JPH0120033B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Field of Application> The present invention relates to a machine tool equipped with an attachment indexing device.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, in machine tools such as machining centers, die engravers, copy milling machines, etc., attachments are detachably attached to the spindle head of the machine tool and tilt the tool in any direction relative to the rotational axis of the spindle of the machine tool. has been developed, and in recent years some automatic tool changers have been developed that allow this type of attachment to be attached to and removed from machine tools. Figure 3 shows this type of attachment installed on a machine tool.
As shown in the figure, the attachment 11 includes a tilting mechanism that tilts the rotation axis of the tool 12 at an arbitrary angle with respect to the rotation axis of the spindle 14 of the spindle head 13, and
The tool 12 has an indexing rotation mechanism that positions the tool 12 at an arbitrary rotation angle position around the rotation axis of the tool 12, and by combining these movements, it is possible to orient the tool 12 in an arbitrary direction. Therefore, by using such an attachment 11, it is possible to tilt the tool 12 in a desired direction and effectively perform machining of a small-diameter corner portion in deep carving of a mold, for example, while avoiding interference with the machine.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> In the corner processing of the above-mentioned die deep carving, etc.
When the orientation of the corner portion changes, it becomes necessary to change the index rotational angular position of the attachment 11 around the main shaft 14 accordingly. That is,
As shown in FIG. 4, for example, when machining a corner P of a workpiece 15 and then machining a corner Q in a different direction, the attachment 11 must be rotated at a required angle. This indexing work of the attachment 11 has conventionally been performed manually, which has the problem of hindering continuous unmanned operation.

On the other hand, in order to enable continuous unmanned operation, it is conceivable to provide the attachment 11 with an automatic indexing device that automatically performs this indexing work, but in this case, the attachment 11 itself would be complicated and large, and the workpiece Not only does this increase the possibility of interference with the tool, but it also becomes difficult to attach and detach the attachment using an automatic tool changer.

<Means for solving the problems> The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and automatically indexes the attachment without making the attachment itself complicated or large. The purpose is to provide machine tools that can be operated.

To achieve this object, the configuration of a machine tool according to the present invention is such that, in a machine tool, an attachment is attached to a spindle head, the attachment is an indexing rotation part that is indexable and rotatable about an axis of attachment to the spindle head. and a clamp bolt for fixing the index rotation part at an arbitrary position,
An automatic indexing device for indexing the indexing rotation portion of the attachment is installed on a table, and the automatic indexing device includes a clamp/unclamp mechanism that engages with the clamp bolt to tighten and loosen it;
The present invention is characterized in that it includes an index table that engages with the index rotation section and rotates it.

<Operation> When indexing an attachment, the attachment attached to the spindle head is engaged with the automatic indexing device installed on the table using the device for relative positioning between the spindle head and the table that is inherent in the machine tool. . The automatic indexing device loosens the clamp bolt using a clamp/unclamp mechanism, drives and rotates the indexing table, and indexes the indexing rotation part of the attachment to the desired position.
Thereafter, the clamp bolt is tightened by the clamp/unclamp mechanism to complete indexing. on the other hand,
After the indexing is completed, the attachment and the automatic indexing device are disengaged.

<Example> An example of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of essential parts of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG.

In Figures 1 and 2, the spindle head 1 of the machine tool
3 supports a main shaft 14 which is rotationally driven by a drive source (not shown), and an attachment 11 is attached to the main shaft 14 by an automatic tool changer (not shown).
It is removably attached. As described above, the attachment 11 has a tilting mechanism that tilts the rotation axis of the tool 12 at an arbitrary angle with respect to the rotation axis of the main shaft 14, and an index rotation mechanism that rotates the rotation axis around the rotation axis of the main shaft 14. The index rotating portion 11a and the portion 11 fixed to the spindle head 13
An index scale 16 and an index 17 are respectively attached to .b and .b. Further, the indexing rotation portion 11a of this attachment 11 can be indexed and rotated by loosening the clamp bolt 18 provided on the side thereof, and the fixed portion 11b can be set at any rotation angle position by tightening the clamp bolt 18. It is designed to be clamped to.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, an automatic indexing device 20 for the attachment 11 is installed on a table 19 on the main body side of the machine tool. Note that the automatic indexing device 20 may be attached to a fixture such as a tombstone installed on the table or a position adjacent to the table.

As shown in FIG. 1, within the main body 21 of the automatic indexing device 20, a support shaft 22 is rotatably supported, and an index table 23 is fixed to the upper end of the support shaft 22. As shown in FIG. Further, a worm wheel 24 is fixed to the support shaft 22, and a worm 25 connected to a motor (not shown) is engaged with the worm wheel 24. The index table 23 is rotationally driven by the drive of the motor, and an arbitrary It is adapted to be positioned in an angular position. For example, a hydraulic motor, a DC motor, etc. are used as the motor, and the angular position of the index table 23 is detected by a detection device such as a pulse coder or a group of limit switches (not shown), which are connected to the NC device that controls the machine tool. controlled.

