JPH01186128A - Charging system - Google Patents
Charging systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01186128A JPH01186128A JP836988A JP836988A JPH01186128A JP H01186128 A JPH01186128 A JP H01186128A JP 836988 A JP836988 A JP 836988A JP 836988 A JP836988 A JP 836988A JP H01186128 A JPH01186128 A JP H01186128A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- battery
- charging
- terminal
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、ニッケルカドミウム電池（以下電池と略称す
る）の充電方式に係り、特に電圧降下検出方式（一般に
−ｊｖ方式と称される。以下とのように記す）に関する
。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a charging method for a nickel-cadmium battery (hereinafter referred to as a battery), and particularly relates to a voltage drop detection method (generally referred to as a -jv method; hereinafter referred to as a -jv method). ).
ニッケルカドミウム電池は優れた性能によシ広く普及し
ておシ、負荷に応じて適宜直列接続されて使用される。Nickel cadmium batteries are widely used due to their excellent performance, and are used by being connected in series as appropriate depending on the load.
短時間に充電する方式の一つく一ΔＶ方式がある。電池
の公称容量値Ｃと同程度の電流で充電すると電池電圧が
徐々に上昇し、充電が進むと陽極よシ酸素ガスが発生し
この酸素ガスは隘極に吸収されこの際発熱して電池温度
が上昇する。電池電圧は高温になるほど低くなる性質が
あるため電池電圧は最大値を示しそれ以降徐々に降下す
る。この様子を第３図（ａ）の曲線Ｉに示す。There is one ΔV method for charging in a short time. When charging with a current comparable to the battery's nominal capacity value C, the battery voltage gradually rises, and as charging progresses, oxygen gas is generated at the anode, and this oxygen gas is absorbed by the pole, generating heat and lowering the battery temperature. rises. Since the battery voltage tends to decrease as the temperature increases, the battery voltage reaches a maximum value and then gradually decreases. This situation is shown by curve I in FIG. 3(a).
第３図（ｂ）の曲線Ｉは電池温度、第３図わ）の曲線Ｉ
は電池内圧である。電池内圧は充電終了近くから発生す
る酸素ガスによって増加する０曲線Ｉ。Curve I in Figure 3(b) is the battery temperature, curve I in Figure 3(b)
is the battery internal pressure. 0 curve I shows that the battery internal pressure increases due to oxygen gas generated near the end of charging.
１．１はそれぞれ周囲温度をパラメータとしである。低
温はど電池内圧の飽和点が高い。1.1 are each using the ambient temperature as a parameter. At low temperatures, the saturation point of battery internal pressure is high.
−ΔＶ方式充電は最大電圧点よシの電圧降下を測定し一
定値以上降下した時点において充電を停止するものであ
る。広い温度範囲内で過充電量が少なく充電できるメリ
ットがある。The -ΔV charging method measures the voltage drop from the maximum voltage point and stops charging when the voltage drop exceeds a certain value. It has the advantage of being able to charge within a wide temperature range with little overcharging.
なお、文献としては三洋電機株式会社発行「密閉形ニッ
ケルカドミウム蓄電池技術資料」が挙げられる。The literature includes "Technical Data on Sealed Nickel-Cadmium Storage Batteries" published by Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.
電池の来歴によりては、例えば長期放置した９過負荷接
続放置した電池では明確なピークを示さず一ΔＶ検出不
能な場合がある。この場合過充電され過大な温度上昇と
過大な内圧上昇による安全弁の動作、過充電による水素
ガスの発生をひき起こし信頼性・安全性に支障をきたす
、電池内部にサーモスタットを内蔵し異常高温を検出す
ることが考えられているが、水素の発生確率が高くガス
吸収性能の悪い低温において安全弁動作の危険性は残っ
ていた。第４図の曲線ａは正常時の電池電圧曲線である
。顕著なピークを示し、最大点Ａ点よ〕の一定電圧降下
で充電を停止できる。Ｂ点で充電を停止するため電池電
圧は急下降している。Depending on the history of the battery, for example, a battery that has been left unused for a long time after being overloaded may not show a clear peak and may not be able to detect 1 ΔV. In this case, the battery has a built-in thermostat to detect abnormally high temperatures, which can cause the safety valve to operate due to excessive temperature and internal pressure increases due to overcharging, and the generation of hydrogen gas due to overcharging, which impairs reliability and safety. However, there remained a risk that the safety valve would operate at low temperatures where the probability of hydrogen generation is high and gas absorption performance is poor. Curve a in FIG. 4 is a normal battery voltage curve. It shows a remarkable peak, and charging can be stopped at a certain voltage drop (from the maximum point A). Since charging is stopped at point B, the battery voltage drops rapidly.
