JPH0115711Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a floating composite shock absorber, and more specifically, to absorb the impact energy when a floating object such as a ship or driftwood collides with an underwater structure such as a bridge pier. This invention relates to the improvement of a floating composite shock absorber that prevents damage to ships and protects underwater structures.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this type of shock absorber was developed by, for example,
As shown in Publication No. 55-26310 and Figures 1 and 2, a pneumatic fender a is connected around an underwater structure b by connecting devices such as chains or shackle c and vertical mooring cables d.
A floating connected system is used that can follow tidal level fluctuations.

The pneumatic fender a is covered with a net e formed of a chain attached to tires, rubber sleeves, etc., wire rope, etc. in order to protect its outer surface and transmit the tension exerted by external forces such as tidal currents and waves. A weight chain f is attached to the mouthpieces on both end faces, and the weight of the weight chain f and the sealing of water to a portion of the interior of the pneumatic fender a prevent ship collisions. The stuttering of the shock absorber is adjusted so that it can perform its specified function at certain times.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, the conventional floating shock absorber having the structure described above has the following drawbacks.

That is, (1) If a ship collides with the above-mentioned shock absorber, as mentioned above, the fender a
Due to the fact that water is sealed inside the structure, the cushioning performance is lower than that without water sealing, and the cushioning performance of pneumatic fenders placed in curved parts of underwater structures is also lower than in straight parts. Inferior compared to those placed in .

(2) Furthermore, the energy absorbed by pneumatic fenders is currently difficult to cope with collisions of large ships with large collision energy.

(3) Next, in the event of a non-collision, the pneumatic fender is shaken by external forces such as waves and currents, and the connecting devices c such as chains and shackles are worn out and deformed.
The weight chain f falls off due to the shaft falling off, and the pneumatic fender is tilted accordingly, and the main rubber parts of the pneumatic fender mouthpiece, vertical mooring cable d, and pneumatic fender a are worn out and dented, causing buffering. There is a risk of loss of performance and sinking.

(4) Furthermore, it is extremely difficult to repair or convert damaged pneumatic fenders or replace couplings in locations where the pneumatic fenders are swaying due to the constant action of tidal currents, waves, etc. There is a risk of loss of life.

(5) Furthermore, since a large number of pneumatic fenders are floatingly connected, large tensions are applied to the connections due to external forces such as tidal currents, but this tension is transmitted in the circumferential direction and follows tidal level fluctuations. In order to prevent damage to the main body due to abrasion with the walls of underwater structures when sliding, attached nets such as tires and rubber sleeves are used, but in water areas where aesthetics are important, such as national parks, appearance There is a problem.

[Purpose of invention]

This invention was devised by focusing on such conventional problems, and is capable of protecting ships and underwater structures from collisions between different types of ships, from small ships to large ships. ,Moreover, the trend,
The object of the present invention is to provide an excellent floating composite shock absorber that is robust and easy to maintain, in which each shock absorber does not sway individually even when external forces such as waves act on it. .

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this invention has a mounting step at the top around the underwater structure, and a main body block made of a plastically deformable material or a combination of a plastically deformable material and a brittle fracture material can be slid. An elastic cushioning material made of a rubber-like elastic material with buoyancy is placed near the water intrusion side of the mounting step of the main body block, and is removably attached via a fitting. The main points are as follows.

[Operation of the device] This device is constructed as described above, and when a small ship collides, the impact energy is absorbed only by the elastic cushioning material, and when a large ship collides, the elastic cushioning material and the main body block absorb the collision energy. As a result, collision energy can be absorbed. In addition, the elastic cushioning material alone can be used repeatedly for small ships that frequently collide, and both the elastic cushioning material and the main body block deform simultaneously in response to collisions with large ships. With this structure, the width of the protrusion from the underwater structure can be reduced.

[Example of idea]

Embodiments of this invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

Figures 3 to 6 show a floating composite shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a plan view showing the floating composite shock absorber installed around a bridge pier, that is, an underwater structure. Fig. 4 is an explanatory front view of the same as above, Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a floating composite shock absorber according to another embodiment. It is an explanatory diagram.

In the figure, E denotes a floating shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a main body block 10 slidably arranged around the underwater structure G, and a floating shock absorber located near the stifling water on the ship entry side 10A of this main body block 10. The main body block 1 is composed of an elastic cushioning material 20 detachably attached to the main body block 1.
0 is made of a plastically deformable material or a combination of a plastically deformable material and a brittle fracture material, and the elastic buffer material 20 is made of a rubber-like elastic body imparted with buoyancy.

