JPH01171422A - Speed variator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily break off the transmission of rotary motion to an output shaft, by changing the rotational speed of an input shaft while increasing the transmission torque, transmitting the motion to the output shaft and, at the same time, transmitting the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft while decreasing the rotational speed. CONSTITUTION:An outer ring 1 is fixed and an input shaft 21 is rotated in normal direction with a pulley 28. Planetary rollers 13 are pushed into a gap between the tapered face 4 of the outer ring 1 and a sun roller 7 and are made to contact with the tapered face 4 and the roller 7. The roller 13 is rotated around its own axis and around the roller 7. The center axis 6 is used as an output shaft to transmit the rotation of the input shaft 21 to the output shaft with varied rotational speed and increased torque. As an alternative operation mode, the center shaft 6 is fixed, the input shaft 21 is rotated in normal direction, rollers 13 are pushed into the gap between the tapered face 4 and the roller 7 to contact the roller 13 with the tapered face 4 and the roller 7, the roller 13 is rotated around its own axis and around the roller 7 to rotate the outer shaft 1 as an output shaft at a varied speed and the rotation of the input shaft 21 is transmitted to the output shaft with increased torque.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention is capable of increasing the transmission torque, changing the speed of the rotation of the input shaft, and transmitting the rotation to the output shaft. The present invention relates to a transmission that can reduce the transmission force of rotation to the output shaft or easily cut off the transmission of rotation to the output shaft when transmitting the rotation.

"Prior Art" Conventionally, a transmission is known in which a plurality of gears are meshed together to transmit the rotation of an input shaft to an output shaft by decelerating or increasing the speed.

``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' However, in such conventional transmissions, there is backlash in the meshing part of the gears, which causes large friction loss and reduces the transmitted torque, which reduces the rotational drive source. As a result, the rotary drive source becomes large, the entire transmission becomes large, and noise is generated.

Furthermore, since the conventional transmission uses multiple gears, a single clutch must be interposed between the input shaft and the output shaft in order to intermittently transmit the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft. Therefore, there was a problem that the device became complicated and large.

An object of the present invention is to provide a transmission that solves the above-mentioned problems of conventional transmissions.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.That is, a cylindrical outer ring, a central shaft rotatably provided at the center of the outer ring, , a planetary roller mounting shaft having a roller mounting portion facing one end of the outer ring and rotatably and slidably mounted on the outer periphery of the central shaft; A tapered surface formed to have a large diameter, and a planet (7-
A sun roller is formed with a tapered surface that becomes larger in diameter as it approaches the planetary roller mounting shaft, and is rotatably attached to the roller mounting portion of the planetary roller mounting shaft, and a tapered surface that becomes larger in diameter as it approaches the planetary roller mounting shaft. is formed on the outer periphery and is inscribed in the outer ring and circumscribed in the sun roller; an input shaft provided on the axis and provided so as to be rotatable relative to the planetary roller mounting shaft and movable forward and backward; the input shaft and the M;
The rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft at a variable speed by normal rotation of the input shaft provided between the star roller mounting shaft and the planetary roller mounting shaft, and by the reverse rotation of the input shaft relative to the planetary roller mounting shaft. The cam mechanism is configured to reduce the transmission force of rotation of the input shaft to the outer ring.

1 Action: By holding the outer ring fixed and rotating the input shaft in the forward direction, the planetary rollers are pushed between the outer ring's tapered surface and the sun roller, and are securely pressed against the outer ring's tapered surface, the sun roller, and the sun roller without slipping. The planetary rollers revolve around the sun roller while rotating, and the central shaft rotates at variable speeds as an output shaft. In this case, the rotation of the human horn shaft is transmitted to the output shaft with a large torque.

In addition, by holding the central shaft fixed and rotating the input shaft in the forward direction, the planetary rollers are pushed between the outer ring's Taber surface and the sun roller, ensuring that the planetary roller does not slip and that the outer ring's Taber surface and the sun roller do not slip.
The planetary rollers are in pressure contact with the sun roller, rotate on their own axis and revolve around the sun roller, and the outer ring rotates at variable speeds as an output shaft. In this case, the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft with a large torque.

