JPH01164787A - Method for manufacturing powder manure or feed from organic waste material and appratus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To effectively utilize org. wastes and to easily and inexpensively obtain powder feed or fertilizers by bringing the org. wastes into contact with pressurized steam under agitation in a hermetic vessel to cook the wastes and spray drying the resulted liquid layer.

CONSTITUTION: The org. wastes 1 (e.g.: the internal organs of livestock and the cooking left-overs of restaurants) are supplied to a cooking device 3 where the wastes are brought into contact with the pressurizes steam 2 under agitation to a liquid form. The cooking liquid is then introduced into an oil separating tank 5 from which an oil-component 7 is taken to the outside of the system. The water layer is introduced through a cushion tank 9 and is introduced into a cooking liquid tank 14. The residues, such as bones, are crushed in a crusher tank 12 and are then introduced into the cooking liquid tank 14 where the residues are mixed with the water layer. The cooking liquid mixture is supplied to a spray drier 17 where the mixture is spray dried by the hot air from a hot air generator 18. The resulted dry powder is captured by a product capturing device 19 and is used as the powder feed or powder fertilizers.

COPYRIGHT: (C)1989,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for producing powdered feed or fertilizer by processing organic waste such as animal waste and cooking residue, and an apparatus used therefor. It is.

(Prior art) Animal wastes, such as offal, meat, heads, and bones of cows, horses, pigs, chickens, fish, and shellfish, as well as oils and starches generated in restaurants, hotels, eateries, restaurants, etc. Most organic wastes such as cooking residues containing food, gelatin, protein, etc. are incinerated at incinerators or buried.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) By the way, these organic wastes contain useful components such as oil, starch, and protein, so incinerating or burying them would be a major loss of useful resources, but it is easy to There was no inexpensive regeneration method available, and the development of one was desired.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, as a result of extensive research into an effective method for recycling organic waste, the inventors of the present invention brought the organic waste into contact with pressurized steam while stirring, grinding, and crushing the organic waste. It was discovered that a method of boiling and cooking followed by spray drying was preferable, and based on this knowledge, the present invention was completed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a flow sheet of an example of an apparatus used to implement the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a vertical digester, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a horizontal digester, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a horizontal digester. A- in Figure 3
A view taken along arrow A, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the branch plate portion in FIG. 3.

In the figure, 3 is a cooking device, 5 is an oil separation tank, 12 is a crusher tank, 14 is a cooking liquid tank, 17 is a spray dryer, 22, 34 is a closed container, 29 is a perforated plate, and 36 is a rotation capacity.

The digester 3 is for bringing organic waste into contact with pressurized steam to cook it, and may be a vertical digester, a horizontal digester, or a normal pressurized can.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a vertical digester includes a cylindrical sealed container 22 installed vertically, and a truncated inverted conical perforated plate provided to vertically divide the lower part of the container 22. 29 and -3=, a spiral stirring blade 31 provided to rotate along the upper surface of the perforated plate 29, and a ring provided below the perforated plate 29 with a large number of steam ejection holes drilled therein. shaped steam supply pipe 3
A configuration consisting of 0 is used. The perforated plate 29 serves as a dispersion plate that helps uniform inflow of water vapor, and also serves as a filter for cooking liquor.

Examples of horizontal digesters include those shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5.
As shown in the figure, there is a cylindrical sealed container 34 installed laterally, a rotary shaft 36 provided coaxially within the container 34, and a rotary shaft 36 that protrudes in the axial direction from the inner wall of the rotary shaft 36 and extends in the axial direction. A device consisting of a scraping plate 40 and a steam supply pipe 35 provided in a closed container 34 is used. Rotation ability 36
serves as a dispersion plate that helps the uniform flow of water vapor, and also serves as a filter for cooking liquor.

゛ The oil separation tank 5 is for stratified separation of the oil contained in the cooking liquor, and a normal tank is used, but one that stirs under heating and pressure is preferable.

The spray dryer 17 is used to quickly dry the cooking liquor, and is of a type that sprays the cooking liquor into a normal swirling gas stream.

The crusher tank 12 is for crushing the cooking residue containing solids such as bones that have not been dissolved in the digester 3, and a crusher such as a homo mixer, a cutter mill, a ball mill, or a rotary crusher is used. However, this can be omitted when using the rotation ability of a mesh with a small opening in the digester shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5.

Note that, as the rotary force 36, a cage-like steel wire knitted material, a cylindrical material made of punched metal of various shapes, etc. are used.

(Function) Next, the case where the method of the present invention is carried out using the apparatus configured as described above will be explained. First, the organic waste used in the present invention is animal waste, that is, cow,
Waste products such as offal, meat, heads, bones, etc. of horses, membranes, fish, shellfish, etc., and cooked food containing oil, starch, gelatin, protein, vegetable scraps, etc. generated in restaurants, hotels, eateries, restaurants, etc. residue,
Examples include leftover food.

