other hand, the above ratio is 1
If it is larger than 3, it is not possible to secure the heat storage material 4 necessary for the above-mentioned heating, which is not preferable.Therefore, the most preferred embodiment of the present invention is that in ordinary floor heating
This heat storage is carried out using a container in which 5 to 10 pipes with an inner diameter of 7 to 30 mm are arranged in parallel with gaps formed between each pipe, fixed in a plate shape, and the pipes are filled with a heat storage material. This is a heating device in which the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the container containing the material and the gap between the pipes is t:O,X~0.5.

Although the heating device of the present invention has been described above based on the embodiment shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the figure, the linear heater and the pipe-shaped container containing the heat storage material are installed in a substantially parallel position, but the construction is not limited to this configuration, and when viewed from above. It may be constructed so that the two cross each other.

In addition, in FIGS. 1 to 5, the heater 3 and the heat storage material 4
It is also more preferable to install a metal plate such as aluminum, a mesh, felt, birch cloth, plastic, rubber, etc. between the container 5 and the container 5 in which the heat propagation is made uniform.

Next, the heating effect of the above embodiment of the heating device of the present invention will be explained.

According to the embodiment of the heating device of the present invention, the container 5 containing the heat storage material 4 is arranged with gaps IO scattered over the entire surface of the heater 3 without covering the entire surface of the heater 3. , a structural material 7 such as mortar is placed in these gaps 10.
Because of the presence of heater 3 and container 5 during construction,
Therefore, cracks do not occur in the structural material 7 such as mortar due to this space.Furthermore, since the structural material 7 serves as a heat transfer medium, the heater 3 When heating starts, the heat storage material 4 receives heat from the entire surface of the container 5, so heat is efficiently transferred and received, and heat is quickly transferred to the floor finishing material 8 through the structural material 7, so the floor is kept at an appropriate temperature. It does not take a long time for the temperature to rise.Furthermore, since the heat quickly propagates to the upper part through the structural material 7, the temperature can be easily controlled by placing a temperature sensor on the floor surface, and the overheating caused by the heater 3 can be prevented. Since this can be prevented, the life of the heat storage material 4 is also extended.

Next, an experimental example conducted to clarify the effects of the present invention will be described.

A box of length 1500m, width 250m and height 1000ms,
Using two boxes, a 50m5 thick concrete slab is poured from the bottom to form the floor, and on top of that a 25m thick hard polyurethane foam is laid as a heat insulator, and then the upper part of this hard polyurethane foam is laid. A sheet heating element (Piraheat manufactured by Misato ■) was installed as a heater.

As an example of conventional equipment, one box has a length of 1200 m.
A plate-shaped polypropylene container with a width of 191 cm and a height of 13 ana and filled with a heat storage material was placed so as to cover the entire surface of the sheet heating element. Further, as an example of the floor heating device of the present invention, in the other box, seven pipes filled with heat storage material each having an outer diameter of 23 m and a length of 1200 mm are arranged in parallel with a gap of 5III m, and are arranged in a plate shape. Fixed width 19111
Eleven containers were arranged (the ratio was 1 i 0.186), and the amount of heat storage material filled in each of these containers was about 2900 cj. Mortar as a structural material was spread over this so that the total thickness of the container and mortar was 70 mm.

Further, a temperature sensor was inserted into a portion 108 from the top of the mortar, so that when this portion reached 30° C., the electricity to the sheet heating element was automatically stopped.

In the system described above, heating is started by energizing the sheet heating element, (a) the contact portion between the sheet heating element and the heat storage material container;
(b) Floor surface and (C) Diagram of height 450 meters from the floor (a)
, (b), and (C), (a) shows the temperature change when using the apparatus of the present invention, and (b) shows the temperature change when using the conventional apparatus.

First, as shown in Figure 8(a), in the conventional device, heating continues for about 8 hours after energization, and the energization is stopped only when the temperature reaches 43°C. During that time, the heat storage material is rapidly heated to 40°C. The above overload condition continues for about 2 hours. On the other hand, in the construction method of the present invention, energization is stopped after a little over 6 hours, and energized again for about 1 hour after a little over 1 hour. During that time, the temperature remained below 40°C, and no overheating occurred.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8(b), the bed temperature of the apparatus of the present invention rises faster than that of the conventional apparatus, and is maintained at a higher temperature throughout the day than that of the conventional apparatus. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8(C), the temperature in the space at a height of 450 m above the floor is also maintained at a higher temperature than in the conventional case. Incidentally, the same cycle was repeated after 24 hours.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to floor heating devices, but can be applied to walls, etc.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the heating device of the present invention, it has excellent thermal efficiency, there is no risk of overheating of the heat storage material, and heating can be started quickly. Since there is no risk of creating a space between them, there is an advantage that there is no risk of cracks occurring in structural materials such as mortar.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the heating device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the heating device of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the heating device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the heating device of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the heating device of the present invention,
FIG. 6 shows an example of a container for enclosing a heat storage material used in the heating device of the present invention. FIG. 6(a) is a plan view with some parts omitted, FIG. C) is a side view with some parts omitted, and figure (d) is a side view shown in figure (a).
7 shows another example of a container for enclosing a heat storage material used in the heating device of the present invention, and FIG. 7A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 7B is a front view thereof. (C) is a side view thereof, and (d) is a sectional view taken along line BB' shown in (a) of the same figure.
Figure 8 shows the experimental results of the heating device of the present invention and the conventional heating device, where (a) shows the temperature change at the contact area between the heater and the container containing the heat storage material, and (b) shows the temperature change at the floor surface. Figure 9 (C) is a graph showing the temperature change in the space at a height of 450 m from the floor, Figures 9 (a) to (C).
1 is a perspective view showing different examples of containers for enclosing heat storage materials used in a conventional heating device, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the conventional heating device. 3... Heater 4... Heat storage material 5... Container containing heat storage material 7... Structural material 10... Gap Patent applicant Kanto Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Misato Co., Ltd. Figure 3 Figure 6 (d) ) Figure 7(a) (C) Figure 8(a) Figure 8(b) Figure 8(C) Figure 10

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a heating device that uses a combination of a heater and a container filled with a heat storage material, the container filled with the heat storage material does not cover the entire surface of the heater, but has gaps scattered over the entire surface of the heater. A heating device characterized in that: