JPH0114775B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0114775B2
JPH0114775B2 JP58121037A JP12103783A JPH0114775B2 JP H0114775 B2 JPH0114775 B2 JP H0114775B2 JP 58121037 A JP58121037 A JP 58121037A JP 12103783 A JP12103783 A JP 12103783A JP H0114775 B2 JPH0114775 B2 JP H0114775B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cooking
carbide
nitride
base material
boride
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP58121037A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6014831A (en
Inventor
Takeshi Yasui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP12103783A priority Critical patent/JPS6014831A/en
Publication of JPS6014831A publication Critical patent/JPS6014831A/en
Publication of JPH0114775B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0114775B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は加熱調理に用いる調理具に関し、更に
詳しくは、外傷がつきにくく、こげつきがなく、
耐食性にも優れた調理面を有する調理具に関す
る。 〔発明の技術的背景とその問題点〕 ホツトプレートやフライパンなど加熱調理に用
いる調理具には、一般にステンレス鋼や銅、アル
ミニウムなどの金属又は合金材料がそのまま用い
られている。 ところで、加熱調理に用いる調理具において
は、それが可燃性であつてはならないことは当然
のこととして、その調理面で調理材料がこげつか
ないこと、食用油や各種調味料を用いるので調理
面がそれらに対する耐食性に優れること、また、
調理材料をフライがえしなどによりかき混ぜたと
き調理面に外傷がつかないこと、などの要件を必
要とする。 このようなことから、現在では、金属材料の基
材の調理面にテフロンを焼付け加工した調理具が
広く出まわつている。 この調理具は、テフロンの効果によつて、こげ
つき防止、耐食性の確保という点ではたしかに有
用である。しかしながら、テフロンはその分解温
度が310〜320℃と比較的低く、しかも軟質である
ため外傷がつき易すいという欠点を有している。 そのため、テフロンの欠点を補完し上記した要
件を満足する調理面を有する調理具の開発が強く
望まれている。 〔発明の目的〕 本発明は、従来の調理具が有していた欠点を解
消し、調理にとつて極めて有用な調理面を有する
調理具の提供を目的とする。 〔発明の概要〕 セラミツクスのコーテイング層は一般にその硬
度が高いという事実に本発明者は着目し、各種の
セラミツクスコーテイング層に関し、そのこげつ
き防止能、耐食性をも検討することによつて本発
明の調理具を開発するに到つた。 すなわち、本発明の調理具は、基材が金属材料
から成つていて、該基材の調理面が周期律表a
族、a族、a族に属するいずれかの元素の窒
化物、炭化物、ホウ化物のいずれかの層;ケイ
素、ホウ素の窒化物、炭化物のいずれかの層;又
はそれらの複合層のいずれかによつて、2〜5μ
mの厚さに被覆されていることを特徴とする。 本発明の調理具の基材は、その表面に後述する
窒化物、炭化物、ホウ化物又はそれらの複合層を
コーテイングできる金属材料であれば何であつて
もよい。具体的には、鉄若しくはステンレスな
どの鉄合金;ニツケル若しくはモネルなどのニ
ツケル合金;銅若しくは黄銅、キユブロニツケ
ルなどの銅合金と;又は、アルミニウム若しく
はAl−Mg系、Al−Si系、Al−Mn系などのアル
ミニウム合金; 〜の組み合せによるクラ
ツド材が好ましい。 本発明の調理具の製造に当つては、まず、これ
ら上記の材料で予め調理具の外形を機械加工して
おき、その調理面に以下のようにしてセラミツク
スコーテイングを施す。 用いるセラミツクスとしては、周期律表a
族、a族若しくはa族に属するいずれかの元
素の窒化物、炭化物又はホウ化物のいずれか又は
Si若しくはBの炭化物、窒化物である。 窒化物としては、例えば窒化チタン(TiN)、
窒化ジルコニウム(ZrN)、窒化ハフニウム
(HfN)、窒化バナジウム(VN)、窒化ニオブ
(NbN)、窒化タンタル(TaN)、窒化クロム
(CrN、Cr2N)、窒化モリブデン(Mo2N、
MoN)、窒化タングステン(W2N、WN2
W2N3)、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)、窒化ホウ素
(BN)があげられ;炭化物としては、炭化チタ
ン(TiC)、炭化ジルコニウム(ZrC)、炭化ハフ
ニウム(HfC)、炭化バナジウム(VC)、炭化ニ
オブ(NbC)、炭化タンタル(TaC)、炭化クロ
ム(Cr3C2、Cr7C3、Cr23C6)、炭化モリブデン
(Mo2C、MoC)、炭化タングステン(W2C、
WC)、炭化ケイ素(SiC)、炭化ホウ素(B4C)
があげられ;ホウ化物としては、ホウ化チタン
(TiB2)、ホウ化ジルコニウム(ZrB2)、ホウ化ハ
フニウム(HfB2)、ホウ化バナジウム(VB2)ホ
ウ化ニオブ(NbB、Nb3B4、NbB2)、ホウ化タ
ンタル(Ta2B、TaB、Ta3B4)、ホウ化クロム
(Cr3B2、CrB)、ホウ化モリブデン(Mo2B、
MoB、Mo2B5)、ホウ化タングステン(W2B、
WB、W2B5)があげられる。これらセラミツク
スのうち、被覆層が比較的容易に形成できる。入
手し易すいなどの点からして、窒化物は好まし
い。とくにTiNは好ましい。 これらコーテイング層の形成は、薄膜形成法と
して常用されている、物理的蒸着法(PVD法)、
化学的蒸着法(CVD法)、物理化学的蒸着法
(PCVD法)のいずれかの方法を適用して行なわ
れる。すなわち、窒化物のコーテイング層を例に
