JPH01163202A - Production of plastic lens of pefractive index distribution type - Google Patents
Production of plastic lens of pefractive index distribution typeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01163202A JPH01163202A JP62309909A JP30990987A JPH01163202A JP H01163202 A JPH01163202 A JP H01163202A JP 62309909 A JP62309909 A JP 62309909A JP 30990987 A JP30990987 A JP 30990987A JP H01163202 A JPH01163202 A JP H01163202A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- monomers
- refractive index
- lens
- different
- index distribution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(F)(F)F QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000205 poly(isobutyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/0437—Smoothing ratio shift by using electrical signals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/36—Inputs being a function of speed
- F16H59/38—Inputs being a function of speed of gearing elements
- F16H59/42—Input shaft speed
- F16H2059/425—Rate of change of input or turbine shaft speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/68—Inputs being a function of gearing status
- F16H2059/6807—Status of gear-change operation, e.g. clutch fully engaged
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H2061/0075—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by a particular control method
- F16H2061/0087—Adaptive control, e.g. the control parameters adapted by learning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/08—Timing control
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は光学的なレンズの製造方法に係わるもので、特
に屈折率を分布させることにより、平板レンズ、正立等
倍像（１）のロッドレンズ等の與造に有利に適用できる
ものに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an optical lens, and in particular, by distributing the refractive index, a flat plate lens, a rod lens with an erect equal-magnification image (1), etc. It relates to things that can be advantageously applied to the construction of such things.
従来の技術
従来から、屈折率分布を有する円柱体にレンズの役割を
果させること、また屈折率の分布が、ｎ（γ）＝ｎ（１
−ｉ−八γ２） ・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・（１）ここで ｎ（γ）；半径γの位置における屈
折率ｎｏ；中心位置の屈折率
Ａ ：定数
に従がい、円柱体の長さが、
２＝２π／呪
である時には王立等倍像が得られ、僅かなスペースで大
きな像を投影できることが知られている。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, it has been known that a cylindrical body having a refractive index distribution has been made to play the role of a lens, and that the refractive index distribution is n(γ)=n(1
-i-8γ2) ・・・・・・・・・・・・
...(1) where n(γ); refractive index no at the radius γ; refractive index A at the center position: according to a constant, and when the length of the cylinder is 2=2π/curse, Royal et al. It is known that a double image can be obtained and a large image can be projected in a small space.
上記（１）式に従かう屈折率の分布を得るだめに、既に
いろいろな方法が提案されている。例えば特公昭４７−
８１６号公報に開示された方法は、円柱体のガラスを予
め形成し、ガラス中の陽イオンとは異なる陽イオンを含
む塩類に接触させ、外周からのイオン交換によりイオン
濃度分布をつくり屈折率に差をつけるものである。Various methods have already been proposed to obtain a refractive index distribution according to the above equation (1). For example, the Special Public Interest Publications Act,
The method disclosed in Publication No. 816 involves forming a cylindrical glass in advance, bringing it into contact with salts containing cations different from the cations in the glass, creating an ion concentration distribution through ion exchange from the outer periphery, and adjusting the refractive index. It makes a difference.
又、この方法が大変長い時間を要することから、その後
プラスチックを用いた方法がいくつか提案されている。Since this method takes a very long time, several methods using plastic have been proposed since then.
例えば、特公昭４了−２８０５９号公報では屈折率の異
なる２種類以上の重合体を混合して円柱体を形成し、溶
媒に対する溶解度の差を利用して、異なった成分比率の
重合体を溶出させることにより得て屈折率の分布を形成
している。For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-28059, two or more types of polymers with different refractive indexes are mixed to form a cylindrical body, and polymers with different component ratios are eluted using the difference in solubility in a solvent. The refractive index distribution is obtained by
又、特公昭５２−５８５７号公報では、重合が不完全な
網状重合体を屈折率の異なる重合体を形成し得る単量体
中に浸漬・拡散させた後に重合させる方法が開示されて
おシ、浸漬した単量体の濃度分布により屈折率の分布を
得ている。Furthermore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-5857 discloses a method in which an incompletely polymerized network polymer is immersed and diffused in a monomer capable of forming a polymer having a different refractive index, and then polymerized. The refractive index distribution is obtained from the concentration distribution of the immersed monomer.
