JPH01186318A - Composite panel with flame resistant and fireproof performance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a composite panel having excellent flame resistant and fireproof performance by laminating and adhering a high density foamable sheet or a nonfoamable sheet and a low density foamable sheet on the rear face of a front face material, and forming a light-weight fiber-reinforced inorganic hardener layer. CONSTITUTION:A composite panel 1 is formed by adhering a high density foamable sheet 3 or a nonfoamable sheet and a low density foamable sheet 4 with adhesives 6, 7 on the rear face of a front face material having flame resistance or fireproof performance, such as a matel plate 2 or the like, and further forming a light-weight fiber-reinforced inorganic hardener layer, such as light weight GRC 5 on the low density foamable sheet. The material and thickness of the plate 2 are not limited, but employs aluminum, zinc-plated steel plate, stainless steel plate, etc. The front face material is not limited only to the metal plate, but can use tile stone, cement, etc. The light-weight fiber-reinforced inorganic hardener, such as light weight GRC or the like may be introduced with air bubbles or air pores thereinto. Thus, a composite panel having excellent flame resistance and fireproof performance due to the presence of the air pores in the hardener layer is obtained.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a composite panel having fireproofing and fireproofing performance, and particularly relates to a composite panel having fireproofing and fireproofing performance, and particularly to a composite panel made of lightweight fibers such as lightweight glass fiber reinforced cement (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "@GRCJ"). This invention relates to a composite panel that is composed of a reinforced inorganic hardened material, a metal plate, etc., and has excellent fire resistance and fireproofing properties.

[Prior art] Various types of composite panels for building materials with fire resistance and fire prevention performance have already been proposed.
Things like ~■ are known.

■ As shown in FIG. 3, a composite panel 10A0 in which foamed concrete (or wood wool board) 12 is laminated between two asbestos-cement boards 11 is used. 12 is expected to be fireproof and fireproof.

■ As shown in Figure 4, glass fiber reinforced cement (GR
C) Composite panel IOB in which rock wool (or asbestos) 14 is laminated on the back side of 13. In this panel IOB, GRC
Since 13 does not have fire resistance or fire retardant properties, we expect the rock wool (or asbestos) 14 on the back to have that performance.

■ As shown in Figure 5, ALC (
Composite panel 10D0 with a layer of artificial lightweight concrete) or pearlite mortar 15; As shown in FIG. Since it does not have fire resistance or fire retardant properties, I am hoping that the rock wool (or asbestos) 14 on the back will have that performance.

■ As shown in FIG.
Composite panel 10E in which GR and C13 are laminated with
Since this composite panel IOE does not have fire resistance or fire retardant properties, when it is used, rock wool (or asbestos) 14 is applied to the back side as shown in the figure to obtain fire resistance and fire retardant properties.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Among the conventional composite panels described above, those using rock wool (or asbestos) have low strength and are easily damaged during shipping and construction. In particular, if there is rock wool around the panel, it will be difficult to handle the cargo, so it is necessary to spray the rock wool after shipping and installation without rock wool, which increases costs, increases the number of processes, and lengthens the construction period. This causes problems such as oxidation and deterioration of the work site environment. Furthermore, even if rock wool could be applied at a factory, the overall process would still involve a large number of steps.

The composite panel shown in FIG. 7 also had the same problem as above because it was necessary to further apply rock wool during construction.

In addition, conventional composite panels are not recognized to have sufficiently satisfactory fire resistance and fire prevention performance, and there is currently a demand for the development of composite panels with even better fire resistance and fire prevention performance.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a composite panel that does not have the above-mentioned conventional problems and has extremely excellent fire resistance and fire prevention performance.

In the composite panel of the present invention, a high-density foamed sheet or non-foamed sheet and a low-density foamed sheet are laminated and adhered to the back side of a surface material, and a lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured material layer is formed on the low-density foamed sheet. It is characterized by being done.

[Function] The composite panel of the present invention is a lightweight GRC with pores introduced.
Because it is lined with a lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured body such as , the presence of these pores provides extremely excellent fire resistance and fireproofing properties. For example, lightweight GRC has a thickness of 90 mm and is designated as one-hour fire resistance for non-load-bearing external walls (Wn1128 (June 8, 1985)), and in reality,
Even with a thickness of 3'Omm, the non-load-bearing outer wall has sufficient fire resistance for one hour. In addition, it has excellent properties such as fire retardancy and heat insulation.

Furthermore, the composite panel of the present invention has the following effects due to the presence of the low-density foamed sheet and the high-density foamed (or non-foamed) sheet.

In other words, the lightweight fiber reinforced inorganic cured body such as lightweight GRC is
It bites into the low-density foam sheet, and the two are firmly joined together. Further, the low-density foamed sheet and the high-density foamed (or non-foamed) sheet, and the high-density foamed (or non-foamed) sheet and the surface material such as the metal plate are each firmly bonded with an adhesive. For this reason, the composite spring glue is integrated with extremely high adhesive strength, and layer peeling and the like hardly occur.

