JPH01145433A - Wet clutch device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain two-step output torque different in a disconnection condition and a connection condition by constituting a device so as to immerse outside diametric parts of an armature and a driven side clutch plate in oil positioned in the peripheral edge of an oil chamber in a disconnection condition of drive and driven side clutch plates. CONSTITUTION:In a condition of non-conduction to a coil 30, when a pulley 15 is driven rotating by an engine, a cover 20 and a drive side clutch plate 23 integrally rotate with the pulley. Because no current is conducted in the coil 30, an armature 26 is not attracted, but the periphery of the armature 26 and a driven side clutch plate 25 moves to the periphery of an oil chamber 21, being immersed in annular oil O rotating with the pulley 15, consequently by viscous resistance of this rotating oil, a turning effect is given, as the result, a driven shaft 12 rotates through a hob 13. When the coil 30 is electrified, the drive and driven side clutch plates 23, 25 integrally rotate, and the hob 13 and the driven shaft 12 rotate with the clutch plate 25.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a wet-type multi-disc clutch device, and in particular to a wet-type multi-disc clutch device suitable for application to a type of device in which a driving shaft is driven via a pulley. This invention relates to a device that can obtain two-stage output torque.

"Prior art and intervening points" Clutch devices are roughly divided into dry type and wet type. The dry type has the advantage of being compact, but it has problems such as poor durability of the clutch friction part, loud connection noise and shock, and the tendency for foreign matter to get between the clutch plates. On the other hand, in the wet type, the clutch plates are encapsulated in oil, which eliminates the disadvantages of the dry type to some extent. That is, the durability of the clutch friction part is high, the connection noise is low, and the connection is smooth. However, due to its structure, it is difficult to meet the demands for miniaturization.
In particular, the axial dimension becomes large. Furthermore, under severe usage conditions, it is difficult to cool the oil and coil, and a special cooling device is required.

Against this background, the applicant has developed a wet clutch device that can meet the demand for miniaturization while retaining the advantages of a wet clutch, and has filed a patent application (Patent Application Shofi 2-
No. 163177). This wet type clutch device was completed based on the idea of using the pulley that is generally used as the driving shaft as it is as the oil chamber housing of the wet type clutch.
A pulley is provided to be rotatable relative to the hob, and this pulley, a hob side member, and a cover integrated with the pulley,
An oil chamber is formed, and the driving side clutch plate is located within the oil chamber and is supported to be axially movable on the pulley or cover, and the driven side clutch plate is axially movable supported on the driven wheel side member. The clutch plate is characterized by being provided with an electromagnetic means which is releasably provided and which applies an adhesive force to the clutch plates on the driving side and the driven side.

This wet clutch device is compact because the oil chamber is formed inside the rotating pulley and cover, and because the oil constantly rotates, there is little oil deterioration, and because the electromagnetic means can be placed outside the oil chamber, it has good heat dissipation. It has excellent characteristics such as good performance.

Also, according to subsequent research, this wet clutch device
The oil chamber rotates together with the pulley, and the sealed oil also rotates, so if certain conditions are met,
It was found that even in a disconnected state, the driven wheels rotated with low torque due to the viscosity of the oil.

``Object of the Invention'' The present invention provides a wet clutch device proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-163177, in which the driven wheel rotates even in the disconnected state by satisfying specific conditions. Based on this fact, it is an object of the present invention to obtain a wet clutch device that can obtain two-stage output torque that differs between a disconnected state and a connected state.

``Summary of the Invention'' In other words, the present invention provides that the conditions under which the driven wheel can be rotated with low torque even in the disconnected state depend on the amount of oil filled in the oil chamber and the outer diameters of the driven side clutch plate and armature. This invention was completed based on the discovery that the outer diameter portion of the driven side clutch plate and the armature can be immersed in the oil that is annularly located around the periphery of the oil chamber.