これらの方法はいずれも濃度分布を直接制御できないの
で（１）式に従かう屈折率分布を設けることが難しいこ
とと、母材の一部に拡散する都合上、大きな屈折率差を
設けることができないので（１）式における定数Ａを大
きくできず、従って長い円柱体を作る必要がある。None of these methods can directly control the concentration distribution, so it is difficult to create a refractive index distribution that follows equation (1), and it is difficult to create a large refractive index difference because of the diffusion in a part of the base material. Therefore, the constant A in equation (1) cannot be increased, and it is therefore necessary to make a long cylindrical body.
これに対して特開昭５７−１８５００１号公報では、第
２図に示すように、屈折率の異なる単量体Ａ、Ｂをそれ
ぞれ容器１２、容器１３に貯え、ポンプ１４、ポンプ１
５で任意の混合比率を作り出した上で重合管１６に導き
、重合管１６の壁面から順次重合し、その厚さが増すに
つれて混合比率を変化させようというものであるがかな
シ太い円柱体でない限シ成形できない。On the other hand, in JP-A-57-185001, monomers A and B having different refractive indexes are stored in containers 12 and 13, respectively, and pump 14 and pump 1
After creating an arbitrary mixing ratio in step 5, the material is introduced into the polymerization tube 16, and polymerized sequentially from the wall surface of the polymerization tube 16, and the mixture ratio is changed as the thickness increases, but it is not a thick cylinder. Limited molding is not possible.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
以上述べたように、本発明が解決しようとする問題点は
従来の方法では以下の様な条件を満たすことができない
という問題点を有しておシ、本発明はそれらの条件を満
たした屈折率分布を有するプラスチックレンズの製造方
法を提供することを目的とする。Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that conventional methods cannot satisfy the following conditions. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a plastic lens having a refractive index distribution that satisfies these conditions.
■ 屈折率の分布を短時間内で形成すること。■ Creating a refractive index distribution within a short time.
■ 任意の屈折率分布が得られること。■ Any desired refractive index distribution can be obtained.
■ 細い円柱体が作れること。■ A thin cylindrical body can be made.
問題点を解決するだめの手段
そのために本発明は、モノマー状態における密度とポリ
マー状態における屈折率が異なる複数のモノマーの混合
した液体を、作られるべきレンズの光軸を中心に回転す
る容器中に収容し、回転を加えながら重合することを特
徴とするものである。Means for Solving the Problems Therefore, the present invention provides a solution in which a liquid mixture of a plurality of monomers having different densities in the monomer state and different refractive indexes in the polymer state is placed in a container that rotates around the optical axis of the lens to be made. It is characterized by polymerization while being accommodated and rotated.
作 用
上記方法によれば、容器の混合液は容器の回転に伴なっ
て回転し、半径方向に重力場を受ける。Operation According to the above method, the liquid mixture in the container rotates as the container rotates and is subjected to a gravitational field in the radial direction.
その時に密度の高い成分は外周側になる程濃度が増し、
逆に密度の低い成分は中心に近い程濃度が高くなる。そ
の程度は、重力場の大きさと時間によるので所定の濃度
勾配で、熱や光などの適当な手段により重合すれば、混
合液の成分が分布した重合体が得られ、これはと９も直
さず屈折率が分布した重合体が得られることである。At that time, the concentration of high-density components increases toward the outer periphery,
Conversely, the concentration of components with lower density increases as they are closer to the center. The extent of this depends on the size of the gravitational field and the time, so if polymerization is carried out using appropriate means such as heat or light with a predetermined concentration gradient, a polymer in which the components of the mixed solution are distributed can be obtained, which can be easily First, a polymer with a distributed refractive index can be obtained.
実施例 以下本発明の一実施例を第１図に基いて説明する。Example An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
第１図において、透明な回転容器１には軸２とプーリ３
が設けられ、モータ４のプーリ５とベルト６で結ばれて
いる。回転容器１には混合液７が満たされておシ、混合
液７が漏れないようフタ８が設けられている。フタには
リーグ管９が中心に取シ付けられている。混合液子は例
えばメタクリル酸イソブチル（密度０．８８２ ｆ ／
−、ポリマーの屈折率１．４８０）とメタクリル酸ト
リフルオロエチル（密度１．１８０ ｔ、ｋｒ！、ポリ
マーの屈折率１．４２１ ）の混合されたものである。In FIG. 1, a transparent rotating container 1 includes a shaft 2 and a pulley 3.
is connected to the pulley 5 of the motor 4 by a belt 6. The rotating container 1 is filled with a liquid mixture 7 and is provided with a lid 8 to prevent the liquid mixture 7 from leaking. A league pipe 9 is attached to the center of the lid. The liquid mixture is, for example, isobutyl methacrylate (density 0.882 f/
-, polymer refractive index 1.480) and trifluoroethyl methacrylate (density 1.180 t, kr!, polymer refractive index 1.421).