Further, since the high-density foamed (or non-foamed) sheet reliably isolates the surface material such as a metal plate such as lightweight GRC, the metal plate will not be corroded by the alkali content of lightweight GRC or the like. Furthermore, due to the cushioning effect of the foam sheet, lightweight
The difference in expansion and contraction with a metal plate such as RC is sufficiently absorbed, and cracks and layer peeling do not occur due to the difference in expansion and contraction between the two. Since the foam sheet provides a reliable and sufficient cushioning effect, the thickness of the foam sheet can be kept to the minimum necessary, so the distance between the metal plate, etc. and the lightweight GRC, etc. can be kept to the minimum necessary. By doing so, it is possible to effectively exert the protective effect of the metal plate etc. by lightweight GRC etc.

Furthermore, lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured bodies such as lightweight GRC can be molded to a constant thickness, are effective in improving strength, and do not excessively increase product weight. The product shape can also be designed arbitrarily.

Such a composite panel of the present invention can be efficiently manufactured at low cost with a small number of processing steps.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are sectional views each showing an embodiment of the composite panel of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the composite panel 1 of the present invention is made by laminating a high-density foam sheet 3 or a non-foam sheet and a low-density foam sheet 4 on the back side of a non-flammable or fire-resistant surface material such as a metal plate 2. In the figure, 6.7 is an adhesive. ), and a lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured material layer such as lightweight GRC5 is further formed on the low-density foam sheet.

The composite panel 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be manufactured, for example, by the following method.

First, a high-density foam sheet 3 is laminated and bonded on a metal plate 2, and a low-density foam sheet 4 is further laminated and bonded thereon using adhesives 6 and 7. In this case, the high-density foamed sheet 3 and the low-density foamed sheet 4 are bonded in advance with an adhesive to form a two-layer composite sheet, thereby improving manufacturing efficiency.

Next, a predetermined amount of lightweight GRC is placed and cured by a conventional method on the low-density foam sheet 4, which is a laminate in which the metal plate 2, the high-density foam sheet 3, and the low-density foam sheet 4 are sequentially laminated. Incidentally, pouring can be performed in a formwork, or a metal plate can be used as the formwork.

The lightweight GRC to be cast can be prepared, for example, by the following method.

First, air milk is prepared by mixing a foaming agent and water. As the foaming agent, various foaming agents for cement such as protein-based and surfactant-based foaming agents can be used. When using a surfactant foaming agent such as an alkenyl succinic acid foaming agent as a foaming agent, it is preferable to add lime at the time of preparing air milk and saponify the alkenyl succinic acid with an alkali before use.

In preparing air milk, the mixing ratio of the foaming agent and water is 0.01 to 2 parts by weight of the foaming agent to 20 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 22 to 30 parts by weight of water to 1 part by weight of the foaming agent. 24
It is about parts by weight.

Mix a foaming agent, water and lime if necessary to foam;
To obtain air milk, a foaming machine such as a high-speed mixer can be used to achieve good mixing and foaming. In addition, a connected foaming machine or the like may also be used.

Separately, mix cement, fine aggregate and water to prepare cement mortar.

In the present invention, the cement raw material is not particularly limited, and ordinary ordinary Portland cement can be used. As cement raw materials, low alkaline cement,
For example, Bortland cement clinker whose main component is calcium silicate such as tricalcium silicate (3CaO-3iO2) and dicalcium silicate (2CaO.5iO2) - 20 to 0% by weight, calcium sulfoaluminate 3Ca0.3
Au20s ・Clinker 1 whose main component is CaSO4
0-40% by weight, anhydrite wax or dihydrite wax 10-40%
Weight%, granulated blast furnace slag or fly ash 20-60
% by weight, and (3Au203 +1゜5SiO
A calcium silicate-align-slag based low alkaline cement having a molar ratio of 2)/(CaO-3O3) of 1.0 to 1.5 may be used. In addition, mixed cements such as blast furnace cement and fly ash cement can also be used.

In addition, as fine aggregates, those containing 8102 min, such as fly ash, fine silica sand such as silica hneem (6
(above).

In the present invention, in preparing cement mortar,
Water reducing agents can also be added. By adding a water reducing agent,
The strength of the resulting hardened cement layer is further improved. As the water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent such as polyalkylaryl sulfonate is suitable.

When preparing cement mortar, the mixing ratio of cement and fine aggregate is 40 to 1 part by weight of fine aggregate to 100 parts by weight of cement.
The amount is preferably about 0.00 parts by weight, preferably about 50 parts by weight. (Note that this ratio is the ratio of the cement component and fine aggregate component contained in the resulting cement mortar, and is the ratio of the cement component and fine aggregate component contained in the resulting cement mortar. When using cement, the ratio also includes the fine aggregate component contained in the mixed cement.
The amount is preferably about 80 parts by weight, preferably about 400 parts by weight.

