JPH01203056A - Method and device treating fine substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate a material containing fine substance such as asbestos with safety and high efficiency, by sucking and removing under reduced pressure an object to be treated in a substantially hermetically sealed system by the use of liquid for treatment, and recovering such an object together with the liquid by suction under reduced pressure. CONSTITUTION:A recovery head 1 is applied to a material such as a structural wall containing fine substance such as asbestos or rockwool, and water containing lubricant is supplied to a jet nozzle 3 from a water tank 6. Then the water is ejected under high pressure to moisten an object to be treated. Simultaneously, a decompression suction pump 9 is actuated to reduce the pressure of a safety tank 15 and a recovery tank 13, and the material moistened and peeled apart by pressurized water is sucked and recovered into a recovery bag 14 in a recovery tank 13 together with jet water. At the same time, water is separated and the separated water is returned to the water tank 6 through the safety tank 15 and a venturi 10. After this, the recovery head 1 is sequentially moved to repeat the operation. Thus the whole treatment can be performed with safety.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing fine substances, and more specifically, for example, asbestos, rock wool, etc. used for insulation materials, noncombustible materials, etc. This invention relates to a method and device for processing fine substances harmful to the human body.

(Prior Art) Typical examples of fine substances harmful to the human body include mineral fibers such as asbestos and rock wool, which have recently been shown to be harmful. These fine substances have properties such as nonflammability, heat insulation, and sound absorption, and have therefore been widely used, for example, in forming materials for the walls of structures. However, these microscopic substances have been found to be harmful to the human body;
The dismantling and removal of objects to which these substances are used has come to be carried out on a large scale. Unfortunately, such substances are small, with a thickness of 0.03 to 10 microns, and when removed, they float in the air, are inhaled into the body with exhalation, or adhere to the skin, posing a threat to the health of workers. It has been found that there is a strong need for effective measures to prevent this.

Therefore, as one of such countermeasures,
A method such as that disclosed in No. 859 has been proposed. This method is related to the removal of asbestos, and involves injecting or spraying a nonionic surfactant, mainly an octinol derivative, as a lubricant into the constructed wall containing asbestos to moisten the constructed wall, and then forming the original form of the constructed wall containing asbestos. While holding the asbestos to prevent asbestos from scattering, workers manually remove the constructed wall from the building using a means such as a scraper.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in this method, even if the constructed wall is removed with a scraper, a part of the constructed wall remains on the constructed wall support of the building, and this residue is removed. It will be necessary to remove it. Unfortunately, this residue must be removed manually by the operator using a brush or the like, which not only takes a long time, but also substantially reduces the risk to the human body described above. It will not be possible to remove it.

In addition, it is essential to collect and remove asbestos-containing construction wall pieces that have fallen to the floor as a result of stripping work, and workers are also exposed to danger here.

As described above, it was found that Kitaki's proposed method is virtually impossible to protect workers from the dangers posed by fine substances.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and
In particular, fine substances that can safely and efficiently remove harmful fine substances such as asbestos, rock wool, etc. and materials containing such fine substances to safely protect the health of workers and the surrounding environment. The object of the present invention is to provide a processing method and apparatus.

Although the invention will be described below primarily with respect to fine materials such as asbestos, rock wool, etc., the invention is not limited to the processing of these materials, but is suitable for virtually any type of fine materials. It is something that can be done.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The fine material processing method of the present invention includes a removal step of removing the object to be processed by vacuum suction using a liquid in a substantially closed system; The present invention is characterized by comprising a recovery step of recovering the liquid together with the liquid by vacuum suction in a substantially closed system.

The term "workpiece" as used herein refers to both the fine material itself and the material containing the fine material to be treated according to the present invention.