１０は近赤外線ランプ、１１は反射鏡で近赤外線ランプ
１ｏの光を効率的に回転容器１に照射するものである。10 is a near-infrared lamp, and 11 is a reflecting mirror that efficiently irradiates the rotating container 1 with light from the near-infrared lamp 1o.
上記構成において回転容器１を回転するとメタクリル酸
イソブチルが中心に集まり、メタクリｌし酸トリフルオ
ロエチルが外側に集まる傾向にある。When the rotary container 1 is rotated in the above configuration, isobutyl methacrylate tends to gather in the center, and trifluoroethyl methacrylate tends to gather on the outside.
所定時間後に、濃度勾配が保てる条件まで回転数を低下
してランプ１ｏを照射すると回転容器１内のモノマー（
メタクリル酸イソグチルとメタクリル酸トリフルオロエ
チ／Ｉ／）は重合硬化するが、この時、ランプ１０のエ
ネルギーによシモノマー全体が昇温膨張しリーク管ｅ側
に上昇するがやがて重合反応に伴ない収縮する。全体と
しては収縮が大きいので、回転後、濃度分布が定まシ、
低速回転に切シ換えたところで、メタクリル酸トリフル
オロエチル液をリーク管に注いでおくと中心に巣のない
円柱体が形成できる。After a predetermined period of time, the rotation speed is lowered to a condition where the concentration gradient can be maintained and the lamp 1o is irradiated, causing the monomer (
Isobutyl methacrylate and trifluoroethyl methacrylate (I/) are polymerized and cured, but at this time, the entire cymonomer expands in temperature due to the energy of the lamp 10 and rises to the leak pipe e side, but eventually contracts as a result of the polymerization reaction. do. Overall, the contraction is large, so the concentration distribution is fixed after rotation.
After switching to low speed rotation, if trifluoroethyl methacrylate solution is poured into the leak pipe, a cylindrical body with no cavities in the center can be formed.
こうしてできた重合体は外側にポリメタクリル酸トリフ
ルオロエチルが多く、中心に近ずくに従ってポリメタク
リル酸イソブチルが多いので屈折率が軸対称に分布した
円柱体が得られレンズの作用をする。The polymer thus produced has a large amount of polytrifluoroethyl methacrylate on the outside, and a large amount of polyisobutyl methacrylate as it approaches the center, resulting in a cylindrical body with an axially symmetrical distribution of refractive index, which acts as a lens.
発明の効果
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明にされば、
（１）２つ以上の性質の異なる七ツマ−を重力場で濃度
勾配を大きく取れるので、浸透法に比べ屈折率の差を大
きくすることができる。Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Since a large concentration gradient can be obtained in a gravitational field for two or more different properties, the difference in refractive index can be reduced compared to the permeation method. can be made larger.
（２）短かい時間で濃度分布を形成できるので生産性が
高い。(2) Productivity is high because concentration distribution can be formed in a short time.
等、大なる効果を発揮する。etc., have great effects.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す断面図、第２図は従来
例の概念図である。
１・・・・・・回転容器、７・・・・・・混合液、１ｏ
・・・・・・近赤外線ランプ。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか１名第１
図 １−回転容器
第２図FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional example. 1... Rotating container, 7... Mixed liquid, 1o
...Near infrared lamp. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 1 - Rotating container Figure 2
Claims (1)
折率の異なる複数のモノマーを混合した液体を、作られ
るべきレンズの光軸を中心に回転する容器中に収容し、
回転を加えながら重合することを特徴とする屈折率分布
型プラスチックレンズの製造方法。A liquid containing a mixture of a plurality of monomers having different densities in a monomer state and different refractive indexes in a polymer state is stored in a container that rotates around the optical axis of the lens to be made,
A method for producing a gradient index plastic lens characterized by polymerization while applying rotation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62309909A JPH01163202A (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Production of plastic lens of pefractive index distribution type |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62309909A JPH01163202A (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Production of plastic lens of pefractive index distribution type |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01163202A true JPH01163202A (en) | 1989-06-27 |
Family
ID=17998795
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62309909A Pending JPH01163202A (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Production of plastic lens of pefractive index distribution type |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01163202A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011016272A (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Menicon Co Ltd | Plastic lens and method for producing the same |
-
1987
- 1987-12-08 JP JP62309909A patent/JPH01163202A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011016272A (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Menicon Co Ltd | Plastic lens and method for producing the same |
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