That is, in the present invention, a pulley is provided on the outer periphery of a hob that is integrated with the driven shaft so as to be rotatable relative to the hob, and the oil chamber is controlled by this pulley, the hob side member, and the cover integrated with the pulley. A driving side clutch plate is formed and positioned in the oil chamber and supported axially movably on a pulley or cover, a driven side clutch plate is supported axially movably on a hob side member, and this driving side, driven Electromagnetic means includes an armature positioned closer to the cover than the clutch plate on the side and supported movably in the axial direction on the hob side member, and attracts the armature to apply a contact force to the clutch plates on the driving side and the driven side. In the wet clutch device proposed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 163177/1982, the outer diameters of the armature and driven side clutch plates and the amount of oil sealed in the oil chamber are controlled by electromagnetic means on the driving side and driven side. The clutch plate is characterized in that the armature and the outer diameter portion of the driven side clutch plate are immersed in the oil that rotates together with the pulley and is located at the periphery of the oil chamber when the clutch plate is in a disconnected state.

The armature can be provided with fins or grooves on the part of its outer periphery that is immersed in oil, and if such fins or grooves are formed, higher torque can be extracted to the driven shaft in the disconnected state. Can be done.

Of course, the torque that can be extracted in the disconnected state is not large enough to drive high-load equipment, such as a compressor for a car cooler. However, it may be large enough to drive low-load equipment, such as a supercharger for an internal combustion engine. When applied to a supercharger, a new effect is produced in that a numerically used supercharging bypass passage can be eliminated.

"Embodiments of the Invention" The present invention will be described below with reference to illustrated embodiments. 1 and 2 show an embodiment in which a wet clutch device 10 of the present invention is applied to a clutch device for a supercharger 101 of an internal combustion engine. Supercharger (mechanical supercharger) 101
As shown in FIG. 2, the air supply passage 1 of the internal combustion engine 102
03 to supply a large amount of air during acceleration (during high load).
04 and the driven wheel 12 of the supercharger 101,
They are connected by a pulley 105, a belt 106, and a water wet clutch device 10.

In the conventional clutch device, the air supply path 103 is provided with a bypass path 107 that bypasses the supercharger 101, and when the clutch device is off, it is necessary to supply air through this bypass path 107. According to the wet clutch device 10, the supercharger 101 can be driven with low torque even when the clutch device 10 is off, and therefore the bypass passage 107 can be omitted. In addition, in FIG. 2, 108 indicates an air filter.

A driven shaft 12 connected to a blower (not shown) is rotatably supported in the housing 11 of the supercharger 101, and a hob 13 is integrally connected to an end of the driven shaft 12.

On the other hand, a driven shaft 1 is connected to the housing 11 via a bearing 14.
A pulley 15 located on the outer periphery of 2 is rotatably supported. An oil seal 16 is provided between the pulley 15 and the hob 13.

A cover 20 is fixed to the pulley 15 via a fixing screw 18, and an oil chamber 21 is formed by the cover 20, the pulley 15, and the hob 13.

Therefore, the pulley 15 and the cover 20 constitute a driving side rotating member, and the driven shaft 12 and the hob 13 constitute a driven side rotating member. And for this driving side and driven side members,
A clutch plate located within the oil chamber 21 is supported.

That is, a plurality of axial protrusions 22 are formed on the inner periphery of the end on the cover 20 side of the pulley 15, as shown in FIG. The groove 23b is fitted in a spline shape and supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. This driving side clutch plate 23 rotates together with the pulley 15 in the rotational direction. On the other hand, the hob 13 has a sixth
As shown in the figure, a spline (a plurality of axial protrusions) 24 is formed, and a spline groove 25b of the annular driven clutch plate 2 is supported by the spline 24 so as to be movable in the axial direction. This driven side clutch plate 25 rotates together with the hob 13 in the rotational direction.

The driving side clutch plates 23 and the driven side clutch plates 25 are stacked alternately, and an armature 26 having a spline hole 26a fitted in the spline 24 is attached to the outer end thereof.
is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. 27 is a ring that prevents the amateur 26 from being removed.