To further explain this structure, the main body block 10 is made of a plastically deformable material or a combination of a plastically deformable material and a brittle fracture material as described above, and when a ship collides, the plastic deformation material undergoes plastic deformation and/or brittle fracture material. Collision energy is absorbed by utilizing the brittle fracture of the elastic buffer material 2.
0 is compressed by a predetermined amount.
It has been given sufficient strength to withstand the reaction force of. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, this main body block 10 has a mounting step portion 10a with an inverted L-shaped cross section formed on the upper part, on which the elastic cushioning material 20 is placed. 10 is divided into two pieces and fitted around the underwater structure G in this embodiment, and then integrated and attached to the wall surface of the main body block 10 on the side of the underwater structure G so as to follow tidal level fluctuations. It is installed via a fixed sliding member 30.

Further, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned main body block 10 is divided into two parts, a right main body block structure 10R and a left main body block structure 10L, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. When attaching to an underwater structure G such as a bridge pier, after abutting this main body block structure 10R and the left main body block structure 10L so as to surround the periphery of the underwater structure G as shown in the figure, this abutting portion is are integrated by welding or bolting.

In this embodiment, the main body block 10 is constructed by being divided into two parts as described above, but this may vary depending on the size and external shape of the underwater structure G, etc.
Of course, it may be further divided into multiple parts in order to facilitate transportation and installation work, or it may be installed as an integrated product without being divided.

Further, in this embodiment, the sliding member 30 is made of a rubber-like elastic body, a synthetic resin, etc.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, they are arranged vertically at intervals on the mounting surface side of the main body block 10, and are This structure facilitates vertical movement of the floating composite shock absorber E due to fluctuations in water, currents, waves, etc., and prevents damage to the main body block 10 and the underwater structure G.

Note that the sliding member 30 may be fixed to the wall surface of the underwater structure G or may be suspended.

In this embodiment, the elastic cushioning material 20 is a so-called pneumatic fender in which air is sealed inside, and after being placed on the mounting step 10a formed at the upper part of the main body block 10, the chain, A plurality of pieces can be attached and detached by means of a fitting 40 such as a shackle or a turnbuckle, but they are fixedly attached.

Among the fixtures 40, the fixture 41 functions together with the fixtures 42 and 43 to prevent waves during non-collision.
It has enough strength to fix the elastic buffer material 20 to the side wall of the mounting step 10a of the main body block 10 when an external force such as a tidal current is applied, and the elastic buffer material 20 is compressed and reaches a certain displacement at the time of a collision. It is set to have such strength that it will be cut.

If the weight of the main body block 10 is small, this can be dealt with by providing a ballast on the main body block 10 or sealing a part of the interior of the elastic cushioning material 20, that is, the pneumatic fender, with water. In the case of water sealing, the amount of water sealed can be smaller than when only pneumatic fenders are floatingly connected, so the absorbed energy is greater than when only pneumatic fenders are used.

When a ship collides with the shock absorber E of this embodiment,
In the case of a collision with a small boat that has a high frequency of collisions and has a low hull strength, the elastic cushioning material 20 absorbs the collision energy, and at this time the main body block 10
has enough strength to withstand the reaction force of the elastic cushioning material 20, so it will not deform. Even if the fitting 41 is cut off due to a collision, the elastic cushioning material 20 can be supported by the fittings 42 and 43, so it will not be washed away, and only the cut fitting 41 needs to be replaced after the collision. We can respond promptly.

Furthermore, in the event of a collision with a corner portion of the underwater structure G having a curvature, since the vertical contact surface of the main body block 10 with the elastic buffer material 20 is configured as a flat surface, the elastic buffer material 20 will directly contact the curved surface and the hull. It is possible to increase the absorbed energy compared to the case where it is compressed between .

Furthermore, when a large ship that has a low collision frequency and has a high water intake and hull strength collides, the elastic cushioning material 20 and the portion of the main body block 10 below it deform simultaneously to absorb the collision energy.
If the collision energy cannot be absorbed completely at this stage, the main body block 10x behind the elastic cushioning material 20
The area is crushed and the collision energy is absorbed.
Further, by providing the elastic cushioning material 20 on the upper part of the main body block 10 in this way, the main body block 10
The protrusion width of the shock absorber from the underwater structure can be made smaller than when the elastic shock absorber 20 is attached so as to protrude from the front surface of the main body block 10. The top of the can be used as a scaffold, making it easy to work.