Further, the fine material processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a closed system vacuum suction removal means for removing an object to be processed using a liquid in a substantially closed state and under vacuum suction, and a liquid in the vacuum suction removal means. a liquid supply system that freely pressurizes the object; and a closed system vacuum suction collection means that is communicated with the vacuum suction removal means and collects the removed object in a substantially sealed state and under vacuum suction. , a structure characterized in that it comprises a reduced pressure suction force generation means for providing reduced pressure suction force to the reduced pressure suction removal means and the reduced pressure suction recovery means.

(Function) In the fine substance processing method according to the present invention, the removal step includes:
In a closed system, the object to be processed is effectively isolated from the operator and the surrounding environment and removed by suction.

In addition, the recovery process functions to isolate the thus removed object to be processed from the operator and the surrounding environment and recover it.

In addition, in the fine material processing apparatus according to the present invention, the closed system vacuum suction removal means uses liquid to isolate the object from the surrounding environment and remove it by suction in a substantially sealed state and under vacuum suction. It is something. The liquid supply system supplies the liquid to the removing means, and can supply the liquid under pressure if desired. The closed system vacuum suction recovery means isolates the object to be processed removed by the vacuum suction removal means from the operator and the surrounding environment and collects the object by suction. The reduced-pressure suction force generating means functions to provide the reduced-pressure suction removing means and the reduced-pressure suction collecting means with the reduced-pressure suction force necessary for removing and collecting the object to be processed, respectively.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the apparatus for processing fine substances according to the present invention. The apparatus of this embodiment includes the substance to be treated, that is, the fine substance itself such as asbestos or rock wool, and the fine substance itself. , adapted to allow safe processing of materials such as construction walls. That is, this device is capable of removing the object to be processed by vacuum suction using a liquid in a substantially closed system, and recovering the removed object along with the liquid by vacuum suction in a substantially closed system. It looks like this.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is a closed system vacuum suction removal means for removing an object to be processed using a liquid in a sealed state and under vacuum suction.

a liquid supply system that freely pressurizes the liquid to the reduced pressure suction removal means; and a seal that communicates with the reduced pressure suction removal means and collects the removed object to be processed in a substantially sealed state and under reduced pressure suction. The system includes a reduced pressure suction recovery means, and a reduced pressure suction force generating means for providing reduced pressure suction force to the reduced pressure suction removal means and the reduced pressure suction recovery means.

In this embodiment, the vacuum suction removal means consists of a collection head (1) with an open tip.
may be hand-held, but using appropriate means,
In this embodiment, the recovery head (1) is integrally provided with the cylindrical part (1a) and the tip of the cylindrical part, and the tip is open. It consists of a trumpet-shaped hood (2). The reduced pressure suction removal means is connected to the reduced pressure suction force generation means in a manner described later.

A spray nozzle (3) that constitutes a part of the liquid supply system is disposed inside the hood (2), and the tip of the nozzle (3) has a spray port (3a) that sprays water or other liquid under pressure. is formed. It is preferable that the injection port is arranged eccentrically and that the nozzle (3) is arranged rotatably around its axis as shown in FIG. It is preferably connected via a water hose (4) to the discharge side of a liquid pump or water pump (5), and the suction side of the wood pump (5) is connected via a strainer (7) to a water tank (8). ing. The water pump (5) is connected to a suitable drive source (8), such as an engine or an electric motor. In this embodiment, a liquid supply system is thus formed.

A reduced pressure suction means, namely a reduced pressure suction pump (9) is also connected to this drive source (8). The vacuum suction pump (9) is
The suction side is connected to the suction side pipe of the water pump (5), and the discharge side is connected to a venturi (!) whose tip opens at the top of the water tank.
0) is connected to a nozzle (10a) disposed within the nozzle (10a). In this way, a reduced pressure suction force generating means, that is, a reduced pressure suction system (11) is formed.