In addition, when the rotation of the input shaft is decelerated and transmitted to the outer ring as the output shaft, by reversing the input shaft with respect to the planetary roller mounting shaft, it is possible to avoid reducing the transmission force of the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft. Or, it is possible to cut off the transmission of rotation to the output shaft.

"Example" An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a stepped cylindrical outer ring, and a tapered surface 4 whose diameter increases from the bottom 2 of the outer ring 1 toward the opening 3 is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 1.

Further, a center shaft 6 is rotatably provided at the center of the outer ring 1 via a bearing 5.5. This central shaft 6 protrudes from both ends of the outer ring l.

A sun roller 7, a portion of which is located within the outer ring 1, is fixedly attached to the central shaft 6. A tapered surface 8 is formed on the outer periphery of the sun roller 7, the diameter of which increases as it goes from the bottom 2 of the outer ring 1 toward the opening 3.

A flan-shaped roller mounting portion 10 of a planetary roller mounting shaft 9 is opposed to one end opening 3 of the outer ring l. The planetary roller mounting shaft 9 is rotatably and slidably mounted on the central shaft 6 via bearings It, 11. Planetary rollers 13 are rotatably mounted via shafts 12 at three equal positions on the circumference of the roller mounting portion 10 . An opening 3 is formed on the outer periphery of the planetary roller 13 from the bottom 2 of the outer ring 1.
A tapered surface 14 is formed which becomes larger in diameter as it goes toward. A rubber layer I5 or a plurality of rubber rings (not shown) are fixedly provided on the tapered surface 14 of each planetary roller 13. Most of the planetary rollers 13 are fitted into the outer ring i, and are inscribed in the tapered surface 4 on the inner circumference of the outer ring 1 and in circumscribed contact with the sun roller 7.

There is a half cam on the opposite side of the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 from the roller mounting part IO! 6 is integrally attached coaxially with the center shaft 6, and this cam half-rest 16 is loosely fitted to the center shaft 6 so as to be freely rotatable. A cam surface 17 made of a curved surface inclined with respect to the central axis 6 is formed on the end surface of the cam half-rest 16. Further, a recess 18 is formed in the center of this cam surface 17. The outer diameter of the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 and the outer diameter of the cam half-rest 16 are the same, and a guide tube is provided between the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 and the outer periphery of the cam half-rest 16! 9 are fitted and fixed.

On the other hand, an input shaft 21 is rotatably and slidably attached to the left end of the center shaft 6 in FIG. 1 via bearings 20, 20. This input shaft 2! A cam half body 22 is integrally attached coaxially with the central shaft 6 at the end of the cam half rest 16 side. This cam half-rest 22 has a central shaft 6
It is freely rotatably fitted. A cam surface 23 consisting of a curved surface inclined with respect to the central axis 6 is provided at the end of the cam half body 22.
is formed. Further, a four part 24 is formed at the center of this cam surface 23. Outer diameter of input shaft 21 and cam half 2
The input shaft 21 and the cam half 2 have the same outer diameter.
The outer periphery of the guide cylinder 19 is fitted into the sliding die t[. The cam surfaces 17.23 are opposed and these cam surfaces 17.
The distance between the opposing portions of the cam surface 23 and the cam surface 23 is equal.

A plurality of balls 25 are fitted between the cam surfaces 17°23. And these cam half holidays 16, 22. A cam mechanism is composed of balls 25 and the like, and the input shaft 21 is connected to the planetary roller mounting shaft 9.
It is said that it is possible to rotate both relative to and in the same manner. An annular i1426 is formed on the outer periphery of the input shaft 21,
A stopper piece 27 attached to the end of the guide tube 19 is fitted into the annular groove 26 . This allows the input shaft 21 to move in the axial direction of the central shaft 6 by an amount equal to the width of the annular groove 26 minus the thickness of the stopper piece 27. Further, a pulley 28 for rotating the input shaft 21 is attached to the outer peripheral end of the input shaft 21.

A spring 29 is loosely fitted into the fourth portion 18.24, and urges the cam surface 17 and the cam surface 23 in a direction that always brings them closer together.

Next, the operation of the transmission configured as described above will be explained.