とつた場合、PVD法は基材を陰極とし、N2又は
N2+H2の低圧(0.01Torr)(400℃〜600℃位)
雰囲気中で被覆すべき金属を蒸気にしてこれを電
気的に被覆する方法である。また、CVD法は、
加熱炉中(1000℃位)で常圧(大気圧)のN2
はN2+H2に被覆すべき金属元素のハロゲン化物
の蒸気の混合ガスを熱化学的反応で被覆する方法
である。PCVD法はCVD法とPVD法の中間的手
法で原料ガスはCVDと同様であり、被覆処理は
電気的(放電)に行なうもので、一般に数Torr
の低圧、400〜600℃の温度の雰囲気中で行なうと
いう方法である。とくに、CVD法は処理温度が
高く基材が完全に軟化してしまうのであまり好ま
しくない。PCVD法は、耐摩耗性に優れ緻密構造
のコーテイング層が得られること、コーテイング
層と基材との密着性が良好であること成膜操作も
比較的簡単であること、などの点からして好まし
い方法である。 しかしながら、基材の表面がアルミニウム若し
くはアルミニウム合金、Cu若しくはCu合金で構
成されている場合、又は、クラツドのときにそれ
ら金属若しくは合金が表面に形成されている場
合、これらにPCVD法を適用すると、その気相反
応の結果腐食性のガス(例えば塩酸ガス)が発生
してこれが基材を腐食し真黒にして美感を損ね商
品価値を落すので避けるべきである。また、の
クラツド材の場合、の場合と同様の理由で銅若
しくは銅合金の側にPCVD法を適用することは避
けるべきである。 セラミツクス層の厚みは2〜5μmとし、厚す
ぎると調理時に基材との間に生ずる熱応力によつ
て剥離現象が起きやすくなる。 〔発明の実施例〕 ステンレス鋼のフライパンとテフロン加工を施
したフライパンを2種類用意した。ステンレス鋼
のフライパンの調理面に表に示した条件でPCVD
法を適用して各種のセラミツクスをコーテイング
した。コーテイング層の厚みは約2μmであつた。 ついで、以下のような方法により、2個のフラ
イパンの調理面の各性能を評価した。 こげつき防止について:フライパンを火にかけ、
その調理面に、鶏卵1個と大さじ3杯の砂糖を
よくかきまぜたものを流し込んで卵焼きをつく
り、そのときのこげつきの程度を肉眼観察し
た。◎:優、〇:良、×:不良の3段階で評価
した。 外傷について:フライパンを火にかけ、その調理
面をフライパンがえしで意図的に複数回引騒い
て、そのときの擦過傷の有無を肉眼観察した。 耐食性について:3%食塩水(海水と同程度)中
にフライパンの半分を浸漬し、その境界面の腐
食程度を肉眼観察した。〇:良、×:不良の2
段階で評価した。 以下の結果を一括して表に示した。
[Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to cooking utensils used for heating cooking, and more specifically, cooking utensils that are resistant to external damage, non-stick,
The present invention relates to a cooking utensil having a cooking surface with excellent corrosion resistance. [Technical background of the invention and its problems] Cooking utensils used for heating cooking, such as hot plates and frying pans, generally use metals or alloy materials such as stainless steel, copper, and aluminum as they are. By the way, it goes without saying that cooking utensils used for heated cooking must not be flammable, and that cooking materials should not burn on the cooking surface. has excellent corrosion resistance against them, and
Requirements such as preventing damage to the cooking surface when stirring cooking ingredients by frying, etc. are required. For this reason, cooking utensils in which Teflon is baked onto the cooking surface of a metal base material are now widely available. This cooking utensil is certainly useful in terms of preventing sticking and ensuring corrosion resistance due to the effects of Teflon. However, Teflon has the disadvantage that its decomposition temperature is relatively low at 310 to 320° C., and it is soft and easily damaged. Therefore, there is a strong desire to develop a cooking utensil that has a cooking surface that compensates for the shortcomings of Teflon and satisfies the above requirements. [Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a cooking utensil that eliminates the drawbacks of conventional cooking utensils and has a cooking surface that is extremely useful for cooking. [Summary of the Invention] The present inventor has focused on the fact that ceramic coating layers generally have high hardness, and has developed the cooking method of the present invention by examining the anti-sticking ability and corrosion resistance of various ceramic coating layers. We have now developed a tool. That is, in the cooking utensil of the present invention, the base material is made of a metal material, and the cooking surface of the base material is a