One end of a suction hose (12), which is preferably flexible, is connected to the base end of the cylindrical part (la) of the recovery head (la), and the other end of the suction hose (12) is an openable/closeable suction hose (12). In this embodiment, a recovery bag (14) is removably installed inside the recovery tank (13).The recovery bag is made of material that permeates liquid. The forming zero recovery tank (13) is connected to the outer station of the venturi (10) via a safety tank (15) and lines (13a) and (15a), and is connected to the outer station of the venturi (10).
0). The conduit (15a) has a nozzle (1
It can be connected to the base end side of the venturi (10) located rearward than 0a). In this way, the reduced pressure suction recovery means of this embodiment is configured. Furthermore, it can be seen that in this embodiment, the vacuum suction removal means is connected to the vacuum suction system (11) via the vacuum suction recovery means.

In FIG. 1, (18) is a pressure reduction regulating valve provided in the reduced pressure suction force generating means, that is, the reduced pressure suction system (11), which allows the suction force of the reduced pressure suction system to be adjusted as appropriate. Reference numeral (17) is a water pressure regulating valve, which allows the pressure of water supplied via the water hose to be adjusted as appropriate. (18) is a liquid level gauge disposed in the water tank (8), and (18) is a water supply pipe having a water supply valve (20). The liquid level gauge (18) detects when the water in the water tank has fallen to a predetermined level, and the water supply pipe (18)
) to replenish water to the tank. The level gauge (18) can therefore be electrically operatively connected to the water supply valve (20). This connection itself is well known to those skilled in the art. (21) is a drain discharge pipe having a valve (22), and (23) is a pressure sensor installed in the safety tank (15), which detects an abnormality in the pressure in the safety tank and detects an abnormality in the pressure in the safety tank. ). The sensor (23) is therefore electrically operatively connected to the drive source (8), although such a connection itself can be made in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. (24) is a hose drum around which the water hose (4) is wound.

Next, the operation of the fine material processing apparatus having the above configuration will be explained based on FIGS. 1 and 2.

First, the collection head (1) is applied to an object to be treated, that is, a fine substance itself such as asbestos or rock wool, or a material such as a construction wall containing the fine substance, and an attempt is made to treat the object. Then, water, which may contain a liquid, e.g. a lubricant, is supplied from the water tank (e) to the water hose (4) via the water pump (5). It is supplied and discharged from the injection nozzle (3) at the desired pressure. If the material has a solid form, such as a built-up wall, spraying under high pressure can make it easier to peel off. If the object to be treated does not have such a form, or if it consists of only finely purchased substances, the water discharge pressure is adjusted as appropriate depending on the type and form of the material or substance. This results in
The object to be treated is moistened and diffused release into the surrounding atmosphere is more effectively prevented. If the lubricant is contained in water, it can be placed in the water tank (6).

At this stage, the vacuum suction system (11) is not yet activated.

Next, if the object to be treated is in the form of a constructed wall, pour water or water containing a wetting agent or washing agent into the open end of the hood (2) of the collection head (1). While the part is pressed against the material to be treated, the material is sprayed with the required pressure, and the part of the material located inside the hood (2) is divided into appropriate sizes using pressurized water and peeled off. By activating the decompression pump (9) together with the water pump (5) at the source (8) and spouting pressurized water from the nozzle (10a) in the venturi (10), the safety tank (15) 1 recovery tank (13 ), and the peeled material is transferred to the cylindrical part (
1a) and suction hose (12) to 1 recovery tank (1
3) The water is suctioned and collected into the collection bag (14) inside, and the water is separated at the same time.The separated water is returned to the water tank (8) via the safety tank (15) and the venturi (lO).Next, The operator sequentially moves the collection head (1) and repeats the above operations to remove the entire object to be processed.

If the object to be treated consists of fine particles, the drive source (8) will run the water pump (5) and the vacuum suction pump (9) while slowly discharging water from the jet nozzle.
Activate the nozzle (10a) in the venturi (10)
By spouting pressure water from the safety tank (1
5).

The recovery tank (13) is depressurized, and the fine substances are transferred together with water to the recovery bag in the recovery tank (13) via the hood (3), the cylindrical part (Ia) of the recovery head (1), and the suction hose (12). (Suction and recovery in step 10 and separation of water in step 6
Next, one operator moves the collecting head (+) as appropriate to remove the entire fine substance.