In addition, the water reducing agent is O to 100 parts by weight of the above cement.
The amount is preferably about 2.0 parts by weight, preferably about 1 part by weight.

Next, the air milk and cement mortar are each weighed and mixed to prepare a lightweight cement mortar. At this time, by adjusting the mixing ratio of the air milk and cement paste, the specific gravity of the resulting product can be adjusted. 0.3-2
It can be changed within a range of 0. In the present invention, the specific gravity ρ− of the lightweight cement paste obtained by mixing is
It is preferable to set it to about 1.3.

Next, reinforcing glass fibers are added to this lightweight cement mortar and thoroughly kneaded using a mixer or the like.

If the proportion of glass fiber added is too small, the reinforcing effect will be low, whereas if it is too large, poor mixing will occur.

Therefore, the addition ratio is 0.5 to 3%, preferably 1.5 to 2% by volume relative to the lightweight cement mortar.
% is preferable.

After glass fibers are added to lightweight cement mortar and thoroughly kneaded, this is placed on the low-density foam sheet according to a conventional method.

In the composite material of the present invention, there is no particular restriction on the material or thickness of the metal plate 2, and for example, the thickness is 0.1 to 3.
Aluminum, galvanized steel plate, stainless steel plate, etc. with a diameter of about mm are used. Note that the surface material is not limited to a metal plate, but may be any nonflammable or fire-resistant material, and tile stone, cement board, etc. can also be used.

The high-density foam sheet 3 is selected from the viewpoints of adhesive strength between the surface material such as the metal plate 2 and the foam sheet 3 and the strength of the foam sheet 3 itself, and also for the alkaline earth metal plate 2 such as lightweight GRC5. For the purpose of complete blocking, it is preferable that the foam diameter is smaller, and generally, a foam diameter of 0.35 mm or less is suitable.

Moreover, a non-foamed sheet can also be used instead of this high-density foamed sheet. The thickness of the high-density foam sheet or non-foam sheet varies depending on the dimensions and purpose of use of the composite panel, but is usually about 0.1 to 6 mm.

On the other hand, the foam diameter of the low-density foam sheet 4 is such that the uncured lightweight GRC placed thereon is bitten into the foam sheet 4, resulting in a good anchoring effect and high adhesive strength between the foam sheet 4 and the lightweight GRC 5. In order to achieve good adhesion, it is generally preferable that the foam diameter be about 0.35 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less.

If the foam diameter of the low-density foam sheet 4 is too small, the GRC will not be easily bitten, and if it is too coarse, the high-density foam sheet 3
There is a tendency for the adhesive strength to decrease. The foam diameter of the low-density foam sheet 4 is most preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The thickness of the low-density foam sheet 4 is not affected by the dimensions of the composite panel, and is generally determined by the foam diameter and lightweight GRC of the sheet.
The thickness is determined as appropriate in the range of about 1 to 6 mm depending on the composition, etc.

There are no particular restrictions on the material of these foam sheets, but chlorobrene-based and EPDM-based materials are most preferred as high-density foam sheets, and polyethylene-based, urethane-based, etc. may also be used. Furthermore, as the low-density foam sheet, urethane-based sheets are most preferable, such as chloroprene-based sheets, EPDM-based sheets, etc.
systems etc. can also be used.

In addition, as the adhesive 7 for these foam sheets 3 and 4 or the adhesive 6 for the foam sheet 3 and the metal plate 2, chloroprene-based or acrylic adhesive is preferable, but there are no particular restrictions on the adhesive. Epoxy-based, silicone-based, urethane-based, vinyl acetate-based adhesives, etc. can also be used.

The adhesives 6 and 7 may be of the same type or different.

As the lightweight GRC5, in addition to having air bubbles incorporated into the GRC as described above, it may also be one made of foamed cement, or one that contains lightweight aggregate instead of air bubbles. In short, the lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured body such as lightweight GRC is not particularly limited as long as it has bubbles or pores introduced therein. The specific gravity changes depending on the proportion of pores, but if the specific gravity is too large, sufficient fire resistance and fireproofing performance cannot be obtained, while if it is too small, the strength will be insufficient.

Therefore, the air-dried specific gravity is about 10 to 1.7, preferably 1.
It is desirable that it be about 3.

In the present invention, the reinforcing fibers of the lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured product include glass fiber, bon fiber,
Heat-resistant organic fibers or asbestos can also be used.

In addition to cement-based materials, gypsum-based materials (for example, glass fiber reinforced gypsum) and concrete-based materials may also be used.