Any layer of nitride, carbide, or boride of any element belonging to group A, group a, or group a; any layer of nitride or carbide of silicon or boron; or any composite layer thereof. Therefore, 2 to 5μ
It is characterized by being coated with a thickness of m. The base material of the cooking utensil of the present invention may be any metal material as long as its surface can be coated with a nitride, carbide, boride, or a composite layer thereof, which will be described later. Specifically, iron or iron alloys such as stainless steel; nickel alloys such as nickel or monel; copper or copper alloys such as brass and Kyubron nickel; or aluminum or Al-Mg, Al-Si, and Al-Mn systems. Aluminum alloys such as; Preferred are clad materials made of a combination of. In manufacturing the cooking utensil of the present invention, the outer shape of the cooking utensil is first machined using the above-mentioned materials, and then ceramic coating is applied to the cooking surface in the following manner. The ceramics to be used include periodic table a
Any of the nitrides, carbides, or borides of any element belonging to Group A or Group A, or
These are carbides and nitrides of Si or B. Examples of nitrides include titanium nitride (TiN),
Zirconium nitride (ZrN), hafnium nitride (HfN), vanadium nitride (VN), niobium nitride (NbN), tantalum nitride (TaN), chromium nitride (CrN, Cr2N ), molybdenum nitride ( Mo2N ,
MoN), tungsten nitride ( W2N , WN2 ,
Examples of carbides include titanium carbide ( TiC ), zirconium carbide (ZrC) , hafnium carbide (HfC) , and vanadium carbide ( VC). ), niobium carbide (NbC), tantalum carbide (TaC), chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 , Cr 7 C 3 , Cr 23 C 6 ), molybdenum carbide (Mo 2 C, MoC), tungsten carbide (W 2 C,
WC), silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B 4 C)
Examples of borides include titanium boride (TiB 2 ), zirconium boride (ZrB 2 ), hafnium boride (HfB 2 ), vanadium boride (VB 2 ), niobium boride (NbB, Nb 3 B 4 , NbB 2 ), tantalum boride (Ta 2 B, TaB, Ta 3 B 4 ), chromium boride (Cr 3 B 2 , CrB), molybdenum boride (Mo 2 B,
MoB, Mo2B5 ), tungsten boride ( W2B ,
WB, W 2 B 5 ). Of these ceramics, a coating layer can be formed relatively easily. Nitrides are preferred from the viewpoint of easy availability. TiN is particularly preferred. These coating layers can be formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD), which is commonly used as a thin film formation method.