曲線すは２年間糧度放置した電池の充電時の電池電圧曲
線の一例、Ｏは５年間稿度放置した時の一例である。The curve S is an example of a battery voltage curve when charging a battery that has been left unused for two years, and the curve O is an example of a battery that has been left unused for five years.
本発明の目的は、電池の温度を一定値以下に抑え、且つ
電池温度上昇分を検出して電池内圧上昇を抑えることＫ
ある。The purpose of the present invention is to suppress the temperature of the battery below a certain value, and to detect the increase in battery temperature to suppress the increase in battery internal pressure.
be.
上記目的は、ニッケルカドミウム電池に正極端子及び負
極端子の他に第３の端子を設け、該第３端子と負極端子
または正極端子間に感温抵抗素子をニッケルカドミウム
素電池に熱的に結合して接続する。充電器においてはＡ
／Ｄコンバータ内蔵または外付けの演算処理手段（マイ
クロコンピュータ）Ｋよプ、前記感温抵抗素子の抵抗値
を測定。The above object is to provide a nickel-cadmium battery with a third terminal in addition to a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and to thermally couple a temperature-sensitive resistance element to the nickel-cadmium unit between the third terminal and the negative or positive terminal. Connect. A in the charger
/D converter built-in or external arithmetic processing means (microcomputer) K measures the resistance value of the temperature-sensitive resistance element.
記憶、比較することによって達成される。Memorization, achieved by comparison.
感温抵抗素子は電池の温度に対応した抵抗値を示すから
、一定電流を流すことによシミ圧の格好でＡ ／ Ｄコ
ンバータを経由してマイクロコンピュータにと９込むこ
とができる。すなわち素電池の温度ｔマイクロコンピュ
ータが知ることができ、マイクロコンピュータはプログ
ラムに従い記憶。Since the temperature-sensitive resistance element exhibits a resistance value that corresponds to the temperature of the battery, by flowing a constant current, it can be input to the microcomputer via the A/D converter in the form of stain pressure. In other words, the temperature of the unit cell t can be known by the microcomputer, and the microcomputer memorizes it according to the program.
判定、制御する。Judgment and control.
本発明の一実施例を第１図、第２図によシ説明する。第
１図は本実施例のブロックダイヤグラムである。同図に
おいてニッケルカドミウム組電池１０は素電池１１を８
個直列接続し、正極端子１２と負極端子１５の他に第３
の極１４を設け、この第３極と負極端子間に感温抵抗素
子である例えば第３図に示す特性をもつＩ７．ア正温度
係数抵抗器（製造者−例ＩＯＡ株式会社等）１５を素電
池に熱結合している０本実施の放電容量は１００１００
Ｏである。An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of this embodiment. In the figure, the nickel cadmium assembled battery 10 has a unit cell 11 8
connected in series, and in addition to the positive terminal 12 and the negative terminal 15, a third
A pole 14 is provided between the third pole and the negative terminal, and a temperature-sensitive resistance element, for example I7. having the characteristics shown in FIG. The discharge capacity of a positive temperature coefficient resistor (manufacturer such as IOA Co., Ltd.) 15 which is thermally coupled to the unit cell is 100100.
It is O.
２０は充電用の定電流源であ〕、５０は電子スイッチで
演算処理手段（マイクロコンビ為−タ）４０によりて制
御される。マイクロコンビ為−タ４０はＡ／Ｄコンバー
タ５０と接続されまたは内蔵してお）、該Ａ ／ Ｄコ
ンバータ５０はアナ筒グ入力ｔ２つ有し、もしくはマル
チプレクサ等により入力を切プ換え、その一つは電池電
圧を適宜分圧して入力する。一方、電池のリニア正温度
係数抵抗器１５に定電流源６０より電流を供給しこの電
圧降下をＡ ／ Ｄコンバータの第２のアナログ入力す
る。Reference numeral 20 is a constant current source for charging], and reference numeral 50 is an electronic switch which is controlled by an arithmetic processing means (microcomputer) 40. The microcomputer 40 is connected to or has a built-in A/D converter 50). One is to divide the battery voltage appropriately and input it. On the other hand, current is supplied from a constant current source 60 to the linear positive temperature coefficient resistor 15 of the battery, and this voltage drop is inputted into the second analog input of the A/D converter.
第２図はマイクロコンピュータ４０のフローチャートで
ある。充電が指示されるとステップ５ＴＩＫて電池温度
を測定し記憶する。その後ステップＳ？２にて電子スイ
ッチを閉じて充電を開始する。充電中に電池電圧が最大
よｊ）１００ｍＶ以上低いか否かをステップＳ！５にて
判定し、条件が満たされると充電をステップＳ１’６に
て停止する。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the microcomputer 40. When charging is instructed, the battery temperature is measured and stored in step 5TIK. Then step S? At step 2, close the electronic switch and start charging. If the battery voltage is at its maximum during charging, check whether it is lower than 100mV in step S! 5, and if the conditions are met, charging is stopped in step S1'6.
