JPH01163605A - Three-dimensional measuring instrument equipped with measurement procedure teaching means - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To speedily take a measurement by providing an automatic interference evaluating function which evaluates whether or not interference occurs according to a substituted simple shape when a measuring element and a body to be measured move relatively. CONSTITUTION:Design data from an auxiliary means 60 including a CAD system 61 is inputted through the operation of an input device 1 and a CAD part 22 generates a three-dimensional shape figure corresponding to the shape of the body to be measured. A measurement part 24 while operating organically with the part 22 evaluates whether or not the measuring element and object interfere with each other by the automatic interference evaluating function according to set basic conditions, the purpose of measurement evaluation, the number of measurement points, and a measurement range, so a reliable movement path is established. Thus, the measurement procedure teaching means 10 outputs instructions for three-dimensional measuring instrument processing to a controller 51 through a postprocessor 29 while editing practical measurement information and converting it into the instructions by a CAD data base 26, and then the three-dimensional measuring instrument 30 measures and inspects the object speedily and accurately according to the measurement procedure from the means 10.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] Three-dimensional measurement equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means that generates a measurement procedure including a procedure of relative movement between a probe and an object to be measured from design data and teaches the same. Regarding improvements to the machine.

[Background technology and its problems]

One type of conventional coordinate measuring machine includes a main body that moves the probe and the object to be measured relative to each other in the three-dimensional axis direction and detects the amount of relative movement, and a built-in measurement procedure program that detects the relative movement amount according to a predetermined procedure. It is composed of a control device that drives and controls the main body to move the two relatively, and a control device that determines the shape and dimensions of the object to be measured from the amount of relative movement.The measurement program uses the reference object to measure the actual desired value. It was created using the so-called playback method, in which it was created from data captured while performing the measurement procedure. Therefore, it is necessary to manufacture a sophisticated reference measurement object, and a measurement procedure program cannot be created until after the reference measurement object has been manufactured, resulting in an extremely large loss of time and economy.

In order to eliminate this defect, the present applicant has previously proposed a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means that allows a measurement procedure program to be created without producing a reference measurement object.

However, even if the measurement procedure teaching means generates three-dimensional figure data and also generates and teaches a measurement procedure including the relative movement path between the measuring head and the object to be measured, it is difficult to actually use the three-dimensional measuring machine. If the probe and the object to be measured are inadvertently involved (in the case of a touch signal probe, contact between the two)
Otherwise, it lacks practicality. In other words, in the measurement procedure teaching means, it is desirable to make the movement path as short as possible in order to be able to quickly move relative to each other, but the shape of the object to be measured is very complex, and the shape of the probe also changes with exchange. Considering this, it is difficult to complete the process from determining the yarn route to checking (evaluating) interference between the two in a short period of time.

Therefore, even if it is determined with time and skill, interference with the probe may occur when the shape of the object to be measured is large due to processing tolerances, etc. This causes the inconvenience that the touch signal probe including the expensive measuring element is lost, and the measurement must also be carried out in the middle.

On the other hand, if the movement path is determined so that the probe moves relative to the object to be measured in a large space in order to avoid such inconvenience, there is a problem that the measurement time becomes extremely long and the overall production efficiency is reduced. It is clear from the well-known fact that in order to improve the work efficiency of three-dimensional measuring machines, it is important to shorten the time required for their relative movements. Thus, in order to ensure the effectiveness of a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means, it has been strongly desired to improve the method of determining and evaluating the movement path of the three-dimensional measuring machine.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with an automatic interference evaluation function and a measurement procedure teaching means capable of achieving rapid measurement by determining the shortest moving path.

[Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention has the following features:
In order to ensure the effectiveness of the measurement procedure teaching means, we recognize that it is important to quickly generate a shape figure corresponding to the shape of the object to be measured and to determine the optimal movement path between the probe and the object to be measured. The aim is to achieve a highly reliable transportation route.