The pulley 15 has an annular groove 28 that is open on the housing 11 side and matches the circumferential positions of the driving side clutch plate 23, driven side clutch plate 25, and armature 26.
is formed in the annular groove 28, and the housing 1
A coil 30 fixed to 1 via a bracket 29 is located. A magnetic path forming hole 31 is bored in the pulley 15 so that the magnetic flux from the coil 3o reaches the armature 26 via the driving side clutch plate 23 and the driven side clutch plate 25. The magnetic path forming hole 31 is closed by a sealing material 32 made of a non-magnetic material, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the oil chamber 21. The latch plates 23 and 25 also have magnetic path forming holes 23a whose circumferential positions match the magnetic path forming holes 31,
25a is pierced.

The above basic structure was proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-163177.
In addition to the above-mentioned configuration, the present invention has the wet clutch device proposed in the above issue, in which the amount of oil sealed in the oil chamber 21 and the outer diameter of the armature 26 and the driven side clutch plate 25 are adjusted in the disconnected state. The driven shaft 12 is set to rotate at . That is, the oil sealed in the oil chamber 21 whose outer periphery is formed by the pulley 15 is annularly positioned around the periphery of the oil chamber 21 due to centrifugal force. Now, if the inner peripheral level of this annular oil is OL, then the armature 26 and the driven clutch plate 25 are as follows:
When the outer diameter portion of the pulley 15 is immersed in this annular oil 0, and as a result, when the pulley 15 is rotated in a disconnected state in which the coil 30 is not energized, the viscosity of the oil causes the driven shaft to pass through the armature 26 and the driven side clutch plate 25. 12 is set to rotate. The amount of sealed oil is determined by taking into account the balance between both lubricity and connectivity.

The present wet clutch device having the above configuration is used by removing the cover 20, pouring a predetermined amount of oil into the oil chamber 21, and then closing the cover 20. First, when the pulley 15 is rotationally driven by the engine while the coil 30 is not energized, the cover 20 and the driving side clutch plate 23 rotate together with the pulley 15 . Since the coil 30 is not energized, the armature 26 is not attracted;
Since the outer periphery of the driven side clutch plate 25 has moved to the outer periphery of the oil chamber 21 and is immersed in the annular oil O that rotates together with the pulley 21, rotational force is applied due to the viscous resistance of this rotating oil. , as a result, hob 13
The driven shaft 12 rotates via. Therefore, the supercharger 101 can send an amount of air to the internal combustion engine 102 according to the rotational speed of the driven wheels 12 even when the clutch is off. Graph a in FIG. 3 shows an example of the rotational speed of the pulley 15 and driven shaft 12 in this disconnected state.

On the other hand, when the coil 30 is energized, the pulley 15, the coil 30, the driving side clutch plate 23, and the driven side clutch plate 2
5 and the armature 26, a magnetic flux shown by a schematic closed curve A in the figure is generated, and the armature 26 is attracted to the pulley 15 side. Due to this suction force, the driving side clutch plate 23 and the driven side clutch plate 25 come into strong contact and rotate together, and the hob 13 and the driven shaft 12 rotate together with the driven side clutch plate 25. In other words, the pulley 15 and the driven shaft 12 rotate together, and the supercharger 101 sends a large amount of air to the internal combustion engine 102 (graph b in Figure 3).
. Note that line diagram C in Figure 3 shows the unconnected state F! This shows the change in rotational speed when transitioning from state a to connected state zb, and the connection is made more smoothly than when transitioning from a state where driven shaft 12 is stopped to connected state zb.