The thicker the lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured material layer is, the better the fire resistance and fireproofing performance will be, but if it is too thick, it will undesirably increase the weight and size. Generally 8-90m
The thickness is said to be about m.

The shape of the composite panel of the present invention is not limited to a flat plate, but can take almost any shape such as a curved plate formed by processing such as two-dimensional bending, although it depends on the formability of the metal plate etc. and GRC etc. Further, its dimensions are generally limited to a maximum of about 5 m x 3 m, due to restrictions on transportation and installation work rather than manufacturing restrictions.

The edges of the composite panel may be treated by bending the metal plate 2 to the back side as shown in Fig. 2, but in this case, the fireproof Therefore, it is preferable that the back side of the edge portion be completely covered with lightweight GRC5, as shown in FIG. 1.

An experimental example will be explained below.

Experimental Example 1 A composite panel as shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured by the following procedure.

That is, a high-density foamed sheet and a low-density foamed sheet having the following specifications were adhered with an acrylic adhesive to form a laminated sheet. Next, this laminated sheet was adhered to the surface of the metal plate described below with an acrylic adhesive so that the high-density foam sheet was on the metal plate side. After that, the edges are bent and the lightweight GRC raw material prepared by the following method is applied to the low-density foam sheet surface side.
Cast and harden the RC plate to a thickness of 30mm to 1m.
A composite panel of x2m x 8cm (thickness) was produced.

High-density foam sheet Chlorobrene foam sheet Thickness: 2 mm Foam diameter: 0.1 mm or less Low-density foam sheet Urethane foam sheet Thickness: 2 mm Foam diameter: Average 0.7 mm Metal plate, 1.5 mm thick aluminum plate Method for preparing lightweight GRC raw material 1 part by weight of a protein-based foaming agent and 24 parts by weight of water were mixed and foamed using a high-speed mixer to prepare air milk.

Separately, 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 50 parts by weight of fine aggregate (fly ash), 40 parts by weight of water, and 1 part by weight of a water reducing agent (Kao Mychie 150) were mixed to prepare a cement mortar.

Next, air milk and cement mortar were mixed to prepare a lightweight cement mortar with a specific gravity of 13, to which 2% by volume of glass fiber was added and thoroughly kneaded.

The resulting composite panel was subjected to fire resistance and fire protection tests using the following method. The results are shown in Table 1.

For comparison, a similar test was conducted on a commercially available product (composite of aluminum plate and general GRC), and the results are shown in Table 1.

Fire resistance test External wall (non-bearing strength) 1-hour fire resistance test (JIS A-1304) Table 1 From Table 1, the composite panel of the present invention has extremely excellent fire resistance.
It is clear that it has fire retardant properties.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, the composite panel of the present invention consists of laminating and adhering a high-density foamed sheet or non-foamed sheet and a low-density foamed sheet on the back side of the surface material. A lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured material layer is formed on the material, and due to the presence of pores in this lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured material layer,
Remarkably excellent fire resistance and fireproofing properties can be obtained. In addition, it has excellent heat insulation and soundproofing properties.

Moreover, the following excellent effects are also achieved.

■ A composite panel with extremely high adhesive strength can be obtained by incorporating a lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic curable material into a low-density foam sheet.

(2) Due to the presence of the high-density foamed (or non-foamed) sheet, the lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic curable material and the surface material are reliably isolated, and the surface material is not corroded by the components of the lightweight inorganic curable material.

- Due to the cushioning effect of the foam sheet, the difference in expansion and contraction between the lightweight inorganic curable material and the surface material is reliably absorbed, and cracks and layer peeling due to the difference in expansion and contraction are prevented.

(2) The thickness of the foam sheet can be reduced, and the protective effect of the lightweight inorganic curable material on the surface material can be effectively exhibited.

(2) Since the lightweight inorganic curable material layer can be made into a homogeneous layer with a constant thickness, strength, product weight, etc. can be improved compared to conventional products. Furthermore, the product design can be arbitrarily selected.

■ Manufacturing costs can be reduced because there is no need to process the foam sheet used as a cushioning material.

Therefore, the composite panel of the present invention has excellent strength, durability, and various other properties in addition to fire resistance and fireproofing properties, and can be manufactured efficiently at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are sectional views each showing an embodiment of the composite panel of the present invention. FIGS. 3 to 7 are cross-sectional views showing conventional composite panels, respectively. 1...Composite panel, 2...Metal plate, 3...
・High-density foam sheet, 4...Low-density foam sheet, 5...Lightweight GRC 0s
Patent attorney Tsuyoshi Shigeno0,゛■

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A high-density foamed sheet or non-foamed sheet and a low-density foamed sheet are laminated and adhered to the back side of a non-flammable or fire-resistant surface material, and a lightweight fiber-reinforced inorganic cured material is placed on the low-density foamed sheet. A composite panel with fire-resistant and fire-retardant properties characterized by the formation of layers.