For this reason, in a coordinate measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means for generating and teaching a measurement procedure including a relative movement procedure between a probe and a measuring object from design data, the measurement procedure teaching means is configured to A shape/figure replacement function that replaces the shapes of the probe and the object to be measured with simple figures, and automatic interference that evaluates the presence or absence of interference during relative movement between the probe and the object based on the replaced shapes. The above purpose is achieved by having a configuration including an evaluation function.

Therefore, each shape figure of the measuring head and the object to be measured is replaced with a simple shape figure by the shape figure replacement function, and the measuring element and the measuring object are determined partially and entirely using the subsequent simple shape figures. Since it is possible to automatically evaluate the movement path that has been created, it is possible to ensure that the movement path is interference-free.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the main body 31, the control device 51, and the measurement procedure teaching means 10 perform three-dimensional measurement. 30, and an auxiliary means 60 is provided as a means for inputting design data into the measurement procedure teaching means 10.

First, the main body 31 consists of a base 32, columns 34 and 34 erected on both sides of the base 32, a beam member 35 spanned between the columns 34 and 34, and this beam member 35 as shown in the figure. The X slider 36 is mounted so as to be slidable in the direction;
A spindle 38 is slidably guided by the Z guide box 37 in the Z direction as shown in the figure, and a mounting is provided so as to be movable back and forth in the Y direction on the base 1. Attached to the lower end side of the object stand 42, the side plates 33, 33, bellows 46, and the spindle 38 for dustproofing the Y-direction driving means, Y-direction displacement detector, etc. housed below the object stand 42. It was formed from a touch signal probe 44 having a measuring element 45 that can be used as a touch signal probe. Note that 43 indicates a plurality of types of touch signal probes 44, 44.44. . . . In this example, the touch signal probe 44 is automatically replaced with the spindle 38 by an automatic probe attachment/detachment device (not shown).

In addition, the control device 51 is a control unit 5 schematically expressed.
2, a console (not shown) for making various settings, commands, etc., and an output device 54 formed from a typewriter, CRT, etc. for outputting measurement results. A predetermined measurement procedure program that calculates the measured values of the shape and dimensions from the relationship with the measurement object 1 attached to the table 42, that is, the position and number of points involved with both 45.1, and the amount of relative movement displacement between both 45.1. was stored.

Therefore, the object to be measured 1 is attached to the stage 42, and the object to be measured 1 is attached to the control unit 52 of the control device 51.
When automatic operation is started after setting a measurement procedure program corresponding to , Z), both 45, 1 are sequentially involved on a predetermined measurement surface (in this example, both 45, 1 are brought into contact because of the touch signal probe 44). Here, the control device 51 specifies the amount of relative movement between the two 45.1 based on the touch signal generated from the probe 44 when the two 45.1 are involved, and also determines the relative movement amount of the object 1 to be measured according to the measurement procedure program.
The structure is such that the measured values of the shape, dimensions, etc. can be determined with high precision.

Note that even when the main body 31 has a different type, for example, when the stage 42 is fixed, when the measuring stylus 45 is an optical non-contact type, the structure is functionally the same.

Now, the measurement procedure teaching means 10 generates and outputs data, that is, measurement information that allows the control device 51 to create a measurement procedure program without performing sample measurements using a reference measurement object. It is broadly divided into an input device 11 and a three-dimensional measurement support device W21.

In this embodiment, the three-dimensional measurement support system W 21 is an organic and integrally formed central processing system.
It is composed of an AD part 22, a measurement part 24, various databases 26, 27, 28, and a post processor 29 connected to a control device 51.

Here, the CAD part 22 has a graphic processing function for converting the design data to generate shape and graphic data corresponding to the shape of the object to be measured 1. In other words, the present invention attempts to generate a shape having the same shape as the measurement object without producing a reference measurement object as in the conventional method, and can function independently of the measurement part 24 described later. In other words, it creates a measurement database. Specifically, the figure processing function includes a three-dimensional figure generation function, a surface figure generation function, and a parametric figure generation function. It also has a tolerance attribute function, etc.