First, the outer ring l is held fixed, a rotational drive source (not shown) is connected to the pulley 28, and this rotational drive source is operated to rotate the input shaft 21 in the normal direction (in the six directions of arrows in FIG. 1). When the outer ring l is rotated clockwise), the tapered surface 4 of the outer ring l. Between the planetary rollers 13 and between the planetary rollers 13. Since there is frictional resistance between the sun rollers 7, the input shaft 21 rotates relative to the planetary roller mounting shaft 9, and the cam surface 23 presses the cam surface 17 via the ball 25, and further presses the cam surface 17 via the planetary roller mounting shaft 9. Then, the planetary roller 13 is pushed into the bottom 2 side of the outer ring 1 between the outer ring 1° and the sun roller 7. As a result, the tapered surface 4 and the sun roller 7
The rubber layer 15 of the planetary roller 13 is in pressure contact with the tapered surface 8 of
The input shaft 21 and the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 rotate integrally, the planetary roller 13 revolves around its own axis, and the rotation of the input shaft 21 is transmitted to the sun roller rough with a large transmission torque, and the central shaft 6 is output together with the sun roller 7. The shaft is rotated at an increased speed relative to the rotational speed of the input shaft 21.

Here, when the input shaft 21 is reversed, the pressing force of the cam surface 17 by the cam surface 23 is removed, and the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 moves in the direction of the arrow 13 shown in FIG. 1 due to the force of the spring 29, and each planetary roller 13 is separated from the tapered surface 4 of the outer ring l and is in a state of circumscribing the sun roller 7, the rotation of the input shaft 21 is transmitted to the sun roller 7, and the input shaft 21 and the central shaft 6 as the output shaft rotate at a constant speed. .

In addition, the inclination angle of the cam surfaces 17.23 with respect to the central axis 6 is made close to 90°, and the intervals between the cam surfaces 17.23 are made small,
When the input shaft 21 is reversed with the ball 25 having a small diameter,
The amount of movement of the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 in the direction of arrow B in FIG.
and the rubber layer 15 of the planetary roller 13 and the planetary roller 1
3. Either slipping occurs between the sun rollers 7 and a resistance force is generated there, or the planetary rollers 13 slip from the tapered surface 4 of the outer ring I.
The rubber layer 15 of the input shaft 2 does not separate and has a small transmission torque.
1 rotation is transmitted to the central shaft 6.

Next, the outer ring 1 is set in a free state, the central shaft 6 is held fixed,
If the input shaft 21 is not rotated in the normal direction (clockwise when viewed in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1), the same process will occur as in the case where the outer ring 1 is held fixed, and the tapered surface 4. The planetary rollers 13 are pushed into the bottom 2 side of the outer ring l between the sun rollers 7.

As a result, the planetary roller t3 revolves while rotating, transmits the rotation of the input shaft 21 with a large transmission torque to the outer ring 1, and decelerates the rotation using the outer ring 1 as an output shaft.

Here, when the input shaft 21 is reversed, a cam surface created by the cam surface 23! 7 is removed, and the force of the spring 29 causes the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 to move in the direction of the arrow l shown in FIG.
Transmission of the rotation of the input shaft 2I to the outer ring l is cut off.

Note that the inclination f(+
When the input shaft 21 is reversed with the angle close to 90°, the cam surfaces 17 and 23 spaced small, and the ball 25 made small in diameter, the planetary roller mounting shaft 9 in the direction of arrow B in FIG. The movement m relative to the outer ring 1 becomes small, and slippage occurs between the tapered surface 4 of the outer ring 1 and the rubber layer 15 of the planetary roller 13, generating resistance there, or the tapered surface 4 of the outer ring 1 causes the planetary roller I3 to slip. The rubber layer 15 does not separate and transmits a small amount!
・When the torque is 6, the rotation of the input shaft 21 is the outer ring! be communicated to.

Therefore, if a state is created in which slippage occurs between the tapered surface 4 of the outer ring 1 and the rubber layer 15 of the planetary roller 13, the transmission of this embodiment can also be applied to, for example, a fishing reel. That is, a fishing reel is attached to the input shaft 21 instead of the pulley 28, and a fishing line is wound around this reel. is held in the hands of the angler. and,
If you catch a fish, reel in the fishing line. At this time, even if the fish is large and the fishing line would normally break, the rubber layer 15 of the planetary roller 13 is designed to slide against the tapered surface 4 of the outer ring 1, so that the fishing line is removed from the reel. By removing your hand from time to time to stop winding the fishing line, you can temporarily loosen the fishing line and prevent the fishing line from breaking, thereby preventing the big fish from escaping.