As shown in FIG. 2, a claw 26 and a clamp/unclamp mechanism 27 are attached to the top surface of the index table 23. As shown in FIG. The claw 26 has a groove 26a recessed in its upper end, while the rotation axis of the main shaft 14 is located on the rotation axis of the index table 23, and the attachment 11 is arranged in an appropriate manner so that its tool 12 does not interfere with the index table 23. When the attachment 11 approaches the rotating portion 11a to a certain distance, the protrusion 11c formed on the rotating portion 11a of the attachment 11 moves into the groove 26a.
The protrusion 11c is fitted into the groove 2.
6a, the attachment 11 and the index table 23 are locked to each other via the claws 26. On the other hand, the clamp/unclamp mechanism 27 has a nut runner socket 2 that engages with the head of the clamp bolt 18 of the attachment 11 described above.
8 and a nut runner main body 29 that rotationally drives it.
The nut runner main body 29 is slidably supported by a support 32 fixed to a bracket 31 erected on the index table 23. , a cylinder 30 fixed to a bracket 31 is connected to the nut runner body 29. The nut runner body 29 has a built-in motor such as a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric motor for driving the nut runner socket 28 in forward and reverse rotation, and also has a torque limiter for tightening the clamp bolt 18 with a predetermined torque. This clamping/unclamping mechanism 27 includes a projection 1 of the attachment 11.
1c is fitted into the groove 26a of the claw 26 and in a state where they are locked together, the clamp bolt 18
The rotation axis of the nut runner socket 28 is located on the rotation axis of the nut runner socket 28, and the nut runner body 29 is moved back and forth in the axial direction by operating the cylinder 30, so that the nut runner socket 28 is attached to the head of the clamp bolt 18. It is positioned at a position where it can be removably fitted into the. Incidentally, these nut runner main body 29 and cylinder 30 are also controlled by the NC device.

In such a configuration, the attachment 11
When changing the indexing angle of the attachment 11, move the attachment 11 relative to the automatic indexing device 20 using the positioning function of the machine tool, and fit the protrusion 11c of the attachment 11 into the groove 26a of the claw 26. . Next, the clamp/unclamp mechanism 27
actuate the cylinder 30 of the nut runner socket 28 to tighten the clamp bolt 1 of the attachment 11.
8 and the nut runner body 2.
9, the nut runner socket 28 is rotated to loosen the clamp bolt 18 and release the clamp. Next, when the index table 23 is indexed and rotated by the index signal of the NC device, the claw 2
Attachment 11 connected at 6 is also rotated at the same time and indexed to a required angular position. Next, the nut runner body 29 rotates the nut runner socket 28 to tighten and clamp the clamp bolt 18, and then the cylinder 30 is operated to remove the nut runner socket 28 from the clamp bolt 18, thereby completing the indexing work. do. Then, using the positioning function of the machine tool, the protrusion 11c of the attachment 11 is removed from the groove 26a of the claw 26, and the attachment 11 and automatic indexing device 20 are removed.
If the engagement is released, the attachment 11 can be moved to the machining position and the next machining can be performed.

In the above-described embodiments, a vertical machine tool in which the rotation axis of the main shaft 14 is oriented in the vertical direction is described, but the present invention can of course be applied to other horizontal machine tools, and the attachment may be The tool is not limited to one that can be attached to and removed from the spindle head using an automatic tool changer, but may be one that is manually attached to the spindle head.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above in detail with reference to one embodiment, according to the present invention, an automatic indexing device that indexes the attachment by releasably engaging the attachment is provided on the machine body side. Therefore, continuous unmanned operation of the machine tool is possible by automatically indexing the attachment without complicating or increasing the size of the attachment itself. Furthermore, it can be carried out without making any major modifications to conventional attachments or machine tools, and conventional automatic tool changers can be used as they are to attach and detach attachments.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of the main parts of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view taken in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a main spindle head of the machine tool to which an attachment is attached. The front view of FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a processing method using an attachment. In the drawing, 11 is an attachment, 12 is a tool,
13 is a spindle head, 14 is a spindle, 18 is a clamp bolt, 19 is a table, 20 is an automatic indexing device, 2
3 is an index table, 26 is a claw, and 27 is a clamp/unclamp mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a machine tool in which an attachment is attached to the spindle head, the attachment includes an indexing rotation part that can be indexed and rotated about the axis of attachment to the spindle head, and a clamp bolt that fixes the index rotation part at an arbitrary position. On the other hand, an automatic indexing device for indexing the indexing rotation part of the attachment is installed on the table, and the automatic indexing device includes a clamp/unclamp mechanism for engaging the clamp bolt and tightening/unclamping it. and an index table that engages with and rotates the indexing rotation section.