Now, the surface shape generation function sweeps by translating the basic line 80 consisting of a straight line, a combination of a straight line and a curved line, or a curved line as shown in FIG. 6(A) or rotating it as shown in FIG. 6(B). , which generates a surface shape figure corresponding to the basic measurement surface. Therefore, in addition to the shape figure shown in FIG. 6, various two-dimensional and three-dimensional surface shape figures such as those illustrated in FIGS. 7(A) to (D) can be generated. Although not shown, the surface shape figure generation function is also equipped with a function of a connection method that generates a surface shape figure by connecting points and lines, and can be used selectively or in combination with the above sweep method depending on the figure to be generated. can do. In addition, the three-dimensional figure generation function selects and combines surface figures as appropriate, for example, as shown in FIG. It is possible to construct and generate a three-dimensional figure corresponding to the shape of the object to be measured.

In addition, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned parametric figure generation function is provided in order to realize rapid processing, paying attention to the fact that there are many similar, enlarged, or reduced shapes in the shape of a part or the whole of the actual measurement object 1. This function allows you to register basic figures (parametric figures) whose dimensions are parameters, change the parameters, and generate similar figures. For example, the rectangular parallelepiped 2 shown in FIG. 9(A) is generated by using the rectangular plane (aXbXc) 5 as the basic figure and specifying the parameter C thereto, and the rectangular parallelepiped 2 shown in FIG. This is an example of generating a cylindrical body or a cylindrical outer peripheral surface by specifying a parameter Z. This function is also applicable to combinations of a plurality of basic figures as shown in (C). moreover,
Most of the basic figures are generated by the surface shape figure generation function.

In addition, the tolerance attribute function can complete a geometric figure with each of the above functions, but considering that it may not match the shape of the actual measurement object 1 by using only this function, Dimension/angular tolerance of measurement object 1 or JI
The purpose is to generate practical figures by making it possible to easily and organically add geometrical tolerances defined by S. Therefore, it is not necessary to generate all figures having different dimensions corresponding to the tolerance each time. It is also possible to search for tolerance information.

On the other hand, the measurement part 24 can operate independently of the CAD part 22 and has a close relationship with it, and refers to the shape figures and tolerance information corresponding to the shape of the object to be measured generated by the CAD part 22. Measurement information including the relative movement path between the measuring stylus 45 and the measuring object 1 is generated based on measurement conditions such as the measurement evaluation purpose, measurement position, number of measurement points, etc. set from the input device 11. In other words, by outputting it to the control device 51 via the post processor 29, the control device 51 generates enough measurement information to create a measurement procedure program similar to that created using the reference measurement object using the conventional play hack method etc. can do.

In particular, the measurement part 24 of this embodiment is provided with a probe operation simulation function, an automatic interference evaluation function, an information editing function, an automatic measurement point arrangement function, and a measurement macro function. The probe motion simulation function is capable of displaying and outputting the movement path on the display 12, which is a part of the input device 11, and also allows the movement path to be modified by operating the keyboard 13 or the like.