"Cold Effect of the Invention" According to the present invention, a cylindrical outer ring, a central shaft rotatably provided at the center of the outer ring, and a roller mounting portion facing one end of the outer ring are provided. an M-star roller mounting shaft rotatably and slidably attached to the outer circumference of the outer ring; a tapered surface formed on the inner circumference of the outer ring so that the diameter becomes larger as it approaches the planetary roller mounting shaft; a sun roller that is located and fixedly attached within the outer ring and has a tapered surface on its outer periphery that becomes larger in diameter as it approaches the planetary roller attachment shaft; and a sun roller that is rotatably attached to the roller attachment portion of the planetary roller attachment shaft. a planetary roller having a tapered surface that becomes larger in diameter as it approaches the planetary roller mounting shaft and is inscribed in the outer ring and circumscribed in the sun roller; and a roller mounting portion of the planetary roller mounting shaft. an input shaft that is provided on the same axis as the central axis facing an end surface opposite to the input shaft, and is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the planetary roller mounting shaft and movable forward and backward; and an input shaft and the planetary roller mounting shaft. The rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft at a variable speed by normal rotation of the input shaft with respect to the planetary roller mounting shaft, and by the reverse rotation of the input shaft with respect to the planetary roller mounting shaft. Since the configuration consists of a cam mechanism that reduces the rotational transmission force to the outer ring, it is possible to transmit large torque without requiring precision while having a simple structure, and the rotational transmission driving force is reduced accordingly. Therefore, it is possible to use a rotational drive source with a smaller rotational driving force than conventional ones, and it is possible to downsize the transmission, which in turn allows the entire transmission to be downsized. ■Using a rotation transmission means using rollers ■When decelerating the rotation of the input shaft and transmitting it to the output shaft, the rotation of the input shaft can be easily transferred to the output shaft by simply reversing the input shaft. or cut off the transmission of rotation from the input shaft to the output shaft, and reduce the transmission force of rotation from the input shaft to the output shaft described in ■ above. In some cases, it can be applied to a fishing reel to prevent the fishing line from breaking when a large fish is hooked, and to reduce the transmission of rotation from the input shaft to the output shaft described in ■ above. When disconnected, the rotation of the input shaft can be transmitted intermittently to the output shaft without installing a separate clutch, making it possible to provide a compact and convenient transmission, which can be used in various devices. The range can be expanded significantly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1. l...Outer ring, 4,8.14...Tapered surface, 6...Central shaft, 7...Sun roller, 9... Planetary roller mounting shaft, 10...
Roller mounting part, I3... Planetary roller, 17.2
3...Cam surface, 21...Input shaft, 25
······ball.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cylindrical outer ring, a central shaft rotatably provided at the center of the outer ring, and a roller mounting portion facing one end of the outer ring, and rotatably and slidably mounted on the outer periphery of the central shaft. a planetary roller mounting shaft; a tapered surface formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring so that the diameter becomes larger as it approaches the planetary roller mounting shaft; and an outer periphery fixedly attached to the center shaft within the outer ring a sun roller having a tapered surface that becomes larger in diameter as it approaches the planetary roller mounting shaft; and a sun roller that is rotatably attached to the roller mounting portion of the planetary roller mounting shaft and that increases in diameter as it approaches the planetary roller mounting shaft. a planetary roller having a tapered surface formed on its outer periphery and inscribed in the outer ring and circumscribed in the sun roller; an input shaft that is provided on the same axis and that is rotatable relative to the planetary roller mounting shaft and capable of advancing and retreating; and an input shaft that is provided between the input shaft and the planetary roller mounting shaft and that is relative to the planetary roller mounting shaft. A cam that changes the speed and transmits the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft by normal rotation of the input shaft, and reduces the transmission force of the rotation of the input shaft to the outer ring by reverse rotation of the input shaft with respect to the planetary roller mounting shaft. A transmission characterized by comprising a mechanism.