This is done by applying either a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) or a physicochemical vapor deposition method (PCVD method). In other words, taking a nitride coating layer as an example, the PVD method uses the base material as a cathode and uses N2 or
Low pressure of N 2 + H 2 (0.01Torr) (400℃~600℃)
This is a method of electrically coating the metal to be coated by turning it into vapor in an atmosphere. In addition, the CVD method
This is a method in which a mixed gas of a vapor of a halide of a metal element to be coated is coated with N 2 or N 2 + H 2 at normal pressure (atmospheric pressure) in a heating furnace (approximately 1000°C) through a thermochemical reaction. The PCVD method is an intermediate method between the CVD method and the PVD method.The raw material gas is the same as that of CVD, and the coating process is performed electrically (discharge), and is generally several Torr.
This method is carried out in an atmosphere at a low pressure of 400 to 600°C. In particular, the CVD method is not very preferable because the processing temperature is high and the base material is completely softened. The PCVD method has advantages such as being able to obtain a coating layer with excellent wear resistance and a dense structure, good adhesion between the coating layer and the base material, and relatively simple film-forming operations. This is the preferred method. However, when the surface of the base material is composed of aluminum or aluminum alloy, Cu or Cu alloy, or when these metals or alloys are formed on the surface when cladding, applying the PCVD method to these As a result of the gas phase reaction, a corrosive gas (for example, hydrochloric acid gas) is generated, which corrodes the base material and turns it black, impairing its aesthetic appearance and lowering its commercial value, so it should be avoided. In addition, in the case of clad materials, it is necessary to avoid applying the PCVD method to the copper or copper alloy side for the same reason as in the case of . The thickness of the ceramic layer is 2 to 5 μm; if it is too thick, peeling may easily occur due to thermal stress generated between the ceramic layer and the base material during cooking. [Embodiment of the Invention] Two types of frying pans, one made of stainless steel and the other treated with Teflon, were prepared. PCVD on the cooking surface of a stainless steel frying pan under the conditions shown in the table.
The method was applied to coat various ceramics. The thickness of the coating layer was approximately 2 μm. Next, the performance of the cooking surfaces of the two frying pans was evaluated using the following methods. To prevent sticking: Heat the frying pan,
A well-stirred mixture of one chicken egg and three tablespoons of sugar was poured onto the cooking surface to make fried eggs, and the degree of burntness was observed with the naked eye. Evaluation was made in three stages: ◎: excellent, ◯: good, and ×: poor. Regarding external injuries: A frying pan was set on fire, and the cooking surface of the frying pan was intentionally agitated several times with a spatula, and the presence or absence of any abrasions at that time was observed with the naked eye. Regarding corrosion resistance: Half of the frying pan was immersed in 3% saline (same level as seawater), and the degree of corrosion at the interface was visually observed. 〇: Good, ×: Bad 2
Evaluated in stages. The following results are collectively shown in the table.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上の結果から明らかなように、本発明の調理
具は、調理面でこげつきもなく、外傷もつかず、
耐食性も優れていて、その工業的価値は極めて大
である。
As is clear from the above results, the cooking utensil of the present invention does not cause burning or damage on the cooking surface.