The automatic interference evaluation function, which is a characteristic feature of the present invention, is provided for the following purposes. -The number of measurement points for boat fishing is 1o.
Considering the fact that the number of objects to be measured is close to point oo, the shape of the object to be measured 1 is complex and diverse, and the shape of the touch signal probe 44 including the contact point 45 is also replaced and changed, how can we carefully determine the shortest movement path? Even if this is determined, in actual measurement, there may be interference between the probe 45 and the object 1 to be measured, such as collision or contact. If interference occurs, not only will the probe be damaged, but the measurement will have to be interrupted. This is a problem that is relatively likely to occur when observing the well-known rule that the relative moving speed or time between the probe 45 and the object to be measured 1 should be minimized in order to improve measurement efficiency. Here, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional figure (shape figure) corresponding to the shape of the measuring object 1 generated in the CAD part 22 and the shape of the measuring tip etc. are each replaced with a simpler shape figure, and this simple figure An automatic interference evaluation function is formed so that comrades can evaluate the presence or absence of interference between both 45,1. This will be explained in detail with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 (A) shows the actual shape of the probe 45 and spindle 38, and Fig. 1 (B)
When is taken as the actual shape of the object to be measured 1, interference between the two 45, 1, etc. can be checked (evaluated) by replacing it with the simple shape 8°9 as shown in FIG. In other words, the actual shape shown in FIG. 1 has unevenness, etc., and if an interference check were conducted based on this, it would take an enormous amount of time and effort. Therefore, for example, the shape of the measuring element 45 is replaced by its axis 8 as shown in FIG. If it is possible to check by replacing it with , a safe and reliable evaluation can be performed quickly. Note that the shape to be replaced can be arbitrarily selected depending on the form of the object to be measured. In addition, when there are a plurality of measurement points, the automatic measurement point arrangement function allows both 45.1 to participate in the optimum position where measurement can be performed with a predetermined accuracy. It is intended to be placed automatically.

For example, when determining the diameter of a hole and its axis, if you specify three measurement points using the three-point method, they will be automatically placed at 120 degree intervals inside the hole. The information editing function is a function that edits measurement information generated individually or as a group according to the actual measurement, often in chronological order. Furthermore, the measurement macro function is for quickly creating measurement information by registering measurement procedures of the same or similar shapes as macros and repeatedly using them. This can also be used to register and utilize measurement positions and score determination methods that meet the user's unique measurement standards, as well as other know-how, as decision rules.

In addition, CAD database 26, macro database 2
7. The measurement database 28 simplifies processing as a whole;
It is for speeding up and functioning as a storage element.

On the other hand, the input device 11 selects, commands, sets, and confirms specifications for operating the CAD part 22 and measurement part 24 in a predetermined manner through a conversation method with a central processing system that integrates the CAD part 22 and the measurement part 24. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the keyboard 13,
It is composed of an input board 16, an input pen 17, and the like. Therefore,
It is possible to set the measurement evaluation purpose, measurement position, number of measurement points, etc. Functions such as settings using the input board 16 and the manual pen 17 are as shown in FIG. Also, display 12
You can directly hit the shape displayed on the screen.

In addition, the auxiliary means 60 includes a CAD system 61 and a database 6 for processing related to boat fishing design processes and processing processes.
2 and an auxiliary file 63, which in this embodiment is provided so that design data, which is not a concrete figure expressed by numbers or symbols, can be directly input into the three-dimensional measurement support device 21. Detailed explanation will be omitted as this is a general commercially available product that does not include any treatment related to the measurement process.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

Note that, for convenience, the time element will be omitted and the explanation will be made in relation to the constituent elements.

(Settings, etc.) This is performed using the input device 11 of the measurement procedure teaching means 10.

Operate the keyboard 13, input board 16 and input pen 17,
The display 12 is also sometimes used.

(1) Setting measurement start conditions When creating new measurement information, use the measurement database 2.
8, the operation start condition is established by calling and declaring the data, or in the case of addition, insertion, etc., the existing data to be edited.

(2) Setting of basic conditions Select and set the basic conditions necessary for measurement work, such as information on the type of measuring machine and probe, coordinate system information, tolerance class information, etc.

(3) Setting the purpose of measurement and evaluation Specify the measurement surface of the object to be measured and set the purpose of evaluation. Typical measurement and evaluation purposes are listed below.

(a) Position, position difference (b) Distance (projected distance, spatial distance) (C) Angle (real angle, projected angle, spatial angle) (d) Eigen quantity verification (diameter, conical taper angle) (e) Geometric deviation Matching (
Straightness, flatness, etc.) (f) Posture deviation verification (parallelism, surface angle, etc.) [(2) Runout deviation verification (circumferential runout) (4) Setting measurement method Measure the measurement evaluation information set above. In order to determine the movement path for relatively moving the child 45 and the measurement object 1, the following specific matters are further set and commanded.