Furthermore, since the main body block 10 is integrated, energy absorption due to the fluid resistance of water on the back surface can be expected.

Next, in the event of a non-collision, the elastic cushioning materials 20 are removably but fixedly attached to the main body block 10, which is formed integrally around the underwater structure G, independently of each other. Since the main body block 10 is configured to resist external forces such as tidal currents and waves, the force acting on the fixture 40 is reduced, which reduces wear on the fixture 40 and allows the fixture 40 to be made smaller. The elastic cushioning material 20 will not come into contact with the fixture 40 and be damaged. In addition, due to the hydrodynamic resistance of the water retarding section on the back surface of the integrated main body block 10, the main body block 1
The impact force acting on 0 is alleviated.

In addition, the elastic cushioning material 20 does not need to transmit a large tension acting in the circumferential direction of the underwater structure G unlike in the case where a plurality of elastic cushioning materials are directly connected in a floating manner. Since there is no need to provide attached nets, there are no aesthetic problems.

Next, FIG. 6 shows another means for attaching the elastic cushioning material 20 to the main body block 10, in which the mounting tool 44 is attached to the outer surface of the elastic cushioning material 20 in advance using a conveyor belt, a steel plate, a stainless steel plate, FRP, etc. An appropriate combination of materials molded according to the shape is used, and the buoyancy of the elastic cushioning material 20 is transmitted to the main body block 10 in conjunction with a fitting 43 made of a chain, wire rope, etc. The design is designed to withstand external forces in non-collision situations and to provide a predetermined amount of water in the event of a collision. Even if the attachment 44 is damaged in a collision, the elastic cushioning material 20 will not be washed away because it is connected to the main body block 10 by the attachment 43.

In addition to pneumatic fenders, the elastic cushioning material 20 may be a solid fender material such as bolts or the like, which is constructed so that the main body block 10 has buoyancy and is formed mainly of a rubber-like elastic body on the upper part of the main body block. It can be used by being removably fixed using the attachment means.

[Effect of idea]

As mentioned above, this invention has a main body block slidably arranged around the underwater structure, which has a mounting step at the top and is made of a plastically deformable material or a combination of a plastically deformable material and a brittle fracture material. However, an elastic cushioning material made of a rubber-like elastic body with buoyancy was placed near the water intrusion side of the mounting step of this main body block, and it was removably attached via a mounting tool, so the following It has such excellent effects.

(a) If a small ship collides, the impact energy can be absorbed only by the elastic cushioning material, and if a large ship collides, the collision energy can be absorbed by the double cushioning structure of the elastic cushioning material and the main body block. can.

(b) In addition, the elastic cushioning material alone can be used repeatedly for small ships that collide frequently, and both the elastic cushioning material and the main body block deform simultaneously in the event of a collision with a large ship. Since the structure is configured to correspond to the underwater structure, the width of the protrusion from the underwater structure can be reduced.

(c) Furthermore, since the elastic cushioning material is independently attached to the main body block, the main body block can withstand external forces such as waves and currents during non-collision. It is economical because it can be made small.

(d) If the elastic cushioning material is damaged due to a collision, only the damaged material on the main body block can be easily replaced and preparations can be made promptly for the next collision.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 show a conventional floating shock absorber; Figure 1 is an explanatory plan view showing the state in which it is installed around a bridge pier, that is, an underwater structure; and Figure 2 is an explanatory front view of the same. , Figures 3 to 6 show a floating composite shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 shows the floating composite shock absorber installed around a bridge pier, that is, an underwater structure. FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of the same as above, FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional explanatory diagram. 10...Main block, 10A...Ship entry side of main block, 10a...Mounting step, 20...
...Elastic buffer, G...Underwater structure.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A main body block is slidably arranged around the underwater structure, and has a mounting step on the upper part and is made of a plastically deformable material or a combination of a plastically deformable material and a brittle fracture material. A floating composite shock absorber characterized in that an elastic shock absorber made of a rubber-like elastic body imparted with buoyancy is placed near the swamp on the intrusion side of a ship, and is detachably attached via a fitting. .