In this way, according to Kimio, the removal of the object to be processed is
Since water is used and the process is carried out in a substantially closed system inside the hood, it is possible to actually prevent fine substances from leaking into the surrounding area during the removal operation. Moreover, since the object to be treated is recovered together with water in a vacuum sealed system, safety can be ensured.

When the water in the water tank (6) decreases, the level gauge (18) detects this and opens the water supply valve (20). ) is supplied to the water tank (8), and when it reaches a predetermined level, the water supply is stopped. In addition, by appropriately adjusting the vacuum pressure adjustment valve (16) and water pressure adjustment valve (17), the reduced pressure suction force and water supply pressure can be adjusted. 23) detects the pressure inside the safety tank (15) and
5) If an abnormality occurs in the internal pressure, the drive source (8) is stopped.

Further, by arranging the injection nozzle (3) so as to be freely rotatable about the axis and having the injection port eccentrically arranged, the direction of the pressure water ejected from the nozzle (3) can be changed.

When the collection bag (14) is filled with objects to be processed,
Stop the device, open the lid of the collection tank (13) (not shown in Figure 1), take out the objects contained in it together with the collection bag (14), and collect a new collection bag (14). Install it inside the tank (13).

In this embodiment, the pressure water jetted from the nozzle (3) is transferred from the recovery head (1) by vacuum suction to the venturi (l).
Since the water is returned to the water tank (6) via O), water losses can be significantly reduced.

The device of this embodiment can be used in the manner shown schematically in FIG. That is, a water tank (8), a venturi (10), a drive source (8), a water pump (5), a vacuum suction pump (9), and a hose drum (2) are installed on the truck bed.
4) and the safety tank (15) are fixedly mounted in this order from the front to the rear, and the recovery tank (13) is fixedly mounted in this order from the front to the rear.
) can be placed separately on a carrier, boxed at the site, and then removed from the carrier and used. Although such a movable collection tank has a capacity of about 2,000 liters, it is easy to take out the objects to be processed that have been collected in the collection tank.

The movable recovery tank that can be used in the present invention can be configured as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. The illustrated recovery tank (13) has a tank body (25) with an open top. Be prepared. The tank body (25) is rotatably supported by the frame (28) via a horizontal shaft (27). A mesh basket (28) with an open top is disposed inside the tank body (25), and an M (29) that covers the top opening of the tank body (25) and the mesh basket (28) can be opened and closed. ), and the lid (29) has a hose (12) that communicates with the collection head side.
5) On the bottom wall is a hose (
14a) are connected to each other.

In Figures 3 to 5, (30) is a worm deceleration mechanism (
a tilting handle (31) for tilting the tank body (25) through the tank body (25) (not shown);
), (32) is an eccentric clamp handle that clamps the tank body (25) to the frame (26).

In the recovery tank (13) configured as described above, the object to be treated is dehydrated by vacuum suction within the tank body (25) and collected in the net basket (28). When the net basket (28) is filled with the object to be treated, the operation of the device is stopped and the eccentric clamp handle (32) is used to close the tank body (25).
Release the clamp on the frame (26) and turn the tilting handle (30) to rotate the tank body (25) about the horizontal axis (27) so that the opening faces diagonally downward.

By loosening the lock screw (31) and opening the lid (29),
The object to be processed in the net basket (28) can be dropped into a suitable disposal container and disposed of.

Then, follow the steps described above in almost the reverse order.

Stand up the tank body (25) and! While closing (29), use the clamp handle (32) to close the tank body (29).
5) is clamped to the frame (2B).

If the recovery tank (13) configured in this way is used,
The object to be processed can be easily taken out from the collection tank (14) without using the collection bag (14) described above.