(a) Setting the number of measurement points (b) Specifying the measurement range It is effective as a treatment bundle for the area.

(C) Determining and instructing the measurement position (d) Instructing the guidance conditions of the probe (e) Selecting and specifying the interference evaluation function (5) Editing the measurement information (creating the shape figure) By operating the input device 11, the CAD Design data (figure images) from the auxiliary means 60 including the system 61 are input, and the data is converted and measured using the figure processing functions (surface shape figure generation function, solid shape figure generation function, parametric figure generation function, tolerance attribute function). C
Created by AD Part 22.

In other words, the basic line 80, which is a registered straight line, curved line, or a combination of a straight line and a curved line, is translated in parallel as shown in FIG. 6(A), or rotated as shown in FIG. 6(B) to sweep. In addition to the shapes shown in FIG. 6, which correspond to the basic measurement surface, the shapes shown in FIGS.
Various measurement surface shape figures such as those illustrated in (D) are generated by the surface shape figure generation function. Next, a plurality of measurement surface shapes are selected and combined as appropriate using the three-dimensional shape figure generation function, and a through hole with a diameter is provided, for example, in the combination of rectangular parallelepiped shape 2 and cylindrical shape 3 as shown in FIG. A cubic figure corresponding to the shape of the object to be measured is constructed and generated. In this way, by sweeping the simple basic line 80, measurement surface shape figures that are partial elements are easily generated, and by combining these measurement surface shape figures, shape figure data corresponding to the accurate shape of the object to be measured can be quickly constructed. can do.

Furthermore, if a part (measurement surface) or the entire shape of the measurement object 1 includes many similar shapes or enlarged or reduced shapes, the parametric shape generation function can be used to efficiently create a measurement surface shape figure or a three-dimensional shape figure. generate. For example, by setting dimensions that are variations of the basic figure (parametric figure) registered as shown in Fig. 9, it is possible to create a rectangular plane (aXbXc) shown in Fig. 9 (A).
Parameter C of 5 is set to generate rectangular parallelepiped 2.

Similarly, as shown in (B), the parameter Z of the basic figure which is a ring or a disk 6 is set to generate a cylindrical body (or a cylindrical outer peripheral surface). Further, as shown in (C), a more complex concrete three-dimensional figure can be generated by combining a plurality of basic figures.

(Creation of measurement information) Measurement information is created by the measurement part 24 based on the measurement conditions of the input device 11 and using data in each database 26, 27, 28 as appropriate.

The measurement part 24 works organically with the CAD part 22 to measure within the measurement range so as to satisfy the given number of measurement points based on the basic conditions, purpose of measurement evaluation, number of measurement points, measurement range, etc. The position is automatically determined, and the moving path (probe path) between the measuring stylus 45 and the measuring object 1 (equivalent shape figure) is determined. This is efficiently performed by using intermediate passing planes such as an "initial plane" and a "retract plane" according to the guidance conditions of the probe 45. In addition, different measurement evaluations can be performed while sharing a partial movement path and improving work efficiency. At this time, it is effective to use a probe motion simulation function having an animation function for determining the moving yarn path. Visual confirmation can also be made using the graphic display 12.

'Now, since the automatic interference evaluation function evaluates (checks) the presence or absence of interference between the probe 45 and the object to be measured 1, a movement path with high practical reliability can be established.

In addition, the automatic interference evaluation function can be checked as a whole or in stages, and it is also designed to perform static and dynamic checks using visual confirmation, automatic calculation, etc., so it is important to focus on important parts. can be checked efficiently.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the shape of the complex probe 45 (the touch signal probe 45 and the spindle 38 are also the same) and the measurement object 1 are adjusted to the axis 8 of the probe 45 as shown in FIG. By using a simple shape such as the combination of rectangular parallelepipeds 9, the movement path can be easily and quickly checked (evaluated). Therefore, by forming a simple shape connecting the circumferential surfaces of the three cylindrical parts as shown in FIG. 1(B), the shortest moving path can be established and high reliability can be ensured.