もし条件が満たさなければ電池温度を測定し６０℃を越
える場合はステップ６にて充電を停止する。If the conditions are not met, the battery temperature is measured and if it exceeds 60°C, charging is stopped in step 6.
もし６０℃未満であれば、充電前の温度に比較して温度
上昇が２５℃以上あるか否かをステップＳ〒５にて判定
し、もし温度上昇が２５℃以上であれば充電をステップ
Ｓ！６にて停止し、２５℃未満であればステップＳ！３
へ戻る。電池温度は素電池に密着したリニア正温度係数
抵抗器に定電流を流してその電圧降下をＡ／Ｄコンバー
タを経由してマイクロコンビ為−タに入力できる。その
手法については本発明の特徴とは直接関係ないので詳述
は割愛する。If it is less than 60°C, it is determined in step S5 whether the temperature has increased by 25°C or more compared to the temperature before charging, and if the temperature has increased by 25°C or more, charging is stopped in step S5. ! Stop at 6, and if the temperature is less than 25℃, step S! 3
Return to The battery temperature can be measured by passing a constant current through a linear positive temperature coefficient resistor closely connected to the unit cell, and inputting the resulting voltage drop to the microcomputer via the A/D converter. Since the method is not directly related to the features of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
本発明によれば、−ノＶ検出Ｏ他に、電池温度検出と温
度変化検出が同時に可能であシ、充電の信頼性安定性向
上に効果がある。According to the present invention, in addition to -V detection, battery temperature detection and temperature change detection can be performed simultaneously, which is effective in improving charging reliability and stability.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の回路構成図、第２図は本発
明の一実施例のフローチャート図、第３図は充電時の電
池電圧、電池温度、電池内圧曲線等を示す特性図、第４
図は過装置電池の充電曲線図、第３図は−リニア正温度
係数抵抗器の温度特性曲線図である。
１０・・・ニッケルカドミウム組電池
１１・・・素電池 １２・・・正極端子１３・・・
負極端子 １４・・・第３端子１５・・・リニア正温
度係数抵抗器
２０・・・定電流源 ３０・・・電子スイッチ４０・
・・マイクロコンビ為−タ
５０・・・Ａ／Ｄコンバータ
６０・・・定電流源。
第３Ｅ２］
第４０
第３図Fig. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a flow chart diagram of an embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing battery voltage, battery temperature, battery internal pressure curves, etc. during charging. , 4th
The figure is a charging curve diagram of a battery with an overload, and FIG. 3 is a temperature characteristic curve diagram of a -linear positive temperature coefficient resistor. 10...Nickel cadmium assembled battery 11...Battery 12...Positive electrode terminal 13...
Negative terminal 14... Third terminal 15... Linear positive temperature coefficient resistor 20... Constant current source 30... Electronic switch 40.
...Microcombiner 50...A/D converter 60...Constant current source. 3E2] 40 Figure 3
Claims (1)
蔵したマイクロコンピュータを備えた電圧降下検出方式
のニッケルカドミウム電池充電方式において、該ニッケ
ルカドミウム電池は第３の端子を設け該第３端子と負極
端子または正極端子間に温度検出抵抗素子を接続してな
り、該マイクロコンピュータは前記ニッケルカドミウム
電池の電圧降下検出と共にニッケルカドミウム電池の温
度検出及び温度変化検出により充電を停止するプログラ
ムを有することを特徴とする充電方式。In a voltage drop detection type nickel cadmium battery charging method that is connected to an A/D converter or has a microcomputer with a built-in A/D converter, the nickel cadmium battery has a third terminal and a negative terminal is connected to the third terminal. Alternatively, a temperature detection resistance element is connected between the positive electrode terminal, and the microcomputer has a program that stops charging by detecting the voltage drop of the nickel cadmium battery, detecting the temperature of the nickel cadmium battery, and detecting a temperature change. Charging method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP836988A JPH01186128A (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-01-20 | Charging system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP836988A JPH01186128A (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-01-20 | Charging system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01186128A true JPH01186128A (en) | 1989-07-25 |
Family
ID=11691318
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP836988A Pending JPH01186128A (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-01-20 | Charging system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01186128A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100373240B1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2003-04-21 | 기아자동차주식회사 | Apparatus for charging battery of electric vehicle |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6039325A (en) * | 1983-08-11 | 1985-03-01 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Method of detecitng full charge of nickel-cadmium battery |
-
1988
- 1988-01-20 JP JP836988A patent/JPH01186128A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6039325A (en) * | 1983-08-11 | 1985-03-01 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Method of detecitng full charge of nickel-cadmium battery |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100373240B1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2003-04-21 | 기아자동차주식회사 | Apparatus for charging battery of electric vehicle |
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