Rotation speed of driven shaft 12 in disconnected state (output torque)
is determined by the degree of immersion of the armature 26 and the driven side clutch plate 25 into the oil and the viscosity of the oil.
Furthermore, fins or grooves can be provided on the outer peripheral portion of the armature 26 that is immersed in the oil O to increase the output torque. FIG. 4A shows an embodiment in which fins 41 are provided, and FIG. 4B shows an embodiment in which grooves 42 are provided. By providing the fins 41 and fins 42 in this way, it is possible to increase the number of rotations taken out to the driven shaft 12 in the disconnected state as shown in FIG. 3 a°.

The direction and number of fins 41 and grooves 42 can be determined depending on the output torque required in the disconnected state.

Note that if the amount of oil sealed in the oil chamber 21 is sufficient, the clutch plates and oil seals will be sufficiently lubricated, but harmful slippage will occur between the clutch plates, resulting in poor connection and adverse effects. If there is too little, the connection will be made reliably, but the lubrication will be poor and seizure will occur. The outer diameters of the armature 26 and the driven clutch plate 25 are determined according to the amount of oil sealed therein.

In the above embodiments, the pulley 15 is described as the driving side and the driven shaft 12 is used as the driven side, and this usage is common in practice. is available. In the main text and claims, a driving side and a driven side have been distinguished for convenience in order to clarify the structure, but this does not mean that the present invention does not include such a method of use.

In addition, when used as a clutch device for a supercharger, a non-wet type clutch device has the advantage of eliminating the need for a bypass passage, which is used numerically. For example, it is clear that the present invention can be similarly applied to devices other than superchargers.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, the present invention utilizes a pulley and a cover fixed to the pulley as a part of the oil chamber housing of a wet clutch, and disposes the driving side and driven side clutch plates inside the pulley. In a wet clutch device that uses a wet clutch, the driven shaft is rotated with low torque even in the disconnected state, so it is preferable to change the output torque in two stages, or to change the output torque in two stages, or by using necessary equipment such as internal combustion. Suitable for use in engine superchargers.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view with the upper half sectioned, showing an embodiment of the wet clutch device of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a connection diagram showing an embodiment in which the wet clutch device of the present invention is used in a supercharger of an internal combustion engine; FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of the rotation speed of the driven wheel in the connected state and the disconnected state of the present wet clutch device,
Figures 4A and 4B are perspective views showing examples of fins and grooves formed on the armature, and Figures 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views taken along lines v-v and VT-VT in Figure 1, respectively. be. 11 - housing, 12 - driven shaft, 13 - hob, 14
・-bearing, 15-pulley, 16-oil seal, 18-
Fixing screw, 20-cover, 21-oil chamber, 22...
Axial projection, 23-... Drive side clutch plate, 24...
Spline, 25 - Driven side clutch plate, 26 - Amateur, 28 - Annular groove, 29 - Bracket, 3
0--Coil, 31--Magnetic path forming hole, 32--Sealing material, 41--Fin, 42--Groove.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A pulley is provided on the outer periphery of the hob that is integrated with the driven shaft so that it can rotate freely relative to the hob, and this pulley, the hob side member, and the cover integrated with the pulley form an oil chamber. , a driving side clutch plate located in this oil chamber and supported so as to be movable in the axial direction on a pulley or a cover, a driven side clutch plate supported so as to be movable in the axial direction on the hob side member, and a clutch plate on the driving side and the driven side. An armature positioned closer to the cover than the clutch plate and supported movably in the axial direction on the hob side member is provided, and electromagnetic means is provided to attract the armature and apply a contact force to the driving side and driven side clutch plates. established,
Furthermore, the outer diameters of the armature and driven side clutch plates, and the amount of oil sealed in the oil chamber are determined by the electromagnetic means that when the driving side and driven side clutch plates are disconnected, the oil rotates with the pulley and is located at the periphery of the oil chamber. A wet type clutch device characterized in that an armature and an outer diameter portion of a driven side clutch plate are immersed in the clutch plate. (2) The wet clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the armature is provided with fins or grooves on the outer peripheral portion of the armature that is immersed in oil. (3) A wet clutch device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the driven shaft is a drive shaft of a supercharger of an internal combustion engine.