It also has excellent corrosion resistance, and its industrial value is extremely large.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 基材が金属材料から成つていて、該基材の調
理面が周期律表a族、a族、a族に属する
いずれかの元素の窒化物、炭化物、ホウ化物のい
ずれかの層;ケイ素、ホウ素の窒化物、炭化物の
いずれかの層;又はそれらの複合層のいずれかに
よつて、2〜5μmの厚さに被覆されていること
を特徴とする調理具。 2 該基材金属が、鉄若しくは鉄合金、ニツケル
若しくはニツケル合金、アルミニウム若しくはア
ルミニウム合金、銅若しくは銅合金、又は、前記
いずれかの金属若しくは合金の組み合せによるク
ラツド材のいずれかである特許請求の範囲第1項
記載の調理具。
[Scope of Claims] 1. The base material is made of a metal material, and the cooking surface of the base material is made of a nitride, carbide, or boride of any element belonging to group a, group a, or group a of the periodic table. a layer of silicon, boron nitride, or carbide; or a composite layer thereof to a thickness of 2 to 5 μm. . 2 Claims in which the base metal is iron or an iron alloy, nickel or a nickel alloy, aluminum or an aluminum alloy, copper or a copper alloy, or a clad material made of a combination of any of the above metals or alloys. The cooking utensil described in item 1.
JP12103783A 1983-07-05 1983-07-05 Cooking utensil Granted JPS6014831A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12103783A JPS6014831A (en) 1983-07-05 1983-07-05 Cooking utensil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12103783A JPS6014831A (en) 1983-07-05 1983-07-05 Cooking utensil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6014831A JPS6014831A (en) 1985-01-25
JPH0114775B2 true JPH0114775B2 (en) 1989-03-14

Family

ID=14801251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12103783A Granted JPS6014831A (en) 1983-07-05 1983-07-05 Cooking utensil

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6014831A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009526586A (en) * 2006-02-13 2009-07-23 セブ ソシエテ アノニム Easy-to-clean cooking surface

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61154830U (en) * 1985-03-18 1986-09-25
JPS62102721A (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-05-13 株式会社東芝 Hot plate
JPS6343334A (en) * 1986-08-08 1988-02-24 Nec Corp Method of mounting semiconductor element
JPH0191727A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-11 Marine Benchiyaa Kk Artificial fish
WO1992000032A1 (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-09 Niigata Engineering Co., Ltd. Method of forming titanium nitride coating and pan made by this method
JPH0551945U (en) * 1991-12-12 1993-07-09 株式会社新潟鉄工所 Cooking pots
US5443455A (en) * 1993-07-27 1995-08-22 Target Therapeutics, Inc. Guidewire and method of pretreating metal surfaces for subsequent polymer coating
US7093340B2 (en) * 1997-12-16 2006-08-22 All-Clad Metalcrafters Llc Stick resistant ceramic coating for cookware
FR2807071B1 (en) * 2000-03-28 2002-11-15 Dja Dodane Jean Et Associes CERAMO-METALLIC ANTI-ADHESIVE COATING FOR CULINARY UTENSILS
US6942935B2 (en) * 2003-03-24 2005-09-13 National Material Ip Foodware with a tarnish-resistant ceramic coating and method of making
FR2998464B1 (en) * 2012-11-26 2015-05-22 Seb Sa COOKING DEVICE HAVING AN EASY-TO-CLEAN COOKING SURFACE WITH SCRATCH RESISTANCE

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4918604A (en) * 1972-06-05 1974-02-19

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4918604A (en) * 1972-06-05 1974-02-19

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009526586A (en) * 2006-02-13 2009-07-23 セブ ソシエテ アノニム Easy-to-clean cooking surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6014831A (en) 1985-01-25

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