In the present invention, the recovery tank can also be fixedly mounted on the vehicle, and in this case, the tank capacity can be increased to 400 to 500.
It can be increased up to 00 fL. In addition, in the present invention, the hood of the collection head is preferably flexible, and even if the flexible water supply hose and suction hose are wrapped around one hose drum and stored, they are stored in another hose drum. The hose drum may be stored by being wrapped around it, or the hose drum may be omitted.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, an object to be processed can be removed using a liquid in a substantially sealed state and under reduced pressure suction by a closed system vacuum suction removal means. Therefore, the object to be processed can be easily removed safely and in a short time without leaving any residue behind.

Since the removed object to be processed is recovered together with the liquid under vacuum suction and in a substantially sealed state, it is possible to safely perform the process once. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the safety of workers, and it also has excellent effects in terms of environmental health, such as eliminating the risk of adversely affecting neighboring residents.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of main components when installed in an automobile, and FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 are BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view, side view, and plan view showing an example of a recovery tank used in the present invention. (1)... Collection head, (la)... Cylindrical part, (
2)...Hood, (3)...Injection nozzle, (
3a)...Injection port, (4)...Water hose. (5)...Water pump, (6)...Water tank. (7)...Strainer, (8)...Drive source, (8)
...Reduced pressure suction pump, (10)...Venturi, (10a)...Nozzle, (11)...Reduced pressure suction system, (12)...Suction hose, (13)...Recovery Tank, (13a)・
...pipeline, (14) ...collection bag, (15) ...safety tank. (15a)...Pipe line, (1B)...Pressure reduction adjustment valve, (17)...Water pressure adjustment valve, (1B)...Liquid level gauge, (19)...Water supply pipe line. (20)... Water supply valve. (21)...Drain discharge pipe. (22)...Valve, (23)...Pressure sensor, (20...Hose drum, (25)...Tank body, (2B)...Frame. (27)...Horizontal axis , (28)...net basket, (
23) Lid, (30) Tilt handle, (31) Lock screw, (32) Clamp handle. Patent Applicant Yashima Kogyo Co., Ltd. Figure 4 Procedural Amendment (Voluntary) March 25, 1988 Director General of the Patent Office Kunio Ogawa 1, Indication of the Case 1988 Patent Application No. 25593 2, Name of the Invention Details Material processing method and device 3, relationship with the person making the amendment Patent applicant Yashima Kogyo Co., Ltd. 4, agent 5, subject of amendment (1) “Claims” column 2 of the specification, patent Claims (+) A removal step of removing the object to be treated by vacuum suction using a liquid in a substantially closed system, and recovering the removed object together with the liquid by vacuum suction in the substantially closed system. A fine substance processing method comprising a recovery step. (2) The method according to item 2m, wherein the object to be processed is made of a material containing fine substances. (3) The method according to item 1, wherein the object to be treated is a constructed wall. (4) The object to be processed is 1 made of substantially fine material.
The method described in 2. (5) A closed system vacuum suction removal means that removes the object to be processed using a liquid in a substantially sealed state and under reduced pressure suction, and a liquid supply that freely pressurizes the liquid to the vacuum suction removal means. system; and a closed system vacuum suction recovery means that communicates with the vacuum suction removal means and recovers the removed object to be processed in a substantially sealed state and under vacuum suction. A three-dimensional fine substance processing apparatus comprising: a vacuum suction force generation means for providing a vacuum suction force to the vacuum suction removal means and the vacuum suction recovery means. (6) The reduced pressure suction removal means is connected to the reduced pressure suction force generation means via the reduced pressure suction recovery means.
” device described. (7) The device according to U, wherein the reduced pressure suction recovery means recovers the object to be processed together with the liquid. (8) The device according to item 1, further comprising means for returning the recovered liquid from the reduced pressure suction recovery means to the liquid supply system via the reduced pressure suction force generation means. (8) The reduced pressure suction removal means includes a recovery head having an open end and a shape that forms a closed system that substantially blocks at least a portion of the object to be processed from the surrounding atmosphere, and the liquid supply system a liquid tank containing the liquid; a spray nozzle disposed within the recovery head;
The apparatus includes a connection means for connecting the liquid tank to the injection nozzle, and a pump capable of pressurizing the liquid, and the reduced pressure suction recovery means is connected between the recovery head and the reduced pressure suction force generation means. , consisting of an openable and closed tank that virtually isolates the interior from the surrounding atmosphere during collection.
The device described. (10) The device according to the invention, wherein the reduced pressure suction force generating means is a venturi having an injection nozzle disposed therein, one end of which is connected to the discharge side of the pump and the other end of which opens into the liquid tank. (11) The device according to U, wherein the injection nozzle of the liquid supply system has an eccentric injection port and is rotatable about an axis. (12) The device according to the invention, wherein the sealed tank has a collection bag inside which can be freely taken out. (13) The device according to "1", wherein the sealed tank is arranged so as to be able to topple over and is provided with a mesh basket inside. (14) The liquid tank is equipped with a liquid level gauge.
A device described in "Kou". (15) The device according to 1., wherein a safety tank is disposed between the recovery tank and the reduced pressure suction force generating means. (1B) The device according to item 1, wherein the safety tank is provided with a pressure sensor operatively connected to a drive source of the pump.