In FIG. 1, organic waste is fed to a digester 3 through a conduit 1, preferably after being cut or crushed to an appropriate size. The organic waste fed is from 1 to 10 kg/crMG, preferably from 3 to 10 kg fed through conduit 2.
It is hydrolyzed (cooked) and becomes liquid by the heat and pressure of pressurized steam of /cnG. The obtained cooking liquor is led to an oil separation tank 5 through a conduit 4, and the oil component is separated by stratification. The separated oil layer is taken out of the system through conduit 7 and reused. The water layer is led out from the conduit 8 to the Kunjeong tank 9 and temporarily stored therein. Cooking residues such as bones are led out from a conduit 11 to a cranoshank 12, mixed with a solution in a cushion tank 9 introduced from a conduit 10, and crushed. The liquid containing the crushed material is transferred to a cooking liquid tank 14 by a pump 13, and is transferred to a cooking liquid tank 14 through a conduit 1.
mixed with the solution supplied from 0. The mixed liquid passes through a screen 15 and is supplied to a spray dryer 17 from a conduit 16.
It is sprayed into a hot gas stream supplied from the hot air generator 18 and dried. The obtained dry powder is introduced into the product collection device 19 together with hot gas and separated into solids and gases. The separated powder is discharged from the conduit 21 and transferred to a product hopper or the like, and is provided as feed or fertilizer as it is or after adding additives. The gas separated by the product collection device 19 is
20 and sent to an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown) such as a deodorization device for treatment.

On the other hand, the water layer of the oil separation tank 5 is introduced from the conduit 6 to the digester W3 from which the cooking residue has been discharged, as necessary, and organic waste is supplied again, and a second cooking operation is carried out according to the method described above. is started. Thereafter, such operations are repeated.

Next, a case where the vertical digester shown in FIG. 2 is used will be described. First, organic waste is introduced into the closed container 22 through the pole valve 32 at the top of the closed container 22. Next, the mixture is stirred by a stirrer 23 having paddle-type stirring blades 24 and spiral-type stirring blades 31, preferably grinding and crushing, while pressurized steam is supplied from a steam supply pipe 30 to maintain the inside of the system at a predetermined pressure. The supplied water vapor is ejected from the ejection hole of the steam supply pipe 30 that opens at a position below the perforated plate 29, passes through the opening of the perforated plate 29, and comes into contact with the organic waste in the closed container 22. The obtained cooking liquor is passed through the conduit 25
and 26 to the next step. Cooking residue such as bones, etc.
By rotating the screw 270 times, it is led out from the Paul valve 28 to the next process. The state inside the digester 3 is that of the closed container 22.
It is observed and confirmed through a viewing window (not shown) provided on the side of the machine. With the above operations, the first cooking operation is completed.

After the contents have been discharged, the aqueous layer in the oil separation tank 5 is introduced into the digester as necessary, and organic waste is again fed into the digester for the second cooking process according to the method described above. The operation is started.

Next, the case of using the horizontal digester shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 will be described. First, organic waste is introduced into the rotating rotary unit 36 from the pole valve 33 at the top of the closed container 34. The input organic waste is
Left and right rotational ability 36 is achieved by the branch plate 39 protruding in the rotational direction.
distributed within. Next, pressurized steam is supplied from the steam supply pipe 35 to maintain the inside of the closed container 34 at a predetermined pressure. The supplied water vapor enters the rotary chamber 36 through the opening in the rotary chamber 36 and comes into contact with the organic waste. The organic waste is scraped up to the top by a scraping plate 40 installed inside the rotating capacity 36 and then dropped, so that it is subjected to a crushing action as well as stirring. Therefore, the cooking residue such as bones that have become brittle due to cooking is sequentially crushed, so that almost no cooking residue remains. The obtained cooking liquor is led out to the next step through a conduit 38. After the cooking liquid has been discharged, the cooking device 3 includes:
If necessary, the aqueous layer in the oil separation tank 5 is introduced, organic waste is again introduced, and the second cooking operation is started according to the method described above. Although the case where a batch method is used has been described above, the present invention can also be carried out by a continuous method.

The composition of the powdered feed or fertilizer obtained in the present invention varies depending on the type of organic waste used as a raw material, but on average it contains 38-B' OW t% protein and 10-50 wt% carbohydrates.
%, ash content 1 to 35 wt%, fat and oil content 0.5 to 5 wt%, calcium 5 to 12 wt%, and moisture content of about 2 to 10 wt%. It is shaped into a shape and used as feed for fish, dogs, cats, chickens, pigs, cows, etc., or as organic fertilizer.

It is particularly suitable as feed for pets such as dogs, cats, small birds, and fish, and for fish farming.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention enables organic waste to be digested by directly contacting it with pressurized steam under stirring, and then spray-dried. It is industrially valuable in terms of utilizing unused resources, as the waste can be used as feed or fertilizer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a flow sheet of an example of an apparatus used to implement the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a vertical digester, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a horizontal digester, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a horizontal digester. A- in Figure 3
The A arrow view and FIG. 5 are enlarged perspective views of the branch plate portion shown in FIG. 3.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) Organic waste is digested by contacting it with pressurized steam in a closed container with stirring, and the resulting liquid layer is spray-dried to form a powder. A method for producing powdered feed or fertilizer. (2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized steam is 1 to 10 kg/cm^2G. (3) The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid layer to be spray-dried is obtained by removing an oil layer by stratification separation. (4) The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid layer to be spray-dried contains fine particles obtained by crushing the cooking residue. (5) A vertical cylindrical sealed container having a raw material inlet in the upper part and a cooking liquid outlet and a cooking residue outlet in the lower part, a truncated inverted conical perforated plate that vertically divides the lower part of the container, and a perforated plate. 1. An organic waste digester characterized by having a steam inlet opening downward and a stirring blade provided above a perforated plate. (6) A horizontal cylindrical sealed container having a raw material inlet at the top, a cooking liquid outlet at the bottom, and a steam inlet at an arbitrary position, a cylindrical rotating cage provided coaxially within the container, and an axis of the inner wall of the cage. 1. An apparatus for digesting organic waste, comprising a scraping plate provided along the direction.