In this way, the measurement procedure teaching means 10 utilizes the time-series management of measurement information data through the editing operation to change,
Edit the practical measurement information by deleting, inserting, etc., and then
If it is converted into commands for the processing system of the three-dimensional measuring machine in the AD database 26 and outputted via the post processor 29,
By storing the measurement procedure program in the control unit 1-52 that receives this, it is possible to teach the measurement procedure.

In this way, the three-dimensional measuring machine 30 can quickly and accurately measure a measuring object based on the measuring stylus taught by the measurement procedure teaching means 10, which is created without manufacturing or using a reference measuring object or an actual measuring object. It is possible to measure and inspect I.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is not only possible to determine the movement path by using shape and figure data corresponding to the shape of the object to be measured, but also the measurement part 24 is provided with a shape and figure replacement function and an automatic interference evaluation function. From this, it is possible to establish a highly reliable movement path free from interference such as collision between the probe and the object to be measured in actual measurements. This is directly linked to being able to determine the shortest travel path, so it is possible to create measurement information that ensures highly efficient measurement.

In addition, the automatic interference evaluation function, in combination with the graphic processing function in CAD Part 22, allows important parts of measurement information to be completed quickly (standard), so it is possible to complete measurements to complete the measurement procedure program without using the measurement target (standard). The practicality of the measurement procedure teaching means 10 for teaching information can be dramatically improved.

In the above embodiments, the shape of the probe was replaced with its axis 8, and the shape of the object to be measured was replaced with a rectangular parallelepiped 9. However, the replaced shape is not limited to the disclosed range, and may vary depending on the mode of the movement path and the measurement. It can be arbitrarily selected from the viewpoint of avoiding interference depending on the form of the child, etc.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention has the excellent effect that it is possible to guarantee the reliability of the moving path between the probe and the object to be measured, and as a result, the effectiveness of the measurement procedure teaching means and highly efficient measurement work can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams showing one embodiment of a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means according to the present invention.
The figure shows the original shape, and FIG. 2 shows the simple shape after replacement. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measuring procedure teaching means according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is an external perspective view showing the overall configuration, and FIG. 5 is an input board of the input device. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the shape/figure data generation method, in which (A) shows the case of sweep by parallel movement, and (B) shows the case of sweep by rotation. are the same < Fig. 8 is an external view showing the shape figures generated in the CAD part, Figure 8 is an external view showing the shape figures generated by the combination method in the CAD part, and Fig. 9
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the shape graphic data generation method based on the parametric graphic generation function. 1... Object to be measured, 5... Rectangular plane as a basic figure, 6... Ring or disk as a basic figure, 8... Axis line as a simple figure, 9... Simple figure Rectangular parallelepiped, 10
...Measurement procedure teaching means, 11...Input device, 21.
...Three-dimensional measurement support device, 22...CAD part, 2
4...Measuring bart, 30...3D measuring machine, 31.
...Main body, 45...Measure head, 51...Control device, 8
0...Basic line.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means for generating and teaching a measurement procedure including a procedure for relative movement between a probe and a measuring object from design data, the measurement procedure teaching means is configured to perform the measurement. A shape/figure replacement function that replaces the shapes of the probe and the object to be measured with simple figures, and automatic interference that evaluates the presence or absence of interference during relative movement between the probe and the object based on the replaced shapes. A three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means, characterized in that it is provided with an evaluation function. (2) A three-dimensional measuring machine according to claim 1, comprising measurement procedure teaching means, wherein the shape/figure replacement function replaces the shape of the measuring stylus with its axis. (3) In claim 2, the shape/figure replacement function converts the shape of the measurement object into a reference three-dimensional (X,
(Y, Z) A three-dimensional measuring machine equipped with a measurement procedure teaching means that replaces the coordinates with a rectangular parallelepiped formed from planes parallel to the coordinate axes.