Claims (16)

[Claims] (1) a removal step in which the object to be treated is removed by vacuum suction using a liquid in a substantially closed system; and a recovery step in which the removed object to be processed is recovered together with the liquid by vacuum suction in a substantially closed system; A fine material processing method characterized by comprising: (2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the object to be processed is made of a material containing fine substances. (3) The method according to claim 2, wherein the object to be treated is a constructed wall. (4) The method according to claim 1, wherein the object to be processed is substantially made of fine material. (5) A closed system vacuum suction removal means that removes the object to be processed using a liquid in a substantially sealed state and under reduced pressure suction, and a liquid supply that freely pressurizes the liquid to the vacuum suction removal means. system; a closed system vacuum suction collection means that is communicated with the vacuum suction removal means and collects the removed object in a substantially sealed state and under vacuum suction; the vacuum suction removal means and the reduced pressure What is claimed is: 1. A fine material processing apparatus comprising: a suction recovery means; and a reduced-pressure suction force generation means for providing reduced-pressure suction force to the suction recovery means. (6) The device according to claim 5, wherein the reduced pressure suction removal means is connected to the reduced pressure suction force generation means via the reduced pressure suction recovery means. (7) The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the reduced pressure suction recovery means recovers the object to be processed together with the liquid. (8) Claim 7 is characterized in that it includes means for returning the recovered liquid from the reduced pressure suction recovery means to the liquid supply system via the reduced pressure suction force generation means. The device described in. (9) The reduced pressure suction removal means includes a collection head having an open end and a shape that forms a closed system that substantially blocks at least a portion of the object to be processed from the surrounding atmosphere, and the liquid supply system comprises a liquid tank containing the liquid, an injection nozzle disposed in the recovery head, a connecting means for connecting the liquid tank to the injection nozzle, and a pump capable of pressurizing the liquid. , the reduced pressure suction recovery means is connected between the recovery head and the reduced pressure suction force generation means, and comprises an open/close type sealed tank that substantially isolates the interior from the surrounding atmosphere during recovery. Apparatus according to scope 5. (10) The reduced pressure suction force generating means is comprised of a bench lily having an injection nozzle therein, one end of which is connected to the discharge side of the pump and the other end of which opens into the liquid tank. The device according to item 9. (11) The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the injection nozzle of the liquid supply system has an eccentrically provided injection port and is rotatable about an axis. (12) The device according to claim 9, wherein the sealed tank is provided with a removable collection bag therein. (13) The device according to claim 9, wherein the sealed tank is arranged so as to be able to topple over and is provided with a mesh basket inside. (14) The device according to claim 9, wherein the liquid tank is provided with a liquid level gauge. (15) The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a safety tank is disposed between the recovery tank and the reduced pressure suction force generating means. (16) The device according to claim 9, wherein the safety tank is provided with a pressure sensor operatively connected to a drive source of the pump.